Boundaries and Towns of Judah

Joshua 15:1-63

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Genesis

The Creation of the World 1:1-2:3 The Creation of Man and Woman 2:4-25 The Fall of Man 3:1-24 Cain and Abel 4:1-26 From Adam to Noah 5:1-32 The Flood 6:1-8:22 God’s Covenant with Noah 9:1-17 Noah’s Drunkenness and Curse 9:18-29 Nations Descended from Noah 10:1-32 The Tower of Babel 11:1-9 From Shem to Abram 11:10-32 The Call of Abram 12:1-9 Abram in Egypt 12:10-20 Abram and Lot Separate 13:1-18 Abram Rescues Lot 14:1-24 God’s Covenant with Abram 15:1-21 Hagar and Ishmael 16:1-16 The Covenant of Circumcision 17:1-27 A Son Promised to Sarah 18:1-15 Abraham Intercedes for Sodom 18:16-33 The Destruction of Sodom 19:1-29 The Origin of Moab and Ammon 19:30-38 Abraham and Abimelech 20:1-18 The Birth of Isaac 21:1-7 Hagar and Ishmael Sent Away 21:8-21 A Treaty with Abimelech 21:22-34 The Sacrifice of Isaac 22:1-19 Nahor’s Children 22:20-24 The Death and Burial of Sarah 23:1-20 A Wife for Isaac 24:1-67 The Death of Abraham 25:1-11 Ishmael’s Descendants 25:12-18 Esau and Jacob 25:19-34 Isaac and Abimelech 26:1-35 Jacob Takes Esau’s Blessing 27:1-40 Jacob Sent to Paddan-aram 27:41-28:9 Jacob’s Dream at Bethel 28:10-22 Jacob Meets Rachel 29:1-14 Jacob Marries Leah and Rachel 29:15-30 The Children of Jacob 29:31-30:24 Jacob’s Prosperity 30:25-43 Jacob Flees from Laban 31:1-21 Jacob and Laban Make a Covenant 31:22-55 Jacob Prepares to Meet Esau 32:1-21 Jacob Wrestles with God 32:22-32 Jacob Meets Esau 33:1-20 Dinah and the Shechemites 34:1-31 God Blesses Jacob at Bethel 35:1-15 Deaths of Rachel and Isaac 35:16-29 Esau’s Descendants 36:1-30 The Kings of Edom 36:31-43 Joseph’s Dreams 37:1-11 Joseph Sold by His Brothers 37:12-36 Judah and Tamar 38:1-30 Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife 39:1-23 Joseph Interprets Dreams in Prison 40:1-23 Pharaoh’s Dreams 41:1-40 Joseph Rises to Power 41:41-57 Joseph’s Brothers Go to Egypt 42:1-38 Joseph’s Brothers Return with Benjamin 43:1-34 The Silver Cup 44:1-34 Joseph Reveals Himself 45:1-28 Jacob Goes to Egypt 46:1-47:12 Joseph and the Famine 47:13-31 Jacob Blesses Ephraim and Manasseh 48:1-22 Jacob Blesses His Sons 49:1-28 The Death and Burial of Jacob 49:29-50:14 Joseph Reassures His Brothers 50:15-21 The Death of Joseph 50:22-26

Exodus

Israel Increases in Egypt 1:1-22 The Birth of Moses 2:1-10 Moses Flees to Midian 2:11-25 The Burning Bush 3:1-22 Signs for Moses 4:1-17 Moses Returns to Egypt 4:18-31 Moses and Aaron Before Pharaoh 5:1-21 God Promises Deliverance 5:22-6:12 The Genealogy of Moses and Aaron 6:13-27 Moses and Aaron Sent to Pharaoh 6:28-7:7 Aaron’s Staff Becomes a Serpent 7:8-13 The First Plague: Water to Blood 7:14-24 The Second Plague: Frogs 7:25-8:15 The Third Plague: Gnats 8:16-19 The Fourth Plague: Flies 8:20-32 The Fifth Plague: Livestock Die 9:1-7 The Sixth Plague: Boils 9:8-12 The Seventh Plague: Hail 9:13-35 The Eighth Plague: Locusts 10:1-20 The Ninth Plague: Darkness 10:21-29 A Final Plague Threatened 11:1-10 The Passover 12:1-30 The Exodus 12:31-42 Passover Regulations 12:43-51 Consecration of the Firstborn 13:1-16 Crossing the Red Sea 13:17-14:31 The Song of Moses 15:1-21 Bitter Water Made Sweet 15:22-27 Manna from Heaven 16:1-36 Water from the Rock 17:1-7 Amalek Defeated 17:8-16 Jethro’s Advice 18:1-27 Israel at Mount Sinai 19:1-25 The Ten Commandments 20:1-21 Laws About Altars 20:22-21:1 Laws About Slaves 21:2-11 Laws About Personal Injuries 21:12-36 Laws About Restitution 22:1-15 Laws About Holiness 22:16-31 Laws About Justice 23:1-9 Sabbath Years and Weeks 23:10-13 The Three Feasts 23:14-19 The Angel and the Promises 23:20-33 The Covenant Confirmed 24:1-18 Contributions for the Sanctuary 25:1-9 The Ark of the Testimony 25:10-22 The Table for Bread 25:23-30 The Golden Lampstand 25:31-40 The Tabernacle 26:1-37 The Bronze Altar 27:1-8 The Court of the Tabernacle 27:9-19 Oil for the Lamp 27:20-21 The Priests’ Garments 28:1-5 The Ephod 28:6-14 The Breastpiece of Judgment 28:15-30 Other Priestly Garments 28:31-43 Consecration of the Priests 29:1-46 The Altar of Incense 30:1-10 The Census Tax 30:11-16 The Bronze Basin 30:17-21 The Anointing Oil 30:22-33 The Incense 30:34-38 Oholiab and Bezalel 31:1-11 The Sabbath Sign 31:12-18 The Golden Calf 32:1-33:6 The Tent of Meeting 33:7-11 Moses’ Intercession and God’s Glory 33:12-23 New Tablets and Covenant 34:1-28 The Shining Face of Moses 34:29-35 Sabbath Regulations 35:1-3 Freewill Offerings for the Tabernacle 35:4-29 Bezalel and Oholiab Set Apart 35:30-36:7 Making the Tabernacle 36:8-38 Making the Ark 37:1-9 Making the Table 37:10-16 Making the Lampstand 37:17-24 Making the Altar of Incense 37:25-29 Making the Bronze Altar 38:1-7 Making the Bronze Basin 38:8 Making the Court 38:9-20 Materials of the Tabernacle 38:21-31 Making the Priests’ Garments 39:1 The Ephod Made 39:2-7 The Breastpiece Made 39:8-21 Other Garments Made 39:22-31 The Work Completed 39:32-43 The Tabernacle Erected 40:1-33 The Glory Fills the Tabernacle 40:34-38

Numbers

The Census of Israel 1:1-54 Arrangement of the Camp 2:1-34 The Levites’ Duties 3:1-51 Kohathites’ Service 4:1-20 Gershonites’ Service 4:21-28 Merarites’ Service 4:29-33 Census of the Levites 4:34-49 Unclean Removed from Camp 5:1-4 Restitution for Wrongs 5:5-10 The Test for Adultery 5:11-31 The Nazirite Vow 6:1-21 The Priestly Blessing 6:22-27 Offerings of the Leaders 7:1-89 The Lamps 8:1-4 The Levites Consecrated 8:5-26 The Passover Celebrated 9:1-14 The Cloud Over the Tabernacle 9:15-23 The Silver Trumpets 10:1-10 Departure from Sinai 10:11-36 Complaint and Quail; Seventy Elders 11:1-35 Miriam and Aaron Oppose Moses 12:1-16 Spies Sent into Canaan 13:1-25 Report of the Spies 13:26-33 The People Rebel 14:1-45 Offerings and Firstfruits 15:1-21 Unintentional Sin and Presumptuous Sin 15:22-31 The Sabbath-Breaker 15:32-36 Tassels on Garments 15:37-41 Korah’s Rebellion 16:1-50 Aaron’s Staff Buds 17:1-13 Priests’ and Levites’ Duties 18:1-7 Portions for Priests and Levites 18:8-32 The Red Heifer 19:1-22 Water from the Rock at Meribah 20:1-13 Edom Refuses Passage 20:14-21 Aaron’s Death 20:22-29 Arad Defeated 21:1-3 The Bronze Serpent 21:4-9 Journeys in the Wilderness 21:10-20 Victories over Sihon and Og 21:21-35 Balaam Summoned 22:1-20 Balaam’s Donkey and the Angel 22:21-41 Balaam’s First Oracle 23:1-12 Balaam’s Second Oracle 23:13-26 Balaam’s Third Oracle 23:27-24:14 The Star out of Jacob 24:15-19 Balaam’s Final Sayings 24:20-25 Baal of Peor and Phinehas 25:1-18 The Second Census 26:1-65 Daughters of Zelophehad 27:1-11 Joshua Appointed 27:12-23 Daily Offerings 28:1-8 Sabbath Offerings 28:9-10 Monthly Offerings 28:11-15 Passover Offerings 28:16-25 Weeks (Firstfruits) Offerings 28:26-31 Trumpets Offerings 29:1-6 Day of Atonement Offerings 29:7-11 Booths Offerings 29:12-40 Vows 30:1-16 War with Midian—Spoils 31:1-24 Division of the Spoils 31:25-54 Reuben, Gad, and Half-Manasseh 32:1-42 Stages of Israel’s Journey 33:1-56 Boundaries of the Land 34:1-29 Levitical Cities 35:1-5 Cities of Refuge 35:6-34 Marriage of Zelophehad’s Daughters 36:1-13

Deuteronomy

Preamble and Setting 1:1-8 Leaders Appointed 1:9-18 Spies Sent 1:19-25 Rebellion and Judgment 1:26-46 Journey Through Edom, Moab, Ammon 2:1-23 Victory over Sihon 2:24-37 Victory over Og 3:1-11 Allotment East of Jordan 3:12-20 Moses Forbidden to Enter 3:21-29 Call to Obey 4:1-14 No Idols 4:15-31 The LORD Alone Is God 4:32-40 Cities of Refuge East 4:41-43 Introduction to the Law 4:44-49 The Ten Commandments Rehearsed 5:1-33 The Shema and Instruction 6:1-25 Warning Against the Nations 7:1-26 Do Not Forget the LORD 8:1-20 Not for Your Righteousness 9:1-6 Israel’s Rebellions Recounted 9:7-29 New Tablets; Ark 10:1-11 Fear the LORD 10:12-22 Love, Obey, Choose 11:1-32 The Place of Worship 12:1-32 False Prophets and Idolatry 13:1-18 Clean and Unclean Foods 14:1-21 Tithes 14:22-29 Sabbatical Year 15:1-11 Hebrew Slaves 15:12-18 Firstborn Animals 15:19-23 Passover 16:1-8 Weeks 16:9-12 Booths 16:13-17 Justice 16:18-20 Forbidden Worship 16:21-17:7 Difficult Cases 17:8-13 Laws for the King 17:14-20 Provision for Levites 18:1-8 Abominable Practices 18:9-13 A Prophet Like Moses 18:14-22 Cities of Refuge 19:1-14 Witnesses and Penalties 19:15-21 Rules for War 20:1-20 Unsolved Murder 21:1-9 Wives from War 21:10-14 Rights of the Firstborn 21:15-17 Rebellious Son 21:18-21 Various Laws 21:22-22:12 Laws of Chastity 22:13-30 Assembly Exclusions 23:1-8 Camp Purity 23:9-14 Various Laws Continued 23:15-25:19 Firstfruits and Tithes Confession 26:1-15 You Are the LORD’s People 26:16-19 Law on Stones and Altar 27:1-8 Curses Pronounced 27:9-26 Blessings for Obedience 28:1-14 Curses for Disobedience 28:15-68 Renewal in Moab 29:1-29 Choose Life 30:1-20 Joshua Commissioned 31:1-8 Public Reading of the Law 31:9-13 Moses’ Warning of Apostasy 31:14-29 The Song of Moses 31:30-32:47 Moses to Die on Nebo 32:48-52 Moses Blesses Israel 33:1-29 The Death of Moses 34:1-12

Joshua

Joshua Commissioned and Encouraged 1:1-18 Rahab Protects the Spies 2:1-24 Crossing the Jordan and Memorial Stones 3:1-4:24 Renewal at Gilgal: Circumcision and Passover 5:1-12 The Commander Appears and the Fall of Jericho 5:13-6:27 Defeat at Ai and Achan's Sin Revealed 7:1-26 The Capture and Destruction of Ai 8:1-29 Altar on Mount Ebal and the Law Proclaimed 8:30-35 The Gibeonite Deception and Treaty 9:1-27 Victory at Gibeon and the Long Day 10:1-15 Capture and Execution of the Five Kings 10:16-28 The Southern Campaign and Conquest of Cities 10:29-43 Defeat of the Northern Coalition and Hazor Destroyed 11:1-23 Lists of Kings Defeated East and West of the Jordan 12:1-24 Land Remaining to Be Possessed 13:1-7 Allotments East of the Jordan 13:8-33 Procedure for Distributing the Land and Levitical Cities 14:1-5 Caleb's Claim and Inheritance of Hebron 14:6-15 Boundaries and Towns of Judah 15:1-63 Ephraim and West Manasseh: Boundaries and Claims 16:1-17:18 Shiloh Established and the Land Surveyed 18:1-10 Territory and Towns of Benjamin 18:11-28 Territory of Simeon 19:1-9 Territory of Zebulun 19:10-16 Territory of Issachar 19:17-23 Territory of Asher 19:24-31 Territory of Naphtali 19:32-39 Territory of Dan 19:40-48 Completion of the Allotments and Joshua's Inheritance 19:49-51 Cities of Refuge Established 20:1-9 Levitical Cities and Their Holdings 21:1-45 The Eastern Tribes' Altar and the Reconciliation 22:1-34 Joshua's Farewell Exhortation and Warning 23:1-16 Renewal of the Covenant at Shechem 24:1-27 Death and Burial of Joshua and Eleazar 24:28-33

1 Samuel

Hannah's Prayer for a Son 1:1-20 Hannah Presents Samuel to the Lord 1:21-28 Hannah's Song of Praise 2:1-11 Eli's Corrupt Sons and Samuel's Childhood 2:12-26 Prophecy of Judgment on Eli's House 2:27-36 Samuel's Call and the Lord's Word to Eli 3:1-4:1 Israel Defeated and the Ark Captured 4:2-11 Eli's Death and the Birth of Ichabod 4:12-22 The Ark Brings Judgment in Philistine Cities 5:1-12 The Ark Returned to Israel 6:1-7:1 Samuel Judges Israel and Delivers Them at Mizpah 7:2-17 Israel Demands a King 8:1-22 Saul Chosen and Given Signs 9:1-10:8 Saul Proclaimed King by Lot 10:9-27 Saul's Victory at Jabesh-Gilead 11:1-11 Saul Confirmed as King at Gilgal 11:12-15 Samuel's Farewell and Exhortation to Israel 12:1-25 Saul's Unauthorized Sacrifice and Rebuke 13:1-15 Philistine Pressure and Israel's Lack of Arms 13:16-22 Jonathan's Bold Assault and Victory 13:23-14:14 Saul's Rash Oath and Its Consequences 14:15-23 Saul's Pursuit and Jonathan's Exploits 14:24-48 Saul's Family and Mighty Men 14:49-52 Saul's Disobedience and Rejection as King 15:1-35 David Anointed by Samuel 16:1-13 David Serves Saul and Eases His Torment 16:14-23 David and Goliath 17:1-58 David's Rise and Saul's Jealousy 18:1-30 Saul's Attempts on David's Life and Jonathan's Intervention 19:1-24 David and Jonathan's Covenant 20:1-42 David at Nob: Bread and Goliath's Sword 21:1-9 David Feigns Madness at Gath 21:10-15 David Gathers Followers and Seeks Priestly Aid 22:1-5 Massacre at Nob and Abiathar Joins David 22:6-23 David Delivers Keilah and Inquires of God 23:1-6 Saul's Pursuit, Ziphite Betrayal, and David's Escape 23:7-29 David Spares Saul in a Cave 24:1-22 Nabal's Folly and Abigail's Intervention 25:1-44 David Again Spares Saul in His Camp 26:1-25 David Seeks Refuge with Achish 27:1-12 Saul and the Witch of Endor 28:1-25 The Philistines Reject David 29:1-11 David Recovers His Family and Defeats the Amalekites 30:1-31 The Death of Saul and His Sons 31:1-13

2 Samuel

An Amalekite Reports Saul and Jonathan's Death 1:1-16 David's Lament for Saul and Jonathan 1:17-27 David Anointed King of Judah at Hebron 2:1-7 Ish‑Bosheth Made King; Civil War with David Begins 2:8-3:5 Abner Seeks Alliance with David 3:6-21 Joab Murders Abner; David's Protest and Mourning 3:22-39 Ish‑Bosheth Assassinated 4:1-12 David Anointed King over All Israel 5:1-5 David Captures Jerusalem and Establishes His House 5:6-16 David's Victories over the Philistines 5:17-25 Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem; Uzzah's Death and David's Joy 6:1-23 God's Covenant with David 7:1-17 David's Prayer of Thanksgiving for God's Promise 7:18-29 David's Military Victories 8:1-14 David's Officials and Mighty Men 8:15-18 David Shows Kindness to Mephibosheth 9:1-13 War with the Ammonites and Syrians 10:1-19 David and Bathsheba; the Death of Uriah 11:1-27 Nathan Rebukes David; Judgment and Aftermath 12:1-31 Amnon's Crime against Tamar 13:1-22 Absalom Kills Amnon and Flees 13:23-39 Joab Secures Absalom's Return and Reconciliation 14:1-33 Absalom's Conspiracy and Rise to Power 15:1-12 David Flees Jerusalem; Loyal Followers Accompany Him 15:13-37 Ziba Brings Provisions to David 16:1-4 Shimei Curses David as He Flees 16:5-14 Counsel in Absalom's Court; Ahithophel's Plan and Hushai's Counterplot 16:15-17:29 Battle in the Forest of Ephraim and Absalom's Death 18:1-18 Reports of Victory and David's Grief for Absalom 18:19-19:8 David's Return to Jerusalem; Reconciliation and Disputes 19:9-43 Sheba's Revolt and Its Suppression 20:1-26 Famine and the Gibeonites' Demand; Saul's Descendants Executed 21:1-14 David's Battles with the Philistines and the Valor of His Men 21:15-22 David's Song of Deliverance 22:1-51 David's Final Oracle 23:1-7 The Deeds of David's Mighty Warriors 23:8-39 David's Census and the Resulting Plague 24:1-17 David Purchases the Threshing Floor; Sacrifice and End of Plague 24:18-25

1 Kings

Adonijah Attempts to Seize the Throne 1:1-27 Solomon Anointed King 1:28-53 David's Charge to Solomon and Death 2:1-12 Solomon Consolidates His Power 2:13-46 Solomon's Request for Wisdom 3:1-15 Solomon's Wise Judgment 3:16-28 Solomon's Officials and Administrative Order 4:1-19 The Wealth and Prosperity of Israel 4:20-28 Solomon's Wisdom and Fame 4:29-34 Alliances and Preparations for the Temple 5:1-18 Solomon Builds the Temple 6:1-38 Solomon's Palace and Structural Works 7:1-12 Temple Furnishings and the Work of Hiram 7:13-51 The Ark Brought into the Temple 8:1-21 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication 8:22-61 The Dedication Celebrated with Sacrifice 8:62-66 God's Promise and Warning to Solomon 9:1-9 Solomon's Building Projects and Trade 9:10-28 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 10:1-13 The Wealth and Splendor of Solomon's Reign 10:14-29 Solomon's Foreign Wives and Apostasy 11:1-13 Adversaries Raised Against Solomon 11:14-25 Jeroboam's Call and the Promise of Division 11:26-40 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 11:41-43 Rehoboam's Folly and the Kingdom Divides 12:1-24 Jeroboam Establishes Golden Calves 12:25-33 Prophetic Rebuke at Bethel and Deception 13:1-34 Ahijah's Prophecy Against Jeroboam 14:1-20 Rehoboam's Unfaithfulness and Shishak's Invasion 14:21-31 Abijam's Short Reign in Judah 15:1-8 Asa's Reforms and Early Reign 15:9-24 Nadab's Reign and Baasha's Conspiracy 15:25-32 Baasha's Reign and Jehu's Prophecy 15:33-16:7 Elah Assassinated and Zimri's Usurpation 16:8-14 Zimri's Suicide and Omri's Rise to Power 16:15-20 Omri Establishes Samaria as Capital 16:21-28 Ahab and Jezebel Introduce Baal Worship 16:29-34 Elijah Announces the Drought and Is Fed by Ravens 17:1-6 Elijah in Zarephath: Provision and Resurrection 17:7-24 Elijah Confronts Ahab and Prepares for Confrontation 18:1-15 Elijah on Mount Carmel and the Fall of Baal's Prophets 18:16-46 Elijah Flees to Horeb and Is Renewed 19:1-9 God's Response to Elijah and New Commissions 19:10-18 The Call of Elisha 19:19-21 Ben‑hadad Besieges Samaria; Israel's Defiant Response 20:1-12 Israel's Victories Over Aram and Ahab's Mercy 20:13-34 A Prophet Enacts Judgment on the King 20:35-43 Naboth's Vineyard: Ahab and Jezebel's Crime and Punishment 21:1-29 Ahab and Jehoshaphat Seek Counsel; Micaiah's True Prophecy 22:1-28 Ahab Dies at Ramoth‑Gilead 22:29-40 Jehoshaphat's Reign in Judah 22:41-50 Ahaziah Succeeds Ahab and Does Evil 22:51-53

2 Kings

Ahaziah Seeks Counsel and Elijah’s Judgment 1:1-18 Elijah Taken Up; Elisha Succeeds 2:1-18 Elisha Purifies Jericho’s Water 2:19-22 Mockers of Elisha Mauled by Bears 2:23-25 Alliance Against Moab and Elisha’s Miracle 3:1-27 The Widow’s Oil Multiplied 4:1-7 Elisha Restores the Shunammite’s Son 4:8-37 Poisoned Stew Made Safe 4:38-41 Elisha Feeds a Hundred Men 4:42-44 Naaman Healed of Leprosy and Gehazi’s Greed 5:1-27 The Floating Axe Head 6:1-7 Elisha Foils the Aramean Raid 6:8-23 Famine Besieges Samaria 6:24-7:2 Arameans Flee; Samaria’s Deliverance 7:3-20 The Shunammite Restored to Her Land 8:1-6 Elisha Foretells Hazael’s Rise 8:7-15 Jehoram’s Reign in Israel 8:16-24 Ahaziah of Judah Ascends the Throne 8:25-29 Anointing of Jehu as King 9:1-13 Jehu Slays Joram and the House of Ahab 9:14-29 The Death of Jezebel 9:30-37 Jehu Executes Ahab’s Kin at Jezreel 10:1-17 Jehu Destroys Baal Worship 10:18-36 Joash Crowned; Athaliah Overthrown 11:1-21 Joash Repairs the Temple 12:1-21 Jehoahaz of Israel and Aramean Oppression 13:1-9 Jehoash of Israel and Elisha’s Final Acts 13:10-25 Amaziah of Judah: Victory and Pride 14:1-22 Jeroboam II Restores Israel’s Borders 14:23-29 Azariah (Uzziah) King of Judah 15:1-7 Zechariah’s Short Reign and Assassination 15:8-12 Shallum’s Brief Usurpation and Murder 15:13-16 Menahem’s Reign and Tribute to Assyria 15:17-22 Pekahiah Murdered; Pekah’s Conspiracy 15:23-26 Pekah Rules and Wars with Judah 15:27-31 Jotham King of Judah 15:32-38 Ahaz’s Reign and Submission to Assyria 16:1-20 Fall of Samaria and Israel’s Exile 17:1-6 Reasons for Israel’s Exile 17:7-23 Resettling Samaria and Syncretistic Worship 17:24-41 Hezekiah’s Reforms and Fortifications 18:1-16 Rabshakeh’s Taunts before Jerusalem 18:17-37 Hezekiah’s Plea and Isaiah’s Prophecy 19:1-13 Hezekiah’s Prayer of Surrender 19:14-19 The LORD Delivers Jerusalem from Sennacherib 19:20-37 Hezekiah’s Illness, Recovery, and the Sign 20:1-11 Hezekiah’s Pride and a Warning about Babylon 20:12-21 Manasseh’s Long, Wicked Reign 21:1-18 Amon’s Short Reign and Assassination 21:19-26 Josiah Finds the Book of the Law and Reforms 22:1-20 Josiah’s Covenant Renewal and Passover 23:1-30 Jehoahaz Deposed; Jehoiakim Installed by Egypt 23:31-35 Jehoiakim’s Reign and Babylonian Pressure 23:36-24:7 Jehoiachin’s Brief Reign and First Exile 24:8-17 Zedekiah Appointed as Babylon’s Vassal 24:18-19 Siege and Fall of Jerusalem; Destruction and Exile 24:20-25:26 Jehoiachin Released from Babylonian Prison 25:27-30

1 Chronicles

Genealogies from Adam to Abraham 1:1-27 The Descendants of Abraham 1:28-34 The Edomite Genealogies (Esau and Seir) 1:35-54 The Sons of Israel 2:1-2 The Genealogy and Families of Judah 2:3-55 David’s Descendants and the Royal Line 3:1-24 Judahite Families and Notable Descendants 4:1-23 The Families and Settlements of Simeon 4:24-43 Transjordanian Tribes and Their Chiefs 5:1-10 Wars and Settlements East of the Jordan 5:11-22 Loss of Territory and Exile East of the Jordan 5:23-26 The Levites: Genealogy and Temple Service 6:1-81 The Tribe of Issachar 7:1-5 A Register of Benjamin’s Households 7:6-12 A Brief Genealogical Note 7:13 The Tribe of Naphtali 7:14-19 The Tribe of Manasseh 7:20-29 The Tribe of Ephraim 7:30-40 The Genealogy of Benjamin (including Saul’s Line) 8:1-9:1 Resettlement of Jerusalem: Residents and Officials 9:2-34 Gatekeepers and Temple Servants in Jerusalem 9:35-44 The Death of Saul and the End of His House 10:1-14 David Anointed King over Israel 11:1-3 David Captures Jerusalem (Zion) 11:4-9 David’s Mighty Men and Warriors 11:10-47 Those Who Came to David at Hebron (Judah’s Support) 12:1-22 Israel’s Warriors Join David at Hebron 12:23-40 Bringing the Ark: Preparations and Uzzah’s Death 13:1-14 David’s Household and Philistine Submission 14:1-7 David’s Victories over the Philistines 14:8-17 Preparations for Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem 15:1-16:6 David Institutes Worship and a Song of Praise 16:7-43 God’s Covenant with David (Nathan’s Oracle) 17:1-15 David’s Prayer of Thanksgiving for the Covenant 17:16-27 David’s Military Victories and Tribute 18:1-13 David’s Officials and the Spoils of War 18:14-17 War with the Ammonites and Their Allies 19:1-19 The Campaign against Rabbah (Ammon) 20:1-3 Defeat of the Philistines and Their Champions 20:4-8 David’s Census, Plague, and Purchase of the Temple Site 21:1-22:1 David’s Preparations and Instructions for Solomon 22:2-19 David Organizes the Levites 23:1-6 Levitical Families and Their Heads 23:7-11 Age Regulations and Duties of the Levites 23:12-20 Assignments of Levites: Singers, Gatekeepers, Treasurers 23:21-32 Divisions of the Priests into Twenty‑Four Courses 24:1-19 Priestly Families and Their Cities 24:20-31 The Levitical Musicians and Their Organization 25:1-31 Gatekeepers and Their Lineages 26:1-19 Officials Responsible for Treasuries and Records 26:20-32 Military Divisions and Their Commanders 27:1-15 David’s Civil Officials and Overseers 27:16-24 Heads of the King’s Household and Provisions 27:25-34 David’s Charge to Solomon and the Temple Plan 28:1-21 The Nation’s Offerings for the Temple 29:1-9 David’s Prayer of Praise and Blessing for Solomon 29:10-20 David’s Final Acts and Organization of the Kingdom 29:21-25 The Death of David and Solomon’s Accession 29:26-30

2 Chronicles

Solomon's Sacrifice at Gibeon and Prayer for Wisdom 1:1-17 Solomon Secures Materials and Craftsmen for the Temple 2:1-18 The Temple: Foundation and Structure 3:1-17 Temple Furnishings and Completion of the Work 4:1-5:1 The Ark Installed and Solomon's Dedication Prayer 5:2-6:11 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication and God's Assurance 6:12-42 The Lord Fills the Temple and the Dedication Festival 7:1-10 God Appears to Solomon and Gives a Conditional Promise 7:11-22 Solomon's Other Buildings and Relations with Hiram 8:1-18 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 9:1-12 Solomon's Wealth, Trade, and Administration 9:13-28 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 9:29-31 Rehoboam's Folly and the Division of the Kingdom 10:1-11:4 Rehoboam Fortifies Judah and Consolidates Support 11:5-17 Rehoboam's Descendants and Death 11:18-23 Shishak's Invasion and Judah's Loss 12:1-16 Abijah's Victory over Israel and His Death 13:1-14:1 Asa's Reforms and Victory over Ethiopia 14:2-15 Asa Strengthened by Prophecy and Covenant Renewal 15:1-19 Asa's Alliance with Aram and Reproof by Hanani 16:1-14 Jehoshaphat Strengthens Judah and Reforms Justice 17:1-19 Jehoshaphat's Alliance with Ahab and the Battle at Ramoth-gilead 18:1-27 Jehu Rebukes Jehoshaphat for the Alliance with Ahab 18:28-19:3 Judicial Reforms: Judges Appointed to Administer Justice 19:4-11 Jehoshaphat's Deliverance through Prayer and Praise 20:1-30 End of Jehoshaphat's Reign and Jehoram's Accession 20:31-21:3 Jehoram's Wicked Reign, Revolts, and Judgment 21:4-20 Ahaziah Succeeds His Father and Is Wounded 22:1-9 Athaliah's Usurpation Overthrown and Joash Crowned 22:10-23:21 Joash's Temple Restoration under Jehoiada 24:1-16 Joash's Apostasy, Punishment, and Assassination 24:17-27 Amaziah's Reign: Victory, Pride, and Defeat by Israel 25:1-28 Uzziah's Prosperity and Pride; Leprosy for Presumption 26:1-23 Jotham's Reign: Fortifications and Prosperity 27:1-9 Ahaz's Idolatry, Defeats, and Assyrian Subjugation 28:1-27 Hezekiah's Temple Restoration and Religious Reforms 29:1-36 Hezekiah's Passover and National Repentance 30:1-31:1 Hezekiah's Religious Administration and Temple Support 31:2-21 Hezekiah's Defense Against Sennacherib and Divine Deliverance 32:1-23 Hezekiah's Illness, Pride, and the Babylonian Envoys 32:24-33 Manasseh's Idolatry, Captivity, Repentance, and Restoration 33:1-20 Amon's Wicked Reign and Assassination 33:21-25 Josiah's Early Reforms and Temple Repair 34:1-13 The Book of the Law Found, Huldah's Prophecy, and Josiah's Covenant 34:14-33 Josiah's Observance of the Passover 35:1-19 Josiah Killed at Megiddo and National Mourning 35:20-36:1 Jehoahaz Reigns Briefly and Is Deposed by Pharaoh 36:2-4 Jehoiakim's Reign and Disobedience 36:5-8 Jehoiachin's Short Reign and Exile to Babylon 36:9-10 Zedekiah's Reign and Rejection of Prophetic Warnings 36:11-14 Judgment, Exile, and the Decree of Cyrus 36:15-23

Psalm

Psalms 1–2 1:1-2:12 Psalms 3–8 3:1-8 Psalms 4–8 4:1-8 Psalms 5–12 5:1-12 Psalms 6–10 6:1-10 Psalms 7–17 7:1-17 Psalms 8–9 8:1-9 Psalms 9–10 9:1-10:18 Psalms 11–7 11:1-7 Psalms 12–8 12:1-8 Psalms 13–6 13:1-6 Psalms 14–7 14:1-7 Psalms 15–5 15:1-5 Psalms 16–11 16:1-11 Psalms 17–15 17:1-15 Psalms 18–50 18:1-50 Psalms 19–14 19:1-14 Psalms 20–9 20:1-9 Psalms 21–13 21:1-13 Psalms 22–31 22:1-31 Psalms 23–6 23:1-6 Psalms 24–10 24:1-10 Psalms 25–22 25:1-22 Psalms 26–12 26:1-12 Psalms 27–14 27:1-14 Psalms 28–9 28:1-9 Psalms 29–11 29:1-11 Psalms 30–12 30:1-12 Psalms 31–24 31:1-24 Psalms 32–33 32:1-33:22 Psalms 34–22 34:1-22 Psalms 35–28 35:1-28 Psalms 36–12 36:1-12 Psalms 37–40 37:1-40 Psalms 38–22 38:1-22 Psalms 39–13 39:1-13 Psalms 40–17 40:1-17 Psalms 41–13 41:1-13 Psalms 42–43 42:1-43:5 Psalms 44–26 44:1-26 Psalms 45–17 45:1-17 Psalms 46–11 46:1-11 Psalms 47–9 47:1-9 Psalms 48–14 48:1-14 Psalms 49–20 49:1-20 Psalms 50–23 50:1-23 Psalms 51–19 51:1-19 Psalms 52–9 52:1-9 Psalms 53–6 53:1-6 Psalms 54–7 54:1-7 Psalms 55–23 55:1-23 Psalms 56–13 56:1-13 Psalms 57–11 57:1-11 Psalms 58–11 58:1-11 Psalms 59–17 59:1-17 Psalms 60–12 60:1-12 Psalms 61–8 61:1-8 Psalms 62–12 62:1-12 Psalms 63–11 63:1-11 Psalms 64–10 64:1-10 Psalms 65–13 65:1-13 Psalms 66–20 66:1-20 Psalms 67–7 67:1-7 Psalms 68–35 68:1-35 Psalms 69–36 69:1-36 Psalms 70–71 70:1-71:24 Psalms 72–20 72:1-20 Psalms 73–28 73:1-28 Psalms 74–23 74:1-23 Psalms 75–10 75:1-10 Psalms 76–12 76:1-12 Psalms 77–20 77:1-20 Psalms 78–72 78:1-72 Psalms 79–13 79:1-13 Psalms 80–19 80:1-19 Psalms 81–16 81:1-16 Psalms 82–8 82:1-8 Psalms 83–18 83:1-18 Psalms 84–12 84:1-12 Psalms 85–13 85:1-13 Psalms 86–17 86:1-17 Psalms 87–7 87:1-7 Psalms 88–18 88:1-18 Psalms 89–52 89:1-52 Psalms 90–91 90:1-91:16 Psalms 92–97 92:1-97:12 Psalms 98–99 98:1-99:9 Psalms 100–5 100:1-5 Psalms 101–8 101:1-8 Psalms 102–28 102:1-28 Psalms 103–106 103:1-106:48 Psalms 107–43 107:1-43 Psalms 108–13 108:1-13 Psalms 109–31 109:1-31 Psalms 110–118 110:1-118:29 Psalms 119–8 119:1-8 Psalms 119–16 119:9-16 Psalms 119–24 119:17-24 Psalms 119–32 119:25-32 Psalms 119–40 119:33-40 Psalms 119–48 119:41-48 Psalms 119–56 119:49-56 Psalms 119–64 119:57-64 Psalms 119–72 119:65-72 Psalms 119–80 119:73-80 Psalms 119–88 119:81-88 Psalms 119–176 119:89-176 Psalms 119–104 119:96-104 Psalms 119–112 119:105-112 Psalms 119–120 119:113-120 Psalms 119–128 119:121-128 Psalms 119–136 119:129-136 Psalms 119–144 119:137-144 Psalms 119–152 119:145-152 Psalms 119–160 119:153-160 Psalms 119–168 119:161-168 Psalms 119–176 119:169-176 Psalms 120–7 120:1-7 Psalms 121–8 121:1-8 Psalms 122–9 122:1-9 Psalms 123–4 123:1-4 Psalms 124–8 124:1-8 Psalms 125–5 125:1-5 Psalms 126–6 126:1-6 Psalms 127–5 127:1-5 Psalms 128–6 128:1-6 Psalms 129–8 129:1-8 Psalms 130–8 130:1-8 Psalms 131–3 131:1-3 Psalms 132–18 132:1-18 Psalms 133–3 133:1-3 Psalms 134–137 134:1-137:9 Psalms 138–8 138:1-8 Psalms 139–24 139:1-24 Psalms 140–13 140:1-13 Psalms 141–10 141:1-10 Psalms 142–7 142:1-7 Psalms 143–12 143:1-12 Psalms 144–15 144:1-15 Psalms 145–150 145:1-150:6

Proverbs

Introduction: The Purpose of Proverbs and the Fear of the Lord 1:1-7 Warning Against Enticement by Sinners 1:8-19 Wisdom's Public Call and the Folly of Rejection 1:20-33 The Value of Wisdom and Its Protection 2:1-22 Trusting God and Walking in Wisdom 3:1-35 A Father's Exhortation to Hold Fast to Wisdom 4:1-27 Warning Against Adultery and a Call to Fidelity 5:1-23 Warnings: Surety, Laziness, and Wickedness 6:1-19 Obey Parental Commands and the Dangers of Adultery 6:20-35 The Example of a Young Man Seduced 7:1-27 Wisdom's Proclamation and Blessings 8:1-36 Contrasting Invitations of Wisdom and Folly 9:1-18 Solomon's Proverbs: Contrasts of Righteousness and Folly 10:1-32 Proverbs on Justice, Integrity, and Righteous Living 11:1-31 Wise Conduct, Diligence, and Righteous Speech 12:1-28 Discipline, Wealth, and the Wise Child 13:1-25 Sayings on Wisdom, Folly, and the Fear of the Lord 14:1-35 The Power of Speech and the Benefits of Wisdom 15:1-33 God's Sovereignty Over Human Plans 16:1-33 Relations and Righteousness: Peace, Speech, and Integrity 17:1-28 The Power of Words and the Nature of Companionship 18:1-24 Advice on Wealth, Conduct, and Discipline 19:1-29 Counsel, Justice, and Warnings Against Excess 20:1-30 Divine Sovereignty, Justice, and the King's Role 21:1-31 Reputation, Generosity, and Child Discipline 22:1-16 Sayings of the Wise: Practical Moral Instruction 22:17-24:34 Solomon's Proverbs on Restraint and Leadership 25:1-28 Folly and Foolish Behavior in Speech and Deeds 26:1-28 Friendship, Counsel, and Practical Wisdom for Life 27:1-27 Justice, Righteousness, and the Results of Rebellion 28:1-28 Discipline, Leadership, and Social Order 29:1-27 The Sayings of Agur: Humility and Observations 30:1-33 Advice to King Lemuel and the Virtuous Woman 31:1-31

Isaiah

Judah's Rebellion and Call to Repentance 1:1-31 The Mountain of the Lord and the Nations' Hope 2:1-6 Judgment on Arrogance and Idolatry 2:7-22 Judgment on Jerusalem's Leaders and Social Order 3:1-4:1 The Branch and the Renewal of Zion 4:2-6 The Song of the Vineyard: Israel's Failure 5:1-7 Woes to Israel and Coming Judgment 5:8-30 Isaiah's Vision and Commission 6:1-13 Ahaz, the Immanuel Sign, and Invasion 7:1-25 The Sign of Plunder and a Call to Courage 8:1-10 Trust the Lord, Not Alliances or Diviners 8:11-22 A Child Is Born: Promise of Peace 9:1-7 Israel's Arrogance and Coming Punishment 9:8-10:4 Assyria: Instrument of Judgment and Its Doom 10:5-19 The Remnant and the Fall of Assyria 10:20-34 The Righteous Branch and the Peaceable Kingdom 11:1-16 A Song of Praise for God's Salvation 12:1-6 Babylon's Doom and the Day of the Lord 13:1-14:23 God's Decree: Assyria Overthrown 14:24-27 Oracle Concerning Philistia and Promise to Zion 14:28-32 Lament for Moab 15:1-16:14 Judgment on Damascus and Northern Israel 17:1-14 A Message to Cush (Ethiopia) 18:1-7 Judgment on Egypt and Future Salvation 19:1-25 Isaiah's Sign against Egypt and Cush 20:1-6 Prophecy of Babylon's Fall (The Watchman's Report) 21:1-10 Oracle concerning Dumah: The Night Watchman's Lament 21:11-12 Oracle Against Arabia (Dedan and Kedar) 21:13-17 The Valley of Vision: Jerusalem's Fall and Leadership Change 22:1-25 Tyre's Fall and Future Restoration 23:1-18 The Lord's Universal Judgment and Final Reign 24:1-23 Praise for God's Triumph and Deliverance 25:1-12 Trust in God and Hope for Deliverance 26:1-21 The Slaying of Leviathan and Israel's Restoration 27:1-13 Woe to Ephraim and Judah: Drunkenness and Judgment 28:1-29 Woe to Ariel (Jerusalem) and Promise of Enlightenment 29:1-24 Rebuke for Seeking Egypt's Help; Call to Trust the Lord 30:1-33 Egypt Is No Help; The Lord Will Save Jerusalem 31:1-9 A Righteous King and Just Leadership 32:1-8 Call to Repentance and Promise of Renewal 32:9-20 A Plea for Deliverance and the Lord's Judgment 33:1-24 The Lord's Vengeance on the Nations (Edom) 34:1-17 The Glorious Restoration of the Redeemed 35:1-10 Sennacherib's Siege and Rabshakeh's Taunt 36:1-22 Hezekiah Seeks Isaiah; Rabshakeh's Threat 37:1-13 Hezekiah's Prayer and Isaiah's Assurance 37:14-20 God Delivers Jerusalem and Sennacherib's Defeat 37:21-38 Hezekiah's Illness, Prayer, and Recovery 38:1-22 Babylonian Envoys and the Announcement of Exile 39:1-8 Comfort for Zion and the Majesty of God 40:1-31 God Defends Israel Against the Nations and Idols 41:1-29 The Servant of the Lord: Covenant and Mission 42:1-9 A Call to Praise and God's Guidance for the Blind 42:10-17 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Resulting Judgment 42:18-25 Israel Redeemed: God's Sovereign Deliverer 43:1-13 The Lord Proclaims Redemption and Rebukes Israel 43:14-28 Israel Chosen and Blessed by the Spirit 44:1-5 The Folly of Idols and God's Uniqueness 44:6-23 God the Creator and the Call of Cyrus for Israel's Restoration 44:24-45:25 The God Who Carries and Redeems: Yahweh's Sovereignty over Idols 46:1-13 The Humbling of Babylon the Mistress 47:1-15 Israel's Stubbornness and God's Resolute Purpose 48:1-11 God's Sovereign 'I Am' and Call to Return 48:12-22 The Servant's Commission to Restore Israel and the Nations 49:1-8 Restoration and Promise to Gather Israel 49:9-26 The Servant's Suffering and Israel's Rejection 50:1-11 Comfort for Zion: Remember Abraham; God's Salvation 51:1-16 Awakening of Zion and Proclamation of Salvation 51:17-52:12 The Suffering Servant and Atonement 52:13-53:12 The Exalted Zion: Promise of Restoration and Protection 54:1-17 Invitation to Life and the Power of God's Word 55:1-13 Justice, Inclusion, and Sabbath Observance 56:1-8 Condemnation of Idolatry and Complacency 56:9-57:13 Restoration for the Humble and Promise of Peace 57:14-21 True Fasting: Justice, Mercy, and Sabbath Blessing 58:1-14 Sin's Consequences and God's Redeeming Intervention 59:1-21 The Glory and Gathering of Zion 60:1-22 The Year of the Lord's Favor and Joyful Restoration 61:1-11 Zion's Vindication and New Name 62:1-12 The Lord's Vengeance: Treading the Winepress 63:1-6 Remembering God's Mercy and Plea for Restoration 63:7-64:12 God's Grace to the Faithful and Judgment on the Rebellious 65:1-16 A New Creation: Joy and Peace 65:17-25 The Lord's Final Judgment and the New Creation 66:1-24

Jeremiah

The Call and Commission of Jeremiah 1:1-19 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Call to Repentance 2:1-3:5 Judah's Spiritual Adultery and Call to Return 3:6-4:4 The Coming Calamity on the Land 4:5-31 An Accusation against Jerusalem's Corruption 5:1-31 The Siege and Devastation of Jerusalem 6:1-30 The Temple Sermon: False Security Condemned 7:1-29 Violence and Corruption in the Land 7:30-8:3 Persistent Idolatry and Coming Punishment 8:4-9:26 The Folly of Idols 10:1-16 Judah's Flight and Jeremiah's Lament 10:17-22 A Prayer for Direction and Deliverance 10:23-25 The Broken Covenant and a Public Warning 11:1-17 Conspiracy against Jeremiah and God's Vindication 11:18-23 Jeremiah's Complaint to God 12:1-4 A Call to Endure and Judgment on Nations 12:5-17 The Linen Belt: Symbol of Judah's Humiliation 13:1-11 A Sign of Shame and Pronounced Judgment 13:12-14 A Lament of Shame and Imminent Disaster 13:15-27 Famine, False Prophets, and Divine Judgment 14:1-15:21 Symbolic Acts and the People's Sinfulness 16:1-17:18 Warning about Sabbath Violations 17:19-27 The Potter and the Broken Jar: Judgment on Jerusalem 18:1-19:15 Persecution by Pashhur the Priest 20:1-6 Jeremiah's Lament and Resolve 20:7-18 A Message to the Royal House: Doom for Jerusalem 21:1-14 Judgment on the Kings and Royal House 22:1-30 False Shepherds Condemned and a Righteous Branch Promised 23:1-8 Condemnation of False Prophets 23:9-32 The Lord Rebukes False Oracles 23:33-40 The Two Figs: Exile and Remnant 24:1-10 Seventy Years of Babylonian Dominion 25:1-14 The Cup of God's Wrath on the Nations 25:15-38 Jeremiah's Temple Address, Arrest, and Vindication 26:1-24 The Yoke of Babylon and Call to Submit 27:1-22 Hananiah's False Prophecy and Its Rebuke 28:1-17 Letter to the Exiles: Seek the Welfare of Babylon 29:1-23 Shemaiah's Letter and Its Condemnation 29:24-32 The Book of Comfort: Restoration and the New Covenant 30:1-31:40 Jeremiah Buys a Field: Faith and Hope in Captivity 32:1-44 Promise of Restoration and the Davidic Covenant 33:1-26 Zedekiah's Appeal and Jeremiah's Warning 34:1-7 Breach of Covenant and Punishment for Oppression 34:8-22 The Rechabites' Fidelity as a Rebuke to Judah 35:1-19 Baruch Writes Jeremiah's Words and the Scroll Is Burned 36:1-32 Jeremiah Imprisoned during the Siege of Jerusalem 37:1-21 Jeremiah Cast into a Cistern 38:1-13 Ebed‑Melech Rescues Jeremiah; Zedekiah's Failure 38:14-28 The Fall of Jerusalem and Jeremiah's Release 39:1-18 Gedaliah Appointed Governor and Jeremiah's Choice 40:1-6 Assassination of Gedaliah and the Terror in Judah 40:7-41:15 Rejection of Jeremiah's Counsel and Flight to Egypt 41:16-43:13 The Jews in Egypt: Idolatry and Condemnation 44:1-30 A Word to Baruch: Encouragement and Warning 45:1-5 Oracles against Egypt 46:1-28 Judgment on the Philistines 47:1-7 Judgment on Moab 48:1-47 Judgment on Ammon 49:1-6 Judgment on Edom 49:7-22 Judgment on Damascus and Aram 49:23-27 Destruction of Kedar and the Nomads 49:28-33 Judgment on Elam and Future Restoration 49:34-39 Judgment on Babylon and Its Final Fall 50:1-51:64 The Fall of Jerusalem and Zedekiah's Fate 52:1-30 Jehoiachin's Release from Babylonian Captivity 52:31-34

Ezekiel

The Vision of God's Glory and the Living Creatures 1:1-28 Ezekiel's Commission and the Eating of the Scroll 2:1-3:15 Ezekiel Appointed as Watchman and Made Speechless 3:16-27 Symbolic Acts of Siege and Judgment on Jerusalem 4:1-5:17 Judgment on Israel for Idolatry 6:1-14 The Day of the Lord: Impending Disaster 7:1-27 Visions of Temple Abominations 8:1-18 The Execution of Jerusalem's Wicked and the Marked Few 9:1-11 The Departure of God's Glory from the Temple 10:1-22 Condemnation of Jerusalem's Leaders 11:1-15 The Departure of God's Glory and Promise of Restoration 11:16-25 Signs of Exile and the Futility of False Hopes 12:1-28 Condemnation of False Prophets and Diviners 13:1-23 Elders' Idolatry and Its Consequences 14:1-11 Judgment on Nations and the Limits of Intercession 14:12-23 Jerusalem Portrayed as a Useless Vine 15:1-8 Jerusalem's Infidelity: Shame, Judgment, and Vindication 16:1-63 The Parable of the Two Eagles: Zedekiah's Folly 17:1-24 Individual Responsibility and the Call to Repentance 18:1-32 A Lament for Israel's Princes 19:1-14 Israel's History of Rebellion and Divine Judgment 20:1-29 Punishment for Profane Worship and Promise of Restoration 20:30-44 A Prophecy Against the Mountains of Israel 20:45-49 The Sword of the Lord: Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations 21:1-32 Jerusalem's Corruption and the Search for a Righteous Remnant 22:1-31 The Sisters' Harlotry: Samaria and Jerusalem Condemned 23:1-49 The Boiling Pot: Prophecy of Jerusalem's Siege 24:1-14 The Sign of Ezekiel's Wife's Death: Judgment and Changed Lament 24:15-27 Oracle Against Ammon 25:1-7 Oracles Against Moab and Seir 25:8-11 Judgment on the Philistines 25:12-14 Oracle Against Tyre 25:15-17 The Fall of Tyre Foretold 26:1-21 Lamentation for Tyre, the Merchant City 27:1-36 The Pride and Fall of Tyre's Ruler 28:1-19 Judgment on Sidon and Promise of Israel's Security 28:20-26 Egypt's Humiliation and Years of Desolation 29:1-21 The Day of the Lord Against Egypt and Its Allies 30:1-26 Egypt Compared to the Fallen Cedar: Pride and Doom 31:1-18 Lament for Egypt's Collapse and Descent into Sheol 32:1-32 The Watchman's Duty and Personal Responsibility 33:1-20 Report of Jerusalem's Fall and the People's Alarm 33:21-33 Condemnation of Bad Shepherds and Promise of a Good Shepherd 34:1-31 Judgment on Edom for Rejoicing over Israel 35:1-15 Promise of Israel's Restoration and Spiritual Renewal 36:1-38 The Valley of Dry Bones: National Revival 37:1-14 The Two Sticks: Unity of Israel and the Davidic Covenant 37:15-28 The Invasion of Gog and Its Defeat 38:1-39:29 Vision of the Future Temple: Introduction and Commission 40:1-4 Measurements of the Outer Court and Gateways 40:5-16 Courtyard Entrances and Portico Dimensions 40:17-19 Inner Court Entrances and Chambers 40:20-23 Vestibules and Side Entrance Specifications 40:24-27 Details of Inner Chambers and Gate Structure 40:28-37 Porches, Chambers, and Steps of the Temple Court 40:38-43 Priests' Chambers and the Prince's Quarters 40:44-47 The Inner Sanctuary and Holy Place Measurements 40:48-41:26 Priestly Chambers and the Inner Court Layout 42:1-20 The Return of God's Glory to the Temple 43:1-12 Altar Design and Sacrificial Regulations 43:13-27 Temple Gates, Priestly Roles, and Exclusions 44:1-31 Land Allotments and the Prince's Portion 45:1-12 Worship Regulations: Offerings, Festivals, and the Prince 45:13-46:24 The Life-Giving River Flowing from the Temple 47:1-12 Division of the Land and Inheritance Boundaries 47:13-23 Tribal Allotments in the Restored Land 48:1-29 The City Gates and the Name: 'The Lord Is There' 48:30-35

Matthew

The Genealogy of Jesus 1:1-17 The Birth of Jesus Foretold to Joseph 1:18-25 The Visit of the Magi 2:1-12 Flight into Egypt and the Slaughter of the Innocents 2:13-18 Return to Nazareth 2:19-23 John the Baptist Prepares the Way 3:1-12 The Baptism of Jesus 3:13-17 The Temptation of Jesus 4:1-11 Jesus Begins His Galilean Ministry 4:12-17 Jesus Calls the First Disciples 4:18-22 Jesus Ministers Throughout Galilee 4:23-25 The Beatitudes 5:1-12 Salt and Light 5:13-16 Jesus and the Law 5:17-20 Teaching on Anger and Reconciliation 5:21-26 Teaching on Adultery and Lust 5:27-30 Teaching on Divorce 5:31-32 Teaching on Oaths and Honesty 5:33-37 Teaching on Retaliation and Generosity 5:38-42 Love Your Enemies 5:43-48 Giving to the Needy in Secret 6:1-4 Prayer and the Lord's Prayer 6:5-15 Teaching on Fasting 6:16-18 Treasures and Serving God 6:19-24 Do Not Worry 6:25-34 Do Not Judge 7:1-6 Ask, Seek, Knock and the Golden Rule 7:7-12 The Narrow and Wide Gates 7:13-14 Recognizing False Prophets 7:15-23 Parable of the Wise and Foolish Builders 7:24-29 Jesus Cleanses a Leper 8:1-4 The Faith of the Centurion 8:5-13 Jesus Heals Many and Fulfills Prophecy 8:14-17 The Cost of Discipleship 8:18-22 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:23-27 Healing of Two Demon-Possessed Men 8:28-34 Jesus Heals a Paralytic 9:1-8 Jesus Calls Matthew and Eats with Sinners 9:9-13 Fasting and the New Cloth and Wineskins 9:14-17 A Daughter Restored and a Woman Healed 9:18-26 Two Blind Men Healed and a Mute Man Restored 9:27-34 Jesus' Compassion and the Call for Workers 9:35-38 The Mission of the Twelve 10:1-42 John's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony about John 11:1-19 Woe to Unrepentant Cities 11:20-24 The Father's Revelation and Rest for the Weary 11:25-30 Sabbath Controversies: Grain and Healing 12:1-14 Jesus Heals and Fulfills Isaiah's Prophecy 12:15-21 Accusation, Blasphemy Against the Spirit, and the Heart's Fruit 12:22-37 The Sign of Jonah and the Unclean Spirit 12:38-45 Jesus Redefines Family 12:46-50 The Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 13:1-23 The Parable of the Weeds 13:24-30 The Mustard Seed and the Yeast 13:31-35 Explanation of the Weeds and End-Time Judgment 13:36-43 Treasure and Pearl: The Kingdom's Value 13:44-46 The Net and New and Old Treasures 13:47-52 Jesus Rejected at Nazareth 13:53-58 The Execution of John the Baptist 14:1-12 Feeding the Five Thousand 14:13-21 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals Many 14:22-36 Tradition, Purity, and the Canaanite Woman's Faith 15:1-28 Jesus Heals Many and Feeds the Four Thousand 15:29-39 Pharisees Demand a Sign 16:1-4 Warning About the Teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees 16:5-12 Peter's Confession: You Are the Christ 16:13-20 Jesus Foretells His Death and Discipleship 16:21-28 The Transfiguration 17:1-13 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy and a Second Prediction of Death 17:14-23 Payment of the Temple Tax 17:24-27 Humility and Care for Little Ones 18:1-9 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 18:10-14 Church Discipline and Prayer 18:15-20 Forgiveness and the Unforgiving Servant 18:21-35 Marriage, Divorce, and Children 19:1-15 The Rich Young Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 19:16-30 The Parable of the Laborers in the Vineyard 20:1-16 Jesus Predicts His Death and Resurrection 20:17-19 Request for Honor and Teaching on Servanthood 20:20-28 Two Blind Men Healed Near Jericho 20:29-34 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 21:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Heals 21:12-17 The Withered Fig Tree and Teaching on Faith 21:18-22 Jesus' Authority Challenged 21:23-27 The Parable of the Two Sons 21:28-32 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 21:33-46 The Parable of the Wedding Banquet 22:1-14 Question about Paying Taxes to Caesar 22:15-22 The Sadducees and the Resurrection 22:23-33 The Greatest Commandment 22:34-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees about the Messiah 22:41-46 Seven Woes on the Scribes and Pharisees 23:1-39 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of the End and the Temple's Destruction 24:1-35 The Olivet Discourse: Watchfulness and Judgment 24:36-51 The Parable of the Ten Virgins 25:1-13 The Parable of the Talents 25:14-30 The Final Judgment: Sheep and Goats 25:31-46 The Plot to Arrest Jesus 26:1-5 The Anointing at Bethany 26:6-13 Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus 26:14-16 The Last Supper 26:17-30 Jesus Predicts Peter's Denial 26:31-35 Prayer in Gethsemane 26:36-46 The Arrest of Jesus 26:47-56 Jesus Before the Sanhedrin 26:57-68 Peter's Denial and Repentance 26:69-75 Judas' Remorse and Suicide 27:1-10 Jesus Sentenced by Pilate 27:11-26 Jesus Mocked and Scourged 27:27-31 The Crucifixion and Mockery 27:32-44 The Death of Jesus 27:45-56 Jesus Is Buried 27:57-61 The Tomb Secured by the Authorities 27:62-66 The Resurrection: Women at the Tomb 28:1-10 The Guards' Report and the Chief Priests' Lie 28:11-15 The Great Commission 28:16-20

Mark

John the Baptist Prepares the Way 1:1-8 The Baptism and Temptation of Jesus 1:9-13 Jesus Begins His Ministry and Calls the First Disciples 1:14-20 Jesus Teaches with Authority and Casts Out an Unclean Spirit 1:21-28 Healings and Demons Cleansed at Simon's Home 1:29-34 Jesus Prays and Proclaims the Kingdom in Galilee 1:35-39 Healing of a Man with Leprosy 1:40-45 Forgiveness and Healing of a Paralytic 2:1-12 Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 2:13-17 Questions about Fasting; New Cloth and Wineskins 2:18-22 Sabbath Controversies: Grain, Healing, and Plot Against Jesus 2:23-3:6 Great Crowds Follow; Unclean Spirits Acknowledge Jesus 3:7-12 Jesus Appoints the Twelve Apostles 3:13-19 Accusations of Beelzebul and the Parable of the Strong Man 3:20-30 Jesus Redefines True Family 3:31-35 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 4:1-20 A Lamp, Measure, and the Principle of Growth 4:21-25 Parable of the Growing Seed 4:26-29 The Mustard Seed and the Kingdom's Growth 4:30-34 Jesus Calms the Storm 4:35-41 The Gerasene Demoniac Restored 5:1-20 A Woman Healed and Jairus' Daughter Raised 5:21-43 Jesus Rejected in His Hometown 6:1-6 Jesus Sends Out the Twelve 6:7-13 Herod, Herodias, and the Death of John the Baptist 6:14-29 Feeding of the Five Thousand 6:30-44 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals at Gennesaret 6:45-56 Tradition, Inner Purity, and What Truly Defiles 7:1-23 A Gentile Woman's Faith and the Healing at Tyre 7:24-30 Jesus Heals a Deaf Man Who Could Not Speak Clearly 7:31-37 Feeding the Four Thousand and the Pharisees' Demand for a Sign 8:1-13 Beware the Yeast of the Pharisees and Herod 8:14-21 Healing of a Blind Man at Bethsaida 8:22-26 Peter Confesses Jesus as the Christ 8:27-30 Jesus Predicts His Death and Calls Disciples to Take Up the Cross 8:31-9:1 The Transfiguration and the Return of Elijah 9:2-13 Healing of a Boy with an Unclean Spirit; Jesus Predicts His Passion Again 9:14-32 Who Is the Greatest? A Child as the Model of Service 9:33-37 Tolerance for Those Who Serve in Jesus' Name 9:38-41 Warnings about Causing Sin; Exhortations on Salt and Holiness 9:42-50 Jesus' Teaching on Divorce 10:1-12 Jesus Blesses Little Children 10:13-16 The Rich Young Man and the Cost of Discipleship 10:17-31 Jesus Again Predicts His Suffering, Death, and Resurrection 10:32-34 Ambition and Servanthood: The Way of True Greatness 10:35-45 Jesus Heals Blind Bartimaeus 10:46-52 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 11:1-11 Withered Fig Tree and the Cleansing of the Temple 11:12-19 Faith, Prayer, and the Call to Forgiveness 11:20-26 Religious Leaders Question Jesus' Authority 11:27-33 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 12:1-12 Render to Caesar: Taxes and Allegiance 12:13-17 Sadducees Challenge Resurrection; Jesus Teaches Eternal Life 12:18-27 The Greatest Commandment: Love God and Neighbor 12:28-34 Jesus Questions the Messiah and Warns Against Scribes 12:35-40 The Widow's Offering: True Generosity 12:41-44 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of Destruction and the End 13:1-31 No One Knows the Day: Be Watchful 13:32-37 Plot to Kill Jesus and the Anointing at Bethany 14:1-11 The Passover Meal and Institution of the Lord's Supper 14:12-26 Jesus Predicts the Disciples' Flight and Peter's Denial 14:27-31 Gethsemane: Jesus' Agony and Prayer 14:32-42 The Arrest of Jesus in Gethsemane 14:43-52 Jesus Before the Council 14:53-65 Peter's Denial and His Remorse 14:66-72 Jesus Before Pilate; Barabbas Released 15:1-15 The Soldiers Mock and Scourge Jesus 15:16-20 The Way of the Cross and the Crucifixion 15:21-32 Jesus' Death and the Centurion's Confession 15:33-41 The Burial of Jesus 15:42-47 The Resurrection: Women Find the Empty Tomb 16:1-8 Appearances of the Risen Lord and the Commission 16:9-20

Luke

Purpose and Order of the Gospel 1:1-4 Announcement of John the Baptist's Birth 1:5-25 The Annunciation to Mary 1:26-38 Mary Visits Elizabeth 1:39-45 Mary's Song (The Magnificat) 1:46-56 The Birth and Naming of John 1:57-66 Zechariah's Prophecy and John's Mission 1:67-80 The Birth of Jesus in Bethlehem 2:1-7 Angels Announce the Shepherds' Good News 2:8-20 Presentation in the Temple; Simeon and Anna 2:21-40 The Boy Jesus in the Temple 2:41-52 John the Baptist's Call to Repentance 3:1-20 The Baptism and Genealogy of Jesus 3:21-38 Jesus Tested in the Wilderness 4:1-13 Rejection at Nazareth 4:14-30 Authority over Unclean Spirits in Capernaum 4:31-37 Healings and Preaching in Galilee 4:38-44 The Call of the First Disciples 5:1-11 Healing a Man with Leprosy 5:12-16 A Paralytic Forgiven and Healed 5:17-26 The Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 5:27-32 Questions about Fasting; New Wine and Old Wineskins 5:33-39 Lord of the Sabbath and a Sabbath Healing 6:1-11 The Appointment of the Twelve Apostles 6:12-16 The Sermon on the Plain: Blessings and Woes 6:17-26 Love Your Enemies and Be Merciful 6:27-36 Judging Others and the Speck and Log 6:37-42 A Tree and Its Fruit: True Character Revealed 6:43-45 The Wise and Foolish Builders 6:46-49 The Faith of the Centurion 7:1-10 Raising the Widow's Son at Nain 7:11-17 John the Baptist's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony 7:18-35 A Sinful Woman Forgiven 7:36-50 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 8:1-15 Lighted Lamp and Hearing the Word 8:16-18 Jesus Redefines His Family 8:19-21 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:22-25 Healing the Gerasene Demoniac 8:26-39 Jairus' Daughter Raised and a Woman Healed 8:40-56 The Twelve Sent Out 9:1-9 Feeding the Five Thousand 9:10-17 Peter's Confession and the Way of the Cross 9:18-27 The Transfiguration 9:28-36 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy; A Second Passion Prediction 9:37-45 Who Is Greatest and a Servant's Ministry 9:46-50 Jesus Resolves for Jerusalem; Samaritan Rejection 9:51-56 The Cost of Discipleship 9:57-62 The Seventy Sent Out and Their Return 10:1-24 The Good Samaritan 10:25-37 Mary and Martha: Choosing the Better Part 10:38-42 The Lord's Prayer and Persistent Prayer 11:1-13 Jesus, Beelzebul, and True Blessedness 11:14-28 Demand for a Sign; Jonah and the Queen of the South 11:29-32 The Light of the Body and Inner Purity 11:33-36 Woes to the Pharisees and Lawyers 11:37-54 Warnings against Hypocrisy and Confession before Men 12:1-12 The Parable of the Rich Fool 12:13-21 Do Not Worry; Seek God's Kingdom 12:22-34 Watchfulness and Faithful Stewardship 12:35-48 Division Caused by Christ 12:49-53 Interpreting the Times and Settling with Adversaries 12:54-59 Call to Repentance and the Barren Fig Tree 13:1-9 Healing on the Sabbath and Jesus' Rebuke 13:10-17 Parables of the Mustard Seed and Yeast 13:18-21 The Narrow Door and the Cost of Entry 13:22-30 Jesus Laments over Jerusalem 13:31-35 Healing at a Pharisee's House and Humility at the Table 14:1-14 Parable of the Great Banquet 14:15-24 The Cost of Following Jesus; Salt and Saltiness 14:25-35 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 15:1-7 The Parable of the Lost Coin 15:8-10 The Parable of the Prodigal Son 15:11-32 The Shrewd Manager and Teaching on Wealth 16:1-15 Law, the Kingdom, and Divorce 16:16-18 The Rich Man and Lazarus 16:19-31 Teachings on Temptation, Forgiveness, and Duty 17:1-10 Healing of the Ten Lepers 17:11-19 The Coming of the Kingdom and End-Time Sayings 17:20-37 Parable of the Persistent Widow 18:1-8 Parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector 18:9-14 Jesus Blesses Little Children 18:15-17 The Rich Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 18:18-30 Jesus Predicts His Death Again 18:31-34 Healing of Blind Bartimaeus 18:35-43 Zacchaeus: Salvation Comes to His House 19:1-10 Parable of the Ten Minas 19:11-27 Triumphal Entry and Lament over Jerusalem 19:28-44 Cleansing the Temple and Teaching 19:45-48 Jesus' Authority Challenged 20:1-8 Parable of the Wicked Tenants 20:9-19 Paying Taxes to Caesar 20:20-26 Question about the Resurrection 20:27-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees; Warnings against Hypocrisy 20:41-47 The Widow's Offering 21:1-4 The Destruction of the Temple and Signs of the End 21:5-38 The Plot to Kill Jesus and Judas' Agreement 22:1-6 The Last Supper and Predictions of Denial 22:7-38 Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane 22:39-46 Jesus Arrested 22:47-53 Peter's Denial Fulfilled 22:54-62 Jesus Mocked and Beaten 22:63-65 Jesus before the Council and Pilate; Sentencing 22:66-23:25 The Way of the Cross and the Penitent Thief 23:26-43 The Death of Jesus and the Centurion's Confession 23:44-49 The Burial of Jesus 23:50-56 The Empty Tomb and the Women's Report 24:1-12 The Road to Emmaus and Recognition of the Risen Lord 24:13-35 Jesus Appears to the Disciples and Explains Scripture 24:36-49 The Ascension and the Disciples' Worship 24:50-53

John

The Word Became Flesh 1:1-18 John the Baptist's Witness 1:19-28 Behold the Lamb of God 1:29-34 The First Disciples and Simon Peter 1:35-42 Calling of Philip and Nathanael 1:43-51 The Wedding at Cana: Water Made Wine 2:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Speaks of His Body 2:12-25 Nicodemus and the New Birth 3:1-21 John the Baptist Exalts Jesus 3:22-36 Jesus and the Samaritan Woman at the Well 4:1-26 The Harvest Is Ready 4:27-38 Samaritans Believe in Jesus 4:39-42 Healing of the Royal Official's Son 4:43-54 Jesus Heals at Bethesda 5:1-15 Jesus Claims Authority Over Life and Judgment 5:16-30 Witnesses to Jesus and Israel's Unbelief 5:31-47 Feeding the Five Thousand 6:1-15 Jesus Walks on the Sea 6:16-24 Jesus the Bread of Life 6:25-59 Many Turn Away; Peter's Confession 6:60-71 Jesus Stays Away from Judea 7:1-13 Jesus Teaches at the Festival 7:14-24 Growing Division Over Jesus 7:25-44 Temple Officers and the Adulterous Woman 7:45-8:11 Jesus the Light and His Claim 8:12-30 True Discipleship and Freedom 8:31-41 Jesus' Divine Origin and Opposition 8:42-47 Jesus' 'I Am' and Preexistence 8:48-59 Healing of a Man Born Blind 9:1-12 Controversy with the Pharisees over the Healing 9:13-34 Spiritual Sight and Blindness 9:35-41 The Good Shepherd and His Sheep 10:1-21 Feast of Dedication and Controversy over Jesus 10:22-42 Lazarus' Sickness and Jesus' Intention 11:1-16 Jesus Weeps at Lazarus' Tomb 11:17-37 Jesus Raises Lazarus from the Dead 11:38-44 Plot to Kill Jesus and Caiaphas' Counsel 11:45-57 Mary Anoints Jesus; Plot to Kill Lazarus 12:1-11 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 12:12-19 Greeks Seek Jesus; He Predicts His Death 12:20-36 Unbelief and Jesus' Final Appeal 12:37-50 Jesus Washes the Disciples' Feet 13:1-17 The Prediction of Judas' Betrayal 13:18-30 The New Commandment and Peter's Denial 13:31-38 Jesus Promises a Place in the Father's House 14:1-4 Jesus the Way to the Father 14:5-14 Promise of the Holy Spirit and Peace 14:15-31 The Vine and the Command to Love 15:1-17 The World's Hatred and the Cost of Discipleship 15:18-16:4 The Holy Spirit's Work 16:5-16 Sorrow Turned to Joy; Peace in Christ 16:17-33 The Son's Prayer for Glory 17:1-5 Prayer for the Disciples' Protection and Sanctification 17:6-19 Prayer for Unity Among Believers 17:20-26 Jesus Arrested in Gethsemane 18:1-11 Jesus Brought to Annas 18:12-14 Peter's First Denial 18:15-18 Jesus Questioned and Struck Before the High Priest 18:19-24 Peter Denies Jesus Three Times 18:25-27 Jesus Before Pilate 18:28-40 Jesus Scourged, Mocked, and Sentenced to Crucifixion 19:1-16 The Crucifixion and Jesus' Care for His Mother 19:17-27 Jesus' Death and the Fulfillment of Scripture 19:28-37 Jesus' Burial 19:38-42 The Empty Tomb Discovered 20:1-9 Mary Magdalene Meets the Risen Lord 20:10-18 Jesus Appears to His Disciples and Breathes the Spirit 20:19-23 Thomas Believes; Purpose of John's Gospel 20:24-31 The Miraculous Catch and Breakfast by the Sea 21:1-14 Peter Reinstated and the Beloved Disciple 21:15-25

Acts

The Ascension of Jesus 1:1-11 Prayer in the Upper Room and the Choosing of Matthias 1:12-26 Pentecost: The Coming of the Spirit 2:1-13 Peter's Sermon and Three Thousand Converted 2:14-41 The Early Christian Community 2:42-47 Healing at the Beautiful Gate 3:1-10 Peter's Address at Solomon's Colonnade 3:11-26 The Apostles Before the Sanhedrin 4:1-22 Believers Pray for Boldness 4:23-31 The Believers Share Possessions 4:32-37 Ananias and Sapphira 5:1-11 Signs Performed by the Apostles 5:12-16 Persecution of the Apostles and Their Witness 5:17-42 The Appointment of the Seven Deacons 6:1-7 Stephen's Wisdom and Opposition 6:8-15 Stephen's Speech before the Sanhedrin 7:1-53 The Stoning of Stephen and the Persecution of the Church 7:54-8:1 Saul's Persecution Scatters the Church 8:2-3 Philip Proclaims Christ in Samaria 8:4-8 Simon Magus and Peter's Rebuke 8:9-25 Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch 8:26-40 The Conversion of Saul 9:1-19 Saul's Early Ministry and Acceptance by the Church 9:20-31 Peter Heals Aeneas and Raises Tabitha 9:32-43 Cornelius' Vision and the Call for Peter 10:1-8 Peter's Vision and the Messengers from Cornelius 10:9-23 Peter at Cornelius' House: Gentiles Receive the Spirit 10:24-48 Peter Defends the Conversion of Gentiles 11:1-18 The Church in Antioch and Famine Relief 11:19-30 Herod Executes James; Peter Miraculously Freed 12:1-19 Herod's Death and the Church's Continued Growth 12:20-25 The First Missionary Sending 13:1-3 Ministry in Cyprus and Elymas's Blinding 13:4-12 Paul's Mission in Pisidian Antioch 13:13-52 Paul and Barnabas in Iconium 14:1-7 Healing in Lystra and Paul's Stoning 14:8-20 Paul and Barnabas Strengthen the Churches 14:21-28 The Jerusalem Council on Gentile Circumcision 15:1-21 The Council's Letter and Peace with Antioch 15:22-35 Paul and Barnabas Separate 15:36-41 Timothy Joins Paul and Churches Are Strengthened 16:1-5 The Call to Macedonia 16:6-10 Lydia's Conversion at Philippi 16:11-15 Paul and Silas Imprisoned and Released in Philippi 16:16-40 Preaching in Thessalonica and Opposition 17:1-9 Berea's Noble Reception and Paul's Departure 17:10-15 Paul's Address at the Areopagus 17:16-34 Paul's Ministry in Corinth and Conflict 18:1-17 Paul Departs; Apollos Instructed by Priscilla and Aquila 18:18-28 Paul's Ministry and the Ephesian Disciples 19:1-22 The Ephesian Riot over Artemis 19:23-41 Paul's Journeys Through Macedonia and Greece 20:1-6 Eutychus Raised in Troas 20:7-12 Paul's Farewell to the Ephesian Elders 20:13-38 Paul's Voyage to Jerusalem 21:1-16 Paul's Arrival in Jerusalem and the Temple Ritual 21:17-26 Paul Seized in the Temple 21:27-36 Paul's Defense: His Conversion and Mission 21:37-22:21 Paul's Arrest and the Council's Division 22:22-23:11 The Plot to Kill Paul and the Soldier's Intervention 23:12-22 Paul Escorted to Caesarea under Guard 23:23-35 Paul's Defense before Governor Felix 24:1-27 Paul Brought before Festus and the Jewish Charges 25:1-12 King Agrippa Learns of Paul's Case 25:13-22 Paul's Defense Before Agrippa 25:23-26:32 Paul's Voyage to Rome Begins 27:1-12 The Storm at Sea and God's Promise of Safety 27:13-26 Shipwreck and Deliverance on Malta 27:27-44 Paul on Malta: Healing and Hospitality 28:1-10 Voyage to Rome and Arrival 28:11-16 Paul in Rome: Preaching under House Arrest 28:17-31

Romans

Paul's Greeting and the Gospel's Power 1:1-17 God's Wrath Against Ungodliness 1:18-32 God's Impartial Judgment and Conscience 2:1-16 The Law, True Circumcision, and Jewish Identity 2:17-29 Israel's Advantage and God's Faithfulness 3:1-8 Universal Sinfulness and the Law's Condemnation 3:9-20 Righteousness Through Faith and Justification 3:21-31 Abraham: Justification by Faith 4:1-25 Peace with God and Reconciliation 5:1-11 Adam and Christ: Death, Grace, and Righteousness 5:12-21 Dead to Sin, Alive in Christ 6:1-14 Slavery to Sin or to Righteousness 6:15-23 Released from the Law to Serve in the Spirit 7:1-6 The Inner Conflict: Law, Sin, and the Flesh 7:7-25 Life in the Spirit: Freedom and Adoption 8:1-17 Future Glory and the Spirit's Intercession 8:18-27 Assurance of God's Love: Nothing Can Separate Us 8:28-39 Paul's Sorrow and God's Sovereign Election 9:1-29 Righteousness by Faith and Israel's Unbelief 9:30-10:21 A Remnant Preserved and Israel's Hardening 11:1-10 Gentiles Grafted In and a Warning Against Boasting 11:11-24 The Mystery of Israel's Salvation and God's Mercy 11:25-32 Doxology: Praise for God's Wisdom and Sovereignty 11:33-36 A Living Sacrifice and the Diversity of Gifts 12:1-8 Christian Conduct: Love, Humility, and Ethical Duties 12:9-21 Submission to Authorities and Civic Duty 13:1-7 Love Fulfills the Law; Walk in the Light 13:8-14 Christian Liberty, Conscience, and Mutual Acceptance 14:1-15:13 Paul's Service to the Gentiles and Missionary Ambition 15:14-22 Paul's Travel Plans and Prayer Requests 15:23-33 Personal Greetings, Final Warnings, and Doxology 16:1-27

Revelation

The Revelation Announced and the Blessing 1:1-3 Greeting and the Lord's Self‑Declaration 1:4-8 John's Vision of the Glorified Son of Man 1:9-20 Letter to Ephesus: Faithfulness and the Call to Repent 2:1-7 Letter to Smyrna: Persecution and the Crown of Life 2:8-11 Letter to Pergamum: Fidelity and False Teaching 2:12-17 Letter to Thyatira: Tolerance of Immorality and Promise to Overcomers 2:18-29 Letter to Sardis: Wakefulness and Repentance 3:1-6 Letter to Philadelphia: An Open Door and a Promise of Protection 3:7-13 Letter to Laodicea: Lukewarmness and the Call to Repent 3:14-22 The Throne in Heaven and Heavenly Worship 4:1-11 The Sealed Scroll and the Worthy Lamb 5:1-14 The Six Seals: Tribulation and Cosmic Disturbance 6:1-17 The Sealing of the 144,000 7:1-8 The Multitude Before the Throne: Salvation and Comfort 7:9-17 The Seventh Seal and the Prayers of the Saints 8:1-5 The Trumpet Judgments: Plagues and Woes 8:6-9:21 The Mighty Angel and the Little Scroll 10:1-11 The Two Witnesses: Prophecy, Death, and Resurrection 11:1-14 The Seventh Trumpet: God's Kingdom Proclaimed and the Temple Opened 11:15-19 The Cosmic Conflict: The Woman, the Dragon, and the Male Child 12:1-13:1 The Sea Beast: Blasphemy and Persecution 13:2-10 The Earth Beast and the Mark of the Beast 13:11-18 The Lamb on Mount Zion and the 144,000 14:1-5 The Three Angels' Messages and the Call to Endure 14:6-13 The Harvest of the Earth: Reaping God's Judgment 14:14-20 The Seven Last Plagues and the Victors' Song 15:1-8 The Bowl Judgments: The Seven Bowls of God's Wrath 16:1-21 The Fall of Babylon the Great and the Beast's Doom 17:1-18:24 Heavenly Praise and the Marriage of the Lamb 19:1-10 Christ's Triumphant Return and the Defeat of the Beast 19:11-21 Satan Bound and the Reign of the Saints 20:1-6 Satan's Final Rebellion and Defeat 20:7-10 The Great White Throne and the Final Judgment 20:11-15 The New Heaven and New Earth and the New Jerusalem 21:1-27 The River of Life and the Throne of God 22:1-6
1 And the lot for the tribe of the sons of Judah, by their families, came out to the border of Edom—the wilderness of Zin to the south, to the uttermost part of the Negev.

Jos.15.1 - Details

Translation

And the lot for the tribe of the sons of Judah, by their families, came out to the border of Edom—the wilderness of Zin to the south, to the uttermost part of the Negev.

Original Text

ויהי הגורל למטה בני יהודה למשפחתם אל־ גבול אדום מדבר־ צן נגבה מקצה תימן׃

Morphology

  • ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • הגורל: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • למטה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
  • למשפחתם: PREP,NOUN,f,sg,abs,PRON,3,pl
  • אל: NEG
  • גבול: NOUN,m,sg,cs
  • אדום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מדבר: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,sg
  • צן: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • נגבה: NOUN,prop,f,sg
  • מקצה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • תימן: NOUN,prop,m,sg

Parallels

  • Numbers 34:4-5 (verbal): Gives the southern boundary of the land including the wilderness of Zin and the south near Kadesh—language and geographic markers parallel to Joshua 15:1.
  • Numbers 20:1 (allusion): Places Israel at Kadesh in the wilderness of Zin (Miriam's death), linking the same geographic locale named in Joshua 15:1.
  • Deuteronomy 2:1-8 (thematic): Recalls Israel's route and the LORD's directions concerning Mount Seir/Edom as a separate possession, providing wider context for Judah's border toward Edom.
  • Joshua 15:2-4 (structural): Immediate continuation of Joshua 15:1 that spells out Judah's southern and eastern borders and specific landmarks begun in v.1.
  • 1 Chronicles 4:39-43 (thematic): Describes settlement and villages in the southern/wilderness regions adjacent to Judah, echoing the theme of habitation and borders in the Negeb/Zin area.

Alternative generated candidates

  • The lot for the tribe of the sons of Judah, by their clans, reached to the border of Edom: the wilderness of Zin to the south, to the farthest limit of the south.
  • The lot for the tribe of the sons of Judah by their clans reached to the border of Edom—the wilderness of Zin toward the south, to the uttermost end of the south.
2 Their southern boundary was the Salt Sea, along the shore, from the tongue that turns southward.

Jos.15.2 - Details

Translation

Their southern boundary was the Salt Sea, along the shore, from the tongue that turns southward.

Original Text

ויהי להם גבול נגב מקצה ים המלח מן־ הלשן הפנה נגבה׃

Morphology

  • ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • גבול: NOUN,m,sg,cs
  • נגב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מקצה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ים: NOUN,m,sg,cs
  • המלח: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • מן: PREP
  • הלשן: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • הפנה: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • נגבה: ADV

Parallels

  • Josh.15.1 (structural): Immediate context: verse 15:1 introduces the allotment of Judah; 15:2 begins the specific description of Judah’s southern border.
  • Numbers 34:3-5 (verbal): The divine survey of the Promised Land gives the southern boundary using the same regional markers (wilderness/Negeb and the Salt Sea/Dead Sea); wording and limit-setting tradition parallel Joshua’s boundary description.
  • Numbers 34:4 (verbal): Explicitly names the Salt Sea (Dead Sea) as a territorial limit (“and your east border shall be the salt sea”), echoing Joshua 15:2’s reference to the sea as the southern border landmark.
  • Ezekiel 47:18-20 (thematic): Prophetic re‑allocation of Israel’s borders employs similar major geographic markers (Mediterranean, the river of Egypt, Dead Sea region), reflecting the same border schema and territorial ideology found in Joshua 15:2.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Their southern boundary was the Salt Sea at its southernmost inlet, from the tongue that turns to the south.
  • Their southern boundary ran from the end of the Dead Sea, from the tongue of land that turns to the south.
3 It went out from the Negev to the ascent of Akrabbim, passed along to Zin and rose from the Negev to Kadesh‑barnea; passed along to Hezron, went up to Addar and encircled it.

Jos.15.3 - Details

Translation

It went out from the Negev to the ascent of Akrabbim, passed along to Zin and rose from the Negev to Kadesh‑barnea; passed along to Hezron, went up to Addar and encircled it.

Original Text

ויצא אל־ מנגב למעלה עקרבים ועבר צנה ועלה מנגב לקדש ברנע ועבר חצרון ועלה אדרה ונסב הקרקעה׃

Morphology

  • ויצא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • אל: NEG
  • מנגב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • למעלה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • עקרבים: NOUN,m,pl,const
  • ועבר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • צנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ועלה: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • מנגב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לקדש: PREP
  • ברנע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ועבר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • חצרון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ועלה: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • אדרה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ונסב: VERB,qal,perf,1,m,pl
  • הקרקעה: NOUN,f,sg,def

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:2 (structural): Immediate context — continues the same detailed description of Judah’s southern boundary beginning at the wilderness of Zin and naming the same sequence of landmarks.
  • Numbers 34:4 (verbal): Near-verbatim boundary language — names Maʽaleh-acrabbim (Ascent of Scorpions) and Kadesh‑barnea as points on Israel’s southern border.
  • Numbers 33:36–37 (allusion): Itinerary tradition — part of the older list of Israel’s stages of travel that includes Kadesh‑barnea and neighboring places, aligning with the route-language in Joshua 15:3.
  • Numbers 13:26 (thematic): Focus on Kadesh‑barnea — reports the spies’ arrival there and highlights Kadesh‑barnea’s role as a major landmark in Israel’s wanderings and tribal boundaries.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And it went out from there southward to Maaleh‑Akkrabbim, passed along to Zin, and went up from the south to Kadesh‑Barnea; it passed on to Hazar‑addar, went up to Addar, and encircled Karkaath.
  • It went out southward to the ascent of Akrabbim, passed to Zin, and rose from the south to Kadesh‑barnea; it passed to Hazar‑addar, went up to Azmon, and turned from there toward the brook.
4 It passed on to Ashmanah and came to the brook of Egypt; and the border's outlet was at the sea—this shall be your southern border.

Jos.15.4 - Details

Translation

It passed on to Ashmanah and came to the brook of Egypt; and the border's outlet was at the sea—this shall be your southern border.

Original Text

ועבר עצמונה ויצא נחל מצרים והיו תצאות הגבול ימה זה־ יהיה לכם גבול נגב׃

Morphology

  • ועבר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • עצמונה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ויצא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • נחל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • והיו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • תצאות: NOUN,f,pl,const
  • הגבול: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ימה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • זה: PRON,dem,m,sg
  • יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
  • גבול: NOUN,m,sg,cs
  • נגב: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Numbers 34:5-6 (verbal): Gives the national boundary language for the western/southern border—mentions the 'stream/river of Egypt' and the sea as the western limit, echoing Josh 15:4's geographic wording.
  • Joshua 13:3 (structural): Part of Joshua's broader territorial listings; describes the same coastal/western extent of the land toward the great sea, framing the allotments that Josh 15:4 specifies for Judah.
  • Exodus 23:31 (thematic): God's promise to set Israel's bounds 'from the Red Sea to the Sea of the Philistines,' thematically comparable to the delimitation of tribal borders in Josh 15:4.
  • Deuteronomy 11:24 (thematic): A promise of possession tied to territorial limits ('every place whereon the sole of your foot shall tread shall be yours'), paralleling the allotment/possession motif underlying Josh 15:4.
  • Numbers 34:7 (verbal): Alongside 34:5-6, 34:7 further specifies southern/western border markers (the Salt Sea/the sea), reinforcing the same boundary schema reflected in Josh 15:4.

Alternative generated candidates

  • It passed to Azmon and came out at the Wadi of Egypt; and the ends of the border were at the sea. This shall be your southern boundary.
  • It passed to Azmon and the border went out to the Brook of Egypt; and the outer limit of the border was the sea. This shall be your southern boundary.
5 And the eastern border was the Salt Sea as far as the mouth of the Jordan; and the border went up to the foothills on the north side, to the tongue of the sea at the mouth of the Jordan.

Jos.15.5 - Details

Translation

And the eastern border was the Salt Sea as far as the mouth of the Jordan; and the border went up to the foothills on the north side, to the tongue of the sea at the mouth of the Jordan.

Original Text

וגבול קדמה ים המלח עד־ קצה הירדן וגבול לפאת צפונה מלשון הים מקצה הירדן׃

Morphology

  • וגבול: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • קדמה: ADV
  • ים: NOUN,m,sg,cs
  • המלח: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • עד: PREP
  • קצה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • וגבול: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לפאת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • צפונה: ADV
  • מלשון: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • הים: NOUN,m,sg,abs,def
  • מקצה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def

Parallels

  • Numbers 34:12 (verbal): Gives the east border as the 'salt sea' (Dead Sea) and names the end of the Jordan — language very close to Joshua 15:5's description of the eastern boundary.
  • Joshua 15:4 (structural): Immediate neighboring verse in the same allotment section; together with 15:5 it forms the contiguous description of Judah's borders to the Dead Sea and the Jordan.
  • Joshua 17:11 (thematic): Describes territorial boundaries running 'from the Jordan to the sea' for another tribal allotment, echoing the use of the Jordan and the Dead Sea as principal boundary markers.
  • Ezekiel 47:18 (thematic): A prophetic passage that maps Israel's borders and likewise employs the Dead Sea ('salt sea') and the Jordan's mouth as geographic reference points, reflecting the same boundary motifs found in Joshua 15:5.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And the east border was the Salt Sea as far as the mouth of the Jordan; and the north border was from the mouth of the sea at the mouth of the Jordan.
  • And the boundary on the east was the Salt Sea as far as the mouth of the Jordan; and the boundary on the north was from the mouth of the sea to the mouth of the Jordan.
6 And the border went up to Beth‑hoglah, passed north of Beth‑arabah, and went up to the stone of Bohan son of Reuben.

Jos.15.6 - Details

Translation

And the border went up to Beth‑hoglah, passed north of Beth‑arabah, and went up to the stone of Bohan son of Reuben.

Original Text

ועלה הגבול בית חגלה ועבר מצפון לבית הערבה ועלה הגבול אבן בהן בן־ ראובן׃

Morphology

  • ועלה: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • הגבול: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • חגלה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ועבר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • מצפון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לבית: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cns
  • הערבה: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • ועלה: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • הגבול: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אבן: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • בהן: PREP+PRON,3,f,pl
  • בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ראובן: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Josh.15.5 (structural): Immediate continuation of the same Judahite boundary description; 15:5–6 form a single run of place‑names (Beth‑Hoglah, Beth‑Arabah, etc.).
  • Josh.15.7 (structural): Follows on the same boundary list for Judah, continuing from the stone of Bohan to further southern landmarks (Azmon and the Brook/river of Egypt), showing the contiguous border itinerary.
  • Num.34:4–5 (thematic): Gives the national southern boundary of the land of Canaan using similar topographical/legal boundary practice (ascent/valley/river markers); thematically parallels Joshua’s tribal border descriptions and use of place‑names and landmarks to delimit territory.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And the border went up to Beth‑hoglah and passed north of Beth‑aravah; the border went up to the stone of Bohan son of Reuben.
  • The border went up to Beth‑hoglah and passed north of Beth‑arabah; and the border went up to the stone of Bohan, son of Reuben.
7 It went up from the Valley of Achor to Debir, and northward it turned toward Gilgal before the ascent of Adummim (the way to the Negev to the valley); and the border passed on to the waters of En‑Shemesh, and its outlet was at En‑Rogel.

Jos.15.7 - Details

Translation

It went up from the Valley of Achor to Debir, and northward it turned toward Gilgal before the ascent of Adummim (the way to the Negev to the valley); and the border passed on to the waters of En‑Shemesh, and its outlet was at En‑Rogel.

Original Text

ועלה הגבול ׀ דברה מעמק עכור וצפונה פנה אל־ הגלגל אשר־ נכח למעלה אדמים אשר מנגב לנחל ועבר הגבול אל־ מי־ עין שמש והיו תצאתיו אל־ עין רגל׃

Morphology

  • ועלה: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • הגבול: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • דברה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • מעמק: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עכור: ADJ,m,sg
  • וצפונה: CONJ+ADV
  • פנה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אל: NEG
  • הגלגל: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • נכח: PREP
  • למעלה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אדמים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • מנגב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לנחל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ועבר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • הגבול: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אל: NEG
  • מי: PRON,interr,sg
  • עין: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • שמש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • והיו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • תצאתיו: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • עין: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • רגל: NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Josh.15.6 (structural): Immediate preceding verse in the same boundary passage; continues the geographic sequence that leads into 15:7 (same region and landmarks).
  • Josh.15.8 (verbal): Follows 15:7 and continues listing border points (mentions En-shemesh and En-rogel); shares the same place-names and border sequence as 15:7.
  • Josh.7:24-26 (verbal): Mentions the Valley of Achor (עמק עכור), the same geographic feature named in 15:7, in the narrative of Achan’s sin and punishment.
  • Hos.2:15 (allusion): Prophetic reuse of 'Valley of Achor' as a symbolic place ('door of hope'/'trouble'), echoing the place-name and its theological resonance found in Joshua 15:7.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And the border went up from the valley of the son of Hinnom to the northern slope and turned toward the hill that stands before the ascent of Adummim, which looks toward the south of the brook; and the border passed to the waters of En‑Shammayim, and its ends were at En‑rogel.
  • And the border went up from the Valley of Achor to the north and turned toward the Gilgal that is before Adummim, from the Negev to the brook; it passed to the waters of En‑Shemesh, and its outgoing point was at En‑Rogel.
8 It went up by the valley of the son of Hinnom to the shoulder of the Jebusite on the west (that is Jerusalem); and the border went up to the head of the hill that looks toward the Valley of the Son of Hinnom on the west and to the valley opening into the Valley of Rephaim on the north.

Jos.15.8 - Details

Translation

It went up by the valley of the son of Hinnom to the shoulder of the Jebusite on the west (that is Jerusalem); and the border went up to the head of the hill that looks toward the Valley of the Son of Hinnom on the west and to the valley opening into the Valley of Rephaim on the north.

Original Text

ועלה הגבול גי בן־ הנם אל־ כתף היבוסי מנגב היא ירושלם ועלה הגבול אל־ ראש ההר אשר על־ פני גי־ הנם ימה אשר בקצה עמק־ רפאים צפנה׃

Morphology

  • ועלה: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • הגבול: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • גי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הנם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אל: NEG
  • כתף: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • היבוסי: ADJ,m,sg,def
  • מנגב: PREP
  • היא: PRON,dem,3,f,sg
  • ירושלם: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ועלה: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • הגבול: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אל: NEG
  • ראש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ההר: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • על: PREP
  • פני: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • גי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הנם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ימה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • בקצה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עמק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • רפאים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • צפנה: ADV

Parallels

  • Josh.15:63 (verbal): Same chapter's note that the Jebusites (residents of Jebus/Jerusalem) continued to dwell in Jerusalem within Judah -- echoes the identification of the border reaching Jebus.
  • 2 Sam.5:6-9 (allusion): David's capture of Jebus (Jerusalem) from the Jebusites and naming of the stronghold/City of David ties historically to the Jebusite city named in Joshua's boundary description.
  • 2 Sam.5:18-22 (thematic): These verses describe Philistine encounters in the valley of Rephaim near Jerusalem; Joshua 15:8 likewise locates the Judean border at the edge/top of the valley of Rephaim, linking the same geographic feature.
  • Jer.7:31 (thematic): Jeremiah's reference to Topheth/child sacrifice in the valley of Ben‑Hinnom (Gehenna) uses the same Ben‑Hinnom valley that Joshua 15:8 names in defining Jerusalem's border.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And the border went up the valley of Ben‑Hinnom to the shoulder of the Jebusite on the south (that is, Jerusalem). And the border went up to the top of the hill that lies before the valley of Rephaim on the west.
  • It went up to the Valley of Ben‑Hinnom to the shoulder of the Jebusite toward the north (that is, Jerusalem); and the border went up to the top of the hill that faces the Valley of Ben‑Hinnom, to the west, to the mouth of the Valley of Rephaim on the north.
9 From the head of the hill it turned to the spring of Nephtoah and went out to the cities of the hill of Ephron; and the border went to Baalah— that is Kiriath‑Jearim.

Jos.15.9 - Details

Translation

From the head of the hill it turned to the spring of Nephtoah and went out to the cities of the hill of Ephron; and the border went to Baalah— that is Kiriath‑Jearim.

Original Text

ותאר הגבול מראש ההר אל־ מעין מי נפתוח ויצא אל־ ערי הר־ עפרון ותאר הגבול בעלה היא קרית יערים׃

Morphology

  • ותאר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • הגבול: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • מראש: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ההר: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אל: NEG
  • מעין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מי: PRON,interr,sg
  • נפתוח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ויצא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • אל: NEG
  • ערי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
  • הר: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • עפרון: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • ותאר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • הגבול: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • בעלה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • היא: PRON,dem,3,f,sg
  • קרית: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • יערים: NOUN,m,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:10 (structural): Immediate continuation of the same boundary description for Judah—same formula “and the border went up” listing adjoining heights and towns.
  • 1 Chronicles 13:6 (verbal): Identifies Baale of Judah as Kiriath‑jearim (the same town named in Josh. 15:9), connecting the place‑name across narrations.
  • 1 Samuel 7:1 (thematic): Mentions the men of Kiriath‑jearim bringing up the ark to the house of Abinadab—uses the same town as a geographical landmark and cultic site.
  • 2 Samuel 6:2 (allusion): Relates David’s retrieval of the ark from Baale of Judah/Kiriath‑jearim to Jerusalem, thematically linking the town named in Joshua’s border list with later national events.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And from the top of the hill it went to the spring of the waters of Nephtoah and came out at the cities of the hill country of Ephron; then the border encircled the hill country toward Baalah, that is, Kiriath‑jearim.
  • The boundary extended from the head of the hill to the spring of the waters of Nephtoah and went out to the cities of the hill of Ephron; the border went up to Baalah (that is, Kiriath‑jearim).
10 And the border circled from Baalah westward to Mount Seir and passed to the shoulder of the hill of the wood on the north—this is Kislon—and descended to Beth‑Shemesh and passed by Timnah.

Jos.15.10 - Details

Translation

And the border circled from Baalah westward to Mount Seir and passed to the shoulder of the hill of the wood on the north—this is Kislon—and descended to Beth‑Shemesh and passed by Timnah.

Original Text

ונסב הגבול מבעלה ימה אל־ הר שעיר ועבר אל־ כתף הר־ יערים מצפונה היא כסלון וירד בית־ שמש ועבר תמנה׃

Morphology

  • ונסב: VERB,qal,perf,1,m,pl
  • הגבול: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • מבעלה: PREP,NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ימה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • הר: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • שעיר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ועבר: CONJ,VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • אל: NEG
  • כתף: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • הר: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • יערים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • מצפונה: PREP,NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • היא: PRON,dem,3,f,sg
  • כסלון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וירד: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שמש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ועבר: CONJ,VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • תמנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Deuteronomy 2:4-5 (allusion): Refers to Mount Seir as the domain of Esau/Edom and instructs Israel not to harass Edom — thematically explains Mount Seir as a boundary/possession referenced in Josh 15:10.
  • Genesis 36:8 (verbal): States that Esau dwelt in Mount Seir (Esau = Edom), linking the place-name Mount Seir in Joshua’s boundary description to Edom’s territory.
  • Joshua 15:9 (structural): Immediate neighboring verse in Joshua’s boundary account; continues the same sequence of places and helps situate the turning point of the border described in 15:10.
  • Joshua 15:11 (structural): Follows 15:10 in the same territorial listing (mentions Beth-shemesh/Timnah region); provides further local detail and continuity for the border route given in 15:10.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And the border turned from Baalah westward to Mount Seir and passed from the shoulder of the hill country of the Jebusites northward (that is to Kislon). Then it went down to Beth‑shemesh and passed on to Timnah.
  • From Baalah it turned westward to Mount Seir and passed along to the shoulder of the hill of the forest on the north (that is, Kessalon); it went down to Beth‑shemesh and passed to Timnah.
11 It went out to the shoulder of Ekron on the north, and circled to Shikkeron, passed to Mount Baalah and came out to Jabneel; and its outlets were to the sea.

Jos.15.11 - Details

Translation

It went out to the shoulder of Ekron on the north, and circled to Shikkeron, passed to Mount Baalah and came out to Jabneel; and its outlets were to the sea.

Original Text

ויצא הגבול אל־ כתף עקרון צפונה ותאר הגבול שכרונה ועבר הר־ הבעלה ויצא יבנאל והיו תצאות הגבול ימה׃

Morphology

  • ויצא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • הגבול: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אל: NEG
  • כתף: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • עקרון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • צפונה: ADV
  • ותאר: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • הגבול: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • שכרונה: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • ועבר: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • הר: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • הבעלה: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ויצא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • יבנאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • והיו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • תצאות: NOUN,f,pl,cons
  • הגבול: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ימה: NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:1-12 (structural): Immediate context: the contiguous, detailed list of Judah’s western/southern border points that includes the same sequence of place‑names and the closing phrase about the coast reaching the sea.
  • Numbers 34:4-5 (verbal): Another Old Testament boundary list that specifies the western border 'unto the great sea'—paralleling Joshua’s concluding note that the border 'went out to the sea'.
  • Joshua 1:4 (thematic): A broader statement of the Promised Land’s boundaries ('from the wilderness and this Lebanon... unto the great sea') that frames the same concern with territorial limits and coastal extent found in Joshua 15:11.
  • Deuteronomy 11:24 (thematic): A promise about the extent of Israel’s inheritance ('every place whereon the sole of your foot shall tread') which thematically undergirds the chapter’s precise allotment and border descriptions in Joshua 15.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And the border went out to the shoulder of Ekron northward; the border turned to Shikron and passed along to Mount Baalah, went out to Jabneel, and its ends were at the sea.
  • It went out to the shoulder of Ekron toward the north; the border encompassed Shikrona, passed by the hill of Baalah, and went out to Jabneel; the outward boundary was the sea.
12 And the western boundary was the Great Sea; this was the border of the sons of Judah all around, by their families.

Jos.15.12 - Details

Translation

And the western boundary was the Great Sea; this was the border of the sons of Judah all around, by their families.

Original Text

וגבול ים הימה הגדול וגבול זה גבול בני־ יהודה סביב למשפחתם׃

Morphology

  • וגבול: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ים: NOUN,m,sg,cs
  • הימה: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הגדול: ADJ,m,sg,def
  • וגבול: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • זה: PRON,dem,m,sg
  • גבול: NOUN,m,sg,cs
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
  • סביב: ADV
  • למשפחתם: PREP,NOUN,f,sg,abs,PRON,3,pl

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:1 (structural): Introduces the allotment of Judah 'to their families' (לפי משפחותם), the same distributional/territorial formula framing Joshua 15:12's boundary statement.
  • Numbers 34:5 (verbal): Gives the southern border 'unto the uttermost sea' (the sea as the boundary), parallel language specifying the land's border reaching the sea.
  • Joshua 15:47 (verbal): Lists towns 'in the coast of the sea' within Judah's inheritance, another statement marking Judah's western/coastal limits toward the Great Sea.
  • Judges 1:18–19 (thematic): Describes Judah's campaigns and acquisition of coastal towns (Gaza, Ashkelon, Ekron) and interactions at the sea—themewise parallel about Judah's territorial reach to the seaside.

Alternative generated candidates

  • This was the western boundary: the great sea; and this was the boundary of the sons of Judah around by their families.
  • And to the west was the Great Sea; thus was the boundary of the sons of Judah around according to their clans.
13 And to Caleb son of Jephunneh he gave a portion among the sons of Judah, according to the word of the LORD to Joshua: Kiriath‑Arba, the father of the Anakim, is Hebron.

Jos.15.13 - Details

Translation

And to Caleb son of Jephunneh he gave a portion among the sons of Judah, according to the word of the LORD to Joshua: Kiriath‑Arba, the father of the Anakim, is Hebron.

Original Text

ולכלב בן־ יפנה נתן חלק בתוך בני־ יהודה אל־ פי יהוה ליהושע את־ קרית ארבע אבי הענק היא חברון׃

Morphology

  • ולכלב: CONJ+PREP,NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יפנה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • חלק: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • בתוך: PREP
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
  • אל: NEG
  • פי: NOUN,m,sg,construct
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • ליהושע: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • קרית: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • ארבע: NUM,card,f
  • אבי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • הענק: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • היא: PRON,dem,3,f,sg
  • חברון: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 14:13 (verbal): Nearly identical statement: Caleb son of Jephunneh is given Hebron/Kiriath‑arba as his inheritance — the grant is repeated with the same language.
  • Joshua 14:6-15 (structural): Extended parallel narrative: Caleb's request to Joshua for Hebron, his reminder of God's promise, and the formal bestowal of the land.
  • Numbers 14:24 (thematic): Divine promise to Caleb because he had a different spirit and followed the LORD fully — the theological basis for his receiving Hebron.
  • Judges 1:10-11 (structural): Account of Judah's capture of Hebron and Caleb driving out the sons of Anak — echoes the territorial possession and conquest tied to Caleb's inheritance.
  • Deuteronomy 1:36 (allusion): Earlier divine exception for Caleb (he shall enter the land) — prelude to the promise and later allotment of Hebron.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And to Caleb son of Jephunneh he gave a portion among the sons of Judah, according to the word of the LORD to Joshua: Kiriath‑arba, the father of Anak, that is Hebron.
  • And to Caleb son of Jephunneh he gave a portion among the sons of Judah, by the command of the LORD to Joshua: Kiriath‑arba, the father of the Anakim, which is Hebron.
14 And Caleb drove out from there the three sons of Anak—Sheshai, Ahiman and Talmai.

Jos.15.14 - Details

Translation

And Caleb drove out from there the three sons of Anak—Sheshai, Ahiman and Talmai.

Original Text

וירש משם כלב את־ שלושה בני הענק את־ ששי ואת־ אחימן ואת־ תלמי ילידי הענק׃

Morphology

  • וירש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg,pref_vav
  • משם: PREP
  • כלב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • שלושה: NUM,m,pl,abs
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • הענק: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • את: PRT,acc
  • ששי: ADJ,m,sg
  • ואת: CONJ
  • אחימן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ואת: CONJ
  • תלמי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ילידי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • הענק: NOUN,m,sg,def

Parallels

  • Numbers 13:22 (verbal): The spies 'went to Hebron' and report seeing 'the descendants of Anak' and the names Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai — the same figures named here.
  • Judges 1:10 (verbal): A near‑verbatim tradition: 'Caleb drove out the three sons of Anak from Hebron: Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai,' repeating Joshua's wording.
  • Joshua 11:21-22 (thematic): Describes Joshua's campaign removing the Anakim from the hill country, providing the broader conquest context for Caleb's expulsion of the Anakim.
  • Joshua 14:12 (allusion): Caleb's plea for Hebron explicitly refers to the presence of the Anakim there and his desire to possess the mountain — background to his later driving them out.
  • Deuteronomy 1:28 (thematic): The spies' report that 'the sons of Anak' were in the land reflects the same tradition of fear and the presence of the Anakim that Caleb later confronts.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Caleb drove out from there three sons of Anak—Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai—descendants of Anak.
  • From there Caleb drove out three sons of Anak: Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai.
15 And from there he went up against the inhabitants of Debir. Formerly Debir was called Kiriath‑sepher.

Jos.15.15 - Details

Translation

And from there he went up against the inhabitants of Debir. Formerly Debir was called Kiriath‑sepher.

Original Text

ויעל משם אל־ ישבי דבר ושם־ דבר לפנים קרית־ ספר׃

Morphology

  • ויעל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • משם: PREP
  • אל: NEG
  • ישבי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ושם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לפנים: PREP
  • קרית: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • ספר: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Judges 1:11-15 (verbal): Direct parallel account naming Debir as Kiriath‑sepher; repeats the same tradition and recounts Othniel’s capture of the city and the offer of Achsah.
  • Joshua 15:16-19 (verbal): Immediate continuation in the same chapter: the narrative about Othniel capturing Debir (Kiriath‑sepher) and marrying Achsah repeats and expands the detail in vv.16–19.
  • Joshua 10:38 (thematic): Part of Joshua’s list of southern conquests; includes the capture of towns in the hill country (contextual parallel showing the conquest tradition that includes Debir/Kiriath‑sepher).

Alternative generated candidates

  • And from there he went up to the inhabitants of Debir; formerly the name of Debir was Kiriath‑sepher.
  • From there he went up against the inhabitants of Debir; formerly Debir was called Kiriath‑sepher.
16 And Caleb said, “He who strikes Kiriath‑sepher and captures it, to him will I give Achsah my daughter as wife.”

Jos.15.16 - Details

Translation

And Caleb said, “He who strikes Kiriath‑sepher and captures it, to him will I give Achsah my daughter as wife.”

Original Text

ויאמר כלב אשר־ יכה את־ קרית־ ספר ולכדה ונתתי לו את־ עכסה בתי לאשה׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • כלב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • יכה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • קרית: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • ספר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ולכדה: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg,obj:3f
  • ונתתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • עכסה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • בתי: NOUN,f,sg,abs,1cs
  • לאשה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Judges 1:12–13 (quotation): Direct parallel account: Caleb offers his daughter Achsah as a reward to whoever captures Kiriath‑sepher (Debir); Othniel son of Kenaz takes the city and marries her—nearly identical wording and action.
  • Joshua 15:17 (structural): Immediate continuation in Joshua: records that Othniel captured Kiriath‑sepher and Caleb gave him Achsah, completing the event promised in v.16.
  • Judges 1:14–15 (verbal): Follow‑up to the same episode in Judges: after marriage Achsah requests and receives springs of water—an element of the narrative tied to the marriage reward first offered in v.16.
  • Joshua 14:6–15 (thematic): Thematic parallel in which Caleb claims his inheritance for faithful service and conquest; both passages highlight Caleb’s granting/receiving of land and rewards for military achievement and faithfulness.
  • Judges 3:9–11 (allusion): Othniel (identified as Kenaz’s son in Judges) later appears as Israel’s deliverer/judge; this ties the husband of Achsah (the victor of Kiriath‑sepher) to the later tradition of Othniel the judge.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Caleb said, “Whoever attacks and captures Kiriath‑sepher, to him I will give Achsah my daughter as wife.”
  • And Caleb said, “Whoever attacks Kiriath‑sepher and captures it, to him I will give Achsah my daughter as a wife.”
17 And Othniel son of Kenaz, the brother of Caleb, captured it; and he gave him Achsah his daughter as wife.

Jos.15.17 - Details

Translation

And Othniel son of Kenaz, the brother of Caleb, captured it; and he gave him Achsah his daughter as wife.

Original Text

וילכדה עתניאל בן־ קנז אחי כלב ויתן־ לו את־ עכסה בתו לאשה׃

Morphology

  • וילכדה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • עתניאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • קנז: NOUN,prop,m,sg
  • אחי: NOUN,m,pl,suff
  • כלב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ויתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • עכסה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • בתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • לאשה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Judges 1:12-13 (quotation): Repeats the same episode: Othniel son of Kenaz takes the city (Kiriath-sepher) and Caleb gives him his daughter Achsah in marriage, effectively the same narrative as Joshua 15:17.
  • Judges 1:14-15 (verbal): Immediate continuation of the Judges account: Achsah asks her father for springs of water and Caleb grants both upper and lower springs—details tied to the marriage of Achsah to Othniel.
  • Judges 3:9-11 (allusion): Refers to Othniel son of Kenaz (Caleb’s younger brother) in his later role as Israel’s first judge, linking the marital/genealogical note in Josh 15:17 to his subsequent leadership.
  • 1 Chronicles 4:14-15 (structural): Genealogical listing that connects Kenaz and his descendants (including Othniel), corroborating the family relationship between Othniel and Caleb noted in Joshua 15:17.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Othniel son of Kenaz, Caleb’s younger brother, captured it; and he gave Achsah his daughter to him for a wife.
  • Othniel son of Kenaz, the brother of Caleb, captured it; and he gave him Achsah his daughter as wife.
18 When she came to him she urged him to ask her father a field; and she dismounted from the donkey, and Caleb said to her, “What is it you want?”

Jos.15.18 - Details

Translation

When she came to him she urged him to ask her father a field; and she dismounted from the donkey, and Caleb said to her, “What is it you want?”

Original Text

ויהי בבואה ותסיתהו לשאול מאת־ אביה שדה ותצנח מעל החמור ויאמר־ לה כלב מה־ לך׃

Morphology

  • ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • בבואה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ותסיתהו: VERB,hiph,wayyiqtol,3,f,sg
  • לשאול: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
  • מאת: PREP
  • אביה: NOUN,m,sg,suff
  • שדה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ותצנח: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,f,sg
  • מעל: PREP
  • החמור: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • לה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
  • כלב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מה: PRON,int
  • לך: PRON,2,m,sg

Parallels

  • Judges 1:12-15 (quotation): Direct retelling of the same episode: Othniel (son of Kenaz) takes Debir, is given Achsah in marriage, and she urges him to ask her father for a field (same actions and dialogue).
  • Josh.15:19 (structural): Immediate narrative continuation: after she dismounts and Caleb asks 'What wilt thou?', she requests springs and Caleb grants her the upper and lower springs—completes the episode begun in 15:18.
  • Josh.14:6-15 (thematic): Caleb’s earlier request for and receipt of his inheritance (Hebron) highlights his land-grant status and character of petitioning for territory, providing background to Caleb’s interaction with his daughter here.
  • Judges 3:9-11 (allusion): Mentions Othniel son of Kenaz as Israel’s deliverer/judge; connects the same Othniel who won Debir and married Achsah, linking the marital/territorial episode in Joshua/Judges 1 to his later role.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And when she came to him she urged him to ask her father for a field; and she dismounted from her donkey. And Caleb said to her, “What do you want?”
  • When she came, she urged him to ask her father for a field; she dismounted from the donkey, and Caleb said to her, “What do you want?”
19 She said to him, “Give me a blessing; since you have given me the land of the Negev, give me also springs of water.” And he gave her the upper spring and the lower spring.

Jos.15.19 - Details

Translation

She said to him, “Give me a blessing; since you have given me the land of the Negev, give me also springs of water.” And he gave her the upper spring and the lower spring.

Original Text

ותאמר תנה־ לי ברכה כי ארץ הנגב נתתני ונתתה לי גלת מים ויתן־ לה את גלת עליות ואת גלת תחתיות׃

Morphology

  • ותאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • תנה: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • ברכה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • כי: CONJ
  • ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • הנגב: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • נתתני: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
  • ונתתה: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
  • לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • גלת: NOUN,f,sg,const
  • מים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ויתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • לה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • גלת: NOUN,f,sg,const
  • עליות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • ואת: CONJ
  • גלת: NOUN,f,sg,const
  • תחתיות: NOUN,f,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:16-18 (structural): Immediate context: the preceding verses record Othniel's capture of Debir and Caleb giving his daughter Achsah in marriage—setting up her request for 'springs of water' and the gift of the upper and lower springs (the same episode continued into v.19).
  • Judges 1:12-15 (quotation): A near-parallel retelling of the same episode: Othniel captures Debir, receives Achsah as wife, and she asks her father for springs of water; he grants her the upper and lower springs (verbal and narrative overlap).
  • Judges 3:9-11 (allusion): Refers to Othniel son of Kenaz as Israel's deliverer and judge; alludes to the same figure who in Joshua/Judges 1 receives Achsah—connecting the marriage/springs episode to Othniel's later role in Israel's history.

Alternative generated candidates

  • She said, “Give me a blessing; since you have given me the Negeb, give me also springs of water.” And he gave her the upper springs and the lower springs.
  • She said, “Give me a blessing; since you have given me the land of the Negev, give me also springs of water.” He gave her the upper springs and the lower springs.
20 This is the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Judah by their families.

Jos.15.20 - Details

Translation

This is the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Judah by their families.

Original Text

זאת נחלת מטה בני־ יהודה למשפחתם׃

Morphology

  • זאת: DEM,f,sg
  • נחלת: NOUN,f,sg,const
  • מטה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
  • למשפחתם: PREP,NOUN,f,sg,abs,PRON,3,pl

Parallels

  • Numbers 26:52-56 (structural): Prescribes the procedure for assigning the land by lot to the tribes of Israel—background legal/administrative framework for statements like 'this is the lot of the tribe of Judah.'
  • Judges 1:2-4 (thematic): Narrates Judah's leading role in the conquest and the receiving of territory, thematically parallel to Joshua's allocation of the inheritance to Judah and its families.
  • 1 Chronicles 2:1-4 (verbal): Lists the sons and clans of Judah, paralleling Joshua's formulaic reference to the tribe of Judah 'according to their families' (mispachot) and the internal family divisions receiving inheritance.
  • Genesis 49:8-12 (thematic): Jacob's blessing of Judah as preeminent and destined for leadership/possession anticipates Judah's territorial inheritance and undergirds passages allocating land to the tribe.

Alternative generated candidates

  • This is the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Judah according to their clans.
  • This was the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Judah by their clans.
21 The cities were at the outermost part of the tribe of Judah, toward the border of Edom in the Negev: Kabzeel, Eder and Jagur.

Jos.15.21 - Details

Translation

The cities were at the outermost part of the tribe of Judah, toward the border of Edom in the Negev: Kabzeel, Eder and Jagur.

Original Text

ויהיו הערים מקצה למטה בני־ יהודה אל־ גבול אדום בנגבה קבצאל ועדר ויגור׃

Morphology

  • ויהיו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • הערים: NOUN,f,pl,def
  • מקצה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • למטה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
  • אל: NEG
  • גבול: NOUN,m,sg,cs
  • אדום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בנגבה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • קבצאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ועדר: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ויגור: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:1-63 (structural): The verse is part of this larger chapter-long allotment listing the towns and borders of Judah; the chapter repeats and contextualizes the same Negeb towns named in v.21.
  • Joshua 19:2-9 (thematic): The allotment of Simeon lists towns located 'in the midst of the inheritance of the children of Judah' in the Negeb, illustrating overlapping southern settlements and echoing the same regional place‑names and border dynamics.
  • Numbers 34:3-5 (thematic): Gives the southern boundary of the land toward the wilderness of Zin and the border of Edom—paralleling Josh 15:21's reference to Judah's towns 'to the border of Edom in the Negeb'.
  • 1 Chronicles 4:28-31 (allusion): Lists clans and settlements whose territory extends 'to the border of Edom in the Negeb,' echoing the same geographic phrasing and southern settlement pattern found in Josh 15:21.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And the cities of the Negeb belonging to the tribe of the sons of Judah, toward the border of Edom, were: Kabzeel, Eder, and Jagur,
  • The cities at the far south of the tribe of Judah toward the border of Edom were: Kabzeel, Eder, and Jagur.
22 Kinah, Dimonah and Adadah.

Jos.15.22 - Details

Translation

Kinah, Dimonah and Adadah.

Original Text

וקינה ודימונה ועדעדה׃

Morphology

  • וקינה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ודימונה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ועדעדה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:21-32 (verbal): Immediate context: verse 22 is part of this contiguous list of towns in the allotment of Judah (the towns Kinah/ Qînah, Dimonah, Adadah appear in this sequence).
  • Judges 1:11-15 (thematic): Judges 1 narrates Judah's conquest and settlement of southern towns in the Negev and foothills, paralleling the same territorial and settlement material found in Joshua 15.
  • Joshua 19:1-9 (structural): Joshua 19 records the allotment to Simeon within the territory of Judah; the city lists here cover the Negeb/ southern region and structurally parallel the town lists of Joshua 15 (overlap in regional settlement patterns).
  • 1 Chronicles 4:28-31 (allusion): Chronicles preserves later genealogical and local lists naming towns of southern Judah/Negeb; these echo the town‑list tradition found in Joshua 15 and reflect the same regional toponymy.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Kinah, Dimonah, and Adadah,
  • Kina, Dimonah, and Adadah.
23 Kadesh, Hazor and Jithnan.

Jos.15.23 - Details

Translation

Kadesh, Hazor and Jithnan.

Original Text

וקדש וחצור ויתנן׃

Morphology

  • וקדש: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וחצור: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ויתנן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 11:10–11 (verbal): Hazor appears here as the major Canaanite city captured and burned by Joshua — the same place-name (חצור) that occurs in the town-list of Joshua 15:23.
  • Numbers 13:26 (verbal): The spies return to Kadesh (Kadesh‑barnea) and report on the land — the same Kadesh (קדש) named in Joshua 15's list of Judahite localities.
  • Deuteronomy 1:46 (thematic): Records the Israelites' encampment at Kadesh during the wilderness wanderings; thematically connects to the place-name Kadesh in Joshua 15, which figures in territorial and historical memory.
  • Judges 1:1–2:2 (structural): Judges 1 contains a parallel tradition of conquest and the distribution of towns in Judah and surrounding regions; structurally comparable to Joshua 15's catalogue of towns (including names like Kadesh/Hazor) in the allotment material.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Kedesh, Hazor, and Ithnan,
  • Kedesh, Hazor, and Yitnan.
24 Ziph, Telem and Baalath.

Jos.15.24 - Details

Translation

Ziph, Telem and Baalath.

Original Text

זיף וטלם ובעלות׃

Morphology

  • זיף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וטלם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ובעלות: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:23 (structural): Immediate parallel in the same territorial list of Judah — Joshua 15:23–24 are contiguous entries naming towns in the hill country (contextual continuation of the place-list).
  • 1 Samuel 23:19 (verbal): Mentions Ziph (the Ziphites) as a locality where David took refuge; the same place-name from the Joshua town-list appears in narratives of the monarchy period.
  • 1 Samuel 26:3 (verbal): Refers to the wilderness of Ziph in the account of Saul's pursuit of David, showing Ziph's continued geographic and narrative significance after the conquest period.
  • Psalm 54:1 (superscription) (allusion): The psalm’s heading alludes to the Ziphites’ betrayal of David to Saul (‘When the Ziphims came…’), echoing the place-name found in Joshua 15:24 and linking the town to later historical events.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Ziph, Telem, and Bealoth,
  • Ziph, Telem, and Bealoth.
25 Hazor‑hadattah and Kirioth‑Hezron (that is Hazor).

Jos.15.25 - Details

Translation

Hazor‑hadattah and Kirioth‑Hezron (that is Hazor).

Original Text

וחצור ׀ חדתה וקריות חצרון היא חצור׃

Morphology

  • וחצור: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • חדתה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • וקריות: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • חצרון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • היא: PRON,dem,3,f,sg
  • חצור: NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:20-32 (structural): Contextual parallel — this whole section lists the towns and villages of the territory allotted to the tribe of Judah; v.25 is one entry in this contiguous catalog of place-names.
  • Judges 1:10-20 (thematic): Parallel account of Judah’s possession and settlement of towns (including Hebron/Kiriath names); relates to the same regional allotments and city-names in the hill country of Judah.
  • Joshua 11:1 (verbal): Uses the place-name Hazor — demonstrates the recurrence of the name ‘Hazor’ in the biblical tradition (though Joshua 11 refers to the major northern Hazor, while Josh.15:25 refers to a southern Hazor/Hazar‑hadattah).
  • Matthew 10:4 (verbal): New Testament occurrence of the name form ‘Iscariot’ (Judas Iscariot); traditionally understood as ‘Ish‑Kerioth’ — 'man of Kerioth' — linking the town-name Kerioth (Kerioth‑hezron) in Josh.15:25 to the designation of Judas in the Gospels.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Hazor‑hadattah and Kerioth‑hepher—that is Hazor,
  • Hazor‑hadattah and Kerioth‑hezron (that is, Hazor).
26 Amam, Shema and Moladah.

Jos.15.26 - Details

Translation

Amam, Shema and Moladah.

Original Text

אמם ושמע ומולדה׃

Morphology

  • אמם: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ושמע: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • ומולדה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:21-32 (structural): Part of the same contiguous catalogue of towns in the Shephelah and Negev; ʻAmam, Shema and Moladah occur within this extended list of Judah’s southern settlements.
  • Judges 1:11-15 (thematic): Narrative report of Judah’s campaigns and settlement in the southern hill country and Negev — thematically parallel as an account of the conquest and occupation of many of the same Judaean towns and districts.
  • 1 Chronicles 4:28-32 (verbal): Chronicles preserves later genealogical/regional lists that echo the place‑names of southern Judah/Negev; several towns from Joshua’s list (including Moladah and neighboring settlements) reappear in these listings.
  • Nehemiah 11:25-30 (thematic): Post‑exilic roster of inhabitants and towns in Judah’s territory that preserves many of the ancient place‑names found in Joshua 15, illustrating continuity of settlement names such as those in the Negev.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Amam, Shema, and Moladah,
  • Amam, Shema, and Moladah.
27 Hazar‑gad, Heshmon and Beth‑pelet.

Jos.15.27 - Details

Translation

Hazar‑gad, Heshmon and Beth‑pelet.

Original Text

וחצר גדה וחשמון ובית פלט׃

Morphology

  • וחצר: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • גדה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • וחשמון: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ובית: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,cs
  • פלט: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:20-32 (verbal): Immediate context: the extended catalogue of towns in the Shephelah and Negev of Judah; Joshua 15:27 is one entry in this contiguous list and shares wording and place‑name formulae with these verses.
  • Joshua 15:28-32 (verbal): A direct continuation of the same city‑list for southern Judah; these verses repeat the same genre and administrative ordering of place names that frames v.27.
  • Joshua 15:43-47 (structural): Later in the chapter another grouped list of towns in Judah (the southern lowlands and Negev) shows the same organizational pattern of clustered place‑names and territorial assignment as in v.27.
  • Joshua 19:1-9 (thematic): The allotment of Simeon (Joshua 19) is described as lying within Judah’s territory; thematically this passage parallels Joshua 15’s city lists by showing overlapping settlements and the reuse of southern Judah place‑names in a neighbouring tribal allotment.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Hazar‑gad, Heshmon, and Beth‑palet,
  • Hazar‑gad, Heshmon, and Beth‑paleth.
28 Hazar‑shual, Beersheba and its wells.

Jos.15.28 - Details

Translation

Hazar‑shual, Beersheba and its wells.

Original Text

וחצר שועל ובאר שבע ובזיותיה׃

Morphology

  • וחצר: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • שועל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ובאר: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • שבע: NUM,card
  • ובזיותיה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Josh.19:2 (verbal): Repeats many of the same southern place-names (Beersheba, Hazar‑Shual, etc.) in the allotment lists; the towns occur again in the listing of Simeon’s inheritance within Judah.
  • 1 Chronicles 4:28–31 (structural): Later genealogical/topographical summary of the tribes (Simeon among the territory of Judah) that lists settlements in the southern Negev, reflecting the same territorial reality as Joshua 15’s town lists.
  • Genesis 21:31 (thematic): Earliest tradition associating Beersheba with covenantal acts (Abraham’s treaty with Abimelech) — connects the town named in Joshua 15:28 to its wider historical and cultic significance.
  • Genesis 26:23–25 (thematic): Isaac’s sojourn and altar/well at Beersheba (and naming of the place) — another foundational tradition that explains the continued prominence of Beersheba in territorial lists like Joshua 15:28.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Hazar‑susah, Beersheba, and its villages,
  • Hazar‑shual, Beersheba and its villages.
29 Baalah, Iim and Ezem.

Jos.15.29 - Details

Translation

Baalah, Iim and Ezem.

Original Text

בעלה ועיים ועצם׃

Morphology

  • בעלה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ועיים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ועצם: NOUN,m,sg,abs,pref:wa

Parallels

  • Josh.15:28-30 (structural): Immediate context — the surrounding verses continue the same alphabetical/territorial catalog of towns in the Shephelah/Negev of Judah and include the same cluster of place‑names as v.29.
  • Judges 1:11-15 (thematic): Post‑conquest settlement lists for Judah — recounts Judah's capture/settlement of towns in the same southern/Shephelah region and parallels the territorial catalogue found in Joshua 15.
  • 1 Chronicles 4:28-31 (thematic): Later genealogical/territorial summary that lists villages in the southern Negev/Shephelah area; provides a parallel tradition of southern town‑lists that overlaps the geographic scope of Joshua 15.
  • Nehemiah 11:25-30 (thematic): Post‑exilic register of inhabitants and towns of Judah — preserves a list of settlements in the same broader region, reflecting continuity with the pre‑exilic city lists in Joshua 15.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Baalah, Iim, and Ezem,
  • Baalah, Iim, and Ezem.
30 Eltolad, Chesil and Hormah.

Jos.15.30 - Details

Translation

Eltolad, Chesil and Hormah.

Original Text

ואלתולד וכסיל וחרמה׃

Morphology

  • ואלתולד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וכסיל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וחרמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Josh.15:29 (verbal): Immediately preceding verse in the same catalogue of towns in the hill-country of Judah; shares the same sequence and vocabulary (part of the contiguous city-list).
  • Josh.15:31 (verbal): Follows v.30 and continues the same verbal enumeration of Judahite towns; part of the continuous list of settlements in Joshua 15.
  • Josh.15:32 (structural): Continues the cluster of city-names enumerating the towns of the hill country of Judah; structurally parallel as part of the extended municipal catalogue in Joshua 15.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Eltolad, Chesil, and Hormah,
  • Tolad, Chesil, and Hormah.
31 Ziklag, Madmannah and Sansannah.

Jos.15.31 - Details

Translation

Ziklag, Madmannah and Sansannah.

Original Text

וצקלג ומדמנה וסנסנה׃

Morphology

  • וצקלג: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ומדמנה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • וסנסנה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:20-32 (structural): Immediate context — the larger list of towns in the southern lowland and Negev of Judah of which 'Ziklag, Madmannah, Sansannah' are a part; shows the verse as part of the territorial catalogue for Judah.
  • 1 Samuel 27:6 (verbal): Mentions Ziklag by name as the town given to David by Achish king of Gath — connects to Josh 15:31’s listing of Ziklag in Judah’s territory and its later history.
  • 1 Samuel 30:1–6 (verbal): Describes the Amalekite attack on and burning of Ziklag and David’s crisis there — thematically linked because Josh 15:31 identifies Ziklag as an inhabited town later significant in David’s narrative.
  • Joshua 19:1–9 (thematic): The allotment of the tribe of Simeon, which was given territory within the boundaries of Judah; thematically parallels Joshua 15’s city lists and the overlap/administrative relationships between tribal allotments in the south.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Ziklag, Madmannah, and Sansannah,
  • Ziklag, Madmannah, and Sansannah.
32 Lebooth, Shilhim, Ain and Rimmon—nineteen cities and their villages.

Jos.15.32 - Details

Translation

Lebooth, Shilhim, Ain and Rimmon—nineteen cities and their villages.

Original Text

ולבאות ושלחים ועין ורמון כל־ ערים עשרים ותשע וחצריהן׃

Morphology

  • ולבאות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • ושלחים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ועין: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ורמון: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כל: DET
  • ערים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • עשרים: NUM,card,pl
  • ותשע: NUM
  • וחצריהן: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:3,pl

Parallels

  • Josh.15:27 (verbal): Immediate parallel within the same chapter: part of the contiguous catalogue of towns in Judah’s allotment—same genre and many shared place-names and formulaic wording.
  • Josh.15:30 (verbal): Another nearby verse in the Judah-town list; repeats the catalogue structure and includes adjoining settlements that together form the full list of twenty-nine towns and their villages.
  • Judg.1:11-15 (thematic): Judges 1 records the later conquest and settlement of towns in Judah’s territory; thematically parallel as a second textual tradition describing occupation of many of the same towns/region (overlap with place-names and settlement history).
  • Josh.21:11-12 (structural): Lists Levitical cities allotted within Judah’s territory. Structurally parallel because it reuses the geographic framework of Joshua 15 and preserves some of the same place‑names (showing overlap between tribal allotment lists and priestly city lists).

Alternative generated candidates

  • Lebaoth, Shilhim, Ain, and Rimmon—twenty‑nine cities with their villages.
  • Libnah, Shilhim, Ain, and Rimmon—these cities in all twenty‑nine with their villages.
33 In the lowland: Eshtaol, Zorah and Ashnah.

Jos.15.33 - Details

Translation

In the lowland: Eshtaol, Zorah and Ashnah.

Original Text

בשפלה אשתאול וצרעה ואשנה׃

Morphology

  • בשפלה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אשתאול: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וצרעה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ואשנה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Josh.15:32 (structural): Immediate neighboring verse in the same chapter — part of the contiguous list of towns in the Shephelah allotted to Judah (the verse is part of the same geographic/administrative catalog).
  • Judg.13:2 (allusion): Names Zorah (צָרְעָה) as the hometown of Manoah’s wife and the birthplace/home of Samson, linking the town in Joshua’s allotment to later narrative significance.
  • Judg.16:31 (allusion): Reports that Samson was buried in the tomb of his father Manoah in Zorah, further tying the town named in Joshua’s town-list to Israel’s heroic tradition and burial customs.

Alternative generated candidates

  • In the lowland: Eshtaol, Zorah, and Ashnah,
  • In the Shephelah: Eshtaol, Zorah, and Ashnah.
34 Zanoah, En‑gannim, Tappuah and Enam.

Jos.15.34 - Details

Translation

Zanoah, En‑gannim, Tappuah and Enam.

Original Text

וזנוח ועין גנים תפוח והעינם׃

Morphology

  • וזנוח: CONJ+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • ועין: CONJ+NOUN,prop,f,sg,abs
  • גנים: NOUN,prop,m,pl,abs
  • תפוח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • והעינם: CONJ+NOUN,prop,f,pl,def

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:32-36 (structural): Immediate parallel within the same chapter — this verse is part of the larger catalogue of towns in the Shephelah and southern hill country of Judah that runs through Joshua 15.
  • Joshua 17:8 (verbal): Tappuah appears here as well (boundary/settlement in the hill country/lowlands); the same place-name is used elsewhere in Joshua in connection with tribal allotments.
  • 1 Samuel 24:1-3 (verbal): En-gedi (a place-name in Josh. 15 lists) recurs as the wilderness/settlement where David hides from Saul, showing the same geographical name later in narrative history.
  • Judges 1:8-35 (thematic): Judges 1 contains the parallel account of early Israelite operations in Judah and adjacent regions and lists many of the same towns/territorial struggles, providing a thematic cross-reference to the conquest and settlement material in Joshua 15.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Zanoach, En‑gannim, Tappuah, and Enam,
  • Zanoah, En‑gannim, Tappuah, and Enam.
35 Jarmuth, Adullam, Socoh and Azekah.

Jos.15.35 - Details

Translation

Jarmuth, Adullam, Socoh and Azekah.

Original Text

ירמות ועדלם שוכה ועזקה׃

Morphology

  • ירמות: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ועדלם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שוכה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ועזקה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Josh.10.3 (verbal): Jarmuth/Jarmuth appears among the five Amorite kings (Joshua 10:3); same place-name (Yarmuth/Jarmuth) as the town listed in Joshua 15:35.
  • 1 Sam.17:1–3 (verbal): Socoh and Azekah are mentioned together as the landmarks between which the Philistine army camped (the valley of Elah); the same pair of towns occurs in Joshua 15:35, confirming their geographic association.
  • 1 Sam.22:1 (verbal): Adullam appears later as the site of David’s refuge (the cave of Adullam); this reuses the place-name listed among Judah’s towns in Joshua 15:35, showing its continued prominence.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Jarmuth, Adithaim, Socho, and Azekah,
  • Jarmuth, Adullam, Socoh, and Azekah.
36 Shaaraim, Adithaim, Gederah and Gederothaim—fourteen cities and their villages.

Jos.15.36 - Details

Translation

Shaaraim, Adithaim, Gederah and Gederothaim—fourteen cities and their villages.

Original Text

ושערים ועדיתים והגדרה וגדרתים ערים ארבע־ עשרה וחצריהן׃

Morphology

  • ושערים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ועדיתים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • והגדרה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • וגדרתים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ערים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • ארבע: NUM,card,f
  • עשרה: NUM,card,m,pl
  • וחצריהן: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:3,pl

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:29 (structural): Nearby verse in the same chapter — part of the contiguous list of towns in the territory of Judah; shares the same cataloging function and local toponymy.
  • Joshua 15:41 (structural): Another verse in the Judah city-list that repeats the formula of naming towns followed by 'and their villages' (or suburbs); shows the same compositional pattern for allotment lists.
  • Judges 1:11 (thematic): Early Judges account of Judah's conquests and city-captures (e.g., Debir/Kiriath-sepher) overlaps with places found in Joshua's city lists; both traditions preserve the same southern toponyms and settlement information.
  • Joshua 21:11 (verbal): Part of the list of Levitical towns ('and their suburbs' / חצריהם) given in Joshua 21; uses the same language and administrative concern for towns and their surrounding hamlets/suburbs.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Shaaraim, Adithaim, Gederah, and Gederothaim—fourteen cities with their villages.
  • Shaaraim, Adithaim, Gederah, and Gederothaim—fourteen cities with their villages.
37 Zanoah, Hadashah and Migdal‑gad.

Jos.15.37 - Details

Translation

Zanoah, Hadashah and Migdal‑gad.

Original Text

צנן וחדשה ומגדל־ גד׃

Morphology

  • צנן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וחדשה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ומגדל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • גד: NOUN,prop,m,sg

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:21-41 (structural): Joshua 15:37 is part of this extended catalogue of towns in the Shephelah and southern Judah; the verse’s names occur within this contiguous list of allotted cities.
  • Judges 1:20-28 (thematic): Judges 1 recounts Judah’s conquests and settlement and contains overlapping city‑lists for the same region, functioning as a parallel tradition to Joshua’s territorial catalogue.
  • Numbers 34:1-12 (thematic): Numbers 34 sets out the boundaries and allotment scheme for the land of Canaan—the legal/administrative framework that underlies the tribal and city lists given later in Joshua 15.
  • 1 Chronicles 4:28-33 (verbal): Chronicles preserves lists of towns in the southern/Shephelah region that reflect many of the same settlement names and regional traditions found in Joshua 15, showing continued attestation of these place‑names.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Zaanan, Hadashah, and Migdal‑gad,
  • Zin, Hadashah, and Migdal‑gad.
38 Dilean, Mizpah and Joktheel.

Jos.15.38 - Details

Translation

Dilean, Mizpah and Joktheel.

Original Text

ודלען והמצפה ויקתאל׃

Morphology

  • ודלען: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • והמצפה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ויקתאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:21-62 (structural): Verse 38 is part of this extended administrative/topographical catalogue of towns in the allotment of Judah; the surrounding verses form the full list with which this verse corresponds.
  • Judges 1:11-15 (thematic): Judges recounts Judah's early conquest and settlement and lists towns in the same region—overlapping place‑names and the theme of occupation and territorial control reflect the same tradition as Joshua's town‑list.
  • Joshua 21:11-12 (structural): Joshua 21 assigns Levitical cities within the territory of Judah; this later administrative listing reuses many of the same Judahite localities mentioned in Joshua 15, showing continuity in town‑nomenclature and territorial organization.
  • 1 Chronicles 4:28-34 (thematic): Chronicles records settlements and clan‑based villages in southern Judah/Negev with similar toponyms and settlement patterns, paralleling the settlement/topographical interest of Joshua 15's list.
  • Judges 20:1 (verbal): This verse mentions Mizpah (מִצְפָּה), the same place‑name found in Josh 15:38; the recurrence of Mizpah in different narrative contexts illustrates how specific place‑names function as verbal anchors across texts.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Dilean, Mizpah, and Joktheel,
  • Dilean, Mizpeh, and Joktheel.
39 Lachish, Bozkath and Eglon.

Jos.15.39 - Details

Translation

Lachish, Bozkath and Eglon.

Original Text

לכיש ובצקת ועגלון׃

Morphology

  • לכיש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ובצקת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ועגלון: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 10:3 (verbal): Names southern Canaanite rulers including Japhia king of Lachish and Debir king of Eglon — the same place-names (Lachish, Eglon) that appear in Joshua 15:39.
  • Joshua 10:31–32 (verbal): Narrative account of Joshua’s capture of Lachish — repeats the town-name Lachish from the list in Joshua 15:39.
  • 1 Samuel 17:2 (verbal): Mentions Azekah as a geographic marker (Philistine encampment between Socoh and Azekah) — the same Azekah named in Joshua 15:39.
  • 2 Kings 18:17 (allusion): Describes the Assyrian envoy Rabshakeh coming from Lachish — attests to Lachish’s continued importance and echoes the town-name in Joshua 15:39.
  • Judges 3:12 (allusion): Uses the name Eglon for a Moabite king (not the town) — echoes the same Hebrew name Eglon found among Judah’s towns in Joshua 15:39.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Lachish, Bozkath, and Eglon,
  • Lachish, Bozkath, and Eglon.
40 Chephrah, Mareshah and Kithlish.

Jos.15.40 - Details

Translation

Chephrah, Mareshah and Kithlish.

Original Text

וכבון ולחמס וכתליש׃

Morphology

  • וכבון: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ולחמס: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וכתליש: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:22-32 (structural): Part of the same contiguous catalogue of towns in the lowland/Shephelah of Judah; 15:40 is one item in this larger list.
  • Joshua 15:41-47 (structural): Immediate continuation of the Judah town-list that contains 15:40, showing the broader cluster of place-names in the same territorial summary.
  • Judges 1:1-20 (thematic): Early Judges chapter retells Israelite settlement and lists towns in Judah's territory (conquests and occupants), paralleling Joshua's inventory of southern towns.
  • 1 Chronicles 4:21-23 (thematic): Chronicles gives genealogical and territorial notices of southern clans and their villages; it functions as a parallel catalogue to Joshua’s lists of towns in the Negeb/Shephelah.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Cabbon, Lahmas, and Chitlish,
  • Kebon, Lachmas, and Kithlish.
41 And with the commons: Gederoth, Beth‑dagon, Naamah and Makkedah—sixteen cities and their villages.

Jos.15.41 - Details

Translation

And with the commons: Gederoth, Beth‑dagon, Naamah and Makkedah—sixteen cities and their villages.

Original Text

וגדרות בית־ דגון ונעמה ומקדה ערים שש־ עשרה וחצריהן׃

Morphology

  • וגדרות: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • דגון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ונעמה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ומקדה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ערים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • שש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עשרה: NUM,card,m,pl
  • וחצריהן: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:3,pl

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:21-62 (structural): The verse is part of this extended catalog of towns and villages comprising the allotment of Judah; the surrounding verses list the other cities of the same territorial block.
  • Joshua 10:28 (verbal): Earlier conquest narrative: Joshua 'took Makkedah' (מַקֵּדָה), the same town named here among Judah's allotted cities — a direct verbal and narrative link between conquest and settlement.
  • Judges 1:8-21 (thematic): Judges 1 recounts the conquest and settlement of Judah (and Caleb), including capture of towns and the mixed success in driving out inhabitants; thematically parallels the later census-like listing of towns in Joshua 15.
  • Joshua 19:1-9 (structural): Another tribal allotment list (Simeon) that parallels Joshua 15 in genre and function — systematic enumeration of towns and their villages for a tribal territory.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Gederoth‑baal, Beth‑dagon, Naamah, and Makkedah—sixteen cities with their villages.
  • Gederoth, Beth‑dagon, Naamah, and Makkedah—sixteen cities with their villages.
42 Libnah, Ether and Ashan.

Jos.15.42 - Details

Translation

Libnah, Ether and Ashan.

Original Text

לבנה ועתר ועשן׃

Morphology

  • לבנה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
  • ועתר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ועשן: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:1-62 (structural): The verse is part of this larger catalogue—Joshua 15 is the full allotment list for Judah, of which Levnah (לבנה), Ether (עתר) and Ashan (עשן) are members; the chapter provides the full structural context for the verse.
  • Joshua 15:41 (verbal): Immediate parallel within the same sequence of place‑names listing towns of the Shephelah and Judah; these neighboring verses contain closely related or adjacent toponyms in the same list.
  • Judges 1:11-15 (thematic): Judges 1 gives post‑conquest accounts and lists of towns in Judah/its borderlands. It parallels Joshua’s town lists thematically as an account of territorial control and place‑names in the same region.
  • 1 Chronicles 4:28-31 (thematic): 1 Chronicles preserves genealogical and territorial lists that often echo Joshua’s place‑names. These verses list towns in the southern territory and reflect the same regional cataloguing of settlements.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Libnah, Ether, and Ashan,
  • Lebnah, Ater, and Ashan.
43 Jiphtah, Ashnah and Nezib.

Jos.15.43 - Details

Translation

Jiphtah, Ashnah and Nezib.

Original Text

ויפתח ואשנה ונציב׃

Morphology

  • ויפתח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • ואשנה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ונציב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Josh.15:42-47 (structural): Immediate context: the surrounding verses in Josh.15 continue the catalogue of towns in the Shephelah/lowland of Judah (including Ashnah and neighboring sites), showing this verse is part of the local toponymic list.
  • Judges 1:8-15 (thematic): Judges 1 recounts the conquest and settlement of Judah and repeats many of the same thematic elements (capture and possession of towns) and some overlapping place-names found in Joshua’s allotment lists.
  • Joshua 21:11-12 (structural): Joshua 21 records the Levitical cities within the territory of Judah; several towns listed there overlap geographically with the towns enumerated in Josh.15, showing a later distributional use of the same place‑names.
  • 1 Chronicles 4:28-32 (thematic): 1 Chronicles contains genealogical and territorial notes that repeat and preserve lists of towns in southern Judah; these lists correspond to the same regional settlement pattern reflected in Josh.15’s catalogue.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Jiphtah, Ashnah, and Nezib,
  • Jiphtah, Ashnah, and Netziv.
44 Keilah, Achzib and Mareshah—nine cities and their villages.

Jos.15.44 - Details

Translation

Keilah, Achzib and Mareshah—nine cities and their villages.

Original Text

וקעילה ואכזיב ומראשה ערים תשע וחצריהן׃

Morphology

  • וקעילה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ואכזיב: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ומראשה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ערים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • תשע: NUM,card
  • וחצריהן: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:3,pl

Parallels

  • Josh.15.43 (structural): Immediate neighboring verse in the same city-list of Judah's hill country; continues the catalog of towns and villages, showing the same topographical/administrative context.
  • Josh.15.45 (structural): Follows verse 44 in the same chapter's city-list (naming Mareshah and the nine towns with their villages); another entry in the contiguous roster of Judah's settlements.
  • 1 Sam.23.1-5 (verbal): Narrative passage that explicitly mentions Keilah (Qeilah), the same town named in Josh 15:44; a verbal/locational parallel linking the place to later narrative events (David's movements).
  • 2 Chron.11.8 (structural): Lists Mareshah among the towns built or fortified by Rehoboam; a parallel reference to the same settlement in a later biblical administrative/topographical context.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Keilah, Achzib, and Maresha—nine cities with their villages.
  • Keilah, Achzib, and Maresha—nine cities with their villages.
45 Ekron and its towns and its villages.

Jos.15.45 - Details

Translation

Ekron and its towns and its villages.

Original Text

עקרון ובנתיה וחצריה׃

Morphology

  • עקרון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ובנתיה: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,poss3ms
  • וחצריה: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,poss3ms

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:43 (structural): Immediate parallel within the same chapter — part of the contiguous catalogue of towns in Judah’s lowland, repeating the town-name formula (town and its daughters/hamlets).
  • Joshua 15:46 (structural): Continuation of the same allotment list ('from Ekron to the sea') — same list‑style context and geographic sweep as v.45.
  • Judges 1:18 (verbal): Mentions Ekron together with other Philistine coastal cities ('Gaza, Ashkelon, and Ekron') — a related enumeration of the same city in a conquest/territorial context.
  • 1 Samuel 5:11 (allusion): Refers to the people of Ekron reacting to the ark‑plague; connects thematically to the city named in Joshua 15:45 and to Ekron’s identity and status among Philistine towns.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Ekron and its towns and its villages,
  • Ekron and its towns and its villages.
46 From Ekron to the sea all that is near Ashdod with its towns and its villages.

Jos.15.46 - Details

Translation

From Ekron to the sea all that is near Ashdod with its towns and its villages.

Original Text

מעקרון וימה כל אשר־ על־ יד אשדוד וחצריהן׃

Morphology

  • מעקרון: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • וימה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • כל: DET
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • על: PREP
  • יד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אשדוד: NOUN,prop,f,sg,abs
  • וחצריהן: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:3,pl

Parallels

  • Judges 1:18 (verbal): Lists the same Philistine cities and their coasts (Gaza, Ashkelon, Ekron), closely matching Joshua's catalogue of coastal towns and villages.
  • Joshua 13:2–3 (structural): Within the same book; gives the territorial bounds and names of Philistine cities (including Ekron, the seacoast, Ashdod), paralleling Joshua 15's allotment/listing of towns.
  • 1 Samuel 6:17 (verbal): Enumerates the five Philistine cities (Ashdod, Gaza, Ashkelon, Gath, Ekron) in the context of the ark story—verbal overlap with Joshua's listing of Ekron and Ashdod and their villages.
  • Jeremiah 25:20 (verbal): Prophetic oracle that names Gaza, Ashkelon, Ekron and the remnant of Ashdod—verbal/thematic parallel in naming the same coastal Philistine towns.

Alternative generated candidates

  • from Ekron to the sea—all that lie by the side of Ashdod and their villages,
  • From Ekron, to the sea, all that is beside Ashdod and its villages.
47 Ashdod with its towns and its villages; Gaza with its towns and its villages, to the brook of Egypt and the Great Sea and the border.

Jos.15.47 - Details

Translation

Ashdod with its towns and its villages; Gaza with its towns and its villages, to the brook of Egypt and the Great Sea and the border.

Original Text

אשדוד בנותיה וחצריה עזה בנותיה וחצריה עד־ נחל מצרים והים הגדול וגבול׃

Morphology

  • אשדוד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בנותיה: NOUN,f,pl,abs,pr:3fs
  • וחצריה: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,pr:3fs
  • עזה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • בנותיה: NOUN,f,pl,abs,pr:3fs
  • וחצריה: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,pr:3fs
  • עד: PREP
  • נחל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • והים: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הגדול: ADJ,m,sg,def
  • וגבול: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Judges 1:18 (verbal): Names the same Philistine cities—Gaza, Ashkelon, Ekron—and uses similar language about taking the city with its territory/villages, paralleling Joshua's listing of Ashdod and Gaza and their villages.
  • 1 Samuel 6:17 (verbal): Lists the five principal Philistine city-states (Ashdod, Gaza, Ashkelon, Gath, Ekron), showing the same canonical grouping of coastal cities found in Joshua 15:47.
  • Zephaniah 2:4-7 (thematic): Prophetic oracle against the Philistine cities (Gaza, Ashkelon, Ashdod, Ekron), echoing the focus on these coastal towns and their fate—an extended theological reflection on the same regional entities named in Joshua.
  • Ezekiel 25:15-17 (allusion): Divine judgment pronounced upon Philistine cities (including Ashdod and Gaza); thematically parallels Joshua's attention to these cities as distinct territorial and political units on Israel's border.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Ashdod and its towns and their villages, Gaza and its towns and their villages, to the Brook of Egypt and the Great Sea—this shall be the boundary.
  • Ashdod and its daughters and its villages; Gaza and its daughters and its villages, even to the Brook of Egypt and the Great Sea—this is the boundary.
48 In the hill country: Shamir, Jattir and Socoh.

Jos.15.48 - Details

Translation

In the hill country: Shamir, Jattir and Socoh.

Original Text

ובהר שמיר ויתיר ושוכה׃

Morphology

  • ובהר: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שמיר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ויתיר: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ושוכה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:49 (verbal): Immediate continuation of the same city-list in Judah’s hill country; repeats the toponymic cataloging and neighboring settlements.
  • Joshua 15:21-62 (structural): The larger block of Joshua 15 contains the full allotment lists for Judah (including the hill-country towns); Josh.15.48 is one entry in this structural catalog of towns.
  • Judges 10:1 (verbal): Mentions a place called Shamir (Tola dwelt in Shamir of Mount Ephraim); the same place-name appears here, showing recurring toponymy in Israelite records (though likely a different locality).
  • Judges 1:8-10 (thematic): Describes Judah’s military activity and settlement of towns after the conquest—parallels the theme of allotment and occupation of hill-country towns found in Joshua 15’s lists.

Alternative generated candidates

  • In the hill country: Shamir, Jattir, and Socoh,
  • In the hill country: Shamir, Jattir, and Socoh.
49 Dannah, Kiriath‑sepher (that is Debir).

Jos.15.49 - Details

Translation

Dannah, Kiriath‑sepher (that is Debir).

Original Text

ודנה וקרית־ סנה היא דבר׃

Morphology

  • ודנה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • וקרית: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • סנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • היא: PRON,dem,3,f,sg
  • דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:15 (verbal): Earler in the same chapter Kiriath‑sepher is explicitly identified as Debir and appears in the story of Othniel — same place-name/identification.
  • Judges 1:11-15 (verbal): Narrative account of Othniel capturing Kiriath‑sepher (called Debir) and receiving Achsah — the same city-name and tradition as in Joshua 15:49.
  • Joshua 15:1-63 (structural): Joshua 15:49 is one entry in the extended catalogue of towns comprising the allotment of Judah; the surrounding verses form the larger structural context for this place-name.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Dannah and Kirjath‑sannah (that is Debir),
  • Dannah and Kiriath‑sannah (that is Debir).
50 Anab, Eshtemoh and Anim.

Jos.15.50 - Details

Translation

Anab, Eshtemoh and Anim.

Original Text

וענב ואשתמה וענים׃

Morphology

  • וענב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ואשתמה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • וענים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Josh.15.49 (structural): Immediate parallel in the same municipal list — verse 49–50 are consecutive entries in the catalogue of towns in the hill country of Judah (the verse continues the list including Anab/Anav, Eshtemoa, Anim).
  • Josh.15.14 (verbal): Same chapter refers back to the Anakim/Anab connection: Caleb's expulsion of the sons of Anak from Hebron and the hill country explains the presence and significance of place‑names like Anab in Judah's allotment. (Verbal link between the place‑name and earlier narrative about Anak/Anab.)
  • Num.13:22 (thematic): The reconnaissance of the hill country (including Hebron) where the spies observed the Anakim provides background for towns like Anab/Anim — a thematic parallel about the hill‑country inhabitants and fortified towns encountered by Israel. (Contextual parallel to the region named in Josh.15:50.)
  • Josh.21:11-14 (structural): The list of Levitical cities in Joshua 21 reiterates many place‑names in Judah's territory (including Eshtemoa/nearby towns), linking the allotment lists in ch.15 with the cities later assigned to the Levites.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Anab, Eshtemoh, and Anim,
  • Anab, Eshtemoa, and Anim.
51 Goshen, Holon and Giloh—eleven cities and their villages.

Jos.15.51 - Details

Translation

Goshen, Holon and Giloh—eleven cities and their villages.

Original Text

וגשן וחלן וגלה ערים אחת־ עשרה וחצריהן׃

Morphology

  • וגשן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וחלן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וגלה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ערים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • אחת: NUM,f,sg
  • עשרה: NUM,card,m,pl
  • וחצריהן: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:3,pl

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:50 (structural): Immediate parallel within the same chapter — another entry in the chronological/listing sequence of towns allotted to Judah, showing the same enumerative/topographical cataloguing of settlements.
  • Joshua 15:58 (structural): Concluding material for the list of Judean towns and villages; provides the broader structural context for v.51 as part of the comprehensive allotment record for the tribe of Judah.
  • Judges 1:11-13 (thematic): Judges’ account of Judah’s military activity and occupation of Canaanite towns parallels Joshua’s emphasis on possession and settlement of towns in the same hill-country/Shephelah region (overlapping subject of conquest and habitation).
  • 1 Chronicles 4:28-31 (structural): Genealogical/topographical listing of towns and settlements in southern Judah/Negeb that corresponds to Joshua’s municipal catalogue, reflecting later preservation and re‑use of the same toponyms and settlement patterns.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Goshen, Holon, and Giloh—eleven cities with their villages.
  • Geshan, Holon, and Giloh—eleven cities with their villages.
52 Arab, Rimmon and Ashan.

Jos.15.52 - Details

Translation

Arab, Rimmon and Ashan.

Original Text

ארב ורומה ואשען׃

Morphology

  • ארב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ורומה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ואשען: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:48-51 (structural): Immediate context: adjacent verses continue the same catalog of towns in the lowland and hill-country of the tribe of Judah, showing this verse is part of a contiguous toponymic list.
  • Judges 1:8-15 (thematic): Early Judges preserves conquest and settlement traditions for Judah that parallel Joshua's allotment lists—overlapping place-names and the same pattern of listing towns taken and settled by Judahite clans.
  • 1 Chronicles 4:27-32 (structural): Chronicles gives later genealogical/topographical lists of towns in the Shephelah and Judah (e.g., Zorah, Eshtaol, Zanoah) that correspond to the same regional catalogue found in Joshua 15.
  • Nehemiah 11:29-30 (thematic): Post-exilic settlement list for Judah includes many of the same regionally associated towns (towns of the lowland/Shephelah), reflecting continuity in the identification and administration of these sites.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Arab, Ramah, and Adithaim,
  • Arab, Romah, and Asha'an.
53 Jiphtah, En‑tappuah and Aphekah.

Jos.15.53 - Details

Translation

Jiphtah, En‑tappuah and Aphekah.

Original Text

וינום ובית־ תפוח ואפקה׃

Morphology

  • וינום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ובית: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,cs
  • תפוח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ואפקה: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Josh.15:52 (verbal): Immediate neighboring verse in the same catalog of towns in Judah — part of the continuous list that includes Beit‑Tappuah and Aphek.
  • Josh.15:54 (verbal): Another adjacent entry in the same town‑list (Joshua 15), showing the same genre and geographic roster of Judah’s towns.
  • Josh.15:1 (structural): Opens the section that defines the territorial boundaries and city lists of the tribe of Judah; Joshua 15:53 is an entry within this larger structural unit.
  • Joshua 21:11–12 (thematic): List of Levitical cities located within the territory of Judah; thematically related as it reuses and highlights towns within Judah’s allotment (overlap with the settlements enumerated in Joshua 15).
  • Judges 1:11–12 (thematic): Accounts of Judah’s conquests and settlement in the same southern hill country (Hebron/Debir area); thematically parallels Joshua’s lists by naming and situating towns in Judah’s territorial sphere.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Gilah, Jattir, and Aphekah,
  • Yanoam, Bet‑tappuah, and Aphekah.
54 Humtah and Kiriath‑arba (that is Hebron) and Zior—nine cities and their villages.

Jos.15.54 - Details

Translation

Humtah and Kiriath‑arba (that is Hebron) and Zior—nine cities and their villages.

Original Text

וחמטה וקרית ארבע היא חברון וציער ערים תשע וחצריהן׃

Morphology

  • וחמטה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • וקרית: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • ארבע: NUM,card,f
  • היא: PRON,dem,3,f,sg
  • חברון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וציער: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ערים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • תשע: NUM,card
  • וחצריהן: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:3,pl

Parallels

  • Joshua 14:15 (verbal): Identifies Kiriath‑arba as Hebron and relates the name Arba/Anakim—directly parallels the identification of Kiriath‑arba with Hebron in Josh 15:54.
  • Genesis 23:2 (verbal): Earlier patriarchal reference that calls Sarah’s residence 'Kiriath‑arba, that is, Hebron,' showing the same equation of names used in Joshua 15:54.
  • Numbers 13:22 (verbal): The spies visit Hebron (Kiriath‑arba) and report Anakim there (Ahiman, Sheshai, Talmai), echoing the same place-name and local tradition connected with Hebron.
  • Judges 1:10 (thematic): Describes Judah’s attack on Hebron (Kiriath‑arba) and the taking of the city—parallels Joshua’s allotment list by treating Hebron/Kiriath‑arba as a significant town in Judah’s territory.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Humtah and Kiriath‑arba (that is Hebron) and Zior—nine cities with their villages.
  • Hemath, Kiriath‑arba (that is Hebron), and Zior—nine cities with their villages.
55 Maon, Carmel, Ziph and Juttah.

Jos.15.55 - Details

Translation

Maon, Carmel, Ziph and Juttah.

Original Text

מעון ׀ כרמל וזיף ויוטה׃

Morphology

  • מעון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כרמל: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • וזיף: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ויוטה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • 1 Samuel 23:19-24 (verbal): Mentions the same Judahite localities (Maon, Ziph, Carmel) in the narrative of David’s flight and Saul’s pursuit — the identical place‑names appear in the context of the wilderness/stronghold of Maon and Saul encamping at Carmel.
  • 1 Samuel 26:2 (verbal): Refers to David hiding in the wilderness of Ziph while Saul moves against him (Saul at Gibeah/Carmel/Ziph episodes) — repeats the Ziph/Carmel setting found in Joshua’s town list.
  • Joshua 21:16 (structural): A parallel administrative/listing passage: the book of Joshua repeats the allotment/municipal rolls elsewhere when assigning Levitical cities from Judah, and Juttah (Yutta) appears again among the cities associated with Judah/Levitical distribution.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Maon, Carmel, Ziph, and Juttah,
  • Maon, Carmel, Ziph, and Juttah.
56 Zorah, Jephthah and Zanoah.

Jos.15.56 - Details

Translation

Zorah, Jephthah and Zanoah.

Original Text

ויזרעאל ויקדעם וזנוח׃

Morphology

  • ויזרעאל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ויקדעם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וזנוח: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:21-63 (structural): Same extended city-list for the territory of Judah; Josh.15.56 is one entry in this continuous cataloguing of towns and villages.
  • Judges 1:20-28 (thematic): An independent Israelite list of Judah/Simeon’s operations and settlements in the same southern lowland and hill-country — parallels in place‑names and the theme of conquest/occupation.
  • 1 Chronicles 4:28-32 (structural): Post‑monarchic genealogical/topographical notice that preserves many of the same town‑names and settlement traditions for the Judean hill country.
  • Nehemiah 11:29-30 (thematic): Post‑exilic list of towns associated with Judah; shows the continued identification and habitation of many settlements named in Joshua’s territorial catalogue.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Jezreel, Jokdeam, and Zanoah,
  • Yizreel, Jokdeam, and Zanoah.
57 Kain, Gibeah and Timnah—ten cities and their villages.

Jos.15.57 - Details

Translation

Kain, Gibeah and Timnah—ten cities and their villages.

Original Text

הקין גבעה ותמנה ערים עשר וחצריהן׃

Morphology

  • הקין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • גבעה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ותמנה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ערים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
  • וחצריהן: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:3,pl

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:21–62 (verbal): Part of the same extended town-list for the allotment of Judah — repeats place-names and the formulaic phrase 'cities and their villages.'
  • Joshua 15:56–63 (structural): Immediate context/adjacent verses that continue and complete the catalogue of towns in Judah, showing the same genre and roster of settlements.
  • Joshua 21:11–12 (structural): Lists cities from the territory of Judah allotted to the Levites; draws on the same territorial town-names and distribution schema.
  • Judges 19–21 (thematic): Gibeah (a key place-name here) is elsewhere the setting of the Benjamite atrocity and civil conflict, linking the toponym to later narrative traditions.
  • Judges 14 (allusion): Timnah appears as the locale of Samson's episode with the Philistine woman, showing the same place-name in a different narrative context.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Kain, Gibeah, and Timnah—ten cities with their villages.
  • Keilah, Gibeah, and Timnah—ten cities with their villages.
58 Halhul, Beth‑zur and Gedor.

Jos.15.58 - Details

Translation

Halhul, Beth‑zur and Gedor.

Original Text

חלחול בית־ צור וגדור׃

Morphology

  • חלחול: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • צור: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וגדור: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Josh.15.57 (verbal): Immediate neighboring verse in the same city-list — part of the contiguous catalogue of towns in the allotment of Judah (continues the sequence of place-names).
  • Josh.15.59 (structural): Following verse in the same chapter — completes the cluster of towns in this section of Judah’s territorial list (shows the same listing convention and geographic sweep).
  • Josh.15.21 (thematic): Another subsection of Joshua 15 that enumerates towns of the Shephelah/lowland of Judah — parallels Josh 15:58 in function and genre as a topographical/city list for the tribal allotment.
  • Judg.1.8 (thematic): An account of Judah’s capture of Jerusalem and related towns — thematically parallel as a conquest/settlement tradition that complements Joshua’s allotment lists of Judahite towns.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Halhul, Beth‑zur, and Gedor,
  • Halhul, Beth‑zur, and Geder.
59 Maarat, Beth‑anoth and Eltekon—six cities and their villages.

Jos.15.59 - Details

Translation

Maarat, Beth‑anoth and Eltekon—six cities and their villages.

Original Text

ומערת ובית־ ענות ואלתקן ערים שש וחצריהן׃

Morphology

  • ומערת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • ובית: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,cs
  • ענות: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ואלתקן: VERB,qal,inf
  • ערים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • שש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וחצריהן: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:3,pl

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:21-62 (structural): This verse is part of the larger section listing the towns of the territory of Judah; the same catalogue contextually parallels and completes the city lists in these verses.
  • Judges 1:10-15 (thematic): An earlier account of Judah’s conquest and settlement that contains overlapping place-names and the theme of towns allotted to Judah, paralleling Joshua’s municipal lists.
  • Joshua 21:11-12 (thematic): The list of Levitical cities located within the territory of Judah echoes the municipal geography and names found in Joshua 15’s catalogue.
  • 1 Chronicles 4:23-33 (thematic): A post‑exilic genealogical/topographical section that preserves traditions of towns and settlements in southern Judah, paralleling the identity and distribution of towns attested in Joshua 15.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Maarath, Beth‑anoth, and Eltekon—six cities with their villages.
  • Mareshah, Beth‑anoth, and Eltekon—six cities with their villages.
60 Kiriath‑baal (that is Kiriath‑jearim) and the towns thereof—two cities and their villages.

Jos.15.60 - Details

Translation

Kiriath‑baal (that is Kiriath‑jearim) and the towns thereof—two cities and their villages.

Original Text

קרית־ בעל היא קרית יערים והרבה ערים שתים וחצריהן׃

Morphology

  • קרית: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • בעל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • היא: PRON,dem,3,f,sg
  • קרית: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • יערים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • והרבה: VERB,hif,perf,3,m,sg,pref_vav
  • ערים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • שתים: NUM,f,pl,abs
  • וחצריהן: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:3,pl

Parallels

  • 1 Samuel 7:1 (verbal): References Kiriath‑jearim explicitly (men of Kiriath‑jearim) as the place where the ark was kept—same place name as Kiriath‑Baal/Kiriath‑jearim in Joshua's town list.
  • 2 Samuel 6:2 (verbal): Speaks of ‘Baale of Judah/Baalah’ as the starting place for bringing up the ark to David—Baalah/Baale of Judah is the same site called Kiriath‑Baal (Kiriath‑jearim) in Joshua 15:60.
  • 1 Chronicles 13:6 (verbal): Identifies the ark being brought from Baalah (Kiriath‑jearim), explicitly equating Baalah with Kiriath‑jearim and thus paralleling the place-name in Joshua's catalogue.
  • Judges 1:21 (thematic): Like the closing verses of Joshua 15 (which list towns and note incomplete conquest), Judges 1:21 records an instance of an unexpelled Canaanite population (the Jebusites in Jerusalem), reflecting the theme of incomplete occupation of allotted towns.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Kiriath‑baal (that is Kiriath‑jearim) and Rabbah—the towns are many and their villages.
  • Kiriath‑baal (that is Kiriath‑jearim) and Rabbah—two cities with their villages.
61 In the wilderness: Beth‑arabah, Middin and Secacah.

Jos.15.61 - Details

Translation

In the wilderness: Beth‑arabah, Middin and Secacah.

Original Text

במדבר בית הערבה מדין וסככה׃

Morphology

  • במדבר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הערבה: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • מדין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וסככה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:21-62 (structural): This verse is part of the larger catalogue of towns in the allotment of Judah; the surrounding verses list the same cluster of wilderness and lowland sites as part of the chapter-long city-register.
  • Judges 1 (allusion): Judges 1 recounts the conquest and settlement of the land of Judah and provides a parallel tradition of territorial lists and city-conquests that correspond to the allotment material in Joshua 15.
  • Numbers 13:26-27 (thematic): Numbers describes the spies’ reconnaissance and Israel’s presence at sites in the wilderness/Kadesh region; thematically linked to place-names and wilderness locales named in Joshua 15:61.
  • Deuteronomy 1:19-46 (thematic): Moses’ retrospective account of Israel’s journey to the wilderness and Kadesh area echoes the geographic setting of the towns listed in Joshua 15:61 and situates these place-names within the broader wilderness tradition.

Alternative generated candidates

  • In the wilderness: Beth‑arbah, Middin, and Secacah,
  • In the wilderness: Beth‑arabah, Middin, and Secacah.
62 And Nibshan, the City of Salt and En‑Gedi—six cities and their villages.

Jos.15.62 - Details

Translation

And Nibshan, the City of Salt and En‑Gedi—six cities and their villages.

Original Text

והנבשן ועיר־ המלח ועין גדי ערים שש וחצריהן׃

Morphology

  • והנבשן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ועיר: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,const
  • המלח: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ועין: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,const
  • גדי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • ערים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • שש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וחצריהן: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:3,pl

Parallels

  • Joshua 15:1 (structural): Gives the territorial boundaries and introduction to Judah’s allotment; Josh 15:62 is part of this broader list of towns within Judah’s territory.
  • Joshua 15:61 (verbal): An adjacent verse in the same chapter that continues the catalog of towns and their villages in the wilderness of Judah, using the same catalogue formula as v.62.
  • Joshua 19:1-9 (thematic): Lists towns and villages allotted to the tribe of Simeon (within Judah’s territory); parallels Josh 15:62 as part of the biblical genre of tribal allotment and town‑lists.
  • 1 Samuel 24:1-2 (allusion): Refers to En‑gedi as the wilderness refuge where David hid from Saul; connects to the place name En‑gedi mentioned in Josh 15:62.

Alternative generated candidates

  • and Nibshan and the City of Salt and En‑gedi—six cities with their villages.
  • And Nibshan, the City of Salt, and En‑gedi—six cities with their villages.
63 As for the Jebusites who lived in Jerusalem, the sons of Judah could not dislodge them; the Jebusites dwell with the sons of Judah in Jerusalem to this day.

Jos.15.63 - Details

Translation

As for the Jebusites who lived in Jerusalem, the sons of Judah could not dislodge them; the Jebusites dwell with the sons of Judah in Jerusalem to this day.

Original Text

ואת־ היבוסי יושבי ירושלם לא־ יכלו בני־ יהודה להורישם וישב היבוסי את־ בני יהודה בירושלם עד היום הזה׃

Morphology

  • ואת: CONJ
  • היבוסי: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • יושבי: PTC,qal,ptc,mp,cons
  • ירושלם: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יכלו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
  • להורישם: VERB,hiph,infc+PRON,3,m,pl
  • וישב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • היבוסי: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • את: PRT,acc
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
  • בירושלם: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • עד: PREP
  • היום: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הזה: DEM,m,sg

Parallels

  • Judges 1:21 (verbal): Closely parallel report that the Jebusites were not driven out of Jerusalem and continued to live there; Judges attributes the problem to Benjamin rather than Judah, reflecting a variant tradition.
  • Judges 1:8 (structural): An alternative tradition within Judges that Judah captured and struck Jerusalem, providing a contrasting account to Joshua/Judges 1:21 about the fate of the city.
  • Judges 1:27-36 (thematic): A broader catalogue of failures to drive out various Canaanite groups; thematically parallels Joshua 15:63 as part of the pattern of incomplete conquest.
  • 2 Samuel 5:6-9 (thematic): Narrative resolution to the earlier inability to take Jerusalem: David captures the Jebusite stronghold (Zion) and establishes it as his city, showing a later change in control.
  • 1 Chronicles 11:4-9 (verbal): Parallel account to 2 Samuel 5:6-9 describing the conquest of the Jebusites and the taking of Jerusalem (the city of David), echoing the later resolution of Joshua's reported failure.

Alternative generated candidates

  • But the Jebusites who lived in Jerusalem the sons of Judah could not drive out; the Jebusites lived with the sons of Judah in Jerusalem to this day.
  • But the Jebusites who lived in Jerusalem the people of Judah were not able to drive out; the Jebusites dwell with the people of Judah in Jerusalem to this day.

And the lot for the tribe of the sons of Judah, by their families, came out to the border of Edom—the wilderness of Zin to the south, to the uttermost part of the Negev.

Their southern boundary was the Salt Sea, along the shore, from the tongue that turns southward.

It went out from the Negev to the ascent of Akrabbim, passed along to Zin and rose from the Negev to Kadesh‑barnea; passed along to Hezron, went up to Addar and encircled it.

It passed on to Ashmanah and came to the brook of Egypt; and the border's outlet was at the sea—this shall be your southern border. And the eastern border was the Salt Sea as far as the mouth of the Jordan; and the border went up to the foothills on the north side, to the tongue of the sea at the mouth of the Jordan. And the border went up to Beth‑hoglah, passed north of Beth‑arabah, and went up to the stone of Bohan son of Reuben.

It went up from the Valley of Achor to Debir, and northward it turned toward Gilgal before the ascent of Adummim (the way to the Negev to the valley); and the border passed on to the waters of En‑Shemesh, and its outlet was at En‑Rogel.

It went up by the valley of the son of Hinnom to the shoulder of the Jebusite on the west (that is Jerusalem); and the border went up to the head of the hill that looks toward the Valley of the Son of Hinnom on the west and to the valley opening into the Valley of Rephaim on the north.

From the head of the hill it turned to the spring of Nephtoah and went out to the cities of the hill of Ephron; and the border went to Baalah— that is Kiriath‑Jearim. And the border circled from Baalah westward to Mount Seir and passed to the shoulder of the hill of the wood on the north—this is Kislon—and descended to Beth‑Shemesh and passed by Timnah.

It went out to the shoulder of Ekron on the north, and circled to Shikkeron, passed to Mount Baalah and came out to Jabneel; and its outlets were to the sea. And the western boundary was the Great Sea; this was the border of the sons of Judah all around, by their families. And to Caleb son of Jephunneh he gave a portion among the sons of Judah, according to the word of the LORD to Joshua: Kiriath‑Arba, the father of the Anakim, is Hebron. And Caleb drove out from there the three sons of Anak—Sheshai, Ahiman and Talmai. And from there he went up against the inhabitants of Debir. Formerly Debir was called Kiriath‑sepher. And Caleb said, “He who strikes Kiriath‑sepher and captures it, to him will I give Achsah my daughter as wife.” And Othniel son of Kenaz, the brother of Caleb, captured it; and he gave him Achsah his daughter as wife.

When she came to him she urged him to ask her father a field; and she dismounted from the donkey, and Caleb said to her, “What is it you want?”

She said to him, “Give me a blessing; since you have given me the land of the Negev, give me also springs of water.” And he gave her the upper spring and the lower spring.

This is the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Judah by their families.

The cities were at the outermost part of the tribe of Judah, toward the border of Edom in the Negev: Kabzeel, Eder and Jagur.

Kinah, Dimonah and Adadah.

Kadesh, Hazor and Jithnan.

Ziph, Telem and Baalath.

Hazor‑hadattah and Kirioth‑Hezron (that is Hazor).

Amam, Shema and Moladah.

Hazar‑gad, Heshmon and Beth‑pelet.

Hazar‑shual, Beersheba and its wells.

Baalah, Iim and Ezem.

Eltolad, Chesil and Hormah.

Ziklag, Madmannah and Sansannah.

Lebooth, Shilhim, Ain and Rimmon—nineteen cities and their villages.

In the lowland: Eshtaol, Zorah and Ashnah.

Zanoah, En‑gannim, Tappuah and Enam.

Jarmuth, Adullam, Socoh and Azekah.

Shaaraim, Adithaim, Gederah and Gederothaim—fourteen cities and their villages.

Zanoah, Hadashah and Migdal‑gad.

Dilean, Mizpah and Joktheel.

Lachish, Bozkath and Eglon.

Chephrah, Mareshah and Kithlish. And with the commons: Gederoth, Beth‑dagon, Naamah and Makkedah—sixteen cities and their villages.

Libnah, Ether and Ashan.

Jiphtah, Ashnah and Nezib.

Keilah, Achzib and Mareshah—nine cities and their villages.

Ekron and its towns and its villages.

From Ekron to the sea all that is near Ashdod with its towns and its villages.

Ashdod with its towns and its villages; Gaza with its towns and its villages, to the brook of Egypt and the Great Sea and the border.

In the hill country: Shamir, Jattir and Socoh.

Dannah, Kiriath‑sepher (that is Debir).

Anab, Eshtemoh and Anim.

Goshen, Holon and Giloh—eleven cities and their villages.

Arab, Rimmon and Ashan.

Jiphtah, En‑tappuah and Aphekah.

Humtah and Kiriath‑arba (that is Hebron) and Zior—nine cities and their villages.

Maon, Carmel, Ziph and Juttah.

Zorah, Jephthah and Zanoah.

Kain, Gibeah and Timnah—ten cities and their villages.

Halhul, Beth‑zur and Gedor.

Maarat, Beth‑anoth and Eltekon—six cities and their villages.

Kiriath‑baal (that is Kiriath‑jearim) and the towns thereof—two cities and their villages.

In the wilderness: Beth‑arabah, Middin and Secacah. And Nibshan, the City of Salt and En‑Gedi—six cities and their villages.

As for the Jebusites who lived in Jerusalem, the sons of Judah could not dislodge them; the Jebusites dwell with the sons of Judah in Jerusalem to this day.