The Genealogy of Benjamin (including Saul’s Line)
1 Chronicles 8:1-9:1
1 C.8.1 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ובנימן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הוליד: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- בלע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בכרו: NOUN,3,m,sg,abs
- אשבל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השני: ADJ,m,sg,def
- ואחרח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השלישי: ADJ,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Genesis 46:21 (verbal): Direct parallel genealogy: Genesis lists the sons of Benjamin (Bela, Becher/Bechar, Ashbel, etc.), corresponding closely to the names in 1 Chronicles 8:1.
- Numbers 26:38-41 (verbal): Census/genealogical list of Benjamin's clans that names Bela and Ashbel among Benjamin's descendants (with minor variant spellings), echoing the same lineage.
- Genesis 35:18 (thematic): Narrative account of Benjamin's birth (Benoni/Benjamin) — provides the origin context for the tribal ancestor whose sons are enumerated in 1 Chronicles 8:1.
- 1 Chronicles 9:1 (and following) (structural): Later Chronicler material that reorganizes and repeats Benjaminite genealogical and clan data (families of Benjamin among the exiles/returnees), drawing on the same genealogical tradition represented in 1 Chronicles 8.
Alternative generated candidates
- Benjamin fathered Bela his firstborn, Ashbel the second, and Aharah the third.
- Benjamin fathered Bela his firstborn, Ashbel the second, Aharah the third.
1 C.8.2 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- נוחה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הרביעי: ADJ,ord,m,sg,def
- ורפא: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- החמישי: ADJ,m,sg,def
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:6 (verbal): Repeats the Benjaminite genealogy found in 1 Chronicles 8; many of the same names (including Noah/Noach and Rapha/Rapha) occur in the parallel postexilic list.
- 1 Chronicles 8:1-4 (structural): Immediate literary context: verse 2 is part of this sequence of Benjamin's descendants and is structurally connected to the surrounding genealogical entries.
- Genesis 46:21 (thematic): An earlier patriarchal genealogy of Benjamin’s sons; Chronicles reworks and expands the tribe’s genealogical traditions found in Genesis.
- Numbers 26:38-41 (thematic): Census/genealogical listing of Benjamin’s clans in the wilderness tradition — another primary source for the tribe’s ancestral names that Chronicles reflects and reorganizes.
Alternative generated candidates
- Noah the fourth, and Raphah the fifth.
- Noah the fourth, and Rapha the fifth.
1 C.8.3 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהיו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- בנים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- לבלע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אדר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וגרא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואביהוד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Genesis 46:21 (verbal): Genesis' list of Jacob's descendants names Bela and his sons (including Gera and variants of Ard/Addar), providing the prime Old Testament parallel for the same Benjamite family names.
- Numbers 26:38 (thematic): In the tribal census Numbers lists the sons of Benjamin (including Bela), situating the same clan within Israel's census tradition and genealogical framework.
- 1 Chronicles 8:1 (structural): Immediately related verse in the same chapter that introduces Bela as Benjamin's firstborn and frames the genealogy of which 8:3 (the sons of Bela) is a part.
- Matthew 1:13 (allusion): The New Testament name Abiud (Greek form) in Jesus' genealogy likely reflects the Hebrew name Abihud found here — an onomastic echo of the Benjamite name in later tradition.
Alternative generated candidates
- The sons of Bela were Addar, Gera, and Abihud.
- The sons of Bela were Addar, Gera, and Abihud.
1 C.8.4 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ואבישוע: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ונעמן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואחוח: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:8 (structural): Nearly identical genealogical listing of Benjamin’s descendants; repeats the names Abishua, Naaman, and Ahoah (duplication of the material in 1 Chr 8).
- 1 Chronicles 6:4 (verbal): The name Abishua appears in the priestly genealogy (Phinehas → Abishua), showing the same personal name occurs elsewhere in Chronicles (different individual/context).
- 2 Kings 5:1 (verbal): The name Naaman occurs here of the Aramean commander healed by Elisha; a verbal/name parallel (same personal name used for a different figure).
- 1 Chronicles 8:1-40 (structural): Contextual parallel: the surrounding chapter is a continuous Benjamite genealogy; verse 8:4 is part of this larger genealogical sequence that is later echoed in ch. 9.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Abishua, Naaman, and Ahoah.
- And Abishua, Naaman, and Ahoah.
1 C.8.5 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- וגרא: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ושפופן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וחורם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:5-8 (structural): Repeats the Benjaminite genealogy found in 1 Chronicles 8; many of the same personal names (e.g., Gera, Shephuphan, Huram) appear in this parallel list, showing the chronicler's double presentation of the family lines.
- Genesis 46:21 (verbal): Gera appears among the sons/descendants of Benjamin in Genesis' list of Jacob's family who went to Egypt; the shared name links the Benjamite lineage across the patriarchal and chronicler genealogies.
- Judges 3:15 (allusion): Mentions Ehud 'son of Gera,' identifying a notable Benjamite descended from the same name Gera found in 1 Chronicles 8:5; this connects the genealogical name to a historical figure in Israelite narrative.
- 1 Kings 5:6 (verbal): Uses the similar name Hiram/Huram (the Tyrian king/craftsman brought in for Solomon's building projects); while a different individual, the shared personal name Huram/Hiram illustrates the recurrence of this theophoric/name-form across Israelite and neighboring records.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Gera, Shephuphan, and Hooram.
- Gera, Shephuphan, and Huram.
1 C.8.6 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ואלה: CONJ+DEM,pl,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- אחוד: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלה: DEM,pl,abs
- הם: PRON,personal,3,m,pl
- ראשי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,1,sg
- אבות: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- ליושבי: PREP+NOUN,ptc,pres,pl,m,cstr
- גבע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויגלום: CONJ+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- מנחת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:7 (verbal): Repeats the genealogical list of Benjaminite families and leaders associated with Gibeon — a near-duplicate household-heads listing found elsewhere in Chronicles.
- 2 Samuel 21:1-2 (thematic): Mentions the Gibeonites and the national consequences for wronging them (a famine and David's dealings with the Gibeonites); thematically related because both passages concern the people/residents of Gibeon.
- Joshua 9:3-27 (thematic): Narrates the Gibeonites' treaty with Israel and their subsequent status (servants to the community); provides background on the identity and special status of Gibeon's inhabitants referenced in the genealogical list.
- Joshua 21:17 (structural): Lists Gibeon among the cities assigned to the priests/Levites, linking the place-name in the genealogical heads-list with the book’s settlement/allocation lists and confirming Gibeon’s recognized residential role in Israel.
Alternative generated candidates
- These are the sons of Ehud; these were the heads of the ancestral houses of the inhabitants of Geba, and they drove them to Manahath.
- These were the sons of Ehud. They were the chiefs of the fathers’ houses of the inhabitants of Gibeon; they drove them into Manahath.
1 C.8.7 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ונעמן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואחיה: CONJ+VERB,hiphil,impf,1,c,sg
- וגרא: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- הגלם: NOUN,m,sg,def
- והוליד: CONJ+VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- עזא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- אחיחד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Genesis 46:21 (verbal): Lists the sons of Benjamin (including Naaman, Gera, Ehi/Ahiah), repeating the same personal names found in 1 Chron 8:7 — a direct genealogical parallel.
- Numbers 26:38-41 (thematic): Census listing of Benjamin's families and clans; parallels the genealogical tradition and family divisions reflected in 1 Chron 8:7.
- 1 Chronicles 9:39 (structural): Postexilic repetition of Benjamin's genealogy that echoes the names and line connections recorded in 1 Chron 8:7, showing editorial repetition of the same lineage.
- 1 Chronicles 8:6 (structural): Immediate antecedent in the same chapter — verse 6 begins the genealogical sequence continued in v.7, so the two verses form a contiguous genealogical parallel.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Naaman, Ahiah, and Gera the Gileadite—he fathered Uzzah and Ahihud.
- And Naaman and Ahiah and Gera—he was the Gaalah—and he fathered Uzza and Ahihud.
1 C.8.8 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ושחרים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- הוליד: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- בשדה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מואב: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- מן: PREP
- שלחו: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,pl
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- חושים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- בערא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- נשיו: NOUN,f,pl,abs,3,m
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:35-44 (structural): A near-duplicate genealogy of the tribe of Benjamin; many names and genealogical details in 1 Chr 8 are repeated here.
- Numbers 26:38-41 (verbal): Census/genealogical listing of Benjamin's families that includes many of the same personal names (Bela, Ashbel, Aharah, etc.), paralleling the genealogical material in 1 Chr 8.
- 1 Samuel 9:1-2 (thematic): Introduces Kish, a notable Benjaminite, and situates important individuals within the Benjaminite genealogy—reflecting the same tribal-genealogical focus as 1 Chr 8.
- Genesis 19:37-38 (thematic): Describes the origins of the Moabites (birth in the ‘field’ of Moab); thematically related to the mention of births/lineage connected with Moab in 1 Chr 8:8.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Shucham settled in the region of Moab; from him came Shuham, and Hushim, and Beera his wife.
- And Shacharim begot sons in the fields of Moab—by the sending—Hushim and Beerah his wife.
1 C.8.9 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ויולד: VERB,niphal,impf,3,m,sg
- מן: PREP
- חדש: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- אשתו: NOUN,f,sg,cs+3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- יובב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- צביא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- מישא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- מלכם: NOUN,m,sg,construct+PRON:3,pl
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:35-44 (structural): A near-verbatim repetition of the Benjaminite genealogy found in 1 Chronicles 8; many of the same names and family relationships are restated, so 1 Chr 9:35–44 parallels the list in which v. 8:9 appears.
- Genesis 36:33 (verbal): Contains the name Jobab (יֹבָב/Yobab) among the Edomite kings (Jobab son of Zerah); shares the same personal name as the Yobab listed in 1 Chr 8:9 — an onomastic/verbal parallel.
- 1 Chronicles 8:1-40 (structural): Verse 8:9 is part of this larger Benjaminite genealogical section; the recurring genealogical formula (“and his wife bore…”) and sequence of names in the chapter provide immediate literary and structural context for v. 8:9.
Alternative generated candidates
- And from Hodesh his wife were born Jobab, Zibia, Mesha, and Malcham,
- And of Manahath his wife he begot Jobab, Zibia, Mesha, and Malchiel.
1 C.8.10 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ואת: CONJ
- יעוץ: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- שכיה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- מרמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אלה: DEM,pl,abs
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ראשי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,1,sg
- אבות: NOUN,m,pl,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:8-10 (verbal): Repeats the Benjamite genealogy found in 1 Chronicles 8 and likewise enumerates sons and ‘heads of fathers’ houses,’ making this a direct structural and verbal parallel.
- 1 Chronicles 8:1-5 (structural): Immediate context earlier in the same chapter listing the principal Benjamite forebears; the chapter as a whole is a continuous genealogical record of the tribe of Benjamin.
- 1 Samuel 9:1-2 (thematic): Provides background on Kish and the Benjamite lineage (the family from which Saul arose), connecting the genealogical material in Chronicles to the narrative tradition about Benjaminite leaders.
- 1 Samuel 14:49-52 (thematic): Lists Saul’s sons and summarizes the house of Saul; thematically linked to the Benjamite genealogies in Chronicles that trace the tribal heads and familial branches from which Israel’s first king came.
Alternative generated candidates
- and Jehoahaz, Shekia, and Marma—these were his sons, heads of ancestral houses.
- And Jaare-oregim and Shekia and Marma; these were the heads of their fathers’ houses.
1 C.8.11 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ומחשים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- הוליד: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- אביטוב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- אלפעל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:8–9 (verbal): The Benjaminite genealogy is repeated in 1 Chronicles 9, echoing names and the same 'X begot Y' genealogical formula found in 1 Chronicles 8 (parallel listing of family members).
- 1 Chronicles 8:10–12 (structural): Immediate literary context: adjacent verses continue the same sequence of father–son links ('begot') and include the same cluster of names, showing this verse is part of a contiguous genealogical block.
- Genesis 46:21 (thematic): Genesis gives an earlier list of Benjamin’s descendants; while the specific names differ, both passages participate in the biblical theme of clan/genealogical recording for the tribe of Benjamin using the same formulaic language ('begot').
- Ezra 2:1–2 (cf. Nehemiah 7:6–7) (thematic): Post‑exilic returnee lists in Ezra–Nehemiah reflect the same concern for family lists and genealogical continuity as Chronicles, demonstrating a recurring biblical practice of preserving clan names and lineages.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Hachmoni fathered Abitub and Elpaal.
- And Machshim begot Abitub and Elpaal.
1 C.8.12 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ובני: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- אלפעל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ומשעם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ושמד: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- בנה: NOUN,m,sg,abs+SUFF,3,f,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- אונו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- לד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ובנתיה: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,poss3ms
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:35-40 (structural): Chronicles repeats the Benjaminite genealogy found in 1 Chronicles 8; the same family‑groups and town associations (including relatives who built towns) recur in this parallel passage.
- Joshua 18:23 (thematic): The allotment‑lists for the tribe of Benjamin in Joshua name towns in the Benjamin territory (including Lydda/Lod and nearby sites), paralleling this verse's reference to building/settling Ono and Lod.
- Nehemiah 11:33-36 (thematic): The Nehemiah list of inhabitants and towns in the Benjamin district includes settlements such as Lod/Lydda and other local villages, echoing the geographic focus of 1 Chronicles 8:12.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the sons of Elpaal were Eber, Misham, and Shemed; he built Ono and Lod with its villages.
- And the sons of Elpaal were Eber, Misham, and Shemad; he built Ono and Lod and its villages.
1 C.8.13 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- וברעה: CONJ+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ושמע: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
- המה: PRON,3,m,pl
- ראשי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,1,sg
- האבות: NOUN,m,pl,def
- ליושבי: PREP+VERB,qal,ptc,m,pl
- אילון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המה: PRON,3,m,pl
- הבריחו: VERB,hiph,perf,3,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- יושבי: PTC,qal,ptc,mp,cons
- גת: NOUN,prop,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Joshua 10:12-14 (thematic): Aijalon (the Valley of Aijalon) is the scene of a major military episode in the conquest tradition—both passages associate Aijalon with warfare and Israelite military activity.
- Joshua 18:23 (structural): Aijalon appears in the allotment lists for the tribe of Benjamin in Joshua's city-lists; Chronicles likewise locates inhabitants and leaders at Aijalon, linking the place to Benjaminite settlement.
- Judges 1:21 (thematic): Deals with the Benjaminites' relations with neighboring city-populations and the wider theme of driving out or coexisting with local inhabitants; Chronicles 8:13 reports a Benjaminite action of driving out the inhabitants of Gath.
- 1 Chronicles 8:12-14 (verbal): Immediate literary context: the surrounding verses in the same genealogy name Berah and Shema as heads of families at Aijalon and describe the expulsion of the Gath inhabitants, forming a contiguous, verbally parallel unit with 8:13.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Berah and Shema were heads of the ancestral houses of the inhabitants of Ailon; they drove out the inhabitants of Gath.
- And Berah and Shema—these were the heads of the fathers’ houses of the inhabitants of Aijalon; they drove away the inhabitants of Gath.
1 C.8.14 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- ששק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וירמות: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 8:13-15 (verbal): Immediate context in the same chapter: the names of the brothers are part of the contiguous Benjamite genealogy and are repeated in the surrounding verses of ch. 8.
- 1 Chronicles 9:5-7 (structural): Ch. 9 revisits and restructures the Benjamite genealogies found in ch. 8 (including many of the same family names), functioning as a parallel listing of the tribe's descendants.
- 1 Samuel 9:1-2 (thematic): Early Samuel gives background on the Benjamite families (Kish and his relatives), providing a related genealogical context for Saul's tribe—paralleling the genealogical material in 1 Chronicles 8.
- 1 Chronicles 7:6 (thematic): An earlier chapter in Chronicles records lists of Benjamite families and descendants; thematically it parallels ch. 8’s role in preserving the tribal genealogy of Benjamin.
Alternative generated candidates
- And his brothers: Shashak and Jeroham.
- And his brothers: Shashak and Jerimoth.
1 C.8.15 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- וזבדיה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וערד: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועדר: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Genesis 46:21 (verbal): Early patriarchal listing of Benjamin’s sons (Bela, Becher, Ashbel, Gera, Naaman, Ehi, Rosh, Muppim, Huppim, Ard); the name 'Ard/Adar' here corresponds to the Arad/Adar/Eder forms in 1 Chr 8:15, showing the genealogical tradition's origin.
- Numbers 26:38–41 (verbal): The tribal census repeats the names and family branches of Benjamin; the recurrence of names equivalent to Arad/Adar and related Benjaminite families parallels the names listed in 1 Chr 8.
- 1 Chronicles 9:1–2 (structural): Chapter 9 reworks and repeats material from chapter 8 (the Benjamite genealogy) in the postexilic summary of inhabitants/returnees, so many names in 1 Chr 8:15 have direct counterparts in 1 Chr 9.
- 1 Samuel 9:1 (thematic): Gives the genealogy of Kish (father of Saul) as a Benjamite family; connects the genealogical tradition of the tribe of Benjamin in Chronicles to the narrative depiction of Benjaminite leaders in Samuel.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Zebadiah, Arad, and Adaar.
- And Zebadiah and Arad and Eder.
1 C.8.16 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ומיכאל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וישפה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויוחא: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- בריעה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 8:15 (structural): Immediate neighboring verse within the same genealogical block listing other sons of Beriah — part of the same verse group and sequence of names.
- 1 Chronicles 9:4-10 (structural): Chapter 9 largely reprises and reorganizes the Benjamite genealogies found in chapter 8; many names and family-lines overlap with the list that includes the sons of Beriah.
- Numbers 26:38-41 (thematic): Census listing of the families of Benjamin in the wilderness tradition — a parallel attestation of Benjaminite family divisions and names underlying later Chronicles genealogies.
- Genesis 46:21 (thematic): The original patriarchal list of Benjamin’s sons in Jacob’s household; serves as the foundational genealogy from which later tribal and clan lists (as in Chronicles) develop.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Michael, Jishpeh, and Joha were sons of Beriah.
- And Michael and Ishpah and Joha, sons of Beriah.
1 C.8.17 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- וזבדיה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ומשלם: CONJ+VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- וחזקי: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וחבר: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,sg
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:8 (verbal): Reiterates the Benjamite genealogies and repeats several of the same personal names (e.g., Meshullam), showing a direct verbal/structural parallel to the list in 1 Chronicles 8.
- Ezra 2:5 (verbal): Part of the postexilic list of returning families; many Benjamite names (variants of Zebadiah/Zabdiah, Meshullam, etc.) reappear here, attesting continuity of these clan names.
- Nehemiah 11:7 (thematic): Lists inhabitants/households drawn from Benjamin for the repopulation of Jerusalem; parallels 1 Chronicles 8 thematically by recording the same tribal/clan identity and some corresponding names.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Zebadiah, Meshlem, Chizki, and Cheber.
- And Zebadiah and Meshlem and Hezeki and Heber.
1 C.8.18 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- וישמרי: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויזליאה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויובב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- אלפעל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 8:17 (verbal): Immediate context: the surrounding verses list the same Benjamite family and sequence of names; 8:18 is part of this contiguous verbal genealogy.
- 1 Chronicles 8:19 (verbal): Directly continues the genealogical register of the sons and descendants of Elpaal and related families, showing the same clan line in sequence.
- 1 Chronicles 9:6–10 (structural): Chapter 9 largely reprises and reorganizes the genealogical material of chapter 8 (Benjaminite families and dwelling lists); these verses present the same clan-line traditions in a different context (post‑exilic residence in Jerusalem).
- Genesis 46:21 (thematic): Genesis gives the earlier, foundational list of Benjamin’s descendants; Chronicles expands that ancestral stock into later clan and household names (such as Elpaal and his sons), showing continuity with the patriarchal genealogy.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Ishmeri, Izliah, and Jobab were sons of Elpaal.
- And Jishmeri and Jeziel and Jobab, sons of Elpaal.
1 C.8.19 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ויקים: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וזכרי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וזבדי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 8:1-40 (structural): This verse is part of the Benjamite genealogy; the entire chapter contains the fuller genealogical sequence in which these names occur.
- 1 Chronicles 9:35-44 (verbal): A closely related Benjamite list is repeated/reshaped in 1 Chronicles 9 (the postexilic registries), showing the same tribal lines and many of the same names.
- Ezra 2:20-23 (thematic): Ezra’s list of returnees includes families and clans of Benjamin; thematically it parallels Chronicles’ preservation of Benjamite genealogies for postexilic identity.
- Nehemiah 11:7-9 (thematic): Nehemiah’s list of inhabitants/settlers of Jerusalem includes Benjamite clans and functions as a parallel record to Chronicles’ enumeration of Benjaminite families.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Jekim, Zichri, and Zabdi.
- And Ekem and Zechariah and Zabdiel.
1 C.8.20 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ואליעני: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וצלתי: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,1,?,sg
- ואליאל: CONJ,PN,m,sg
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:1–44 (structural): Chapter 9 largely repeats the Benjaminite genealogy found in 1 Chronicles 8, reproducing many of the same names and clan lines (verbal/structural duplication).
- Genesis 46:21 (thematic): Genesis lists the original sons of Benjamin, providing the ancestral framework behind later tribal and clan lists such as those in Chronicles.
- Judges 20–21 (thematic): The narrative depiction of the Benjamite tribe, its cities (e.g., Gibeah), and internal divisions supplies the historical and social context for the genealogical lists in Chronicles.
- Nehemiah 11:1–2 (allusion): Postexilic lists of inhabitants and resettled families (including Benjaminite groups) reflect the same concern with tracing tribal/clan identity found in the Chronicler’s genealogy.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Elihari, Zelek, and Eliel.
- And Elienai and Tallet and Eliel.
1 C.8.21 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ועדיה: CONJ+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ובראיה: CONJ+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ושמרת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- שמעי: NOUN,m,sg,prop
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:5-10 (verbal): A parallel genealogical listing of the Benjamite families that largely repeats and expands the names found in 1 Chronicles 8 (duplication of genealogical material within Chronicles).
- Genesis 46:21 (thematic): Earliest patriarchal list of Benjamin’s descendants (Bela, Becher, Ashbel, etc.), providing the foundational genealogy from which later Benjamite lists in Chronicles derive.
- Numbers 26:38-41 (thematic): Tribal census listing the families/descendants of Benjamin during the wilderness period; thematically related as another authoritative record of Benjamite lineage.
- Ezra 2:4 (cf. Nehemiah 7:7) (structural): Post‑exilic roster of returnees that preserves Benjamite family names and reflects the continued interest in and preservation of genealogical rolls also evident in Chronicles (structural parallel in maintaining tribal records).
Alternative generated candidates
- And Adaiah, Beriah, and Shemariah were sons of Shemaiah.
- And Uddiah and Beriah and Sheret, sons of Shemai.
1 C.8.22 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- וישפן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועבר: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- ואליאל: CONJ,PN,m,sg
Parallels
- 1 Chr. 8:21 (structural): Immediate neighboring line in the same Benjaminite genealogy; these verses form a contiguous list of personal names (Yishpan, Avar, Aliel) within the chapter’s roll call.
- 1 Chr. 9:7-8 (verbal): Repetition of the Benjaminite genealogical material found in 1 Chronicles 8; the names and sequence of descendants are largely echoed in the parallel genealogical summary in chapter 9.
- Ezra 2:22 (thematic): Part of the returned exiles’ lists that enumerate families and heads of the tribe of Benjamin; thematically parallels the Old Testament interest in Benjaminite genealogies and names.
- Nehemiah 7:6 (thematic): Nehemiah’s registration reproduces the post-exilic census/genealogical material corresponding to tribal groupings (including Benjamin), reflecting the same concern for lineage and family lists as 1 Chronicles 8.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Jephunneh, Abner, and Eliel.
- And Shephan and Eber and Eliel.
1 C.8.23 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ועבדון: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וזכרי: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וחנן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:35–44 (verbal): Repetition/recapitulation of the Benjaminite genealogy found in ch. 8; many of the same personal names and family lines appear in the parallel list in ch. 9.
- 1 Samuel 9:1; 14:50–52 (structural): Samuel’s account of Saul’s family and the leading clans of Benjamin provides the same structural focus on Benjaminite households and prominent individuals that the genealogy in 1 Chronicles 8 names (context for names such as those listed in v. 23).
- Judges 12:13–15 (verbal): Contains the personal name Abdon (also found in 1 Chr 8:23 as וְעַבְדּוֹן/Abdon); an example of the same personal name occurring elsewhere in the historical/tribal lists, illustrating onomastic continuity.
- Ezra 2:20–23 (thematic): Postexilic returnee lists that, like the Chronicler’s genealogies, preserve tribal and family names of Benjaminite groups — a thematic parallel in the preservation and transmission of family/clan names.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Abdon, Zichri, and Hanan.
- And Abdon and Zechariah and Hanun.
1 C.8.24 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- וחנניה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועילם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וענתתיה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:35-44 (structural): The genealogy in 1 Chron 9 largely repeats the Benjaminite lists of ch.8; the same family‑names (with minor variations in spelling/order) recur here, showing a direct structural parallel.
- 1 Chronicles 8:23 (structural): Immediate parallel within the same chapter: the surrounding verses list the same cluster of Benjamite names, of which חנניה (Hananiah), עילם (Elam/Ilam) and ענתתיה (Anathoth/Anatoth) are a part.
- Jeremiah 1:1 (verbal): Uses the place‑name Anathoth (ענתות/Anathoth) as Jeremiah’s hometown; the same name appears in 1 Chr 8:24, linking the genealogical name to the well‑known Benjamite town in later prophetic literature.
- Jeremiah 32:7 (verbal): Refers to Anathoth in the context of Jeremiah’s family and land (Hanamel of Anathoth), highlighting the town‑name that also appears among the Benjamite names in 1 Chron 8:24.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Hananiah, Elam, and Anthothijah.
- And Hananiah and Elam and Anethoth.
1 C.8.25 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ויפדיה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ופנואל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- ששק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1Chr.9.40 (verbal): The genealogy of Benjamin is repeated in 1 Chronicles 9; many of the same personal names (including Penuel and related family lines) appear, showing a direct verbal parallel in the lists.
- 1Chr.8.24 (structural): Immediate context in the same chapter: surrounding verses (8:24–26) continue the same family list, so verse 8:25 functions as part of the chapter's internal, structural genealogy.
- Gen.32.30 (verbal): The name Penuel (Penuel/Panuel) occurs elsewhere as the theophoric place-name where Jacob wrestled with God (‘face of God’); here the same root/name appears as a personal name, an onomastic parallel.
- Jer.25.26 (allusion): The name Sheshach (a cryptic form used for Babylon) resembles the personal name Shashak/Sheshak in 1 Chronicles 8:25; while not the same referent, the similarity is an onomastic/allusive connection in biblical naming.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Iphdeiah and Penuel were sons of Shashak.
- And Jiphdeiah and Peniel, sons of Shashak.
1 C.8.26 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ושמשרי: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ושחריה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועתליה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:44 (structural): Chapter 9 largely duplicates the Benjamite genealogies of chapter 8; the same sequence of family names is repeated as part of the resumed genealogical record.
- Genesis 46:21 (thematic): Lists the original sons of Benjamin (the tribe's ancestral heads), providing the foundational genealogy that later Chronicles expands into detailed clan lists.
- Numbers 26:38 (thematic): The tribal census of Benjamin enumerates family groups and clans—an earlier canonical example of the genealogical/clan listings that Chronicles preserves and extends.
- 1 Samuel 9:1 (allusion): Introduces Kish of the tribe of Benjamin and the prominence of Benjamite families; thematically connected to the genealogical material in 1 Chronicles that situates notable Benjamite lineages.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Shamsher, Shachariah, and Attaliah.
- And Shemshai and Shechariah and Athaliah.
1 C.8.27 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ויערשיה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואליה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וזכרי: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- ירחם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:35–41 (structural): The Benjaminite genealogies in 1 Chronicles 9 largely duplicate those in ch. 8; the descendants of Jerahmeel (including the same son-names) are repeated here, showing a parallel listing of the clan.
- 1 Chronicles 2:9–10 (thematic): Earlier listing of Hezron’s descendants where Jerahmeel is first introduced as an ancestor; provides the genealogical origin of the Jerahmeel family named in 1 Chr 8:27.
- 1 Chronicles 8:24–29 (verbal): Immediate context within the same chapter enumerates siblings and fellow descendants of Jerahmeel; verse 8:27 is part of this contiguous name-listing of his sons (Jaresiah, Eliah, Zichri).
Alternative generated candidates
- And Yaarasya, Eliah, and Zichri were sons of Jerachmeel.
- And Yareshiah and Eli and Zechariah, sons of Jerachmeel.
1 C.8.28 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- אלה: DEM,pl,abs
- ראשי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,1,sg
- אבות: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- לתלדותם: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ראשים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אלה: DEM,pl,abs
- ישבו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- בירושלם: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:3 (verbal): Repeats the genealogical material about Benjaminine families and explicitly states that the heads of the fathers' households dwelt in Jerusalem (parallel list and phrasing).
- Nehemiah 11:1 (verbal): States that the leaders/heads of the people dwelt in Jerusalem—a similar formulation about chiefs/residents of Jerusalem and the settlement of leaders in the city.
- Ezra 2:2 (thematic): A postexilic register naming the heads of families who returned and settled—parallels the chronicler’s emphasis on heads of households and residence in Jerusalem.
- 2 Samuel 5:6-10 (structural): Describes David’s capture and establishment of Jerusalem as the city of David; provides the historical-theological background for why clan heads would be resident there.
Alternative generated candidates
- These were the heads of their ancestral houses by their generations; these lived in Jerusalem.
- These are the chiefs of their generations, heads; these dwelt in Jerusalem.
1 C.8.29 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ובגבעון: CONJ+PREP,NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ישבו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- אבי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- גבעון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ושם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשתו: NOUN,f,sg,cs+3,m,sg
- מעכה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:35–36 (structural): The genealogy in 1 Chronicles 9 largely repeats material from ch. 8; these verses mirror the listing of Benjaminite families and references to residents at Gibeon (a parallel genealogical/locational record).
- Joshua 9:3–15 (thematic): Narrative account of the Gibeonites deceiving Israel and making a treaty—connects to the broader theme of inhabitants of Gibeon and their special status within Israelite history.
- Joshua 21:17–18 (structural): Lists Gibeon among the towns given to the Levites (and as a priestly city), providing background on Gibeon as an inhabited and administratively significant location referenced in the genealogy.
- 2 Samuel 21:1–9 (thematic): Relates the Gibeonites to a historical covenant and a later bloodguilt incident involving Saul’s house; highlights the continuing presence and legal/historical importance of Gibeon’s inhabitants in Israel’s history.
Alternative generated candidates
- And at Gibeon lived Gibeon’s father, whose wife’s name was Maacah.
- And at Gibeon lived Ahijah of Gibeon and his wife Maacah.
1 C.8.30 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ובנו: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
- הבכור: NOUN,m,sg,def
- עבדון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וצור: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וקיש: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ובעל: CONJ+NOUN,prop,m,sg
- ונדב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chr 9:39 (structural): Parallel genealogical listing — repeats the same sequence of names (Abdon, Zur, Kish, Baal, Nadab) in the corresponding benjamite genealogy in chapter 9.
- 1 Sam 9:1 (verbal): Shares the name Kish (קיש) — Kish later appears as the father of Saul, linking this personal name to the broader Benjamite lineage.
- 1 Sam 14:51 (thematic): References Kish as Saul’s father and situates him in Benjamin’s genealogy, thematically connecting the same family-line names found in 1 Chronicles 8:30.
Alternative generated candidates
- And his firstborn was Abdon; then Zur, Kish, Baal, and Nadab.
- And his firstborn son was Abdon; and the next, Zur; Kish, Baal, and Nadab.
1 C.8.31 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- וגדור: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- וזכר: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:39 (verbal): Repetition of the Benjaminite genealogies found in 1 Chronicles 8 — many of the same names and family connections are listed again.
- Genesis 46:21 (thematic): Genesis gives the original list of Benjamin’s sons and clans; Chronicles echoes and expands Israelite tribal genealogies derived from these ancestral lists.
- Numbers 26:38-41 (thematic): The tribal census enumerates the families of Benjamin, paralleling Chronicles’ concern to record Benjaminite lineage and clan names.
- 1 Samuel 9:1-2 (thematic): Background on prominent Benjaminite lineage (Kish, father of Saul) — Chronicles’ genealogies provide the tribal context for such notable Benjaminite figures.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Gedor and his brothers, and Zechar.
- And Gedor and his brothers, and Zechariah.
1 C.8.32 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ומקלות: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- הוליד: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- שמאה: NOUN,prop,sg,m
- ואף: CONJ+ADV
- המה: PRON,3,m,pl
- נגד: PREP
- אחיהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs,suff,3,m,pl
- ישבו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- בירושלם: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- עם: PREP
- אחיהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs,suff,3,m,pl
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:36 (verbal): Direct parallel/duplicate entry in Chronicles: repeats that Maacah/Makloth begot Shema and that they dwelt in Jerusalem with their brethren.
- 1 Chronicles 9:35 (structural): Adjacent verse in the mirrored genealogical list in 1 Chronicles 9; part of the same resumed genealogy of Benjamin and the settlement of its families in Jerusalem.
- Genesis 46:21 (thematic): Earlier patriarchal genealogy of Benjamin's descendants; provides the ancestral backdrop for later Benjaminite lists in Chronicles.
- Nehemiah 11:7 (thematic): Describes members of Benjamin living in Jerusalem after the return, echoing the theme of Benjaminite families dwelling in the city with their brethren.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Makir fathered Shemaiah; now these opposed their brothers and dwelt in Jerusalem with their kinsmen.
- And Maklat begot Shema; these also lived opposite their brothers in Jerusalem with their kin.
1 C.8.33 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ונר: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- הוליד: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- קיש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וקיש: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הוליד: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- שאול: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ושאול: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הוליד: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- יהונתן: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- מלכי: NOUN,pl,m,cons
- שוע: NOUN,prop,f,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- אבינדב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- אשבעל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Samuel 9:1-2 (verbal): Introduces Kish of the tribe of Benjamin and Saul as Kish’s son, providing the immediate background to the genealogy (names Kish and Saul).
- 1 Samuel 14:49 (verbal): Gives a parallel list of Saul’s sons—Jonathan, Malchi‑shua, Abinadab, and Esh‑baal—matching the names recorded in 1 Chronicles 8:33.
- 1 Chronicles 9:39 (structural): A near‑duplicate genealogical entry elsewhere in Chronicles that reproduces the same sequence Ner → Kish → Saul and the same list of Saul’s sons.
- 2 Samuel 2:8–10 (thematic): Refers to the house of Saul and names Saul’s sons (notably Jonathan and Ish‑bosheth/Esh‑baal), connecting the genealogical names to the political narrative following Saul’s death.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Ner fathered Kish, and Kish fathered Saul; and Saul fathered Jonathan, Malchi-shua, Abinadab, and Eshbaal.
- And Ner begot Kish; and Kish begot Saul. Saul fathered Jonathan, Malchishua, Abinadab, and Eshbaal.
1 C.8.34 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ובן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהונתן: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מריב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בעל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ומריב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בעל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הוליד: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- מיכה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:40 (verbal): Duplicate genealogy in 1 Chronicles repeating 'Merib-baal begot Micah' (parallel wording and genealogy).
- 2 Samuel 4:4 (allusion): Mentions Jonathan's son (Mephibosheth), traditionally identified with Merib‑baal in Chronicles — connects to Jonathan's descendants.
- 2 Samuel 9:6-8 (thematic): David inquires after and shows kindness to Jonathan's surviving son (Mephibosheth), reflecting the significance of Jonathan's lineage noted in Chronicles.
- 1 Samuel 14:49 (structural): Lists Saul's sons including Jonathan, providing the broader family context for Jonathan's descendants recorded in 1 Chronicles 8:34.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Jonathan’s son Merib-baal; Merib-baal fathered Micah.
- And the son of Jonathan was Merib‑baal; and Merib‑baal fathered Micah.
1 C.8.35 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ובני: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- מיכה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- פיתון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ומלך: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ותארע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואחז: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:39 (verbal): Parallel repetition of the same list of Micah’s sons (Pithon, Melech, Tareah/Tahrea, Ahaz) in the postexilic genealogical summary.
- 1 Chronicles 8:30-40 (structural): Immediate genealogical context within the chapter — this whole cluster records the descendants of Benjamin, of which v.35 is a part.
- Joshua 18:21-28 (thematic): Listing of the territory and clans of the tribe of Benjamin — thematically related as another biblical listing that organizes Benjamin’s families and settlements.
- Judges 17–18 (allusion): Contains a prominent figure named Micah and a clan/milieu narrative; not the same person but useful for onomastic comparison and study of Levite/tribal affiliations and clan names (Micah, sons/associates).
Alternative generated candidates
- And the sons of Micah were Pithon, Melech, Tahrea, and Ahaz.
- And the sons of Micah were Pithon, Melech, Tarea, and Ahaz.
1 C.8.36 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ואחז: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- הוליד: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- יהועדה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויהועדה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הוליד: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- עלמת: NOUN,prop,f,sg
- ואת: CONJ
- עזמות: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- זמרי: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- וזמרי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הוליד: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- מוצא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:43 (verbal): An almost identical genealogical listing appears here: Ahaz → Jehoadah → Alemeth, Azmaveth, Zimri; Zimri → Moza — the same sequence of names is repeated.
- 1 Chronicles 8:1-40 (structural): The verse belongs to the larger Benjamite genealogy in this section; the whole chapter presents the same genealogical framework and context for these names.
- Nehemiah 11:4-9 (thematic): A later postexilic roster of inhabitants/households in Jerusalem that similarly organizes people by clan and tribe (including Benjamin), reflecting the same genre and purpose of listing family lines and settlement.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Ahaz fathered Jehoadah; Jehoadah fathered Alemeth, Azmaveth, and Zimri; Zimri fathered Moza.
- And Ahaz fathered Jehuadah; and Jehuadah fathered Alemeth, Azmaveth, and Zimri; and Zimri fathered Moza.
1 C.8.37 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ומוצא: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הוליד: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- בנעא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- רפה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- אלעשה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- אצל: PREP
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:35-44 (verbal): Parallel genealogical list of Benjamite families in the post‑exilic register; many of the same personal names and family lines recur (near‑verbatim repetition of Benjamite genealogy).
- Numbers 26:38-41 (thematic): Census listing the clans and sons of Benjamin; an earlier tribal genealogy that provides the ancestral framework for later Chronicles lists.
- Genesis 46:21 (thematic): Jacob’s record of Benjamin’s sons who went to Egypt; an ancestral stage of the Benjaminite lineage echoed in Chronicles’ genealogical tradition.
- Judges 20:14-17 (structural): A tribal/clan enumeration of Benjamin’s fighting men and towns; thematically related as another Old Testament incidence of listing Benjamite clans and names for corporate identity and history.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Moza fathered Benaja; Benaja fathered Hathath; Hathath fathered Ezer.
- And Moza fathered Binea; Raphah his son; Eleasah his son; Azel his son.
1 C.8.38 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ולאצל: CONJ+NEG+PREP
- ששה: NUM,card,m,pl
- בנים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ואלה: CONJ+DEM,pl,abs
- שמותם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3mp
- עזריקם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בכרו: NOUN,3,m,sg,abs
- וישמעאל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ושעריה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועבדיה: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,f,sg
- וחנן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כל: DET
- אלה: DEM,pl,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- אצל: PREP
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:35-44 (verbal): Direct repetition of the Benjaminite genealogies found in 1 Chronicles 8; many of the same names and family-lines (including the line of Ezer) are reiterated in this later summary of families living in Jerusalem.
- Genesis 46:21 (verbal): An earlier patriarchal listing of Benjamin’s sons and descendants (the origin of the Benjaminite clans); provides the ancestral background for the clan-names that appear in 1 Chronicles 8.
- Numbers 26:38-41 (structural): The tribal/census listing of Benjamin’s families and clans in the wilderness census—parallel in genre and purpose to the genealogical enumeration in 1 Chronicles 8 (tracking clan identities and descent).
- Nehemiah 11:6-14 (thematic): Post‑exilic roster of inhabitants of Jerusalem that preserves Benjamite family-group names and reflects the same clan identities found in the Chronicles genealogies, showing continuity of these family lines in later lists.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Ezer had six sons; their names were Jediael his firstborn, Ishmaiah, Sheariah, Obadiah, and Hanan—these were the sons of Ezer.
- And there were six sons of Azel: their names—Azrikam his firstborn, Ishmael, Sheariah, Obadiah, and Hanan—all these were sons of Azel.
1 C.8.39 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ובני: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- עשק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אחיו: NOUN,3,m,sg,abs
- אולם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בכרו: NOUN,3,m,sg,abs
- יעוש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השני: ADJ,m,sg,def
- ואליפלט: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- השלשי: ADJ,m,sg,def
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:39 (verbal): The genealogy of Benjamin is repeated in ch. 9; the same personal names (Ulam, Ya'ush, Eliphelet, etc.) occur in the parallel list.
- 1 Samuel 9:1-2 (thematic): Introduces Saul’s family and status as a Benjamite, connecting the Benjamite genealogical material in Chronicles to the narrative context of Saul’s ancestry.
- Genesis 46:21 (thematic): Lists the sons of Benjamin in the patriarchal genealogies; provides an earlier ancestral framework for Benjamin’s tribal families invoked in Chronicles.
- 1 Chronicles 8:1 (structural): Chapter opening that frames the genealogy of Saul’s tribe (Benjamin); 8:39 is part of this larger structural presentation of Benjamite lineages.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the sons of Ishbak were Iyeush his firstborn, Eliphelet the second.
- And the sons of Eshek his brother: Ulam his firstborn, Jeush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
1 C.8.40 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהיו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- אולם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אנשים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- גברי: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- חיל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- דרכי: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,1,_,sg
- קשת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ומרבים: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- בנים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ובני: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- בנים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- מאה: NUM,f,sg,abs
- וחמשים: CONJ+NUM,card,pl,m
- כל: DET
- אלה: DEM,pl,abs
- מבני: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cs
- בנימן: NOUN,m,sg,proper
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:39 (verbal): Repeat of the Benjaminite genealogy — same mention of Ulam's sons as valiant men/archers and the numerical listing, reflecting parallel genealogical material in Chronicles.
- Judges 20:15-16 (thematic): Describes the fighting prowess of Benjamites (selected skilled warriors, left‑handed slingers/marksmen), paralleling the notice here that Benjamin produced mighty men and skilled archers.
- 1 Chronicles 12:2 (verbal): Lists Benjamite warriors who joined David; echoes the Chronicle’s language about Benjamin producing ‘mighty men’ and fighters skilled with the bow.
- Genesis 49:27 (allusion): Jacob’s blessing portrays Benjamin as a fierce/warrior tribe (‘a ravenous wolf’), providing a traditional backdrop for statements about Benjamin’s valiant fighters.
- 2 Samuel 23:8-39 (thematic): Catalogue of David’s ‘mighty men’ — thematically related as an Israelite tradition of listing elite warriors and celebrating martial prowess, comparable to the Benjamite valiant men in 1 Chronicles 8:40.
Alternative generated candidates
- All these were valiant men of Benjamin—men skilled with the bow, fathers of many sons and grandsons; their number of descendants was one hundred and fifty. All these were of the sons of Benjamin.
- And the sons of Ulam: men of might, skilful with the bow, mighty men of valour; they had many sons and grandsons, one hundred and fifty in all. All these were of the sons of Benjamin.
1 C.9.1 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- התיחשו: VERB,hitpael,perf,3,pl
- והנם: CONJ+DEM,3,m,pl
- כתובים: VERB,pual,ptcp,m,pl
- על: PREP
- ספר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלכי: NOUN,pl,m,cons
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויהודה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הגלו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
- לבבל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- במעלם: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
Parallels
- 2 Chronicles 36:20-21 (quotation): Directly parallels the account of Judah's exile to Babylon 'for their transgression' and the carrying away of the people; Chronicles provides the same theological explanation and outcome.
- 2 Kings 24:14-16 (verbal): Describes Nebuchadnezzar's deportations to Babylon and the removal of the king and people; echoes the historical event behind 'carried away to Babylon' and the royal annals reference.
- Ezra 2:59-63 (structural): Relates to the theme of names and genealogical records—lists of those who returned or could not prove descent—connecting to 1 Chr. 9:1's emphasis on who was 'written' in the records.
- Jeremiah 52:28-30 (thematic): Gives a summary of the deportations to Babylon (numbers and groups taken), corroborating the historical reality of the exile mentioned in 1 Chronicles 9:1.
Alternative generated candidates
- All Israel were reckoned; and they were written in the book of the kings of Israel and Judah, who were carried away to Babylon for their unfaithfulness.
- All Israel were reckoned, and they were written in the book of the kings of Israel and Judah who were carried away to Babylon because of their transgression.
Benjamin fathered Bela, his firstborn; Ashbel the second; Ahiram the third.
Nohah the fourth, and Repha the fifth.
The sons of Bela: Addar, Gera, and Abihud. And Abishua, Naaman, and Ahioch. And Gera, Shephuphan, and Huram.
These were the sons of Ehud; they were the heads of ancestral houses for the inhabitants of Gibeon, and they drove them out to Manahath.
Also Naaman, and Ahiah, and Gera the Gilonite; he fathered Uzzi and Ahihud. And Shucham fathered in the fields of Moab; from him were sent Hushim and Baara his wife. And from Hushim his wife he fathered Jobab, Zibia, Mesha, and Malcham. And Jaaz, Shekiah, and Maremah—these were his sons, heads of ancestral houses. And Makhsam fathered Abitub and Elpaal.
The sons of Elpaal were Eber, Misham, and Shemad; he built Ono, Lod, and their villages. And Berah and Shema—they were heads of ancestral houses for those who lived in Aijalon; they drove out the inhabitants of Gath. And their brothers: Shashak and Jerimoth. And Zebadiah, Arad, and Adar.
Michael, Jishpa, and Joha were the sons of Beriah.
Also Zebadiah, Meshullam, Hezki, and Habor. And Yishmeri, Yizliah, and Yobab were sons of Elpaal. And Jekim, Zichri, and Zabdi.
Eli'ani, Zeltai, and Eliel. And Adiah, Reaiah, and Shemareth—the sons of Shimei.
Jishpan, Eber, and Eliel. And Abdon, Zichri, and Hanan. And Hananiah, Elam, and Anathothai.
Yiphdeiah and Penuel were the sons of Sheshak. And Shemshai, Shachariah, and Attaliah. And Ye'arshiah, Eli, and Zichri were the sons of Jerahmeel.
These were the heads of their ancestral houses—leaders; these lived in Jerusalem. And in Gibeon dwelt Abijah of Gibeon, and the name of his wife was Maacah. And his firstborn: Abdon, Zur, Kish, Baal, and Nadab. And Gedor and his brothers, and Zacher.
Mekaloth fathered Shema; and they dwelt opposite their brothers in Jerusalem, with their kinsmen. And Ner fathered Kish; Kish fathered Saul; Saul fathered Jonathan, Malchi‑shuah, Abinadab, and Esh‑Baal.
The son of Jonathan was Merib‑baal, and Merib‑baal fathered Micah. And the sons of Micah: Pithon, Melech, Taarai, and Ahaz. And Ahaz fathered Jehoadah; Jehoadah fathered Alemeth, Azmaveth, and Zimri; and Zimri fathered Moza. And Moza fathered Binea; Raphah his son, Eleasah his son, Azel his son.
Azel had six sons; their names were Azrikam his firstborn, Ishmael, Sheariah, Obadiah, and Hanan—these were all the sons of Azel. And the sons of Eshek, his brother: Ulam his firstborn, Jeush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
The sons of Ulam were men of valor, archers; they had many sons and grandsons—one hundred and fifty in all. These were the sons of Benjamin.
All Israel were reckoned; they are written in the book of the kings of Israel and Judah—those who were exiled to Babylon for their transgression.