The Peace Offering
Leviticus 3:1-17
Lev.3.1 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- זבח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שלמים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- קרבנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,3ms
- אם: CONJ
- מן: PREP
- הבקר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- מקריב: VERB,qal,part,3,m,sg
- אם: CONJ
- זכר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אם: CONJ
- נקבה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- תמים: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- יקריבנו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לפני: PREP
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Leviticus 1:3 (verbal): Language about offering a male 'without blemish' parallels the requirement here that the sacrifice (male or female) be unblemished and presented before the LORD.
- Exodus 12:5 (thematic): The Passover lamb must be 'without blemish' (a male of the first year); parallels the broader cultic principle of offering perfect animals for sacred rites.
- Leviticus 7:11-15 (structural): Gives the procedures and purposes for peace (fellowship/thanksgiving) offerings—who may eat, portions for priests and offerer—expanding the ritual context of Lev 3:1's peace offering.
- Leviticus 22:18-25 (thematic): Stresses that offerings brought to the LORD must be without defect (not blind, lame, or diseased), reinforcing Lev 3:1's requirement of a perfect animal for sacrifice.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if his offering is a sacrifice of well-being, if he brings it from the herd, whether male or female, without blemish he shall present it before the LORD.
- And if a sacrifice of well-being is his offering: if he is bringing it from the herd—whether male or female—he shall present it without blemish before the LORD.
Lev.3.2 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- וסמך: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- ידו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- על: PREP
- ראש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- קרבנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,3ms
- ושחטו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- פתח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אהל: NOUN,m,sg,construct
- מועד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וזרקו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- אהרן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- את: PRT,acc
- הדם: NOUN,m,sg,abs,def
- על: PREP
- המזבח: NOUN,m,sg,def
- סביב: ADV
Parallels
- Leviticus 1:4-5 (verbal): Burnt-offering ritual: the offerer lays his hand on the animal's head and the priests sprinkle its blood round about the altar — close verbal and procedural parallel.
- Exodus 29:10-11 (structural): Priestly consecration: laying hands on the ram, slaughtering at the entrance of the tent of meeting, and the priests sprinkling the blood round about the altar — same sequence and setting.
- Leviticus 4:4 (thematic): Sin-offering formula: the sinner lays his hand on the head of the offering before it is slaughtered — parallels the laying-on-of-hands gesture linking person and sacrifice.
- Leviticus 7:2 (verbal): Instruction for peace/thank offerings: slaughter at the door of the tent of meeting and the priest shall sprinkle the blood round about upon the altar — repeats the precise location and blood-sprinkling action of Lev 3:2.
Alternative generated candidates
- He shall lay his hand on the head of his offering and slaughter it at the entrance of the tent of meeting, and the sons of Aaron, the priests, shall dash the blood on the altar all around.
- And he shall lay his hand on the head of his offering and slaughter it at the entrance of the tent of meeting, and the sons of Aaron, the priests, shall dash the blood against the altar all around.
Lev.3.3 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- והקריב: VERB,hiph,impf,3,m,sg
- מזבח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השלמים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- את: PRT,acc
- החלב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- המכסה: PART,qal,ptc,m,sg,def
- את: PRT,acc
- הקרב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- כל: DET
- החלב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- על: PREP
- הקרב: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Exodus 29:13 (verbal): Uses the same technical phrase about the fat “that which covereth the inwards” in the ram consecration—same sacrificial anatomy and vocabulary as Lev 3:3.
- Leviticus 3:16 (structural): Repeats the chapter’s concluding ritual formula about burning the fat on the altar as food of the offerings to the LORD; a near‑parallel restatement within the same legal unit.
- Leviticus 7:23 (thematic): Prohibits Israel from eating certain fats because the fat is reserved for the LORD—underscores the theological reason why fat is designated in Lev 3:3.
- Numbers 18:11–12 (thematic): Speaks of the priests’ entitlement to the choicest portions of offerings (best oil/wine/firstfruits); thematically parallels the idea that certain parts of sacrifices (including fat) are holy/allocated to God and his ministers.
Alternative generated candidates
- From the sacrifice of well-being he shall present as a fire-offering to the LORD: the fat covering the entrails and all the fat that is on the entrails,
- And from the sacrifice of well-being he shall present as a fire-offering to the LORD: the fat that covers the entrails and all the fat that is on the entrails:
Lev.3.4 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ואת: CONJ
- שתי: NUM,card,f,du
- הכלית: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- החלב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- עלהן: PREP+PRON,3,f,pl
- אשר: PRON,rel
- על: PREP
- הכסלים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- ואת: CONJ
- היתרת: NOUN,f,sg,def
- על: PREP
- הכבד: NOUN,m,sg,def
- על: PREP
- הכליות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- יסירנה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg,obj:3,f,pl
Parallels
- Leviticus 3:9 (verbal): A near-identical ritual formula for another peace-offering: instructs the removal of the two kidneys and the fat and the caul on the liver.
- Leviticus 3:16 (verbal): Repetition/recapitulation within the same chapter of the instructions concerning the kidneys and fat of the peace offering.
- Exodus 29:13 (verbal): Consecration sacrifice instruction that lists the fat, the caul above the liver, and the two kidneys—very close vocabulary and ritual function.
- Leviticus 7:3 (thematic): Speaks of burning the fat of the offerings on the altar as the priest's portion—connects to the destination and treatment of the fat and inward parts removed in Lev 3:4.
Alternative generated candidates
- and the two kidneys and the fat that is on them, that is on the loins, and the appendage on the liver—he shall remove it with the kidneys.
- and the two kidneys and the fat that is on them, that is on the loins, and the long lobe of the liver—he shall remove it with the kidneys.
Lev.3.5 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- והקטירו: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,pl
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- אהרן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המזבחה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- על: PREP
- העלה: NOUN,f,sg,abs,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- על: PREP
- העצים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- על: PREP
- האש: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ריח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ניחח: ADJ,m,sg
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Leviticus 1:9 (verbal): Nearly identical priestly instruction: the sons of Aaron burn the offering on the altar on the wood and it is 'a sweet savour unto the LORD'—same wording and ritual act.
- Exodus 29:18 (structural): Priestly rite of burning a whole ram on the altar as part of consecration—parallels the procedure and function of sacrificial burning on the altar.
- Genesis 8:21 (thematic): Noah's burnt offering produces a 'pleasing aroma' to God—thematises sacrifice as a pleasant scent to Yahweh, echoing 'a sweet savour unto the LORD.'
- Hebrews 13:15 (allusion): New Testament re‑reading of sacrifice language: 'the fruit of lips giving thanks' is presented as a continual 'sacrifice of praise,' linking worship/prayer to the sacrificial 'pleasant aroma' motif.
Alternative generated candidates
- The sons of Aaron shall turn it into smoke on the altar, upon the burnt-offering which is on the wood that is on the fire—a fire-offering, a pleasing aroma to the LORD.
- And the sons of Aaron shall turn it into smoke on the altar, upon the burnt-offering that is on the wood that is on the fire—a fire-offering, a pleasing aroma to the LORD.
Lev.3.6 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- מן: PREP
- הצאן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- קרבנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,3ms
- לזבח: VERB,qal,inf
- שלמים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- זכר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- או: CONJ
- נקבה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- תמים: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- יקריבנו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Leviticus 3:1 (verbal): Provides the parallel peace-offering formula for an animal from the herd — same offering type and the requirement that it be without blemish (male), showing the chapter’s repeated sacrificial wording and structure.
- Leviticus 1:10 (verbal): Uses virtually identical language for offerings from the flock (male or female) required to be without blemish (here for burnt offerings), highlighting the consistent requirement of an unblemished animal across offering types.
- Exodus 12:5 (allusion): The Passover lamb must be 'without blemish' (a male), echoing the cultic standard that sacrificial animals be unblemished; connects festival/ritual sacrifice practice with Leviticus’ sacrificial norms.
- Leviticus 7:11-18 (thematic): Gives the laws governing peace (shelaim) offerings — portions, who may eat, and timing — expanding on the practical and communal implications of bringing a peace offering like that prescribed in 3:6.
- Leviticus 22:20-25 (thematic): Forbids offering blemished or diseased animals and sets standards for acceptable sacrifices, reinforcing the requirement in 3:6 that animals offered (male or female from the flock) be without blemish.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if his offering for a sacrifice of well-being to the LORD is from the flock, whether male or female, without blemish he shall present it.
- And if from the flock is his offering for a sacrifice of well-being to the LORD—male or female—he shall present it without blemish.
Lev.3.7 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- אם: CONJ
- כשב: CONJ
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- מקריב: VERB,qal,part,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- קרבנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,3ms
- והקריב: VERB,hiph,impf,3,m,sg
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- לפני: PREP
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Leviticus 7:11-15 (structural): Continues and explicates the laws for peace/thanksgiving offerings (who may eat, proportions, and thanksgiving formulas), providing the immediate legal context for bringing an offering before the LORD.
- Psalm 50:14, 23 (verbal): Expresses the cultic idea of presenting to God a 'sacrifice of thanksgiving' and links right worship (thanksgiving) with proper ethical obedience, echoing the language of bringing offerings 'before the LORD.'
- Psalm 116:17 (verbal): The psalmist declares 'I will offer to you the sacrifice of thanksgiving,' a direct verbal and thematic parallel to offering thanksgiving/peace offerings before God.
- Numbers 6:13-14 (thematic): In the Nazirite concluding ritual a peace/thanksgiving-type offering is brought 'before the LORD,' thematically parallel in ritual form and the act of presenting sacrifices to the LORD as part of vow/thanksgiving.
- Hebrews 13:15 (thematic): In the NT the faithful are urged to 'offer the sacrifice of praise to God' through Jesus—a theological echo of OT thanksgiving/peace offerings as the proper response to God's grace.
Alternative generated candidates
- If he presents a lamb as his offering, then he shall present it before the LORD.
- If he is presenting a sheep as his offering, he shall present it before the LORD.
Lev.3.8 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- וסמך: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- ידו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- על: PREP
- ראש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- קרבנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,3ms
- ושחט: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- לפני: PREP
- אהל: NOUN,m,sg,construct
- מועד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וזרקו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- אהרן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- דמו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss3ms
- על: PREP
- המזבח: NOUN,m,sg,def
- סביב: ADV
Parallels
- Leviticus 1:4 (verbal): Uses the same ritual verb and sequence: the offerer lays his hand on the head of the sacrifice (semikhah) before it is slaughtered — the gesture transferring the offerer to the animal.
- Leviticus 4:6 (verbal): Prescribes the priest’s handling of sacrificial blood (taking/applying it to the altar); parallels Lev 3:8’s instruction that the priests cast/sprinkle the blood on the altar round about.
- Exodus 29:10–11 (verbal): During the consecration of Aaron and his sons they lay hands on a ram and it is killed before the tent of meeting — same laying-on-hands + slaughter pattern in a cultic setting.
- Leviticus 16:21 (verbal): On the Day of Atonement the high priest lays both hands on the head of the live goat while confessing Israel’s sins — a related use of semikhah to transfer persons/culpability to a sacrificial animal.
- Hebrews 9:13–14 (thematic): New Testament reflection on the efficacy of animal blood and its sprinkling for ritual purification; thematically connects the Levitical practice of slaughtering and sprinkling blood to concepts of cleansing and atonement.
Alternative generated candidates
- He shall lay his hand on the head of his offering and slaughter it before the tent of meeting, and the sons of Aaron shall dash its blood on the altar all around.
- And he shall lay his hand on the head of his offering and slaughter it before the tent of meeting, and the sons of Aaron shall dash its blood against the altar all around.
Lev.3.9 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- והקריב: VERB,hiph,impf,3,m,sg
- מזבח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השלמים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- חלבו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- האליה: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- תמימה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- לעמת: PREP
- העצה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- יסירנה: VERB,hiph,impf,3,m,sg+PRON,3,f,sg
- ואת: CONJ
- החלב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- המכסה: PART,qal,ptc,m,sg,def
- את: PRT,acc
- הקרב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- כל: DET
- החלב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- על: PREP
- הקרב: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Exodus 29:13 (verbal): Gives a near-identical ritual instruction to remove and deal with the fat that covers the entrails during consecration/sacrifice (language about the fat covering the inward parts).
- Leviticus 3:16 (structural): Within the same chapter the provision is reiterated that the fat of the peace‑offering belongs to Yahweh (and is to be treated specially), making 3:9 part of the chapter’s repeated legal formulae about fat portions.
- Leviticus 7:22–23 (thematic): Pronounces the prohibition and legal consequences regarding consumption of fat from sacrifices—reflects the cultic regulation that certain fats are consecrated and not for ordinary eating, the corollary of 3:9’s assignment of fat to the LORD.
- Genesis 4:4 (thematic): Abel’s offering is described as the ‘fat portions’ of the firstlings—an early example of the practice of offering fat to God, thematically parallel to Leviticus’ rule that fat be given to Yahweh.
- Deuteronomy 32:14 (allusion): In a poetic list of divine provision Israel is nourished with ‘fat of lambs’ and choice portions—echoing the cultic value placed on animal fat as prized and devoted in sacrificial contexts.
Alternative generated candidates
- From the sacrifice of well-being he shall present as a fire-offering to the LORD: its fat—the fat tail, whole; he shall remove it close to the backbone—and the fat that covers the entrails and all the fat that is on the entrails,
- And from the sacrifice of well-being he shall present as a fire-offering to the LORD its fat: the fat tail, whole—close to the backbone he shall remove it—and the fat that covers the entrails and all the fat that is on the entrails:
Lev.3.10 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ואת: CONJ
- שתי: NUM,card,f,du
- הכלית: NOUN,f,pl,def
- ואת: CONJ
- החלב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- עלהן: PREP+PRON,3,pl,f
- אשר: PRON,rel
- על: PREP
- הכסלים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- ואת: CONJ
- היתרת: NOUN,f,sg,def
- על: PREP
- הכבד: NOUN,m,sg,def
- על: PREP
- הכלית: NOUN,f,pl,def
- יסירנה: VERB,hiph,impf,3,m,sg+OBJ,3,pl,f
Parallels
- Lev.3:9 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same pericope—also lists the two kidneys and the fat upon them as parts the priest is to take away and burn on the altar in the peace offering.
- Lev.3:16 (structural): Summarizes the ritual outcome: the priest burns the specified fats and inward parts on the altar as the food of the offerings made by fire to YHWH, tying the removal in v.10 to its cultic function.
- Lev.7:23 (thematic): Prohibits Israel from eating the fat of ox, sheep, and goats—explains why certain fats (like the kidneys’ fat) are reserved for burning on the altar rather than for human consumption.
- Lev.7:31–34 (thematic): Reiterates priestly handling of the fat of peace offerings—commands the priests to burn the fat on the altar and treats such fat as dedicated cultic food, echoing the procedure in Lev 3:10.
- Exod.29:13 (structural): Prescribes handling of the entrails and pieces of sacrificial animals (washing and arranging on the pieces) in consecration rites—parallels the ritual procedures for internal parts (kidneys/entrails) in Levitical sacrifice regulations.
Alternative generated candidates
- and the two kidneys and the fat that is on them, that is on the loins, and the appendage on the liver—he shall remove it with the kidneys.
- and the two kidneys and the fat that is on them, that is on the loins, and the long lobe of the liver—he shall remove it with the kidneys.
Lev.3.11 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- והקטירו: CONJ+VERB,hif,perf,3,m,pl
- הכהן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- המזבחה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לחם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Leviticus 1:9 (verbal): Same ritual formula: the priest burns parts of the offering on the altar 'an offering made by fire unto the LORD' (language and action parallel).
- Leviticus 7:15 (verbal): Repeats the instruction for peace offerings that 'the priest shall burn them on the altar' and treats the act as a 'sweet savour' to the LORD, closely matching 3:11.
- Exodus 29:18 (thematic): Describes burning the fat of the ram on the altar as part of consecratory ritual—themewise parallel in burning parts of offerings on the altar.
- Numbers 15:3 (verbal): Uses the phrase 'a sweet savour unto the LORD' of offerings made by fire, echoing the sacrificial valuation language found in Leviticus 3:11.
Alternative generated candidates
- Then the priest shall turn it into smoke on the altar—food, a fire-offering to the LORD.
- And the priest shall turn it into smoke on the altar as food, a fire-offering to the LORD.
Lev.3.12 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- עז: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- קרבנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,3ms
- והקריבו: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,pl
- לפני: PREP
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Leviticus 3:6 (verbal): Uses the same formula for a male sheep brought as a peace offering — parallel wording and ritual role within the chapter's species-specific variants.
- Leviticus 3:1 (structural): Introduces the regulations for the peace (shelamim) offering that verses like 3:12 instantiate; provides the general framework applied to bulls, sheep, and goats.
- Leviticus 7:11-21 (thematic): Gives detailed rules for the eating and distribution of peace-offerings (who may eat, priestly portions), expanding the practical consequences of presenting a goat or other animal in Lev 3.
- Ezekiel 46:11-12 (allusion): In the prophetic temple legislation Ezekiel prescribes peace-offering procedures and portions that echo the sacrificial structure and communal/priests' shares found in Leviticus 3.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if his offering is a goat, he shall present it before the LORD.
- And if a goat is his offering, he shall present it before the LORD.
Lev.3.13 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- וסמך: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- ידו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- על: PREP
- ראשו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- ושחט: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- לפני: PREP
- אהל: NOUN,m,sg,construct
- מועד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וזרקו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- אהרן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- דמו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss3ms
- על: PREP
- המזבח: NOUN,m,sg,def
- סביב: ADV
Parallels
- Leviticus 1:4 (verbal): The offerer 'lays his hand on the head' of the animal—same verbal ritual of identification/transference found in Lev 3:13 (burnt offering parallel to peace offering).
- Leviticus 7:2–3 (verbal): Gives the same practical instructions for the peace offering: slaughter 'before the LORD at the entrance of the tent of meeting' and the priests 'shall sprinkle its blood around on the altar'—closely parallels Lev 3:13's slaughter and blood-sprinkling.
- Exodus 29:10–12 (verbal): In the ordination sacrifice the candidate lays hands on the ram, it is slain at the tent entrance, and its blood is dashed against the altar—same sequence of laying on hands, slaughter before the tent, and applying blood.
- Leviticus 16:21 (verbal): On Yom Kippur the high priest lays hands on the scapegoat to transfer the people's sins—shares the gesture of laying hands (identification/transference) with Lev 3:13, though in a different cultic function.
- Leviticus 17:11 (thematic): States that 'the life of the flesh is in the blood' and blood is for atonement—provides the theological rationale for dashing blood on the altar as in Lev 3:13.
Alternative generated candidates
- He shall lay his hand on its head and slaughter it before the tent of meeting, and the sons of Aaron shall dash its blood on the altar all around.
- And he shall lay his hand on its head and slaughter it before the tent of meeting, and the sons of Aaron shall dash its blood against the altar all around.
Lev.3.14 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- והקריב: VERB,hiph,impf,3,m,sg
- ממנו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- קרבנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,3ms
- אשה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- את: PRT,acc
- החלב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- המכסה: PART,qal,ptc,m,sg,def
- את: PRT,acc
- הקרב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- כל: DET
- החלב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- על: PREP
- הקרב: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Exod.29.13 (verbal): Similar cultic formula: directs removal/burning of 'the fat that covereth the inwards' of a sacrifice and its burning on the altar (same technical vocabulary about fat of the entrails).
- Lev.3.16 (structural): Closely related closing formula in the same chapter: priests burn the fat on the altar 'a sweet savour unto the LORD' and 'all the fat is the LORD's,' echoing the sanctity and destination of the fat named in 3:14.
- Gen.4.4 (thematic): Earliest biblical example of offering 'the fat' (Abel's offering 'of the fat thereof'); shows longstanding practice of giving the choicest fat portion to God as sacrificial best.
- Lev.7.23-25 (thematic): Legal prohibition against eating fat of certain animals (and injunctions about blood/fat); underscores that animal fat was set apart as holy/for the altar or priests, paralleling 3:14's assignment of fat to the LORD.
Alternative generated candidates
- From it he shall present his offering, a fire-offering to the LORD: the fat covering the entrails and all the fat that is on the entrails,
- And from it he shall present his offering as a fire-offering to the LORD: the fat that covers the entrails and all the fat that is on the entrails:
Lev.3.15 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ואת: CONJ
- שתי: NUM,card,f,du
- הכלית: NOUN,f,pl,def
- ואת: CONJ
- החלב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- עלהן: PREP+PRON,3,pl,f
- אשר: PRON,rel
- על: PREP
- הכסלים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- ואת: CONJ
- היתרת: NOUN,f,sg,def
- על: PREP
- הכבד: NOUN,m,sg,def
- על: PREP
- הכלית: NOUN,f,pl,def
- יסירנה: VERB,hiph,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Lev.3.9 (verbal): The same technical instruction appears earlier in the chapter for the ox: removal of the two kidneys and the fat that is on them (verbal parallel within the peace‑offering regulations).
- Lev.3.16 (structural): Immediate context: the statement that 'all the fat is the LORD’s' and the fat is for the altar ties the removal of kidneys/fat to the cultic purpose of the offering (theological/structural continuation).
- Lev.7:23-25 (thematic): Prohibits eating certain animal fats and treats fat as sacred—contrasts common consumption with the cultic dedication of fat described in Lev 3:15.
- Exod.29:13 (verbal): In the consecration of the priests similar portions are specified (fat that covers the inwards, the two kidneys, and the fat upon them), showing the same cultic categories of 'fat' and kidneys used elsewhere in sacrificial rites.
Alternative generated candidates
- and the two kidneys and the fat that is on them, that is on the loins, and the appendage on the liver—he shall remove it with the kidneys.
- and the two kidneys and the fat that is on them, that is on the loins, and the long lobe of the liver—he shall remove it with the kidneys.
Lev.3.16 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- והקטירם: VERB,hifil,perf,3,m,sg
- הכהן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- המזבחה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לחם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לריח: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ניחח: ADJ,m,sg
- כל: DET
- חלב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Leviticus 1:9 (verbal): Same cultic formula: the priest burns the offering on the altar 'a sweet savour unto the LORD' — identical ritual language for offerings burned on the altar.
- Leviticus 7:31 (verbal): Parallel instruction that the priest shall burn the fat on the altar 'for a sweet savour' — reiterates that parts of peace/food offerings are to be burned as pleasing aroma to YHWH.
- Exodus 29:18 (verbal): Command to burn the ram on the altar as a burnt offering 'a sweet savour' — uses the same terminology linking sacrificial burning and a pleasing odor to the LORD.
- Genesis 8:21 (verbal): Noah's sacrifice yields a 'sweet savour' or pleasing aroma to God — an early precedent for describing divine acceptance of animal offerings in sacrificial terms.
- Genesis 4:4 (thematic): Abel's offering is accepted by God (contrast with Cain) — thematically related to the notion of an offering pleasing to God, underlying why sacrifices are described as a 'sweet savour.'
Alternative generated candidates
- The priest shall turn them into smoke on the altar—food of a fire-offering, for a pleasing aroma. All fat is the LORD’s.
- And the priest shall turn them into smoke on the altar as food, a fire-offering, for a pleasing aroma; all fat is the LORD's.
Lev.3.17 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- חקת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- עולם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לדרתיכם: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
- בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מושבתיכם: NOUN,f,pl,abs,2,mp
- כל: DET
- חלב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- דם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- תאכלו: VERB,qal,impf,2,mp
Parallels
- Lev.7.23-27 (verbal): Direct restatement elsewhere in Leviticus explicitly forbidding the eating of fat and commanding that blood not be eaten.
- Lev.17.10-14 (verbal): Repeats the prohibition against eating blood, links blood to life, and prescribes disposal—amplifying the rationale behind Lev 3:17.
- Deut.12.15,23-25 (verbal): Deuteronomic reiteration of the ban on eating blood and instructions for slaughter and handling of meat, continuing the same dietary command.
- Gen.9.4 (thematic): An earlier/primal prohibition after the Flood: 'You shall not eat flesh with its life, that is, its blood,' providing a foundational precedent for the Levitical ban.
- Acts 15.20,29 (allusion): The Jerusalem Council tells Gentile believers to abstain from blood (and strangled animals), reflecting the Levitical/Deuteronomic prohibition applied in the early church.
Alternative generated candidates
- A statute forever throughout your generations, in all your dwellings: you shall not eat any fat or any blood.
- A statute forever for your generations, in all your dwellings: all fat and all blood you shall not eat.
And if his offering is a sacrifice of well-being, if from the herd he is presenting, whether male or female, he shall present it without blemish before the LORD.
He shall lay his hand upon the head of his offering and he shall slaughter it at the entrance of the tent of meeting; and the sons of Aaron, the priests, shall dash the blood against the altar all around. And from the sacrifice of well-being he shall present as a fire-offering to the LORD: the fat that covers the entrails and all the fat that is on the entrails,
and the two kidneys and the fat that is on them, that is on the loins, and the appendage on the liver—he shall remove it with the kidneys. And the sons of Aaron shall turn it into smoke on the altar, upon the burnt-offering that is on the wood that is on the fire—a fire-offering, a pleasing aroma to the LORD. And if his offering for a sacrifice of well-being to the LORD is from the flock, male or female, he shall present it without blemish.
If he is presenting a lamb as his offering, then he shall present it before the LORD.
He shall lay his hand upon the head of his offering and slaughter it before the tent of meeting; and the sons of Aaron shall dash its blood against the altar all around. And from the sacrifice of well-being he shall present as a fire-offering to the LORD: its fat—the fat tail whole; near the backbone he shall remove it—and the fat that covers the entrails and all the fat that is on the entrails,
and the two kidneys and the fat that is on them, that is on the loins, and the appendage on the liver—he shall remove it with the kidneys. And the priest shall turn them into smoke on the altar as food, a fire-offering to the LORD. And if his offering is a goat, he shall present it before the LORD.
He shall lay his hand upon its head and slaughter it before the tent of meeting; and the sons of Aaron shall dash its blood against the altar all around. And he shall present from it his offering, a fire-offering to the LORD: the fat that covers the entrails and all the fat that is on the entrails,
and the two kidneys and the fat that is on them, that is on the loins, and the appendage on the liver—he shall remove it with the kidneys. And the priest shall turn them into smoke on the altar as food, a fire-offering, for a pleasing aroma; all fat is the LORD’s.
A perpetual statute throughout your generations, in all your dwellings: you shall not eat any fat or any blood.