The Hall of Faith: Heroes of Faith

Hebrews 11:1-40

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Genesis

The Creation of the World 1:1-2:3 The Creation of Man and Woman 2:4-25 The Fall of Man 3:1-24 Cain and Abel 4:1-26 From Adam to Noah 5:1-32 The Flood 6:1-8:22 God’s Covenant with Noah 9:1-17 Noah’s Drunkenness and Curse 9:18-29 Nations Descended from Noah 10:1-32 The Tower of Babel 11:1-9 From Shem to Abram 11:10-32 The Call of Abram 12:1-9 Abram in Egypt 12:10-20 Abram and Lot Separate 13:1-18 Abram Rescues Lot 14:1-24 God’s Covenant with Abram 15:1-21 Hagar and Ishmael 16:1-16 The Covenant of Circumcision 17:1-27 A Son Promised to Sarah 18:1-15 Abraham Intercedes for Sodom 18:16-33 The Destruction of Sodom 19:1-29 The Origin of Moab and Ammon 19:30-38 Abraham and Abimelech 20:1-18 The Birth of Isaac 21:1-7 Hagar and Ishmael Sent Away 21:8-21 A Treaty with Abimelech 21:22-34 The Sacrifice of Isaac 22:1-19 Nahor’s Children 22:20-24 The Death and Burial of Sarah 23:1-20 A Wife for Isaac 24:1-67 The Death of Abraham 25:1-11 Ishmael’s Descendants 25:12-18 Esau and Jacob 25:19-34 Isaac and Abimelech 26:1-35 Jacob Takes Esau’s Blessing 27:1-40 Jacob Sent to Paddan-aram 27:41-28:9 Jacob’s Dream at Bethel 28:10-22 Jacob Meets Rachel 29:1-14 Jacob Marries Leah and Rachel 29:15-30 The Children of Jacob 29:31-30:24 Jacob’s Prosperity 30:25-43 Jacob Flees from Laban 31:1-21 Jacob and Laban Make a Covenant 31:22-55 Jacob Prepares to Meet Esau 32:1-21 Jacob Wrestles with God 32:22-32 Jacob Meets Esau 33:1-20 Dinah and the Shechemites 34:1-31 God Blesses Jacob at Bethel 35:1-15 Deaths of Rachel and Isaac 35:16-29 Esau’s Descendants 36:1-30 The Kings of Edom 36:31-43 Joseph’s Dreams 37:1-11 Joseph Sold by His Brothers 37:12-36 Judah and Tamar 38:1-30 Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife 39:1-23 Joseph Interprets Dreams in Prison 40:1-23 Pharaoh’s Dreams 41:1-40 Joseph Rises to Power 41:41-57 Joseph’s Brothers Go to Egypt 42:1-38 Joseph’s Brothers Return with Benjamin 43:1-34 The Silver Cup 44:1-34 Joseph Reveals Himself 45:1-28 Jacob Goes to Egypt 46:1-47:12 Joseph and the Famine 47:13-31 Jacob Blesses Ephraim and Manasseh 48:1-22 Jacob Blesses His Sons 49:1-28 The Death and Burial of Jacob 49:29-50:14 Joseph Reassures His Brothers 50:15-21 The Death of Joseph 50:22-26

Exodus

Israel Increases in Egypt 1:1-22 The Birth of Moses 2:1-10 Moses Flees to Midian 2:11-25 The Burning Bush 3:1-22 Signs for Moses 4:1-17 Moses Returns to Egypt 4:18-31 Moses and Aaron Before Pharaoh 5:1-21 God Promises Deliverance 5:22-6:12 The Genealogy of Moses and Aaron 6:13-27 Moses and Aaron Sent to Pharaoh 6:28-7:7 Aaron’s Staff Becomes a Serpent 7:8-13 The First Plague: Water to Blood 7:14-24 The Second Plague: Frogs 7:25-8:15 The Third Plague: Gnats 8:16-19 The Fourth Plague: Flies 8:20-32 The Fifth Plague: Livestock Die 9:1-7 The Sixth Plague: Boils 9:8-12 The Seventh Plague: Hail 9:13-35 The Eighth Plague: Locusts 10:1-20 The Ninth Plague: Darkness 10:21-29 A Final Plague Threatened 11:1-10 The Passover 12:1-30 The Exodus 12:31-42 Passover Regulations 12:43-51 Consecration of the Firstborn 13:1-16 Crossing the Red Sea 13:17-14:31 The Song of Moses 15:1-21 Bitter Water Made Sweet 15:22-27 Manna from Heaven 16:1-36 Water from the Rock 17:1-7 Amalek Defeated 17:8-16 Jethro’s Advice 18:1-27 Israel at Mount Sinai 19:1-25 The Ten Commandments 20:1-21 Laws About Altars 20:22-21:1 Laws About Slaves 21:2-11 Laws About Personal Injuries 21:12-36 Laws About Restitution 22:1-15 Laws About Holiness 22:16-31 Laws About Justice 23:1-9 Sabbath Years and Weeks 23:10-13 The Three Feasts 23:14-19 The Angel and the Promises 23:20-33 The Covenant Confirmed 24:1-18 Contributions for the Sanctuary 25:1-9 The Ark of the Testimony 25:10-22 The Table for Bread 25:23-30 The Golden Lampstand 25:31-40 The Tabernacle 26:1-37 The Bronze Altar 27:1-8 The Court of the Tabernacle 27:9-19 Oil for the Lamp 27:20-21 The Priests’ Garments 28:1-5 The Ephod 28:6-14 The Breastpiece of Judgment 28:15-30 Other Priestly Garments 28:31-43 Consecration of the Priests 29:1-46 The Altar of Incense 30:1-10 The Census Tax 30:11-16 The Bronze Basin 30:17-21 The Anointing Oil 30:22-33 The Incense 30:34-38 Oholiab and Bezalel 31:1-11 The Sabbath Sign 31:12-18 The Golden Calf 32:1-33:6 The Tent of Meeting 33:7-11 Moses’ Intercession and God’s Glory 33:12-23 New Tablets and Covenant 34:1-28 The Shining Face of Moses 34:29-35 Sabbath Regulations 35:1-3 Freewill Offerings for the Tabernacle 35:4-29 Bezalel and Oholiab Set Apart 35:30-36:7 Making the Tabernacle 36:8-38 Making the Ark 37:1-9 Making the Table 37:10-16 Making the Lampstand 37:17-24 Making the Altar of Incense 37:25-29 Making the Bronze Altar 38:1-7 Making the Bronze Basin 38:8 Making the Court 38:9-20 Materials of the Tabernacle 38:21-31 Making the Priests’ Garments 39:1 The Ephod Made 39:2-7 The Breastpiece Made 39:8-21 Other Garments Made 39:22-31 The Work Completed 39:32-43 The Tabernacle Erected 40:1-33 The Glory Fills the Tabernacle 40:34-38

Numbers

The Census of Israel 1:1-54 Arrangement of the Camp 2:1-34 The Levites’ Duties 3:1-51 Kohathites’ Service 4:1-20 Gershonites’ Service 4:21-28 Merarites’ Service 4:29-33 Census of the Levites 4:34-49 Unclean Removed from Camp 5:1-4 Restitution for Wrongs 5:5-10 The Test for Adultery 5:11-31 The Nazirite Vow 6:1-21 The Priestly Blessing 6:22-27 Offerings of the Leaders 7:1-89 The Lamps 8:1-4 The Levites Consecrated 8:5-26 The Passover Celebrated 9:1-14 The Cloud Over the Tabernacle 9:15-23 The Silver Trumpets 10:1-10 Departure from Sinai 10:11-36 Complaint and Quail; Seventy Elders 11:1-35 Miriam and Aaron Oppose Moses 12:1-16 Spies Sent into Canaan 13:1-25 Report of the Spies 13:26-33 The People Rebel 14:1-45 Offerings and Firstfruits 15:1-21 Unintentional Sin and Presumptuous Sin 15:22-31 The Sabbath-Breaker 15:32-36 Tassels on Garments 15:37-41 Korah’s Rebellion 16:1-50 Aaron’s Staff Buds 17:1-13 Priests’ and Levites’ Duties 18:1-7 Portions for Priests and Levites 18:8-32 The Red Heifer 19:1-22 Water from the Rock at Meribah 20:1-13 Edom Refuses Passage 20:14-21 Aaron’s Death 20:22-29 Arad Defeated 21:1-3 The Bronze Serpent 21:4-9 Journeys in the Wilderness 21:10-20 Victories over Sihon and Og 21:21-35 Balaam Summoned 22:1-20 Balaam’s Donkey and the Angel 22:21-41 Balaam’s First Oracle 23:1-12 Balaam’s Second Oracle 23:13-26 Balaam’s Third Oracle 23:27-24:14 The Star out of Jacob 24:15-19 Balaam’s Final Sayings 24:20-25 Baal of Peor and Phinehas 25:1-18 The Second Census 26:1-65 Daughters of Zelophehad 27:1-11 Joshua Appointed 27:12-23 Daily Offerings 28:1-8 Sabbath Offerings 28:9-10 Monthly Offerings 28:11-15 Passover Offerings 28:16-25 Weeks (Firstfruits) Offerings 28:26-31 Trumpets Offerings 29:1-6 Day of Atonement Offerings 29:7-11 Booths Offerings 29:12-40 Vows 30:1-16 War with Midian—Spoils 31:1-24 Division of the Spoils 31:25-54 Reuben, Gad, and Half-Manasseh 32:1-42 Stages of Israel’s Journey 33:1-56 Boundaries of the Land 34:1-29 Levitical Cities 35:1-5 Cities of Refuge 35:6-34 Marriage of Zelophehad’s Daughters 36:1-13

Deuteronomy

Preamble and Setting 1:1-8 Leaders Appointed 1:9-18 Spies Sent 1:19-25 Rebellion and Judgment 1:26-46 Journey Through Edom, Moab, Ammon 2:1-23 Victory over Sihon 2:24-37 Victory over Og 3:1-11 Allotment East of Jordan 3:12-20 Moses Forbidden to Enter 3:21-29 Call to Obey 4:1-14 No Idols 4:15-31 The LORD Alone Is God 4:32-40 Cities of Refuge East 4:41-43 Introduction to the Law 4:44-49 The Ten Commandments Rehearsed 5:1-33 The Shema and Instruction 6:1-25 Warning Against the Nations 7:1-26 Do Not Forget the LORD 8:1-20 Not for Your Righteousness 9:1-6 Israel’s Rebellions Recounted 9:7-29 New Tablets; Ark 10:1-11 Fear the LORD 10:12-22 Love, Obey, Choose 11:1-32 The Place of Worship 12:1-32 False Prophets and Idolatry 13:1-18 Clean and Unclean Foods 14:1-21 Tithes 14:22-29 Sabbatical Year 15:1-11 Hebrew Slaves 15:12-18 Firstborn Animals 15:19-23 Passover 16:1-8 Weeks 16:9-12 Booths 16:13-17 Justice 16:18-20 Forbidden Worship 16:21-17:7 Difficult Cases 17:8-13 Laws for the King 17:14-20 Provision for Levites 18:1-8 Abominable Practices 18:9-13 A Prophet Like Moses 18:14-22 Cities of Refuge 19:1-14 Witnesses and Penalties 19:15-21 Rules for War 20:1-20 Unsolved Murder 21:1-9 Wives from War 21:10-14 Rights of the Firstborn 21:15-17 Rebellious Son 21:18-21 Various Laws 21:22-22:12 Laws of Chastity 22:13-30 Assembly Exclusions 23:1-8 Camp Purity 23:9-14 Various Laws Continued 23:15-25:19 Firstfruits and Tithes Confession 26:1-15 You Are the LORD’s People 26:16-19 Law on Stones and Altar 27:1-8 Curses Pronounced 27:9-26 Blessings for Obedience 28:1-14 Curses for Disobedience 28:15-68 Renewal in Moab 29:1-29 Choose Life 30:1-20 Joshua Commissioned 31:1-8 Public Reading of the Law 31:9-13 Moses’ Warning of Apostasy 31:14-29 The Song of Moses 31:30-32:47 Moses to Die on Nebo 32:48-52 Moses Blesses Israel 33:1-29 The Death of Moses 34:1-12

Joshua

Joshua Commissioned and Encouraged 1:1-18 Rahab Protects the Spies 2:1-24 Crossing the Jordan and Memorial Stones 3:1-4:24 Renewal at Gilgal: Circumcision and Passover 5:1-12 The Commander Appears and the Fall of Jericho 5:13-6:27 Defeat at Ai and Achan's Sin Revealed 7:1-26 The Capture and Destruction of Ai 8:1-29 Altar on Mount Ebal and the Law Proclaimed 8:30-35 The Gibeonite Deception and Treaty 9:1-27 Victory at Gibeon and the Long Day 10:1-15 Capture and Execution of the Five Kings 10:16-28 The Southern Campaign and Conquest of Cities 10:29-43 Defeat of the Northern Coalition and Hazor Destroyed 11:1-23 Lists of Kings Defeated East and West of the Jordan 12:1-24 Land Remaining to Be Possessed 13:1-7 Allotments East of the Jordan 13:8-33 Procedure for Distributing the Land and Levitical Cities 14:1-5 Caleb's Claim and Inheritance of Hebron 14:6-15 Boundaries and Towns of Judah 15:1-63 Ephraim and West Manasseh: Boundaries and Claims 16:1-17:18 Shiloh Established and the Land Surveyed 18:1-10 Territory and Towns of Benjamin 18:11-28 Territory of Simeon 19:1-9 Territory of Zebulun 19:10-16 Territory of Issachar 19:17-23 Territory of Asher 19:24-31 Territory of Naphtali 19:32-39 Territory of Dan 19:40-48 Completion of the Allotments and Joshua's Inheritance 19:49-51 Cities of Refuge Established 20:1-9 Levitical Cities and Their Holdings 21:1-45 The Eastern Tribes' Altar and the Reconciliation 22:1-34 Joshua's Farewell Exhortation and Warning 23:1-16 Renewal of the Covenant at Shechem 24:1-27 Death and Burial of Joshua and Eleazar 24:28-33

1 Samuel

Hannah's Prayer for a Son 1:1-20 Hannah Presents Samuel to the Lord 1:21-28 Hannah's Song of Praise 2:1-11 Eli's Corrupt Sons and Samuel's Childhood 2:12-26 Prophecy of Judgment on Eli's House 2:27-36 Samuel's Call and the Lord's Word to Eli 3:1-4:1 Israel Defeated and the Ark Captured 4:2-11 Eli's Death and the Birth of Ichabod 4:12-22 The Ark Brings Judgment in Philistine Cities 5:1-12 The Ark Returned to Israel 6:1-7:1 Samuel Judges Israel and Delivers Them at Mizpah 7:2-17 Israel Demands a King 8:1-22 Saul Chosen and Given Signs 9:1-10:8 Saul Proclaimed King by Lot 10:9-27 Saul's Victory at Jabesh-Gilead 11:1-11 Saul Confirmed as King at Gilgal 11:12-15 Samuel's Farewell and Exhortation to Israel 12:1-25 Saul's Unauthorized Sacrifice and Rebuke 13:1-15 Philistine Pressure and Israel's Lack of Arms 13:16-22 Jonathan's Bold Assault and Victory 13:23-14:14 Saul's Rash Oath and Its Consequences 14:15-23 Saul's Pursuit and Jonathan's Exploits 14:24-48 Saul's Family and Mighty Men 14:49-52 Saul's Disobedience and Rejection as King 15:1-35 David Anointed by Samuel 16:1-13 David Serves Saul and Eases His Torment 16:14-23 David and Goliath 17:1-58 David's Rise and Saul's Jealousy 18:1-30 Saul's Attempts on David's Life and Jonathan's Intervention 19:1-24 David and Jonathan's Covenant 20:1-42 David at Nob: Bread and Goliath's Sword 21:1-9 David Feigns Madness at Gath 21:10-15 David Gathers Followers and Seeks Priestly Aid 22:1-5 Massacre at Nob and Abiathar Joins David 22:6-23 David Delivers Keilah and Inquires of God 23:1-6 Saul's Pursuit, Ziphite Betrayal, and David's Escape 23:7-29 David Spares Saul in a Cave 24:1-22 Nabal's Folly and Abigail's Intervention 25:1-44 David Again Spares Saul in His Camp 26:1-25 David Seeks Refuge with Achish 27:1-12 Saul and the Witch of Endor 28:1-25 The Philistines Reject David 29:1-11 David Recovers His Family and Defeats the Amalekites 30:1-31 The Death of Saul and His Sons 31:1-13

2 Samuel

An Amalekite Reports Saul and Jonathan's Death 1:1-16 David's Lament for Saul and Jonathan 1:17-27 David Anointed King of Judah at Hebron 2:1-7 Ish‑Bosheth Made King; Civil War with David Begins 2:8-3:5 Abner Seeks Alliance with David 3:6-21 Joab Murders Abner; David's Protest and Mourning 3:22-39 Ish‑Bosheth Assassinated 4:1-12 David Anointed King over All Israel 5:1-5 David Captures Jerusalem and Establishes His House 5:6-16 David's Victories over the Philistines 5:17-25 Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem; Uzzah's Death and David's Joy 6:1-23 God's Covenant with David 7:1-17 David's Prayer of Thanksgiving for God's Promise 7:18-29 David's Military Victories 8:1-14 David's Officials and Mighty Men 8:15-18 David Shows Kindness to Mephibosheth 9:1-13 War with the Ammonites and Syrians 10:1-19 David and Bathsheba; the Death of Uriah 11:1-27 Nathan Rebukes David; Judgment and Aftermath 12:1-31 Amnon's Crime against Tamar 13:1-22 Absalom Kills Amnon and Flees 13:23-39 Joab Secures Absalom's Return and Reconciliation 14:1-33 Absalom's Conspiracy and Rise to Power 15:1-12 David Flees Jerusalem; Loyal Followers Accompany Him 15:13-37 Ziba Brings Provisions to David 16:1-4 Shimei Curses David as He Flees 16:5-14 Counsel in Absalom's Court; Ahithophel's Plan and Hushai's Counterplot 16:15-17:29 Battle in the Forest of Ephraim and Absalom's Death 18:1-18 Reports of Victory and David's Grief for Absalom 18:19-19:8 David's Return to Jerusalem; Reconciliation and Disputes 19:9-43 Sheba's Revolt and Its Suppression 20:1-26 Famine and the Gibeonites' Demand; Saul's Descendants Executed 21:1-14 David's Battles with the Philistines and the Valor of His Men 21:15-22 David's Song of Deliverance 22:1-51 David's Final Oracle 23:1-7 The Deeds of David's Mighty Warriors 23:8-39 David's Census and the Resulting Plague 24:1-17 David Purchases the Threshing Floor; Sacrifice and End of Plague 24:18-25

1 Kings

Adonijah Attempts to Seize the Throne 1:1-27 Solomon Anointed King 1:28-53 David's Charge to Solomon and Death 2:1-12 Solomon Consolidates His Power 2:13-46 Solomon's Request for Wisdom 3:1-15 Solomon's Wise Judgment 3:16-28 Solomon's Officials and Administrative Order 4:1-19 The Wealth and Prosperity of Israel 4:20-28 Solomon's Wisdom and Fame 4:29-34 Alliances and Preparations for the Temple 5:1-18 Solomon Builds the Temple 6:1-38 Solomon's Palace and Structural Works 7:1-12 Temple Furnishings and the Work of Hiram 7:13-51 The Ark Brought into the Temple 8:1-21 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication 8:22-61 The Dedication Celebrated with Sacrifice 8:62-66 God's Promise and Warning to Solomon 9:1-9 Solomon's Building Projects and Trade 9:10-28 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 10:1-13 The Wealth and Splendor of Solomon's Reign 10:14-29 Solomon's Foreign Wives and Apostasy 11:1-13 Adversaries Raised Against Solomon 11:14-25 Jeroboam's Call and the Promise of Division 11:26-40 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 11:41-43 Rehoboam's Folly and the Kingdom Divides 12:1-24 Jeroboam Establishes Golden Calves 12:25-33 Prophetic Rebuke at Bethel and Deception 13:1-34 Ahijah's Prophecy Against Jeroboam 14:1-20 Rehoboam's Unfaithfulness and Shishak's Invasion 14:21-31 Abijam's Short Reign in Judah 15:1-8 Asa's Reforms and Early Reign 15:9-24 Nadab's Reign and Baasha's Conspiracy 15:25-32 Baasha's Reign and Jehu's Prophecy 15:33-16:7 Elah Assassinated and Zimri's Usurpation 16:8-14 Zimri's Suicide and Omri's Rise to Power 16:15-20 Omri Establishes Samaria as Capital 16:21-28 Ahab and Jezebel Introduce Baal Worship 16:29-34 Elijah Announces the Drought and Is Fed by Ravens 17:1-6 Elijah in Zarephath: Provision and Resurrection 17:7-24 Elijah Confronts Ahab and Prepares for Confrontation 18:1-15 Elijah on Mount Carmel and the Fall of Baal's Prophets 18:16-46 Elijah Flees to Horeb and Is Renewed 19:1-9 God's Response to Elijah and New Commissions 19:10-18 The Call of Elisha 19:19-21 Ben‑hadad Besieges Samaria; Israel's Defiant Response 20:1-12 Israel's Victories Over Aram and Ahab's Mercy 20:13-34 A Prophet Enacts Judgment on the King 20:35-43 Naboth's Vineyard: Ahab and Jezebel's Crime and Punishment 21:1-29 Ahab and Jehoshaphat Seek Counsel; Micaiah's True Prophecy 22:1-28 Ahab Dies at Ramoth‑Gilead 22:29-40 Jehoshaphat's Reign in Judah 22:41-50 Ahaziah Succeeds Ahab and Does Evil 22:51-53

2 Kings

Ahaziah Seeks Counsel and Elijah’s Judgment 1:1-18 Elijah Taken Up; Elisha Succeeds 2:1-18 Elisha Purifies Jericho’s Water 2:19-22 Mockers of Elisha Mauled by Bears 2:23-25 Alliance Against Moab and Elisha’s Miracle 3:1-27 The Widow’s Oil Multiplied 4:1-7 Elisha Restores the Shunammite’s Son 4:8-37 Poisoned Stew Made Safe 4:38-41 Elisha Feeds a Hundred Men 4:42-44 Naaman Healed of Leprosy and Gehazi’s Greed 5:1-27 The Floating Axe Head 6:1-7 Elisha Foils the Aramean Raid 6:8-23 Famine Besieges Samaria 6:24-7:2 Arameans Flee; Samaria’s Deliverance 7:3-20 The Shunammite Restored to Her Land 8:1-6 Elisha Foretells Hazael’s Rise 8:7-15 Jehoram’s Reign in Israel 8:16-24 Ahaziah of Judah Ascends the Throne 8:25-29 Anointing of Jehu as King 9:1-13 Jehu Slays Joram and the House of Ahab 9:14-29 The Death of Jezebel 9:30-37 Jehu Executes Ahab’s Kin at Jezreel 10:1-17 Jehu Destroys Baal Worship 10:18-36 Joash Crowned; Athaliah Overthrown 11:1-21 Joash Repairs the Temple 12:1-21 Jehoahaz of Israel and Aramean Oppression 13:1-9 Jehoash of Israel and Elisha’s Final Acts 13:10-25 Amaziah of Judah: Victory and Pride 14:1-22 Jeroboam II Restores Israel’s Borders 14:23-29 Azariah (Uzziah) King of Judah 15:1-7 Zechariah’s Short Reign and Assassination 15:8-12 Shallum’s Brief Usurpation and Murder 15:13-16 Menahem’s Reign and Tribute to Assyria 15:17-22 Pekahiah Murdered; Pekah’s Conspiracy 15:23-26 Pekah Rules and Wars with Judah 15:27-31 Jotham King of Judah 15:32-38 Ahaz’s Reign and Submission to Assyria 16:1-20 Fall of Samaria and Israel’s Exile 17:1-6 Reasons for Israel’s Exile 17:7-23 Resettling Samaria and Syncretistic Worship 17:24-41 Hezekiah’s Reforms and Fortifications 18:1-16 Rabshakeh’s Taunts before Jerusalem 18:17-37 Hezekiah’s Plea and Isaiah’s Prophecy 19:1-13 Hezekiah’s Prayer of Surrender 19:14-19 The LORD Delivers Jerusalem from Sennacherib 19:20-37 Hezekiah’s Illness, Recovery, and the Sign 20:1-11 Hezekiah’s Pride and a Warning about Babylon 20:12-21 Manasseh’s Long, Wicked Reign 21:1-18 Amon’s Short Reign and Assassination 21:19-26 Josiah Finds the Book of the Law and Reforms 22:1-20 Josiah’s Covenant Renewal and Passover 23:1-30 Jehoahaz Deposed; Jehoiakim Installed by Egypt 23:31-35 Jehoiakim’s Reign and Babylonian Pressure 23:36-24:7 Jehoiachin’s Brief Reign and First Exile 24:8-17 Zedekiah Appointed as Babylon’s Vassal 24:18-19 Siege and Fall of Jerusalem; Destruction and Exile 24:20-25:26 Jehoiachin Released from Babylonian Prison 25:27-30

1 Chronicles

Genealogies from Adam to Abraham 1:1-27 The Descendants of Abraham 1:28-34 The Edomite Genealogies (Esau and Seir) 1:35-54 The Sons of Israel 2:1-2 The Genealogy and Families of Judah 2:3-55 David’s Descendants and the Royal Line 3:1-24 Judahite Families and Notable Descendants 4:1-23 The Families and Settlements of Simeon 4:24-43 Transjordanian Tribes and Their Chiefs 5:1-10 Wars and Settlements East of the Jordan 5:11-22 Loss of Territory and Exile East of the Jordan 5:23-26 The Levites: Genealogy and Temple Service 6:1-81 The Tribe of Issachar 7:1-5 A Register of Benjamin’s Households 7:6-12 A Brief Genealogical Note 7:13 The Tribe of Naphtali 7:14-19 The Tribe of Manasseh 7:20-29 The Tribe of Ephraim 7:30-40 The Genealogy of Benjamin (including Saul’s Line) 8:1-9:1 Resettlement of Jerusalem: Residents and Officials 9:2-34 Gatekeepers and Temple Servants in Jerusalem 9:35-44 The Death of Saul and the End of His House 10:1-14 David Anointed King over Israel 11:1-3 David Captures Jerusalem (Zion) 11:4-9 David’s Mighty Men and Warriors 11:10-47 Those Who Came to David at Hebron (Judah’s Support) 12:1-22 Israel’s Warriors Join David at Hebron 12:23-40 Bringing the Ark: Preparations and Uzzah’s Death 13:1-14 David’s Household and Philistine Submission 14:1-7 David’s Victories over the Philistines 14:8-17 Preparations for Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem 15:1-16:6 David Institutes Worship and a Song of Praise 16:7-43 God’s Covenant with David (Nathan’s Oracle) 17:1-15 David’s Prayer of Thanksgiving for the Covenant 17:16-27 David’s Military Victories and Tribute 18:1-13 David’s Officials and the Spoils of War 18:14-17 War with the Ammonites and Their Allies 19:1-19 The Campaign against Rabbah (Ammon) 20:1-3 Defeat of the Philistines and Their Champions 20:4-8 David’s Census, Plague, and Purchase of the Temple Site 21:1-22:1 David’s Preparations and Instructions for Solomon 22:2-19 David Organizes the Levites 23:1-6 Levitical Families and Their Heads 23:7-11 Age Regulations and Duties of the Levites 23:12-20 Assignments of Levites: Singers, Gatekeepers, Treasurers 23:21-32 Divisions of the Priests into Twenty‑Four Courses 24:1-19 Priestly Families and Their Cities 24:20-31 The Levitical Musicians and Their Organization 25:1-31 Gatekeepers and Their Lineages 26:1-19 Officials Responsible for Treasuries and Records 26:20-32 Military Divisions and Their Commanders 27:1-15 David’s Civil Officials and Overseers 27:16-24 Heads of the King’s Household and Provisions 27:25-34 David’s Charge to Solomon and the Temple Plan 28:1-21 The Nation’s Offerings for the Temple 29:1-9 David’s Prayer of Praise and Blessing for Solomon 29:10-20 David’s Final Acts and Organization of the Kingdom 29:21-25 The Death of David and Solomon’s Accession 29:26-30

2 Chronicles

Solomon's Sacrifice at Gibeon and Prayer for Wisdom 1:1-17 Solomon Secures Materials and Craftsmen for the Temple 2:1-18 The Temple: Foundation and Structure 3:1-17 Temple Furnishings and Completion of the Work 4:1-5:1 The Ark Installed and Solomon's Dedication Prayer 5:2-6:11 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication and God's Assurance 6:12-42 The Lord Fills the Temple and the Dedication Festival 7:1-10 God Appears to Solomon and Gives a Conditional Promise 7:11-22 Solomon's Other Buildings and Relations with Hiram 8:1-18 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 9:1-12 Solomon's Wealth, Trade, and Administration 9:13-28 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 9:29-31 Rehoboam's Folly and the Division of the Kingdom 10:1-11:4 Rehoboam Fortifies Judah and Consolidates Support 11:5-17 Rehoboam's Descendants and Death 11:18-23 Shishak's Invasion and Judah's Loss 12:1-16 Abijah's Victory over Israel and His Death 13:1-14:1 Asa's Reforms and Victory over Ethiopia 14:2-15 Asa Strengthened by Prophecy and Covenant Renewal 15:1-19 Asa's Alliance with Aram and Reproof by Hanani 16:1-14 Jehoshaphat Strengthens Judah and Reforms Justice 17:1-19 Jehoshaphat's Alliance with Ahab and the Battle at Ramoth-gilead 18:1-27 Jehu Rebukes Jehoshaphat for the Alliance with Ahab 18:28-19:3 Judicial Reforms: Judges Appointed to Administer Justice 19:4-11 Jehoshaphat's Deliverance through Prayer and Praise 20:1-30 End of Jehoshaphat's Reign and Jehoram's Accession 20:31-21:3 Jehoram's Wicked Reign, Revolts, and Judgment 21:4-20 Ahaziah Succeeds His Father and Is Wounded 22:1-9 Athaliah's Usurpation Overthrown and Joash Crowned 22:10-23:21 Joash's Temple Restoration under Jehoiada 24:1-16 Joash's Apostasy, Punishment, and Assassination 24:17-27 Amaziah's Reign: Victory, Pride, and Defeat by Israel 25:1-28 Uzziah's Prosperity and Pride; Leprosy for Presumption 26:1-23 Jotham's Reign: Fortifications and Prosperity 27:1-9 Ahaz's Idolatry, Defeats, and Assyrian Subjugation 28:1-27 Hezekiah's Temple Restoration and Religious Reforms 29:1-36 Hezekiah's Passover and National Repentance 30:1-31:1 Hezekiah's Religious Administration and Temple Support 31:2-21 Hezekiah's Defense Against Sennacherib and Divine Deliverance 32:1-23 Hezekiah's Illness, Pride, and the Babylonian Envoys 32:24-33 Manasseh's Idolatry, Captivity, Repentance, and Restoration 33:1-20 Amon's Wicked Reign and Assassination 33:21-25 Josiah's Early Reforms and Temple Repair 34:1-13 The Book of the Law Found, Huldah's Prophecy, and Josiah's Covenant 34:14-33 Josiah's Observance of the Passover 35:1-19 Josiah Killed at Megiddo and National Mourning 35:20-36:1 Jehoahaz Reigns Briefly and Is Deposed by Pharaoh 36:2-4 Jehoiakim's Reign and Disobedience 36:5-8 Jehoiachin's Short Reign and Exile to Babylon 36:9-10 Zedekiah's Reign and Rejection of Prophetic Warnings 36:11-14 Judgment, Exile, and the Decree of Cyrus 36:15-23

Psalm

Psalms 1–2 1:1-2:12 Psalms 3–8 3:1-8 Psalms 4–8 4:1-8 Psalms 5–12 5:1-12 Psalms 6–10 6:1-10 Psalms 7–17 7:1-17 Psalms 8–9 8:1-9 Psalms 9–10 9:1-10:18 Psalms 11–7 11:1-7 Psalms 12–8 12:1-8 Psalms 13–6 13:1-6 Psalms 14–7 14:1-7 Psalms 15–5 15:1-5 Psalms 16–11 16:1-11 Psalms 17–15 17:1-15 Psalms 18–50 18:1-50 Psalms 19–14 19:1-14 Psalms 20–9 20:1-9 Psalms 21–13 21:1-13 Psalms 22–31 22:1-31 Psalms 23–6 23:1-6 Psalms 24–10 24:1-10 Psalms 25–22 25:1-22 Psalms 26–12 26:1-12 Psalms 27–14 27:1-14 Psalms 28–9 28:1-9 Psalms 29–11 29:1-11 Psalms 30–12 30:1-12 Psalms 31–24 31:1-24 Psalms 32–33 32:1-33:22 Psalms 34–22 34:1-22 Psalms 35–28 35:1-28 Psalms 36–12 36:1-12 Psalms 37–40 37:1-40 Psalms 38–22 38:1-22 Psalms 39–13 39:1-13 Psalms 40–17 40:1-17 Psalms 41–13 41:1-13 Psalms 42–43 42:1-43:5 Psalms 44–26 44:1-26 Psalms 45–17 45:1-17 Psalms 46–11 46:1-11 Psalms 47–9 47:1-9 Psalms 48–14 48:1-14 Psalms 49–20 49:1-20 Psalms 50–23 50:1-23 Psalms 51–19 51:1-19 Psalms 52–9 52:1-9 Psalms 53–6 53:1-6 Psalms 54–7 54:1-7 Psalms 55–23 55:1-23 Psalms 56–13 56:1-13 Psalms 57–11 57:1-11 Psalms 58–11 58:1-11 Psalms 59–17 59:1-17 Psalms 60–12 60:1-12 Psalms 61–8 61:1-8 Psalms 62–12 62:1-12 Psalms 63–11 63:1-11 Psalms 64–10 64:1-10 Psalms 65–13 65:1-13 Psalms 66–20 66:1-20 Psalms 67–7 67:1-7 Psalms 68–35 68:1-35 Psalms 69–36 69:1-36 Psalms 70–71 70:1-71:24 Psalms 72–20 72:1-20 Psalms 73–28 73:1-28 Psalms 74–23 74:1-23 Psalms 75–10 75:1-10 Psalms 76–12 76:1-12 Psalms 77–20 77:1-20 Psalms 78–72 78:1-72 Psalms 79–13 79:1-13 Psalms 80–19 80:1-19 Psalms 81–16 81:1-16 Psalms 82–8 82:1-8 Psalms 83–18 83:1-18 Psalms 84–12 84:1-12 Psalms 85–13 85:1-13 Psalms 86–17 86:1-17 Psalms 87–7 87:1-7 Psalms 88–18 88:1-18 Psalms 89–52 89:1-52 Psalms 90–91 90:1-91:16 Psalms 92–97 92:1-97:12 Psalms 98–99 98:1-99:9 Psalms 100–5 100:1-5 Psalms 101–8 101:1-8 Psalms 102–28 102:1-28 Psalms 103–106 103:1-106:48 Psalms 107–43 107:1-43 Psalms 108–13 108:1-13 Psalms 109–31 109:1-31 Psalms 110–118 110:1-118:29 Psalms 119–8 119:1-8 Psalms 119–16 119:9-16 Psalms 119–24 119:17-24 Psalms 119–32 119:25-32 Psalms 119–40 119:33-40 Psalms 119–48 119:41-48 Psalms 119–56 119:49-56 Psalms 119–64 119:57-64 Psalms 119–72 119:65-72 Psalms 119–80 119:73-80 Psalms 119–88 119:81-88 Psalms 119–176 119:89-176 Psalms 119–104 119:96-104 Psalms 119–112 119:105-112 Psalms 119–120 119:113-120 Psalms 119–128 119:121-128 Psalms 119–136 119:129-136 Psalms 119–144 119:137-144 Psalms 119–152 119:145-152 Psalms 119–160 119:153-160 Psalms 119–168 119:161-168 Psalms 119–176 119:169-176 Psalms 120–7 120:1-7 Psalms 121–8 121:1-8 Psalms 122–9 122:1-9 Psalms 123–4 123:1-4 Psalms 124–8 124:1-8 Psalms 125–5 125:1-5 Psalms 126–6 126:1-6 Psalms 127–5 127:1-5 Psalms 128–6 128:1-6 Psalms 129–8 129:1-8 Psalms 130–8 130:1-8 Psalms 131–3 131:1-3 Psalms 132–18 132:1-18 Psalms 133–3 133:1-3 Psalms 134–137 134:1-137:9 Psalms 138–8 138:1-8 Psalms 139–24 139:1-24 Psalms 140–13 140:1-13 Psalms 141–10 141:1-10 Psalms 142–7 142:1-7 Psalms 143–12 143:1-12 Psalms 144–15 144:1-15 Psalms 145–150 145:1-150:6

Proverbs

Introduction: The Purpose of Proverbs and the Fear of the Lord 1:1-7 Warning Against Enticement by Sinners 1:8-19 Wisdom's Public Call and the Folly of Rejection 1:20-33 The Value of Wisdom and Its Protection 2:1-22 Trusting God and Walking in Wisdom 3:1-35 A Father's Exhortation to Hold Fast to Wisdom 4:1-27 Warning Against Adultery and a Call to Fidelity 5:1-23 Warnings: Surety, Laziness, and Wickedness 6:1-19 Obey Parental Commands and the Dangers of Adultery 6:20-35 The Example of a Young Man Seduced 7:1-27 Wisdom's Proclamation and Blessings 8:1-36 Contrasting Invitations of Wisdom and Folly 9:1-18 Solomon's Proverbs: Contrasts of Righteousness and Folly 10:1-32 Proverbs on Justice, Integrity, and Righteous Living 11:1-31 Wise Conduct, Diligence, and Righteous Speech 12:1-28 Discipline, Wealth, and the Wise Child 13:1-25 Sayings on Wisdom, Folly, and the Fear of the Lord 14:1-35 The Power of Speech and the Benefits of Wisdom 15:1-33 God's Sovereignty Over Human Plans 16:1-33 Relations and Righteousness: Peace, Speech, and Integrity 17:1-28 The Power of Words and the Nature of Companionship 18:1-24 Advice on Wealth, Conduct, and Discipline 19:1-29 Counsel, Justice, and Warnings Against Excess 20:1-30 Divine Sovereignty, Justice, and the King's Role 21:1-31 Reputation, Generosity, and Child Discipline 22:1-16 Sayings of the Wise: Practical Moral Instruction 22:17-24:34 Solomon's Proverbs on Restraint and Leadership 25:1-28 Folly and Foolish Behavior in Speech and Deeds 26:1-28 Friendship, Counsel, and Practical Wisdom for Life 27:1-27 Justice, Righteousness, and the Results of Rebellion 28:1-28 Discipline, Leadership, and Social Order 29:1-27 The Sayings of Agur: Humility and Observations 30:1-33 Advice to King Lemuel and the Virtuous Woman 31:1-31

Isaiah

Judah's Rebellion and Call to Repentance 1:1-31 The Mountain of the Lord and the Nations' Hope 2:1-6 Judgment on Arrogance and Idolatry 2:7-22 Judgment on Jerusalem's Leaders and Social Order 3:1-4:1 The Branch and the Renewal of Zion 4:2-6 The Song of the Vineyard: Israel's Failure 5:1-7 Woes to Israel and Coming Judgment 5:8-30 Isaiah's Vision and Commission 6:1-13 Ahaz, the Immanuel Sign, and Invasion 7:1-25 The Sign of Plunder and a Call to Courage 8:1-10 Trust the Lord, Not Alliances or Diviners 8:11-22 A Child Is Born: Promise of Peace 9:1-7 Israel's Arrogance and Coming Punishment 9:8-10:4 Assyria: Instrument of Judgment and Its Doom 10:5-19 The Remnant and the Fall of Assyria 10:20-34 The Righteous Branch and the Peaceable Kingdom 11:1-16 A Song of Praise for God's Salvation 12:1-6 Babylon's Doom and the Day of the Lord 13:1-14:23 God's Decree: Assyria Overthrown 14:24-27 Oracle Concerning Philistia and Promise to Zion 14:28-32 Lament for Moab 15:1-16:14 Judgment on Damascus and Northern Israel 17:1-14 A Message to Cush (Ethiopia) 18:1-7 Judgment on Egypt and Future Salvation 19:1-25 Isaiah's Sign against Egypt and Cush 20:1-6 Prophecy of Babylon's Fall (The Watchman's Report) 21:1-10 Oracle concerning Dumah: The Night Watchman's Lament 21:11-12 Oracle Against Arabia (Dedan and Kedar) 21:13-17 The Valley of Vision: Jerusalem's Fall and Leadership Change 22:1-25 Tyre's Fall and Future Restoration 23:1-18 The Lord's Universal Judgment and Final Reign 24:1-23 Praise for God's Triumph and Deliverance 25:1-12 Trust in God and Hope for Deliverance 26:1-21 The Slaying of Leviathan and Israel's Restoration 27:1-13 Woe to Ephraim and Judah: Drunkenness and Judgment 28:1-29 Woe to Ariel (Jerusalem) and Promise of Enlightenment 29:1-24 Rebuke for Seeking Egypt's Help; Call to Trust the Lord 30:1-33 Egypt Is No Help; The Lord Will Save Jerusalem 31:1-9 A Righteous King and Just Leadership 32:1-8 Call to Repentance and Promise of Renewal 32:9-20 A Plea for Deliverance and the Lord's Judgment 33:1-24 The Lord's Vengeance on the Nations (Edom) 34:1-17 The Glorious Restoration of the Redeemed 35:1-10 Sennacherib's Siege and Rabshakeh's Taunt 36:1-22 Hezekiah Seeks Isaiah; Rabshakeh's Threat 37:1-13 Hezekiah's Prayer and Isaiah's Assurance 37:14-20 God Delivers Jerusalem and Sennacherib's Defeat 37:21-38 Hezekiah's Illness, Prayer, and Recovery 38:1-22 Babylonian Envoys and the Announcement of Exile 39:1-8 Comfort for Zion and the Majesty of God 40:1-31 God Defends Israel Against the Nations and Idols 41:1-29 The Servant of the Lord: Covenant and Mission 42:1-9 A Call to Praise and God's Guidance for the Blind 42:10-17 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Resulting Judgment 42:18-25 Israel Redeemed: God's Sovereign Deliverer 43:1-13 The Lord Proclaims Redemption and Rebukes Israel 43:14-28 Israel Chosen and Blessed by the Spirit 44:1-5 The Folly of Idols and God's Uniqueness 44:6-23 God the Creator and the Call of Cyrus for Israel's Restoration 44:24-45:25 The God Who Carries and Redeems: Yahweh's Sovereignty over Idols 46:1-13 The Humbling of Babylon the Mistress 47:1-15 Israel's Stubbornness and God's Resolute Purpose 48:1-11 God's Sovereign 'I Am' and Call to Return 48:12-22 The Servant's Commission to Restore Israel and the Nations 49:1-8 Restoration and Promise to Gather Israel 49:9-26 The Servant's Suffering and Israel's Rejection 50:1-11 Comfort for Zion: Remember Abraham; God's Salvation 51:1-16 Awakening of Zion and Proclamation of Salvation 51:17-52:12 The Suffering Servant and Atonement 52:13-53:12 The Exalted Zion: Promise of Restoration and Protection 54:1-17 Invitation to Life and the Power of God's Word 55:1-13 Justice, Inclusion, and Sabbath Observance 56:1-8 Condemnation of Idolatry and Complacency 56:9-57:13 Restoration for the Humble and Promise of Peace 57:14-21 True Fasting: Justice, Mercy, and Sabbath Blessing 58:1-14 Sin's Consequences and God's Redeeming Intervention 59:1-21 The Glory and Gathering of Zion 60:1-22 The Year of the Lord's Favor and Joyful Restoration 61:1-11 Zion's Vindication and New Name 62:1-12 The Lord's Vengeance: Treading the Winepress 63:1-6 Remembering God's Mercy and Plea for Restoration 63:7-64:12 God's Grace to the Faithful and Judgment on the Rebellious 65:1-16 A New Creation: Joy and Peace 65:17-25 The Lord's Final Judgment and the New Creation 66:1-24

Jeremiah

The Call and Commission of Jeremiah 1:1-19 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Call to Repentance 2:1-3:5 Judah's Spiritual Adultery and Call to Return 3:6-4:4 The Coming Calamity on the Land 4:5-31 An Accusation against Jerusalem's Corruption 5:1-31 The Siege and Devastation of Jerusalem 6:1-30 The Temple Sermon: False Security Condemned 7:1-29 Violence and Corruption in the Land 7:30-8:3 Persistent Idolatry and Coming Punishment 8:4-9:26 The Folly of Idols 10:1-16 Judah's Flight and Jeremiah's Lament 10:17-22 A Prayer for Direction and Deliverance 10:23-25 The Broken Covenant and a Public Warning 11:1-17 Conspiracy against Jeremiah and God's Vindication 11:18-23 Jeremiah's Complaint to God 12:1-4 A Call to Endure and Judgment on Nations 12:5-17 The Linen Belt: Symbol of Judah's Humiliation 13:1-11 A Sign of Shame and Pronounced Judgment 13:12-14 A Lament of Shame and Imminent Disaster 13:15-27 Famine, False Prophets, and Divine Judgment 14:1-15:21 Symbolic Acts and the People's Sinfulness 16:1-17:18 Warning about Sabbath Violations 17:19-27 The Potter and the Broken Jar: Judgment on Jerusalem 18:1-19:15 Persecution by Pashhur the Priest 20:1-6 Jeremiah's Lament and Resolve 20:7-18 A Message to the Royal House: Doom for Jerusalem 21:1-14 Judgment on the Kings and Royal House 22:1-30 False Shepherds Condemned and a Righteous Branch Promised 23:1-8 Condemnation of False Prophets 23:9-32 The Lord Rebukes False Oracles 23:33-40 The Two Figs: Exile and Remnant 24:1-10 Seventy Years of Babylonian Dominion 25:1-14 The Cup of God's Wrath on the Nations 25:15-38 Jeremiah's Temple Address, Arrest, and Vindication 26:1-24 The Yoke of Babylon and Call to Submit 27:1-22 Hananiah's False Prophecy and Its Rebuke 28:1-17 Letter to the Exiles: Seek the Welfare of Babylon 29:1-23 Shemaiah's Letter and Its Condemnation 29:24-32 The Book of Comfort: Restoration and the New Covenant 30:1-31:40 Jeremiah Buys a Field: Faith and Hope in Captivity 32:1-44 Promise of Restoration and the Davidic Covenant 33:1-26 Zedekiah's Appeal and Jeremiah's Warning 34:1-7 Breach of Covenant and Punishment for Oppression 34:8-22 The Rechabites' Fidelity as a Rebuke to Judah 35:1-19 Baruch Writes Jeremiah's Words and the Scroll Is Burned 36:1-32 Jeremiah Imprisoned during the Siege of Jerusalem 37:1-21 Jeremiah Cast into a Cistern 38:1-13 Ebed‑Melech Rescues Jeremiah; Zedekiah's Failure 38:14-28 The Fall of Jerusalem and Jeremiah's Release 39:1-18 Gedaliah Appointed Governor and Jeremiah's Choice 40:1-6 Assassination of Gedaliah and the Terror in Judah 40:7-41:15 Rejection of Jeremiah's Counsel and Flight to Egypt 41:16-43:13 The Jews in Egypt: Idolatry and Condemnation 44:1-30 A Word to Baruch: Encouragement and Warning 45:1-5 Oracles against Egypt 46:1-28 Judgment on the Philistines 47:1-7 Judgment on Moab 48:1-47 Judgment on Ammon 49:1-6 Judgment on Edom 49:7-22 Judgment on Damascus and Aram 49:23-27 Destruction of Kedar and the Nomads 49:28-33 Judgment on Elam and Future Restoration 49:34-39 Judgment on Babylon and Its Final Fall 50:1-51:64 The Fall of Jerusalem and Zedekiah's Fate 52:1-30 Jehoiachin's Release from Babylonian Captivity 52:31-34

Ezekiel

The Vision of God's Glory and the Living Creatures 1:1-28 Ezekiel's Commission and the Eating of the Scroll 2:1-3:15 Ezekiel Appointed as Watchman and Made Speechless 3:16-27 Symbolic Acts of Siege and Judgment on Jerusalem 4:1-5:17 Judgment on Israel for Idolatry 6:1-14 The Day of the Lord: Impending Disaster 7:1-27 Visions of Temple Abominations 8:1-18 The Execution of Jerusalem's Wicked and the Marked Few 9:1-11 The Departure of God's Glory from the Temple 10:1-22 Condemnation of Jerusalem's Leaders 11:1-15 The Departure of God's Glory and Promise of Restoration 11:16-25 Signs of Exile and the Futility of False Hopes 12:1-28 Condemnation of False Prophets and Diviners 13:1-23 Elders' Idolatry and Its Consequences 14:1-11 Judgment on Nations and the Limits of Intercession 14:12-23 Jerusalem Portrayed as a Useless Vine 15:1-8 Jerusalem's Infidelity: Shame, Judgment, and Vindication 16:1-63 The Parable of the Two Eagles: Zedekiah's Folly 17:1-24 Individual Responsibility and the Call to Repentance 18:1-32 A Lament for Israel's Princes 19:1-14 Israel's History of Rebellion and Divine Judgment 20:1-29 Punishment for Profane Worship and Promise of Restoration 20:30-44 A Prophecy Against the Mountains of Israel 20:45-49 The Sword of the Lord: Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations 21:1-32 Jerusalem's Corruption and the Search for a Righteous Remnant 22:1-31 The Sisters' Harlotry: Samaria and Jerusalem Condemned 23:1-49 The Boiling Pot: Prophecy of Jerusalem's Siege 24:1-14 The Sign of Ezekiel's Wife's Death: Judgment and Changed Lament 24:15-27 Oracle Against Ammon 25:1-7 Oracles Against Moab and Seir 25:8-11 Judgment on the Philistines 25:12-14 Oracle Against Tyre 25:15-17 The Fall of Tyre Foretold 26:1-21 Lamentation for Tyre, the Merchant City 27:1-36 The Pride and Fall of Tyre's Ruler 28:1-19 Judgment on Sidon and Promise of Israel's Security 28:20-26 Egypt's Humiliation and Years of Desolation 29:1-21 The Day of the Lord Against Egypt and Its Allies 30:1-26 Egypt Compared to the Fallen Cedar: Pride and Doom 31:1-18 Lament for Egypt's Collapse and Descent into Sheol 32:1-32 The Watchman's Duty and Personal Responsibility 33:1-20 Report of Jerusalem's Fall and the People's Alarm 33:21-33 Condemnation of Bad Shepherds and Promise of a Good Shepherd 34:1-31 Judgment on Edom for Rejoicing over Israel 35:1-15 Promise of Israel's Restoration and Spiritual Renewal 36:1-38 The Valley of Dry Bones: National Revival 37:1-14 The Two Sticks: Unity of Israel and the Davidic Covenant 37:15-28 The Invasion of Gog and Its Defeat 38:1-39:29 Vision of the Future Temple: Introduction and Commission 40:1-4 Measurements of the Outer Court and Gateways 40:5-16 Courtyard Entrances and Portico Dimensions 40:17-19 Inner Court Entrances and Chambers 40:20-23 Vestibules and Side Entrance Specifications 40:24-27 Details of Inner Chambers and Gate Structure 40:28-37 Porches, Chambers, and Steps of the Temple Court 40:38-43 Priests' Chambers and the Prince's Quarters 40:44-47 The Inner Sanctuary and Holy Place Measurements 40:48-41:26 Priestly Chambers and the Inner Court Layout 42:1-20 The Return of God's Glory to the Temple 43:1-12 Altar Design and Sacrificial Regulations 43:13-27 Temple Gates, Priestly Roles, and Exclusions 44:1-31 Land Allotments and the Prince's Portion 45:1-12 Worship Regulations: Offerings, Festivals, and the Prince 45:13-46:24 The Life-Giving River Flowing from the Temple 47:1-12 Division of the Land and Inheritance Boundaries 47:13-23 Tribal Allotments in the Restored Land 48:1-29 The City Gates and the Name: 'The Lord Is There' 48:30-35

Matthew

The Genealogy of Jesus 1:1-17 The Birth of Jesus Foretold to Joseph 1:18-25 The Visit of the Magi 2:1-12 Flight into Egypt and the Slaughter of the Innocents 2:13-18 Return to Nazareth 2:19-23 John the Baptist Prepares the Way 3:1-12 The Baptism of Jesus 3:13-17 The Temptation of Jesus 4:1-11 Jesus Begins His Galilean Ministry 4:12-17 Jesus Calls the First Disciples 4:18-22 Jesus Ministers Throughout Galilee 4:23-25 The Beatitudes 5:1-12 Salt and Light 5:13-16 Jesus and the Law 5:17-20 Teaching on Anger and Reconciliation 5:21-26 Teaching on Adultery and Lust 5:27-30 Teaching on Divorce 5:31-32 Teaching on Oaths and Honesty 5:33-37 Teaching on Retaliation and Generosity 5:38-42 Love Your Enemies 5:43-48 Giving to the Needy in Secret 6:1-4 Prayer and the Lord's Prayer 6:5-15 Teaching on Fasting 6:16-18 Treasures and Serving God 6:19-24 Do Not Worry 6:25-34 Do Not Judge 7:1-6 Ask, Seek, Knock and the Golden Rule 7:7-12 The Narrow and Wide Gates 7:13-14 Recognizing False Prophets 7:15-23 Parable of the Wise and Foolish Builders 7:24-29 Jesus Cleanses a Leper 8:1-4 The Faith of the Centurion 8:5-13 Jesus Heals Many and Fulfills Prophecy 8:14-17 The Cost of Discipleship 8:18-22 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:23-27 Healing of Two Demon-Possessed Men 8:28-34 Jesus Heals a Paralytic 9:1-8 Jesus Calls Matthew and Eats with Sinners 9:9-13 Fasting and the New Cloth and Wineskins 9:14-17 A Daughter Restored and a Woman Healed 9:18-26 Two Blind Men Healed and a Mute Man Restored 9:27-34 Jesus' Compassion and the Call for Workers 9:35-38 The Mission of the Twelve 10:1-42 John's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony about John 11:1-19 Woe to Unrepentant Cities 11:20-24 The Father's Revelation and Rest for the Weary 11:25-30 Sabbath Controversies: Grain and Healing 12:1-14 Jesus Heals and Fulfills Isaiah's Prophecy 12:15-21 Accusation, Blasphemy Against the Spirit, and the Heart's Fruit 12:22-37 The Sign of Jonah and the Unclean Spirit 12:38-45 Jesus Redefines Family 12:46-50 The Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 13:1-23 The Parable of the Weeds 13:24-30 The Mustard Seed and the Yeast 13:31-35 Explanation of the Weeds and End-Time Judgment 13:36-43 Treasure and Pearl: The Kingdom's Value 13:44-46 The Net and New and Old Treasures 13:47-52 Jesus Rejected at Nazareth 13:53-58 The Execution of John the Baptist 14:1-12 Feeding the Five Thousand 14:13-21 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals Many 14:22-36 Tradition, Purity, and the Canaanite Woman's Faith 15:1-28 Jesus Heals Many and Feeds the Four Thousand 15:29-39 Pharisees Demand a Sign 16:1-4 Warning About the Teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees 16:5-12 Peter's Confession: You Are the Christ 16:13-20 Jesus Foretells His Death and Discipleship 16:21-28 The Transfiguration 17:1-13 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy and a Second Prediction of Death 17:14-23 Payment of the Temple Tax 17:24-27 Humility and Care for Little Ones 18:1-9 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 18:10-14 Church Discipline and Prayer 18:15-20 Forgiveness and the Unforgiving Servant 18:21-35 Marriage, Divorce, and Children 19:1-15 The Rich Young Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 19:16-30 The Parable of the Laborers in the Vineyard 20:1-16 Jesus Predicts His Death and Resurrection 20:17-19 Request for Honor and Teaching on Servanthood 20:20-28 Two Blind Men Healed Near Jericho 20:29-34 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 21:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Heals 21:12-17 The Withered Fig Tree and Teaching on Faith 21:18-22 Jesus' Authority Challenged 21:23-27 The Parable of the Two Sons 21:28-32 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 21:33-46 The Parable of the Wedding Banquet 22:1-14 Question about Paying Taxes to Caesar 22:15-22 The Sadducees and the Resurrection 22:23-33 The Greatest Commandment 22:34-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees about the Messiah 22:41-46 Seven Woes on the Scribes and Pharisees 23:1-39 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of the End and the Temple's Destruction 24:1-35 The Olivet Discourse: Watchfulness and Judgment 24:36-51 The Parable of the Ten Virgins 25:1-13 The Parable of the Talents 25:14-30 The Final Judgment: Sheep and Goats 25:31-46 The Plot to Arrest Jesus 26:1-5 The Anointing at Bethany 26:6-13 Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus 26:14-16 The Last Supper 26:17-30 Jesus Predicts Peter's Denial 26:31-35 Prayer in Gethsemane 26:36-46 The Arrest of Jesus 26:47-56 Jesus Before the Sanhedrin 26:57-68 Peter's Denial and Repentance 26:69-75 Judas' Remorse and Suicide 27:1-10 Jesus Sentenced by Pilate 27:11-26 Jesus Mocked and Scourged 27:27-31 The Crucifixion and Mockery 27:32-44 The Death of Jesus 27:45-56 Jesus Is Buried 27:57-61 The Tomb Secured by the Authorities 27:62-66 The Resurrection: Women at the Tomb 28:1-10 The Guards' Report and the Chief Priests' Lie 28:11-15 The Great Commission 28:16-20

Mark

John the Baptist Prepares the Way 1:1-8 The Baptism and Temptation of Jesus 1:9-13 Jesus Begins His Ministry and Calls the First Disciples 1:14-20 Jesus Teaches with Authority and Casts Out an Unclean Spirit 1:21-28 Healings and Demons Cleansed at Simon's Home 1:29-34 Jesus Prays and Proclaims the Kingdom in Galilee 1:35-39 Healing of a Man with Leprosy 1:40-45 Forgiveness and Healing of a Paralytic 2:1-12 Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 2:13-17 Questions about Fasting; New Cloth and Wineskins 2:18-22 Sabbath Controversies: Grain, Healing, and Plot Against Jesus 2:23-3:6 Great Crowds Follow; Unclean Spirits Acknowledge Jesus 3:7-12 Jesus Appoints the Twelve Apostles 3:13-19 Accusations of Beelzebul and the Parable of the Strong Man 3:20-30 Jesus Redefines True Family 3:31-35 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 4:1-20 A Lamp, Measure, and the Principle of Growth 4:21-25 Parable of the Growing Seed 4:26-29 The Mustard Seed and the Kingdom's Growth 4:30-34 Jesus Calms the Storm 4:35-41 The Gerasene Demoniac Restored 5:1-20 A Woman Healed and Jairus' Daughter Raised 5:21-43 Jesus Rejected in His Hometown 6:1-6 Jesus Sends Out the Twelve 6:7-13 Herod, Herodias, and the Death of John the Baptist 6:14-29 Feeding of the Five Thousand 6:30-44 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals at Gennesaret 6:45-56 Tradition, Inner Purity, and What Truly Defiles 7:1-23 A Gentile Woman's Faith and the Healing at Tyre 7:24-30 Jesus Heals a Deaf Man Who Could Not Speak Clearly 7:31-37 Feeding the Four Thousand and the Pharisees' Demand for a Sign 8:1-13 Beware the Yeast of the Pharisees and Herod 8:14-21 Healing of a Blind Man at Bethsaida 8:22-26 Peter Confesses Jesus as the Christ 8:27-30 Jesus Predicts His Death and Calls Disciples to Take Up the Cross 8:31-9:1 The Transfiguration and the Return of Elijah 9:2-13 Healing of a Boy with an Unclean Spirit; Jesus Predicts His Passion Again 9:14-32 Who Is the Greatest? A Child as the Model of Service 9:33-37 Tolerance for Those Who Serve in Jesus' Name 9:38-41 Warnings about Causing Sin; Exhortations on Salt and Holiness 9:42-50 Jesus' Teaching on Divorce 10:1-12 Jesus Blesses Little Children 10:13-16 The Rich Young Man and the Cost of Discipleship 10:17-31 Jesus Again Predicts His Suffering, Death, and Resurrection 10:32-34 Ambition and Servanthood: The Way of True Greatness 10:35-45 Jesus Heals Blind Bartimaeus 10:46-52 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 11:1-11 Withered Fig Tree and the Cleansing of the Temple 11:12-19 Faith, Prayer, and the Call to Forgiveness 11:20-26 Religious Leaders Question Jesus' Authority 11:27-33 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 12:1-12 Render to Caesar: Taxes and Allegiance 12:13-17 Sadducees Challenge Resurrection; Jesus Teaches Eternal Life 12:18-27 The Greatest Commandment: Love God and Neighbor 12:28-34 Jesus Questions the Messiah and Warns Against Scribes 12:35-40 The Widow's Offering: True Generosity 12:41-44 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of Destruction and the End 13:1-31 No One Knows the Day: Be Watchful 13:32-37 Plot to Kill Jesus and the Anointing at Bethany 14:1-11 The Passover Meal and Institution of the Lord's Supper 14:12-26 Jesus Predicts the Disciples' Flight and Peter's Denial 14:27-31 Gethsemane: Jesus' Agony and Prayer 14:32-42 The Arrest of Jesus in Gethsemane 14:43-52 Jesus Before the Council 14:53-65 Peter's Denial and His Remorse 14:66-72 Jesus Before Pilate; Barabbas Released 15:1-15 The Soldiers Mock and Scourge Jesus 15:16-20 The Way of the Cross and the Crucifixion 15:21-32 Jesus' Death and the Centurion's Confession 15:33-41 The Burial of Jesus 15:42-47 The Resurrection: Women Find the Empty Tomb 16:1-8 Appearances of the Risen Lord and the Commission 16:9-20

Luke

Purpose and Order of the Gospel 1:1-4 Announcement of John the Baptist's Birth 1:5-25 The Annunciation to Mary 1:26-38 Mary Visits Elizabeth 1:39-45 Mary's Song (The Magnificat) 1:46-56 The Birth and Naming of John 1:57-66 Zechariah's Prophecy and John's Mission 1:67-80 The Birth of Jesus in Bethlehem 2:1-7 Angels Announce the Shepherds' Good News 2:8-20 Presentation in the Temple; Simeon and Anna 2:21-40 The Boy Jesus in the Temple 2:41-52 John the Baptist's Call to Repentance 3:1-20 The Baptism and Genealogy of Jesus 3:21-38 Jesus Tested in the Wilderness 4:1-13 Rejection at Nazareth 4:14-30 Authority over Unclean Spirits in Capernaum 4:31-37 Healings and Preaching in Galilee 4:38-44 The Call of the First Disciples 5:1-11 Healing a Man with Leprosy 5:12-16 A Paralytic Forgiven and Healed 5:17-26 The Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 5:27-32 Questions about Fasting; New Wine and Old Wineskins 5:33-39 Lord of the Sabbath and a Sabbath Healing 6:1-11 The Appointment of the Twelve Apostles 6:12-16 The Sermon on the Plain: Blessings and Woes 6:17-26 Love Your Enemies and Be Merciful 6:27-36 Judging Others and the Speck and Log 6:37-42 A Tree and Its Fruit: True Character Revealed 6:43-45 The Wise and Foolish Builders 6:46-49 The Faith of the Centurion 7:1-10 Raising the Widow's Son at Nain 7:11-17 John the Baptist's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony 7:18-35 A Sinful Woman Forgiven 7:36-50 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 8:1-15 Lighted Lamp and Hearing the Word 8:16-18 Jesus Redefines His Family 8:19-21 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:22-25 Healing the Gerasene Demoniac 8:26-39 Jairus' Daughter Raised and a Woman Healed 8:40-56 The Twelve Sent Out 9:1-9 Feeding the Five Thousand 9:10-17 Peter's Confession and the Way of the Cross 9:18-27 The Transfiguration 9:28-36 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy; A Second Passion Prediction 9:37-45 Who Is Greatest and a Servant's Ministry 9:46-50 Jesus Resolves for Jerusalem; Samaritan Rejection 9:51-56 The Cost of Discipleship 9:57-62 The Seventy Sent Out and Their Return 10:1-24 The Good Samaritan 10:25-37 Mary and Martha: Choosing the Better Part 10:38-42 The Lord's Prayer and Persistent Prayer 11:1-13 Jesus, Beelzebul, and True Blessedness 11:14-28 Demand for a Sign; Jonah and the Queen of the South 11:29-32 The Light of the Body and Inner Purity 11:33-36 Woes to the Pharisees and Lawyers 11:37-54 Warnings against Hypocrisy and Confession before Men 12:1-12 The Parable of the Rich Fool 12:13-21 Do Not Worry; Seek God's Kingdom 12:22-34 Watchfulness and Faithful Stewardship 12:35-48 Division Caused by Christ 12:49-53 Interpreting the Times and Settling with Adversaries 12:54-59 Call to Repentance and the Barren Fig Tree 13:1-9 Healing on the Sabbath and Jesus' Rebuke 13:10-17 Parables of the Mustard Seed and Yeast 13:18-21 The Narrow Door and the Cost of Entry 13:22-30 Jesus Laments over Jerusalem 13:31-35 Healing at a Pharisee's House and Humility at the Table 14:1-14 Parable of the Great Banquet 14:15-24 The Cost of Following Jesus; Salt and Saltiness 14:25-35 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 15:1-7 The Parable of the Lost Coin 15:8-10 The Parable of the Prodigal Son 15:11-32 The Shrewd Manager and Teaching on Wealth 16:1-15 Law, the Kingdom, and Divorce 16:16-18 The Rich Man and Lazarus 16:19-31 Teachings on Temptation, Forgiveness, and Duty 17:1-10 Healing of the Ten Lepers 17:11-19 The Coming of the Kingdom and End-Time Sayings 17:20-37 Parable of the Persistent Widow 18:1-8 Parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector 18:9-14 Jesus Blesses Little Children 18:15-17 The Rich Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 18:18-30 Jesus Predicts His Death Again 18:31-34 Healing of Blind Bartimaeus 18:35-43 Zacchaeus: Salvation Comes to His House 19:1-10 Parable of the Ten Minas 19:11-27 Triumphal Entry and Lament over Jerusalem 19:28-44 Cleansing the Temple and Teaching 19:45-48 Jesus' Authority Challenged 20:1-8 Parable of the Wicked Tenants 20:9-19 Paying Taxes to Caesar 20:20-26 Question about the Resurrection 20:27-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees; Warnings against Hypocrisy 20:41-47 The Widow's Offering 21:1-4 The Destruction of the Temple and Signs of the End 21:5-38 The Plot to Kill Jesus and Judas' Agreement 22:1-6 The Last Supper and Predictions of Denial 22:7-38 Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane 22:39-46 Jesus Arrested 22:47-53 Peter's Denial Fulfilled 22:54-62 Jesus Mocked and Beaten 22:63-65 Jesus before the Council and Pilate; Sentencing 22:66-23:25 The Way of the Cross and the Penitent Thief 23:26-43 The Death of Jesus and the Centurion's Confession 23:44-49 The Burial of Jesus 23:50-56 The Empty Tomb and the Women's Report 24:1-12 The Road to Emmaus and Recognition of the Risen Lord 24:13-35 Jesus Appears to the Disciples and Explains Scripture 24:36-49 The Ascension and the Disciples' Worship 24:50-53

John

The Word Became Flesh 1:1-18 John the Baptist's Witness 1:19-28 Behold the Lamb of God 1:29-34 The First Disciples and Simon Peter 1:35-42 Calling of Philip and Nathanael 1:43-51 The Wedding at Cana: Water Made Wine 2:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Speaks of His Body 2:12-25 Nicodemus and the New Birth 3:1-21 John the Baptist Exalts Jesus 3:22-36 Jesus and the Samaritan Woman at the Well 4:1-26 The Harvest Is Ready 4:27-38 Samaritans Believe in Jesus 4:39-42 Healing of the Royal Official's Son 4:43-54 Jesus Heals at Bethesda 5:1-15 Jesus Claims Authority Over Life and Judgment 5:16-30 Witnesses to Jesus and Israel's Unbelief 5:31-47 Feeding the Five Thousand 6:1-15 Jesus Walks on the Sea 6:16-24 Jesus the Bread of Life 6:25-59 Many Turn Away; Peter's Confession 6:60-71 Jesus Stays Away from Judea 7:1-13 Jesus Teaches at the Festival 7:14-24 Growing Division Over Jesus 7:25-44 Temple Officers and the Adulterous Woman 7:45-8:11 Jesus the Light and His Claim 8:12-30 True Discipleship and Freedom 8:31-41 Jesus' Divine Origin and Opposition 8:42-47 Jesus' 'I Am' and Preexistence 8:48-59 Healing of a Man Born Blind 9:1-12 Controversy with the Pharisees over the Healing 9:13-34 Spiritual Sight and Blindness 9:35-41 The Good Shepherd and His Sheep 10:1-21 Feast of Dedication and Controversy over Jesus 10:22-42 Lazarus' Sickness and Jesus' Intention 11:1-16 Jesus Weeps at Lazarus' Tomb 11:17-37 Jesus Raises Lazarus from the Dead 11:38-44 Plot to Kill Jesus and Caiaphas' Counsel 11:45-57 Mary Anoints Jesus; Plot to Kill Lazarus 12:1-11 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 12:12-19 Greeks Seek Jesus; He Predicts His Death 12:20-36 Unbelief and Jesus' Final Appeal 12:37-50 Jesus Washes the Disciples' Feet 13:1-17 The Prediction of Judas' Betrayal 13:18-30 The New Commandment and Peter's Denial 13:31-38 Jesus Promises a Place in the Father's House 14:1-4 Jesus the Way to the Father 14:5-14 Promise of the Holy Spirit and Peace 14:15-31 The Vine and the Command to Love 15:1-17 The World's Hatred and the Cost of Discipleship 15:18-16:4 The Holy Spirit's Work 16:5-16 Sorrow Turned to Joy; Peace in Christ 16:17-33 The Son's Prayer for Glory 17:1-5 Prayer for the Disciples' Protection and Sanctification 17:6-19 Prayer for Unity Among Believers 17:20-26 Jesus Arrested in Gethsemane 18:1-11 Jesus Brought to Annas 18:12-14 Peter's First Denial 18:15-18 Jesus Questioned and Struck Before the High Priest 18:19-24 Peter Denies Jesus Three Times 18:25-27 Jesus Before Pilate 18:28-40 Jesus Scourged, Mocked, and Sentenced to Crucifixion 19:1-16 The Crucifixion and Jesus' Care for His Mother 19:17-27 Jesus' Death and the Fulfillment of Scripture 19:28-37 Jesus' Burial 19:38-42 The Empty Tomb Discovered 20:1-9 Mary Magdalene Meets the Risen Lord 20:10-18 Jesus Appears to His Disciples and Breathes the Spirit 20:19-23 Thomas Believes; Purpose of John's Gospel 20:24-31 The Miraculous Catch and Breakfast by the Sea 21:1-14 Peter Reinstated and the Beloved Disciple 21:15-25

Acts

The Ascension of Jesus 1:1-11 Prayer in the Upper Room and the Choosing of Matthias 1:12-26 Pentecost: The Coming of the Spirit 2:1-13 Peter's Sermon and Three Thousand Converted 2:14-41 The Early Christian Community 2:42-47 Healing at the Beautiful Gate 3:1-10 Peter's Address at Solomon's Colonnade 3:11-26 The Apostles Before the Sanhedrin 4:1-22 Believers Pray for Boldness 4:23-31 The Believers Share Possessions 4:32-37 Ananias and Sapphira 5:1-11 Signs Performed by the Apostles 5:12-16 Persecution of the Apostles and Their Witness 5:17-42 The Appointment of the Seven Deacons 6:1-7 Stephen's Wisdom and Opposition 6:8-15 Stephen's Speech before the Sanhedrin 7:1-53 The Stoning of Stephen and the Persecution of the Church 7:54-8:1 Saul's Persecution Scatters the Church 8:2-3 Philip Proclaims Christ in Samaria 8:4-8 Simon Magus and Peter's Rebuke 8:9-25 Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch 8:26-40 The Conversion of Saul 9:1-19 Saul's Early Ministry and Acceptance by the Church 9:20-31 Peter Heals Aeneas and Raises Tabitha 9:32-43 Cornelius' Vision and the Call for Peter 10:1-8 Peter's Vision and the Messengers from Cornelius 10:9-23 Peter at Cornelius' House: Gentiles Receive the Spirit 10:24-48 Peter Defends the Conversion of Gentiles 11:1-18 The Church in Antioch and Famine Relief 11:19-30 Herod Executes James; Peter Miraculously Freed 12:1-19 Herod's Death and the Church's Continued Growth 12:20-25 The First Missionary Sending 13:1-3 Ministry in Cyprus and Elymas's Blinding 13:4-12 Paul's Mission in Pisidian Antioch 13:13-52 Paul and Barnabas in Iconium 14:1-7 Healing in Lystra and Paul's Stoning 14:8-20 Paul and Barnabas Strengthen the Churches 14:21-28 The Jerusalem Council on Gentile Circumcision 15:1-21 The Council's Letter and Peace with Antioch 15:22-35 Paul and Barnabas Separate 15:36-41 Timothy Joins Paul and Churches Are Strengthened 16:1-5 The Call to Macedonia 16:6-10 Lydia's Conversion at Philippi 16:11-15 Paul and Silas Imprisoned and Released in Philippi 16:16-40 Preaching in Thessalonica and Opposition 17:1-9 Berea's Noble Reception and Paul's Departure 17:10-15 Paul's Address at the Areopagus 17:16-34 Paul's Ministry in Corinth and Conflict 18:1-17 Paul Departs; Apollos Instructed by Priscilla and Aquila 18:18-28 Paul's Ministry and the Ephesian Disciples 19:1-22 The Ephesian Riot over Artemis 19:23-41 Paul's Journeys Through Macedonia and Greece 20:1-6 Eutychus Raised in Troas 20:7-12 Paul's Farewell to the Ephesian Elders 20:13-38 Paul's Voyage to Jerusalem 21:1-16 Paul's Arrival in Jerusalem and the Temple Ritual 21:17-26 Paul Seized in the Temple 21:27-36 Paul's Defense: His Conversion and Mission 21:37-22:21 Paul's Arrest and the Council's Division 22:22-23:11 The Plot to Kill Paul and the Soldier's Intervention 23:12-22 Paul Escorted to Caesarea under Guard 23:23-35 Paul's Defense before Governor Felix 24:1-27 Paul Brought before Festus and the Jewish Charges 25:1-12 King Agrippa Learns of Paul's Case 25:13-22 Paul's Defense Before Agrippa 25:23-26:32 Paul's Voyage to Rome Begins 27:1-12 The Storm at Sea and God's Promise of Safety 27:13-26 Shipwreck and Deliverance on Malta 27:27-44 Paul on Malta: Healing and Hospitality 28:1-10 Voyage to Rome and Arrival 28:11-16 Paul in Rome: Preaching under House Arrest 28:17-31

Romans

Paul's Greeting and the Gospel's Power 1:1-17 God's Wrath Against Ungodliness 1:18-32 God's Impartial Judgment and Conscience 2:1-16 The Law, True Circumcision, and Jewish Identity 2:17-29 Israel's Advantage and God's Faithfulness 3:1-8 Universal Sinfulness and the Law's Condemnation 3:9-20 Righteousness Through Faith and Justification 3:21-31 Abraham: Justification by Faith 4:1-25 Peace with God and Reconciliation 5:1-11 Adam and Christ: Death, Grace, and Righteousness 5:12-21 Dead to Sin, Alive in Christ 6:1-14 Slavery to Sin or to Righteousness 6:15-23 Released from the Law to Serve in the Spirit 7:1-6 The Inner Conflict: Law, Sin, and the Flesh 7:7-25 Life in the Spirit: Freedom and Adoption 8:1-17 Future Glory and the Spirit's Intercession 8:18-27 Assurance of God's Love: Nothing Can Separate Us 8:28-39 Paul's Sorrow and God's Sovereign Election 9:1-29 Righteousness by Faith and Israel's Unbelief 9:30-10:21 A Remnant Preserved and Israel's Hardening 11:1-10 Gentiles Grafted In and a Warning Against Boasting 11:11-24 The Mystery of Israel's Salvation and God's Mercy 11:25-32 Doxology: Praise for God's Wisdom and Sovereignty 11:33-36 A Living Sacrifice and the Diversity of Gifts 12:1-8 Christian Conduct: Love, Humility, and Ethical Duties 12:9-21 Submission to Authorities and Civic Duty 13:1-7 Love Fulfills the Law; Walk in the Light 13:8-14 Christian Liberty, Conscience, and Mutual Acceptance 14:1-15:13 Paul's Service to the Gentiles and Missionary Ambition 15:14-22 Paul's Travel Plans and Prayer Requests 15:23-33 Personal Greetings, Final Warnings, and Doxology 16:1-27

Revelation

The Revelation Announced and the Blessing 1:1-3 Greeting and the Lord's Self‑Declaration 1:4-8 John's Vision of the Glorified Son of Man 1:9-20 Letter to Ephesus: Faithfulness and the Call to Repent 2:1-7 Letter to Smyrna: Persecution and the Crown of Life 2:8-11 Letter to Pergamum: Fidelity and False Teaching 2:12-17 Letter to Thyatira: Tolerance of Immorality and Promise to Overcomers 2:18-29 Letter to Sardis: Wakefulness and Repentance 3:1-6 Letter to Philadelphia: An Open Door and a Promise of Protection 3:7-13 Letter to Laodicea: Lukewarmness and the Call to Repent 3:14-22 The Throne in Heaven and Heavenly Worship 4:1-11 The Sealed Scroll and the Worthy Lamb 5:1-14 The Six Seals: Tribulation and Cosmic Disturbance 6:1-17 The Sealing of the 144,000 7:1-8 The Multitude Before the Throne: Salvation and Comfort 7:9-17 The Seventh Seal and the Prayers of the Saints 8:1-5 The Trumpet Judgments: Plagues and Woes 8:6-9:21 The Mighty Angel and the Little Scroll 10:1-11 The Two Witnesses: Prophecy, Death, and Resurrection 11:1-14 The Seventh Trumpet: God's Kingdom Proclaimed and the Temple Opened 11:15-19 The Cosmic Conflict: The Woman, the Dragon, and the Male Child 12:1-13:1 The Sea Beast: Blasphemy and Persecution 13:2-10 The Earth Beast and the Mark of the Beast 13:11-18 The Lamb on Mount Zion and the 144,000 14:1-5 The Three Angels' Messages and the Call to Endure 14:6-13 The Harvest of the Earth: Reaping God's Judgment 14:14-20 The Seven Last Plagues and the Victors' Song 15:1-8 The Bowl Judgments: The Seven Bowls of God's Wrath 16:1-21 The Fall of Babylon the Great and the Beast's Doom 17:1-18:24 Heavenly Praise and the Marriage of the Lamb 19:1-10 Christ's Triumphant Return and the Defeat of the Beast 19:11-21 Satan Bound and the Reign of the Saints 20:1-6 Satan's Final Rebellion and Defeat 20:7-10 The Great White Throne and the Final Judgment 20:11-15 The New Heaven and New Earth and the New Jerusalem 21:1-27 The River of Life and the Throne of God 22:1-6
1 Now faith is the assurance of things hoped for, the conviction of realities not seen.

Heb.11.1 - Details

Translation

Now faith is the assurance of things hoped for, the conviction of realities not seen.

Original Text

Εστιν δε πιστις ελπιζομενων υποστασις,πραγματων ελεγχος ου βλεπομενων·

Morphology

  • Εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
  • δε: CONJ
  • πιστις: NOUN,nom,sg,f
  • ελπιζομενων: PART,pres,mid/pass,gen,pl,neut
  • υποστασις: NOUN,nom,sg,f
  • πραγματων: NOUN,gen,pl,n
  • ελεγχος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • ου: PART,neg
  • βλεπομενων·: PART,pres,pass,gen,pl,neut

Parallels

  • Romans 8:24-25 (thematic): Connects hope and faith—Paul speaks of being saved in hope for what is not yet seen, echoing Hebrews' linking of faith with the assurance of hoped-for things.
  • 2 Corinthians 4:18 (verbal): Contrast between seen and unseen mirrors Hebrews' 'conviction of things not seen' and grounds faith's focus on eternal, unseen realities rather than transient, visible ones.
  • Hebrews 11:6 (structural): Immediate theological development in the same chapter: faith is presented as essential to pleasing God and as the means of seeking him, expanding the definition given in 11:1.
  • Genesis 15:6 (allusion): The exemplary Old Testament instance of belief (Abraham counted righteous) undergirds Hebrews' portrayal of faith as trust and assurance, and is later invoked in Hebrews 11's list of faith-heroes.
  • James 2:17 (thematic): James' assertion that faith without works is dead complements Hebrews 11's demonstration of faith as trust that manifests in actions—faith proven by deeds.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Now faith is the assurance of things hoped for, the conviction of realities not seen.
  • Now faith is the assurance of things hoped for, the conviction of realities not seen.
2 For by it the ancients received testimony.

Heb.11.2 - Details

Translation

For by it the ancients received testimony.

Original Text

εν ταυτη γαρ εμαρτυρηθησαν οι πρεσβυτεροι.

Morphology

  • εν: PREP
  • ταυτη: PRO,dat,sg,f
  • γαρ: PART
  • εμαρτυρηθησαν: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,pl
  • οι: ART,nom,pl,m
  • πρεσβυτεροι: NOUN,nom,pl,m

Parallels

  • Hebrews 11:39 (verbal): Repeats and expands the same claim—those listed in the chapter "obtained a good testimony" through faith; direct verbal and theological echo.
  • Hebrews 11:1 (structural): Immediate context/definition: faith is the assurance and conviction by which the elders received their commendation; 11:2 depends on 11:1's definition.
  • Genesis 15:6 (thematic): Abraham's faith is presented as the paradigm for patriarchal approval—God's reckoning of faith undergirds the honor given to the ancestors listed in Hebrews 11.
  • Romans 4:3, 22–24 (allusion): Paul cites Abraham's faith being "counted to him as righteousness," using the same patriarchal-faith motif that Hebrews employs to explain why the ancestors received commendation.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For by it the elders were commended.
  • For by it the ancients were commended.
3 By faith we understand that the universe was formed at God's command, so that what is seen came into being from things not visible.

Heb.11.3 - Details

Translation

By faith we understand that the universe was formed at God's command, so that what is seen came into being from things not visible.

Original Text

πιστει νοουμεν κατηρτισθαι τους αιωνας ρηματι θεου,εις το μη εκ φαινομενων το βλεπομενον γεγονεναι.

Morphology

  • πιστει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
  • νοουμεν: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,pl
  • κατηρτισθαι: VERB,aor,pass,inf
  • τους: ART,acc,pl,m
  • αιωνας: NOUN,acc,pl,m
  • ρηματι: NOUN,dat,sg,n
  • θεου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
  • εις: PREP
  • το: ART,acc,sg,n
  • μη: PART
  • εκ: PREP
  • φαινομενων: PART,pres,gen,pl,n
  • το: ART,acc,sg,n
  • βλεπομενον: PART,pres,nom,sg,n
  • γεγονεναι: VERB,perf,act,inf

Parallels

  • Genesis 1:1-3 (thematic): The creation account where God repeatedly brings the cosmos into being by speaking ('And God said...') provides the narrative background for Hebrews' claim that the ages were framed by God's word.
  • Psalm 33:6,9 (verbal): Explicitly states 'By the word of the LORD were the heavens made' and 'For he spake, and it was done,' language closely echoed by Hebrews' formula about the worlds being framed by God's word.
  • John 1:1-3 (verbal): Identifies the Word (Logos) as the agent of creation ('All things were made through him'), paralleling Hebrews' emphasis on creation through God's spoken word.
  • Colossians 1:16-17 (thematic): Affirms that 'all things were created' through Christ and that he sustains the created order, echoing Hebrews' focus on divine agency and ordering of the ages by God's word.
  • Romans 4:17 (allusion): Speaks of God 'who gives life to the dead and calls into existence the things that do not exist,' resonating with Hebrews' assertion that visible things were not made from visible things but from God's creative command.

Alternative generated candidates

  • By faith we understand that the universe was ordered by the word of God, so that what is seen did not come from what is visible.
  • By faith we understand that the universe was framed by the word of God, so that what is seen was made from things that are unseen.
4 By faith Abel offered to God a more acceptable sacrifice than Cain; through his faith he was commended as righteous, and though he is dead he still speaks.

Heb.11.4 - Details

Translation

By faith Abel offered to God a more acceptable sacrifice than Cain; through his faith he was commended as righteous, and though he is dead he still speaks.

Original Text

Πιστει πλειονα θυσιαν Αβελ παρα Καιν προσηνεγκεν τω θεω,δι᾽ης εμαρτυρηθη ειναι δικαιος,μαρτυρουντος επι τοις δωροις αυτου του θεου,και δι᾽αυτης αποθανων ετι λαλει.

Morphology

  • Πιστει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
  • πλειονα: ADJ,acc,pl,neut
  • θυσιαν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • Αβελ: NOUN,gen,sg,m
  • παρα: PREP
  • Καιν: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • προσηνεγκεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
  • τω: ART,dat,sg,m
  • θεω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
  • δι᾽ης: PRON,gen,sg,f
  • εμαρτυρηθη: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,sg
  • ειναι: VERB,pres,act,inf
  • δικαιος: ADJ,nom,sg,m
  • μαρτυρουντος: VERB,pres,act,part,gen,m,sg
  • επι: PREP
  • τοις: ART,dat,pl,n
  • δωροις: NOUN,dat,pl,n
  • αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
  • του: ART,gen,sg,n
  • θεου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
  • και: CONJ
  • δι᾽αυτης: PRON,gen,sg,f
  • αποθανων: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,m,sg
  • ετι: ADV
  • λαλει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg

Parallels

  • Genesis 4:3-5 (allusion): The narrative background: Cain and Abel bring offerings; God regards Abel's offering but not Cain's—Hebrews draws on this episode to interpret Abel's act as offered in faith.
  • Genesis 4:10 (verbal): God says Abel’s blood 'cries out' from the ground; Hebrews' phrase that Abel 'still speaks' echoes the idea of Abel’s testimony persisting after death.
  • Hebrews 12:24 (thematic): Speaks of 'the sprinkled blood that speaks a better word than the blood of Abel,' explicitly connecting Abel's witness with the superior, saving work of Christ—continuing the theological thread about voices that 'speak' from sacrifice.
  • 1 John 3:12 (thematic): Refers to Cain's hostile, murderous attitude toward Abel; provides a moral contrast to Hebrews' portrayal of Abel as righteous and faithful.
  • Hebrews 11:1 (structural): Defines faith as the chapter's organizing theme; Hebrews 11:4 presents Abel’s offering as the paradigm case of faith in action introduced by verse 1.

Alternative generated candidates

  • By faith Abel offered to God a more acceptable sacrifice than Cain; through this he received testimony that he was righteous, God bearing witness to his gifts; and by faith, though he is dead, he still speaks.
  • By faith Abel offered to God a more acceptable sacrifice than Cain; through his faith he was attested as righteous—God bearing witness by receiving his gifts—and though he is dead, he still speaks.
5 By faith Enoch was taken up so that he did not experience death; 'he was taken up' because he had pleased God.

Heb.11.5 - Details

Translation

By faith Enoch was taken up so that he did not experience death; 'he was taken up' because he had pleased God.

Original Text

Πιστει Ενωχ μετετεθη του μη ιδειν θανατον,και ουχ ηυρισκετο διοτι μετεθηκεν αυτον ο θεος·προ γαρ της μεταθεσεως μεμαρτυρηται ευαρεστηκεναι τω θεω,

Morphology

  • Πιστει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
  • Ενωχ: NOUN,gen,sg,m
  • μετετεθη: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,sg
  • του: ART,gen,sg,n
  • μη: PART
  • ιδειν: VERB,aor,act,inf
  • θανατον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
  • και: CONJ
  • ουχ: PART,neg
  • ηυρισκετο: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
  • διοτι: CONJ
  • μετεθηκεν: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,sg
  • αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
  • ο: ART,nom,sg,m
  • θεος·προ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • γαρ: PART
  • της: ART,gen,sg,f
  • μεταθεσεως: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • μεμαρτυρηται: VERB,perf,pass,ind,3,sg
  • ευαρεστηκεναι: VERB,perf,act,inf
  • τω: ART,dat,sg,m
  • θεω: NOUN,dat,sg,m

Parallels

  • Genesis 5:24 (quotation): Hebrews explicitly echoes Genesis (LXX) that 'Enoch was taken'/'he was not found,' citing Enoch's translation by God as the basis for his commendation.
  • Jude 1:14-15 (allusion): Jude cites an Enochic prophecy about coming judgment; Hebrews' reference to Enoch's testimony and pleasing God connects to the same Enoch tradition and his prophetic/eschatological significance.
  • 2 Kings 2:11 (thematic): Elijah's being 'taken up' into heaven without dying parallels the motif of translation/assumption into God's presence—another biblical instance of escape from death.
  • 1 Corinthians 15:51-52 (thematic): Paul's teaching that believers will be changed and 'not all sleep' (die) resonates with Hebrews' presentation of Enoch as someone who did not experience death, reflecting the hope of victory over death.

Alternative generated candidates

  • By faith Enoch was taken up so that he did not experience death; "He was not found," because God had translated him; for before his translation he had the testimony that he pleased God.
  • By faith Enoch was translated that he should not see death; and he was not found because God had taken him. For before his translation he had this testimony, that he pleased God.
6 And without faith it is impossible to please God; for whoever draws near to him must believe that he exists and that he rewards those who diligently seek him.

Heb.11.6 - Details

Translation

And without faith it is impossible to please God; for whoever draws near to him must believe that he exists and that he rewards those who diligently seek him.

Original Text

χωρις δε πιστεως αδυνατον ευαρεστησαι,πιστευσαι γαρ δει τον προσερχομενον τω θεω οτι εστιν και τοις εκζητουσιν αυτον μισθαποδοτης γινεται.

Morphology

  • χωρις: PREP,gen
  • δε: CONJ
  • πιστεως: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • αδυνατον: ADJ,nom,sg,n
  • ευαρεστησαι: VERB,aor,act,inf
  • πιστευσαι: VERB,aor,act,inf
  • γαρ: PART
  • δει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
  • τον: ART,acc,sg,m
  • προσερχομενον: PART,pres,mid/pass,acc,sg,m
  • τω: ART,dat,sg,m
  • θεω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
  • οτι: CONJ
  • εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
  • και: CONJ
  • τοις: ART,dat,pl,n
  • εκζητουσιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl
  • αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
  • μισθαποδοτης: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • γινεται: VERB,pres,mp,ind,3,sg

Parallels

  • Genesis 15:6 (verbal): The foundational OT statement 'Abram believed the LORD, and he credited it to him as righteousness' undergirds Hebrews' understanding of faith as the basis for relating to God and is cited elsewhere in Hebrews' faith chapter.
  • Romans 4:3 (quotation): Paul's quotation of Genesis 15:6 develops the doctrine that righteousness is reckoned through faith—echoing Hebrews' emphasis that coming to God requires believing.
  • Proverbs 8:17 (thematic): Proverbs' language 'those who seek me find me' parallels Hebrews' claim that God 'rewards those who diligently seek him,' linking seeking/receiving to relationship with God.
  • Matthew 7:7-8 (thematic): Jesus' promise that asking/seeking/knocking will be met (everyone who asks receives) resonates with Hebrews' assertion that God rewards those who seek him.
  • James 2:19-24 (thematic): James cites Genesis 15:6 and insists true faith is demonstrated in works; this provides a complementary (and at times debated) perspective to Hebrews' stress that faith is the prerequisite for coming to God and being approved.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And without faith it is impossible to please God, for whoever draws near to him must believe that he exists and that he rewards those who seek him.
  • And without faith it is impossible to please God. For whoever draws near to God must believe that He exists and that He rewards those who earnestly seek Him.
7 By faith Noah, warned by God about things not yet seen, in reverent fear built an ark for the salvation of his household; by this he condemned the world and became heir of the righteousness that comes by faith.

Heb.11.7 - Details

Translation

By faith Noah, warned by God about things not yet seen, in reverent fear built an ark for the salvation of his household; by this he condemned the world and became heir of the righteousness that comes by faith.

Original Text

πιστει χρηματισθεις Νωε περι των μηδεπω βλεπομενων ευλαβηθεις κατεσκευασεν κιβωτον εις σωτηριαν του οικου αυτου,δι᾽ης κατεκρινεν τον κοσμον,και της κατα πιστιν δικαιοσυνης εγενετο κληρονομος.

Morphology

  • πιστει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
  • χρηματισθεις: VERB,aor,pass,ptc,nom,m,sg
  • Νωε: NOUN,gen,sg,m
  • περι: PREP
  • των: ART,gen,pl,m
  • μηδεπω: ADV
  • βλεπομενων: VERB,pres,pass,ptc,gen,pl,neut
  • ευλαβηθεις: VERB,aor,pass,ptc,nom,m,sg
  • κατεσκευασεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
  • κιβωτον: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • εις: PREP
  • σωτηριαν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • του: ART,gen,sg,n
  • οικου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
  • αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
  • δι᾽ης: PRON,gen,sg,f
  • κατεκρινεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
  • τον: ART,acc,sg,m
  • κοσμον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
  • και: CONJ
  • της: ART,gen,sg,f
  • κατα: PREP
  • πιστιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • δικαιοσυνης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • εγενετο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg
  • κληρονομος: NOUN,nom,sg,m

Parallels

  • Genesis 6:13-22 (structural): The core narrative: God warns Noah about coming judgment and gives detailed instructions to build the ark—this is the historical event Hebrews cites as the basis for Noah's faith and obedience.
  • Genesis 7:1-5 (verbal): Describes Noah, his family entering the ark and being saved—parallels Hebrews' language about the ark as 'a means of salvation for his household.'
  • 2 Peter 2:5 (allusion): Peter refers to Noah as one preserved by God and linked to judgment on the ungodly, echoing Hebrews' portrayal of Noah condemning the world by his faithful obedience.
  • 1 Peter 3:20-21 (thematic): Speaks of eight souls saved through the ark/water and draws a typological connection to salvation—the passage develops the same theme of salvation by God's means amid judgment.
  • Matthew 24:37-39 (allusion): Jesus compares the coming judgment to the 'days of Noah'—the analogy emphasizes unexpected judgment and the necessity of readiness, resonating with Hebrews' emphasis on Noah's faithful warning and deliverance.

Alternative generated candidates

  • By faith Noah, warned by God about things not yet seen, moved with reverent fear prepared an ark to save his household; by which he condemned the world and became heir of the righteousness that comes by faith.
  • By faith Noah, warned by God concerning things not yet seen, reverently prepared an ark for the salvation of his household. By that faith he condemned the world and became heir of the righteousness which comes by faith.
8 By faith Abraham obeyed when he was called to go out to a place he was to receive as an inheritance; and he went out, not knowing where he was going.

Heb.11.8 - Details

Translation

By faith Abraham obeyed when he was called to go out to a place he was to receive as an inheritance; and he went out, not knowing where he was going.

Original Text

Πιστει καλουμενος Αβρααμ υπηκουσεν εξελθειν εις τοπον ον ημελλεν λαμβανειν εις κληρονομιαν,και εξηλθεν μη επισταμενος που ερχεται.

Morphology

  • Πιστει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
  • καλουμενος: PART,pres,mp,nom,sg,m
  • Αβρααμ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • υπηκουσεν: VERB,fut,act,ind,3,sg
  • εξελθειν: VERB,aor,act,inf
  • εις: PREP
  • τοπον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
  • ον: PART,pres,act,nom,sg,m
  • ημελλεν: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
  • λαμβανειν: VERB,pres,act,inf
  • εις: PREP
  • κληρονομιαν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • και: CONJ
  • εξηλθεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
  • μη: PART
  • επισταμενος: PART,pres,mid,nom,sg,m
  • που: ADV
  • ερχεται: VERB,pres,mid,ind,3,sg

Parallels

  • Genesis 12:1-4 (verbal): The original call of Abram to leave his country and go to a land God would show him—Hebrews echoes this commissioning and Abram’s obedient departure.
  • Genesis 12:7 (verbal): God’s promise to give the land to Abram’s offspring—parallels Hebrews’ language about receiving a place as an inheritance.
  • Acts 7:2-4 (quotation): Stephen’s retelling of Abram’s call and exodus from Mesopotamia/Haran—an early Christian summary of the same episode Hebrews presumes.
  • Romans 4:18-21 (thematic): Paul highlights Abraham’s faith in God’s promise despite impossible circumstances, paralleling Hebrews’ emphasis on obedience prompted by faith.
  • Galatians 3:7-9 (thematic): Paul draws out the covenantal result of Abraham’s faith—those of faith are heirs of the promise—connecting Abraham’s obedient departure to the inheritance promised by God.

Alternative generated candidates

  • By faith Abraham, when he was called, obeyed and went out to the place he was to receive as an inheritance, and he went out, not knowing where he was going.
  • By faith Abraham, when called, obeyed and went out to the place which he was to receive for an inheritance; and he went out, not knowing where he was going.
9 By faith he sojourned in the land of promise as in a foreign country, living in tents with Isaac and Jacob, heirs with him of the same promise.

Heb.11.9 - Details

Translation

By faith he sojourned in the land of promise as in a foreign country, living in tents with Isaac and Jacob, heirs with him of the same promise.

Original Text

πιστει παρωκησεν εις γην της επαγγελιας ως αλλοτριαν,εν σκηναις κατοικησας μετα Ισαακ και Ιακωβ των συγκληρονομων της επαγγελιας της αυτης·

Morphology

  • πιστει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
  • παρωκησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
  • εις: PREP
  • γην: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • της: ART,gen,sg,f
  • επαγγελιας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • ως: ADV
  • αλλοτριαν: ADJ,acc,sg,f
  • εν: PREP
  • σκηναις: NOUN,dat,pl,f
  • κατοικησας: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,sg,m
  • μετα: PREP
  • Ισαακ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • και: CONJ
  • Ιακωβ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • των: ART,gen,pl,m
  • συγκληρονομων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
  • της: ART,gen,sg,f
  • επαγγελιας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • της: ART,gen,sg,f
  • αυτης·: PRON,gen,sg,f

Parallels

  • Genesis 12:1-9 (structural): Abraham's call to go to Canaan and his life as a sojourner in the land parallels Hebrews' depiction of dwelling 'in a land of promise' as a foreigner.
  • Genesis 23:4 (verbal): Abraham's self-description to the Hittites — 'I am a stranger and a sojourner among you' — echoes the language of residing as an alien in the promised land.
  • Genesis 26:3-5 (thematic): God's reaffirmation of the promise to Isaac connects Isaac as a joint recipient/heir of the same promise mentioned in Hebrews 11:9.
  • Galatians 3:29 (verbal): Paul's statement that those in Christ are 'Abraham's offspring, heirs according to promise' parallels Hebrews' emphasis that Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob were heirs of the same promise.
  • Hebrews 11:13 (structural): The immediate context: Hebrews 11:13 speaks of the patriarchs as 'strangers and pilgrims' who sought a heavenly country, explicitly developing the theme introduced in 11:9.

Alternative generated candidates

  • By faith he lived as a stranger in the land of promise, dwelling in tents with Isaac and Jacob, heirs with him of the same promise.
  • By faith he lived as an alien in the land of promise, dwelling in tents with Isaac and Jacob, fellow heirs of the same promise.
10 For he looked forward to the city that has foundations, whose builder and maker is God.

Heb.11.10 - Details

Translation

For he looked forward to the city that has foundations, whose builder and maker is God.

Original Text

εξεδεχετο γαρ την τους θεμελιους εχουσαν πολιν,ης τεχνιτης και δημιουργος ο θεος.

Morphology

  • εξεδεχετο: VERB,impf,mid,ind,3,sg
  • γαρ: PART
  • την: ART,acc,sg,f
  • τους: ART,acc,pl,m
  • θεμελιους: ADJ,acc,pl,m
  • εχουσαν: VERB,pres,act,part,acc,sg,f
  • πολιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • ης: PRON,gen,sg,f
  • τεχνιτης: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • και: CONJ
  • δημιουργος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • ο: ART,nom,sg,m
  • θεος: NOUN,nom,sg,m

Parallels

  • 2 Corinthians 5:1 (verbal): Speaks of an eternal 'building from God, a house not made with hands'—language and idea closely parallel Hebrews' 'city with foundations' and God as its builder.
  • Revelation 21:2 (thematic): Describes the New Jerusalem coming down from heaven as a city prepared by God, echoing theeschatological hope for a divinely founded city in Hebrews 11:10.
  • Psalm 127:1 (verbal): States 'Unless the LORD builds the house, those who build it labor in vain,' connecting the motif of God as the true builder/founder of dwellings to Hebrews' emphasis on God as architect.
  • John 14:2 (thematic): Jesus' promise that he goes to prepare a place (dwelling) for his followers resonates with Hebrews' forward-looking hope for a heavenly city prepared by God.
  • Isaiah 66:1 (allusion): God's rhetorical claim about heaven as his throne and questioning human-built houses alludes to the theme of God as Creator/Architect and reframes human habitation in light of God's sovereign workmanship.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For he waited for the city which has foundations, whose builder and maker is God.
  • For he waited for the city which has foundations, whose builder and maker is God.
11 By faith even Sarah herself received power to conceive seed, and she bore a child when she was past the age, because she regarded him faithful who had promised.

Heb.11.11 - Details

Translation

By faith even Sarah herself received power to conceive seed, and she bore a child when she was past the age, because she regarded him faithful who had promised.

Original Text

πιστει και αυτη Σαρρα δυναμιν εις καταβολην σπερματος ελαβεν και παρα καιρον ηλικιας,επει πιστον ηγησατο τον επαγγειλαμενον·

Morphology

  • πιστει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
  • και: CONJ
  • αυτη: PRON,dat,sg,f
  • Σαρρα: NOUN,nom,sg,f
  • δυναμιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • εις: PREP
  • καταβολην: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • σπερματος: NOUN,gen,sg,n
  • ελαβεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
  • και: CONJ
  • παρα: PREP
  • καιρον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
  • ηλικιας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • επει: CONJ
  • πιστον: ADJ,acc,sg,m
  • ηγησατο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg
  • τον: ART,acc,sg,m
  • επαγγειλαμενον·: PART,pres,mid,acc,sg,m

Parallels

  • Genesis 18:11-14 (allusion): Narrative background: Sarah's laughter and the divine promise that she would bear a son in her old age; Hebrews alludes to this promise and its seeming impossibility overcome by God.
  • Genesis 21:1-2 (quotation): Fulfillment of the promise: Sarah conceives and bears Isaac—Hebrews 11:11 points to this realized outcome as the vindication of her faith.
  • Romans 4:19-21 (thematic): Paul's treatment of Abraham's faith in the promise (despite deadness of body) parallels Hebrews' emphasis on trusting God's promise against natural impossibility.
  • Luke 1:36-38 (thematic): Parallel motif of miraculous conception in old age and a faithful response to God's word (Elizabeth/Mary); reinforces the theme of God enabling childbearing when he promises it.
  • Galatians 4:22-31 (structural): Paul's allegory contrasts Hagar and Sarah as representing slavery and promise/free birth; Sarah's child as the child of promise echoes Hebrews' focus on the promise fulfilled through faith.

Alternative generated candidates

  • By faith Sarah herself received power to conceive seed, even when she was past age; because she judged him faithful who had promised.
  • By faith even Sarah herself received power to conceive past the age, because she judged Him faithful who had promised.
12 So from one—and him as good as dead—were born descendants as numerous as the stars of heaven and as the innumerable sand on the seashore.

Heb.11.12 - Details

Translation

So from one—and him as good as dead—were born descendants as numerous as the stars of heaven and as the innumerable sand on the seashore.

Original Text

διο και αφ᾽ενος εγεννηθησαν,και ταυτα νενεκρωμενου,καθως τα αστρα του ουρανου τω πληθει και ως η αμμος η παρα το χειλος της θαλασσης η αναριθμητος.

Morphology

  • διο: CONJ
  • και: CONJ
  • αφ᾽ενος: ADV
  • εγεννηθησαν: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,pl
  • και: CONJ
  • ταυτα: PRON,acc,pl,n
  • νενεκρωμενου: PART,perf,pass,gen,sg,m
  • καθως: CONJ
  • τα: ART,acc,pl,n
  • αστρα: NOUN,nom/acc,pl,neut
  • του: ART,gen,sg,n
  • ουρανου: NOUN,gen,sg,masc
  • τω: ART,dat,sg,m
  • πληθει: NOUN,dat,sg,neut
  • και: CONJ
  • ως: ADV
  • η: ART,nom,sg,f
  • αμμος: NOUN,nom,sg,f
  • η: ART,nom,sg,f
  • παρα: PREP
  • το: ART,acc,sg,n
  • χειλος: NOUN,acc,sg,neut
  • της: ART,gen,sg,f
  • θαλασσης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • η: ART,nom,sg,f
  • αναριθμητος: ADJ,nom,sg,f

Parallels

  • Genesis 15:5 (verbal): God tells Abram to look at the stars and promises his offspring will be as numerous—Hebrews echoes the stars-as-descendants imagery.
  • Genesis 22:17 (verbal): God's promise that Abraham's offspring will be like the stars of heaven and the sand on the seashore is the immediate antecedent of Hebrews' dual simile.
  • Genesis 17:5-6 (structural): The covenant promise that Abraham will be 'father of many nations' and receive numerous descendants underlies Hebrews' claim that from one (though effectively dead) came innumerable offspring.
  • Romans 4:18-22 (thematic): Paul's account of Abraham's faith in God's promise despite apparent impossibility (barrenness/old age) parallels Hebrews' emphasis on descendants arising from one nearly dead.
  • Galatians 3:16 (allusion): Paul's focus on the promise to 'seed' (singular, understood as Christ) interacts with Hebrews' point that from one source came the promised multitude, tying Abrahamic promise to Christ-centered fulfillment.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Therefore from one, and him as good as dead, were born descendants as numerous as the stars of heaven and as the innumerable grains of sand by the seashore.
  • Therefore from one man—and him as good as dead—were born descendants as numerous as the stars of heaven and as the sand which is by the seashore.
13 These all died in faith without having received the promises, but having seen them afar off and welcomed them, confessing that they were strangers and exiles on the earth.

Heb.11.13 - Details

Translation

These all died in faith without having received the promises, but having seen them afar off and welcomed them, confessing that they were strangers and exiles on the earth.

Original Text

Κατα πιστιν απεθανον ουτοι παντες,μη λαβοντες τας επαγγελιας,αλλα πορρωθεν αυτας ιδοντες και ασπασαμενοι,και ομολογησαντες οτι ξενοι και παρεπιδημοι εισιν επι της γης.

Morphology

  • Κατα: PREP
  • πιστιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • απεθανον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
  • ουτοι: PRO,nom,pl,m
  • παντες: ADJ,nom,pl,m
  • μη: PART
  • λαβοντες: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,pl,m
  • τας: ART,acc,pl,f
  • επαγγελιας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • αλλα: CONJ
  • πορρωθεν: ADV
  • αυτας: PRON,acc,pl,f
  • ιδοντες: VERB,aor,act,ptc,nom,pl,m
  • και: CONJ
  • ασπασαμενοι: VERB,aor,mid,ptcp,nom,pl,m
  • και: CONJ
  • ομολογησαντες: VERB,aor,act,ptcp,nom,pl,m
  • οτι: CONJ
  • ξενοι: ADJ,nom,pl,m
  • και: CONJ
  • παρεπιδημοι: ADJ,nom,pl,m
  • εισιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl
  • επι: PREP
  • της: ART,gen,sg,f
  • γης: NOUN,gen,sg,f

Parallels

  • Hebrews 11:8-10 (structural): Same chapter — Abraham and the patriarchs are depicted as acting by faith, living as strangers/sojourners and looking for the promised city they had not yet received.
  • Genesis 15:13-16 (thematic): God’s promise to Abraham that his descendants would be strangers in a foreign land and that the full realization of the promise would come later — parallels the idea of dying before receiving the promises.
  • Acts 7:2-5 (allusion): Stephen recounts Abraham’s call and notes he received no inheritance in the land, emphasizing Abraham’s status as a sojourner awaiting the promise — echoes Hebrews’ portrayal of patriarchs not receiving the promises.
  • 1 Peter 2:11 (verbal): Uses the same imagery of believers as 'sojourners and exiles/strangers,' reflecting the New Testament ethical application of the Hebrews theme of earthly pilgrimage.
  • 1 Chronicles 29:15 (verbal): King David’s language 'we are strangers before thee, and sojourners' resonates with Hebrews’ confession that the faithful acknowledge themselves as temporary residents on earth.

Alternative generated candidates

  • These all died in faith, not having received the promises, but having seen them and greeted them from afar, and confessed that they were strangers and pilgrims on the earth.
  • These all died in faith, not having received the promises, but having seen them from afar and having greeted them and confessed that they were strangers and pilgrims on the earth.
14 For those who say such things make it plain that they are seeking a homeland.

Heb.11.14 - Details

Translation

For those who say such things make it plain that they are seeking a homeland.

Original Text

οι γαρ τοιαυτα λεγοντες εμφανιζουσιν οτι πατριδα επιζητουσιν.

Morphology

  • οι: ART,nom,pl,m
  • γαρ: PART
  • τοιαυτα: ADJ,acc,pl,n
  • λεγοντες: VERB,pres,act,part,nom,pl,masc
  • εμφανιζουσιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl
  • οτι: CONJ
  • πατριδα: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • επιζητουσιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl

Parallels

  • Hebrews 11:10 (thematic): Speaks of the patriarchs looking forward to “a city with foundations” built by God—both verses portray the faithful as seeking a heavenly homeland.
  • Hebrews 11:16 (structural): Immediate parallel in the same argument: explicitly states they desire a better country, a heavenly one, which Hebrews 11:14 summarizes as seeking a homeland.
  • Hebrews 13:14 (verbal): Uses nearly the same idea in explicit terms: ‘we have no lasting city here, but we seek one to come,’ echoing the notion of seeking a homeland.
  • Philippians 3:20 (thematic): Declares Christian citizenship is in heaven—the New Testament theme of believers as citizens/seekers of a heavenly homeland.
  • 1 Peter 2:11 (verbal): Addresses believers as ‘sojourners and exiles,’ employing the language of temporary residence that echoes the idea of seeking a true homeland.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For those who say such things make it plain that they are seeking a homeland.
  • For those who say such things declare plainly that they seek a homeland.
15 If indeed they had been mindful of that country from which they went out, they would have had opportunity to return.

Heb.11.15 - Details

Translation

If indeed they had been mindful of that country from which they went out, they would have had opportunity to return.

Original Text

και ει μεν εκεινης μνημονευουσιν αφ᾽ης εξεβησαν,ειχον αν καιρον ανακαμψαι·

Morphology

  • και: CONJ
  • ει: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
  • μεν: PART
  • εκεινης: PRON,gen,sg,f
  • μνημονευουσιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl
  • αφ᾽ης: PREP+PRON,gen,sg,f
  • εξεβησαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
  • ειχον: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
  • αν: PART
  • καιρον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
  • ανακαμψαι·: VERB,aor,act,inf

Parallels

  • Genesis 12:1-4 (allusion): God's call to Abram to leave his country — the origin of the patriarchs' departure and the reason they did not intend to return to their former homeland.
  • Acts 7:2-4 (quotation): Stephen's retelling of God's call to Abram to leave Haran and go to the land God would show him, echoing the narrative background assumed in Hebrews 11:15.
  • Hebrews 11:13-16 (structural): Immediate context: explains that the saints were seeking a heavenly country and thus did not desire to return to their earthly homes.
  • Philippians 3:20 (thematic): Paul's declaration that Christians' citizenship is in heaven parallels the idea of looking forward to a different, ultimate homeland rather than returning to an earthly one.
  • Luke 9:62 (thematic): Jesus' saying that no one who looks back is fit for the kingdom of God resonates with the idea of not turning back to a former country once called toward a new destiny.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And if they had been mindful of that place from which they had come out, they would have had opportunity to return.
  • And if they had been mindful of the country from which they came, they would have had opportunity to return.
16 But as it is, they desire a better country—a heavenly one. Therefore God is not ashamed to be called their God; for he has prepared for them a city.

Heb.11.16 - Details

Translation

But as it is, they desire a better country—a heavenly one. Therefore God is not ashamed to be called their God; for he has prepared for them a city.

Original Text

νυν δε κρειττονος ορεγονται,τουτ᾽εστιν επουρανιου.διο ουκ επαισχυνεται αυτους ο θεος θεος επικαλεισθαι αυτων,ητοιμασεν γαρ αυτοις πολιν.

Morphology

  • νυν: ADV
  • δε: CONJ
  • κρειττονος: ADJ,gen,sg,m
  • ορεγονται: VERB,pres,mid,ind,3,pl
  • τουτ᾽εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
  • επουρανιου: ADJ,gen,sg,f
  • διο: CONJ
  • ουκ: PART,neg
  • επαισχυνεται: VERB,pres,mid/pass,ind,3,sg
  • αυτους: PRON,acc,pl,m
  • ο: ART,nom,sg,m
  • θεος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • θεος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • επικαλεισθαι: VERB,pres,mid,inf
  • αυτων: PRON,gen,pl,m
  • ητοιμασεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
  • γαρ: PART
  • αυτοις: PRO,dat,pl,3
  • πολιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f

Parallels

  • Hebrews 11:10 (structural): Same chapter earlier statement that the patriarchs sought ‘a city which hath foundations, whose builder and maker is God’ — directly parallels the claim that God has prepared a heavenly city for them.
  • John 14:2 (thematic): Jesus’ promise ‘I go to prepare a place for you’ echoes the idea of God preparing a heavenly dwelling or country for believers.
  • 2 Corinthians 5:1 (verbal): Paul speaks of having ‘a building of God, an house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens,’ using similar language of an eternal heavenly dwelling prepared by God.
  • Revelation 21:2-3 (thematic): The vision of the New Jerusalem coming down out of heaven and God dwelling with humanity parallels the picture of a divinely prepared city as the final homeland of the faithful.
  • Exodus 3:6 (allusion): God’s self‑identification as ‘the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob’ undergirds Hebrews’ claim that God is not ashamed to be called their God — linking the patriarchal covenantal relationship to the promise of a prepared city.

Alternative generated candidates

  • But now they desire a better country, that is, a heavenly one. Therefore God is not ashamed to be called their God, for he has prepared a city for them.
  • But now they desire a better, that is, a heavenly country. Therefore God is not ashamed to be called their God; for He has prepared for them a city.
17 By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac; he who had received the promises offered up his only son,

Heb.11.17 - Details

Translation

By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac; he who had received the promises offered up his only son,

Original Text

Πιστει προσενηνοχεν Αβρααμ τον Ισαακ πειραζομενος,και τον μονογενη προσεφερεν ο τας επαγγελιας αναδεξαμενος,

Morphology

  • Πιστει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
  • προσενηνοχεν: VERB,perf,act,ind,3,sg
  • Αβρααμ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • τον: ART,acc,sg,m
  • Ισαακ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • πειραζομενος: VERB,pres,mp,part,nom,m,sg
  • και: CONJ
  • τον: ART,acc,sg,m
  • μονογενη: ADJ,acc,sg,m
  • προσεφερεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
  • ο: ART,nom,sg,m
  • τας: ART,acc,pl,f
  • επαγγελιας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • αναδεξαμενος: PART,aor,mid,nom,sg,m

Parallels

  • Genesis 22:1-2 (quotation): The original narrative of Abraham being tested by God and commanded to offer his son Isaac—the primary source behind Hebrews’ summary.
  • Genesis 22:10-12 (quotation): The climax of the Akedah where Abraham binds Isaac and is stopped by the angel—parallels Hebrews’ emphasis on the test and God’s confirmation of Abraham.
  • James 2:21-23 (verbal): Explicitly cites Abraham’s offering of Isaac to argue that faith was demonstrated by works; uses the same episode and language about justification/acceptance.
  • Romans 4:18-21 (thematic): Paul’s account of Abraham’s faith in God’s promise despite impossibility (hope against hope) connects with Hebrews’ note that Abraham had ‘received the promises’ yet acted in faith.

Alternative generated candidates

  • By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac; he who had received the promises was ready to offer his only son,
  • By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac; he who had received the promises offered up his only-begotten son,
18 of whom it was said, 'Through Isaac shall your offspring be named.'

Heb.11.18 - Details

Translation

of whom it was said, 'Through Isaac shall your offspring be named.'

Original Text

προς ον ελαληθη οτι Εν Ισαακ κληθησεται σοι σπερμα,

Morphology

  • προς: PREP
  • ον: PART,pres,act,nom,sg,m
  • ελαληθη: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,sg
  • οτι: CONJ
  • Εν: PREP
  • Ισαακ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • κληθησεται: VERB,fut,pass,ind,3,sg
  • σοι: PRON,dat,sg,2
  • σπερμα: NOUN,acc,sg,n

Parallels

  • Genesis 21:12 (quotation): Direct source of the line 'In Isaac shall your seed be called' — the original promise to Abraham cited by Hebrews.
  • Genesis 17:19 (verbal): Earlier promise that Sarah will bear Isaac and that God's covenant/offspring will be established through him — background for the wording in Hebrews.
  • Romans 9:7 (quotation): Paul quotes the same Genesis promise ('In Isaac shall your offspring be called') to argue that true descent is by promise, not merely physical lineage.
  • Galatians 4:28 (thematic): Paul draws a typological parallel between Isaac (a 'child of promise') and believers, echoing Hebrews' use of Isaac as the child through whom the promised seed is called.

Alternative generated candidates

  • to whom it had been said, "Through Isaac shall your offspring be named."
  • being told, 'Through Isaac shall your seed be called.'
19 He considered that God was able even to raise him from the dead; and in a sense he did receive him back.

Heb.11.19 - Details

Translation

He considered that God was able even to raise him from the dead; and in a sense he did receive him back.

Original Text

λογισαμενος οτι και εκ νεκρων εγειρειν δυνατος ο θεος·οθεν αυτον και εν παραβολη εκομισατο.

Morphology

  • λογισαμενος: VERB,part,aor,mid,nom,sg,m
  • οτι: CONJ
  • και: CONJ
  • εκ: PREP
  • νεκρων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
  • εγειρειν: VERB,pres,act,inf
  • δυνατος: ADJ,nom,sg,m
  • ο: ART,nom,sg,m
  • θεος·οθεν: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
  • και: CONJ
  • εν: PREP
  • παραβολη: NOUN,dat,sg,f
  • εκομισατο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg

Parallels

  • Romans 4:17 (verbal): Uses the same idea/language of God as one who gives life to the dead and calls into being the non‑existent — parallels Hebrews’ claim that God is able to raise from the dead.
  • Romans 4:18-21 (thematic): Describes Abraham ‘hoping against hope’ and being fully convinced that God could accomplish what was promised — directly parallels the faith attributed to Abraham in Heb 11:19.
  • Genesis 22:5,8 (allusion): The narrative source for Hebrews’ claim: Abraham’s statements (“we will return,” “God will provide”) underlie the interpretation that he believed God could ‘raise’ or preserve Isaac.
  • Hebrews 11:17-18 (structural): Immediate context: the account of Abraham’s offering of Isaac and the explanation that his act was motivated by faith that God could raise him — Hebrews’ own exposition of the episode.
  • 1 Corinthians 15:20 (thematic): Affirms God’s resurrection power in Christ (Christ as firstfruits), providing the New Testament theological basis for confidence that God can and does raise the dead.

Alternative generated candidates

  • He considered that God was able even to raise him from the dead; and in a figure he received him back.
  • Accounting that God was able to raise him up, even from the dead, from which he also figuratively received him back.
20 By faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau concerning things to come.

Heb.11.20 - Details

Translation

By faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau concerning things to come.

Original Text

Πιστει και περι μελλοντων ευλογησεν Ισαακ τον Ιακωβ και τον Ησαυ.

Morphology

  • Πιστει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
  • και: CONJ
  • περι: PREP
  • μελλοντων: ADJ,gen,pl,n
  • ευλογησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
  • Ισαακ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • τον: ART,acc,sg,m
  • Ιακωβ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • και: CONJ
  • τον: ART,acc,sg,m
  • Ησαυ: NOUN,acc,sg,m

Parallels

  • Genesis 27:27-29 (allusion): The narrative account of Isaac's blessing of Jacob with prophetic language about future nations and dominion — the episode Hebrews summarizes as Isaac blessing 'concerning things to come.'
  • Genesis 27:39-40 (allusion): Isaac's blessing of Esau, which forecasts Esau's future hardship and relationship to his brother; complements Hebrews' reference to Isaac blessing both sons about the future.
  • Genesis 25:23 (thematic): Rebekah's prenatal oracle that 'two nations are in your womb' and the elder will serve the younger — the prophetic background for the distinct destinies Isaac formalizes in his blessings.
  • Romans 9:10-13 (thematic): Paul cites God's choice of Jacob over Esau ('Jacob I loved, Esau I hated') to discuss divine election prior to birth; thematically related to the distinct futures affirmed by Isaac's blessings.
  • Hebrews 11:21 (structural): Immediate parallel in the same faith-hall of Hebrews: 'By faith Jacob...' continues the motif of patriarchal blessings spoken in faith concerning the future, linking Isaac's action to Jacob's.

Alternative generated candidates

  • By faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau concerning things to come.
  • By faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau concerning things to come.
21 By faith Jacob, when dying, blessed each of the sons of Joseph and worshiped, leaning upon the top of his staff.

Heb.11.21 - Details

Translation

By faith Jacob, when dying, blessed each of the sons of Joseph and worshiped, leaning upon the top of his staff.

Original Text

πιστει Ιακωβ αποθνησκων εκαστον των υιων Ιωσηφ ευλογησεν,και προσεκυνησεν επι το ακρον της ραβδου αυτου.

Morphology

  • πιστει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
  • Ιακωβ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • αποθνησκων: PART,pres,act,nom,sg,m
  • εκαστον: ADJ,nom,sg,n
  • των: ART,gen,pl,m
  • υιων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
  • Ιωσηφ: NOUN,dat,sg,m
  • ευλογησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
  • και: CONJ
  • προσεκυνησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
  • επι: PREP
  • το: ART,acc,sg,n
  • ακρον: NOUN,acc,sg,nt
  • της: ART,gen,sg,f
  • ραβδου: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m

Parallels

  • Genesis 48:14-20 (verbal): The primary Old Testament narrative: Jacob (Israel) blesses Joseph’s two sons, places his hands on their heads (crossing them so the younger receives the greater blessing) — the direct source for Hebrews’ reference to Jacob blessing Joseph’s sons.
  • Genesis 47:29-31 (verbal): Describes Jacob near death, his charge to Joseph and Jacob’s bodily posture at the end of life (bowing/leaning on his bed/staff in some traditions), providing the background for Hebrews’ mention of Jacob’s dying act of blessing and his posture.
  • Genesis 49:1-33 (thematic): Jacob’s final, death‑bed blessings of all his sons form the broader cultural and literary context for Hebrews’ account; Hebrews focuses on one episode within this larger tradition of patriarchal blessings at death.
  • Hebrews 11:20 (structural): Immediate literary parallel within Hebrews’ faith catalogue: the preceding verse records that “by faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau concerning things to come,” framing a pattern of patriarchal blessings presented as acts of faith, of which verse 11:21 is a part.

Alternative generated candidates

  • By faith Jacob, as he was dying, blessed each of the sons of Joseph and worshiped, leaning upon the top of his staff.
  • By faith Jacob, when dying, blessed each of the sons of Joseph and worshiped, leaning upon the top of his staff.
22 By faith Joseph, at the end of his life, made mention of the exodus of the Israelites and gave directions concerning his bones.

Heb.11.22 - Details

Translation

By faith Joseph, at the end of his life, made mention of the exodus of the Israelites and gave directions concerning his bones.

Original Text

πιστει Ιωσηφ τελευτων περι της εξοδου των υιων Ισραηλ εμνημονευσεν,και περι των οστεων αυτου ενετειλατο.

Morphology

  • πιστει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
  • Ιωσηφ: NOUN,dat,sg,m
  • τελευτων: PART,pres,act,nom,sg,m
  • περι: PREP
  • της: ART,gen,sg,f
  • εξοδου: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • των: ART,gen,pl,m
  • υιων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
  • Ισραηλ: NOUN,voc,sg,m
  • εμνημονευσεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
  • και: CONJ
  • περι: PREP
  • των: ART,gen,pl,m
  • οστεων: NOUN,gen,pl,n
  • αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
  • ενετειλατο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg

Parallels

  • Genesis 50:24-25 (verbal): Joseph's own prophetic words about the future exodus of Israel and his instruction that his bones be carried out of Egypt — the explicit narrative source Heb. 11:22 alludes to.
  • Genesis 47:29-31 (allusion): Jacob's charge to Joseph (the oath under the thigh) to bury him in the land of Canaan anticipates the family concern for burial in the promised land that Heb. 11:22 echoes.
  • Exodus 13:19 (thematic): Moses takes the bones of Joseph with the Israelites when they leave Egypt, fulfilling Joseph's request and linking the faith-anticipation in Heb. 11:22 to the actual Exodus.
  • Joshua 24:32 (allusion): The account that the bones of Joseph were eventually buried at Shechem shows the fulfillment of the vow about his bones and connects to Heb. 11:22's emphasis on faith in future fulfillment.
  • Acts 7:14-15 (thematic): Stephen's retelling of the patriarchs' deaths and the carrying of their bodies to Shechem echoes the tradition about Joseph's bones and parallels the Heb. 11:22 motif of faith anticipating later deliverance and burial.

Alternative generated candidates

  • By faith Joseph, at the end of his life, made mention of the exodus of the children of Israel and gave commands concerning his bones.
  • By faith Joseph, when he was about to die, made mention of the exodus of the sons of Israel and gave instructions concerning his bones.
23 By faith Moses, when he was born, was hidden by his parents for three months because they saw he was a beautiful child, and they were not afraid of the king's edict.

Heb.11.23 - Details

Translation

By faith Moses, when he was born, was hidden by his parents for three months because they saw he was a beautiful child, and they were not afraid of the king's edict.

Original Text

Πιστει Μωυσης γεννηθεις εκρυβη τριμηνον υπο των πατερων αυτου,διοτι ειδον αστειον το παιδιον και ουκ εφοβηθησαν το διαταγμα του βασιλεως.

Morphology

  • Πιστει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
  • Μωυσης: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • γεννηθεις: PART,aor,pass,nom,sg,m
  • εκρυβη: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,sg
  • τριμηνον: ADJ,acc,sg,n
  • υπο: PREP
  • των: ART,gen,pl,m
  • πατερων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
  • αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
  • διοτι: CONJ
  • ειδον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
  • αστειον: ADJ,acc,sg,n
  • το: ART,acc,sg,n
  • παιδιον: NOUN,nom,sg,n
  • και: CONJ
  • ουκ: PART,neg
  • εφοβηθησαν: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,pl
  • το: ART,acc,sg,n
  • διαταγμα: NOUN,acc,sg,n
  • του: ART,gen,sg,n
  • βασιλεως: NOUN,gen,sg,m

Parallels

  • Exodus 2:2-3 (verbal): Direct narrative parallel — the birth of Moses and his parents hiding him for three months; Hebrews echoes the LXX wording and detail of concealment.
  • Exodus 1:22 (structural): Provides the background motive — Pharaoh's decree to throw Hebrew male infants into the Nile explains why Moses' parents risked hiding him; Hebrews alludes to this royal command.
  • Acts 7:20-22 (quotation): Stephen's retelling of Moses' early life repeats key elements (his being a beautiful child, hidden by his parents) and uses similar language, serving as an early Christian citation of the Exodus tradition.
  • Matthew 2:13-15 (thematic): The flight of Jesus to Egypt to escape Herod's slaughter of infants is a thematic parallel: infants threatened by a king's murderous decree and saved through covert protection and flight.

Alternative generated candidates

  • By faith Moses' parents hid him three months after his birth, because they saw he was a beautiful child and they were not afraid of the king's edict.
  • By faith Moses, when he was born, was hidden by his parents for three months, because they saw he was a beautiful child; and they were not afraid of the king's edict.
24 By faith Moses, when he was grown, refused to be called the son of Pharaoh's daughter,

Heb.11.24 - Details

Translation

By faith Moses, when he was grown, refused to be called the son of Pharaoh's daughter,

Original Text

πιστει Μωυσης μεγας γενομενος ηρνησατο λεγεσθαι υιος θυγατρος Φαραω,

Morphology

  • πιστει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
  • Μωυσης: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • μεγας: ADJ,nom,sg,m
  • γενομενος: VERB,aor,mid,ptc,nom,sg,m
  • ηρνησατο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg
  • λεγεσθαι: VERB,pres,pass,inf
  • υιος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • θυγατρος: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • Φαραω: NOUN,gen,sg,m

Parallels

  • Exodus 2:10 (verbal): Gives the original narrative: the child was brought to Pharaoh's daughter, who became his nurse and raised him as her son—background for Hebrews' remark that Moses was 'called the son of Pharaoh's daughter.'
  • Hebrews 11:27 (structural): Immediate parallel in the same chapter: continues the faith-theme of Moses' renunciation—he 'left Egypt' and 'not fearing the king's anger' demonstrates the same faith that refused the Egyptian honor.
  • Acts 7:20-22 (allusion): Stephen's retelling of Moses' early life (born, brought up in Pharaoh's house, educated in Egyptian wisdom) echoes the situation Hebrews summarizes when noting Moses' royal upbringing and subsequent choice.
  • Philippians 3:7-8 (thematic): Paul's valuation of former gains as loss for Christ parallels Moses' decision to abandon Egyptian status and honors for the sake of faith and God's purposes.

Alternative generated candidates

  • By faith Moses, when he had grown up, refused to be called the son of Pharaoh's daughter,
  • By faith Moses, when he had grown, refused to be called the son of Pharaoh's daughter,
25 choosing rather to share ill-treatment with God's people than to enjoy the fleeting pleasures of sin.

Heb.11.25 - Details

Translation

choosing rather to share ill-treatment with God's people than to enjoy the fleeting pleasures of sin.

Original Text

μαλλον ελομενος συγκακουχεισθαι τω λαω του θεου η προσκαιρον εχειν αμαρτιας απολαυσιν,

Morphology

  • μαλλον: ADV
  • ελομενος: PART,aor,mid,nom,sg,m
  • συγκακουχεισθαι: VERB,pres,mid,inf
  • τω: ART,dat,sg,m
  • λαω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
  • του: ART,gen,sg,n
  • θεου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
  • η: ART,nom,sg,f
  • προσκαιρον: ADV
  • εχειν: VERB,pres,act,inf
  • αμαρτιας: NOUN,acc,pl,f
  • απολαυσιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f

Parallels

  • Exodus 2:11-15 (structural): The narrative source behind Hebrews' example: Moses abandons Egyptian privileges and identifies with Israel rather than enjoying royal life (background for the choice described).
  • Acts 7:23-25 (quotation): Stephen's retelling of Moses' actions closely parallels Hebrews' citation—Moses chooses solidarity with his people and suffers rather than accept Egyptian advantages.

  • Philippians 3:8-10 (thematic): Paul considers all worldly gains as loss and values knowing Christ and sharing his sufferings over temporal advantages—echoing the priority of suffering with God's people over sinful pleasures.

  • Matthew 16:24-26 (thematic): Jesus' call to take up the cross and the warning that gaining the world at the cost of the soul contrasts temporal pleasures with the greater value of suffering/faithfulness to God, paralleling Hebrews' contrast.

  • 1 John 2:15-17 (thematic): An ethical/theological contrast between loving worldly, passing pleasures and doing the will of God—similar to Hebrews' rejection of fleeting sinful enjoyment in favor of suffering with God's people.

Alternative generated candidates

  • choosing rather to suffer affliction with the people of God than to enjoy the fleeting pleasures of sin.
  • choosing rather to share ill-treatment with the people of God than to enjoy the fleeting pleasures of sin.
26 He considered the reproach of the Messiah greater wealth than the treasures of Egypt, for he looked to the reward.

Heb.11.26 - Details

Translation

He considered the reproach of the Messiah greater wealth than the treasures of Egypt, for he looked to the reward.

Original Text

μειζονα πλουτον ηγησαμενος των Αιγυπτου θησαυρων τον ονειδισμον του Χριστου,απεβλεπεν γαρ εις την μισθαποδοσιαν.

Morphology

  • μειζονα: ADJ,acc,sg,m
  • πλουτον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
  • ηγησαμενος: VERB,aor,mid,part,nom,sg,m
  • των: ART,gen,pl,m
  • Αιγυπτου: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • θησαυρων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
  • τον: ART,acc,sg,m
  • ονειδισμον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
  • του: ART,gen,sg,n
  • Χριστου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
  • απεβλεπεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
  • γαρ: PART
  • εις: PREP
  • την: ART,acc,sg,f
  • μισθαποδοσιαν: NOUN,acc,sg,f

Parallels

  • Hebrews 11:24-25 (structural): Immediate context: Moses 'refused to be called the son of Pharaoh's daughter' and 'chose rather to be mistreated with the people of God' — directly parallels and explains the claim that he counted Christ's reproach greater than Egypt's treasures.
  • Exodus 2:11-15 (thematic): Narrative background of Moses' break with Egyptian status — his identification with Israel and rejection of Egyptian privilege provides the historical setting for valuing reproach over Egyptian wealth.
  • Acts 7:20-29 (thematic): Stephen's retelling of Moses' upbringing and actions emphasizes his Egyptian education and his siding with Israelites, echoing the theme of abandoning Egyptian honor for God's people.
  • Philippians 3:7-8 (verbal): Paul's language of counting former gains as loss 'for the sake of Christ' closely parallels the motif of valuing Christ (or his cause) above worldly wealth and status.
  • Romans 8:18 (thematic): Paul's contrast between present sufferings and future glory ('not worth comparing with the glory to be revealed') parallels Moses' forward-looking motive—enduring reproach because he looked to the coming reward.

Alternative generated candidates

  • He regarded the reproach of Christ as greater riches than the treasures of Egypt, for he looked to the reward.
  • He considered the reproach of Christ greater riches than the treasures of Egypt, for he looked to the reward.
27 By faith he left Egypt, not fearing the king's anger; for he persevered as seeing him who is unseen.

Heb.11.27 - Details

Translation

By faith he left Egypt, not fearing the king's anger; for he persevered as seeing him who is unseen.

Original Text

πιστει κατελιπεν Αιγυπτον,μη φοβηθεις τον θυμον του βασιλεως,τον γαρ αορατον ως ορων εκαρτερησεν.

Morphology

  • πιστει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
  • κατελιπεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
  • Αιγυπτον: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • μη: PART
  • φοβηθεις: VERB,aor,pass,part,nom,sg,m
  • τον: ART,acc,sg,m
  • θυμον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
  • του: ART,gen,sg,n
  • βασιλεως: NOUN,gen,sg,m
  • τον: ART,acc,sg,m
  • γαρ: PART
  • αορατον: ADJ,nom,sg,n
  • ως: ADV
  • ορων: VERB,pres,act,part,nom,sg,m
  • εκαρτερησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg

Parallels

  • Exodus 2:15 (structural): Narrative basis: Moses leaves Egypt after Pharaoh seeks his life—background event to Hebrews' claim that he 'left Egypt.'
  • Exodus 14:13-14 (thematic): When facing Pharaoh's pursuing army Moses tells the people 'Fear not' and trusts God's salvation—parallel to 'not fearing the wrath of the king.'
  • Exodus 33:11, 18-23 (allusion): Moses' unique encounter with God (face-to-face, yet God invisible/unknowable; shown God's back) echoes 'endured as seeing Him who is invisible.'
  • 2 Corinthians 4:18 (verbal): Paul's contrast of seen and unseen realities ('we look not at the things which are seen... but at the things which are not seen') echoes Hebrews' language of faith perceiving the invisible.
  • Hebrews 11:1 (verbal): Immediate contextual parallel: definition of faith as conviction in unseen realities provides the conceptual frame for Moses 'enduring as seeing the invisible.'

Alternative generated candidates

  • By faith he left Egypt, not fearing the wrath of the king; for he endured as seeing him who is invisible.
  • By faith he forsook Egypt, not fearing the wrath of the king; for he endured as seeing Him who is invisible.
28 By faith he kept the Passover and sprinkled the blood, so that the destroyer of the firstborn might not touch them.

Heb.11.28 - Details

Translation

By faith he kept the Passover and sprinkled the blood, so that the destroyer of the firstborn might not touch them.

Original Text

πιστει πεποιηκεν το πασχα και την προσχυσιν του αιματος,ινα μη ο ολοθρευων τα πρωτοτοκα θιγη αυτων.

Morphology

  • πιστει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
  • πεποιηκεν: VERB,perf,act,ind,3,sg
  • το: ART,acc,sg,n
  • πασχα: NOUN,nom,sg,n
  • και: CONJ
  • την: ART,acc,sg,f
  • προσχυσιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • του: ART,gen,sg,n
  • αιματος: NOUN,gen,sg,n
  • ινα: CONJ
  • μη: PART
  • ο: ART,nom,sg,m
  • ολοθρευων: VERB,pres,act,part,nom,sg,m
  • τα: ART,acc,pl,n
  • πρωτοτοκα: ADJ,acc,pl,n
  • θιγη: VERB,pres,act,subj,3,sg
  • αυτων: PRON,gen,pl,m

Parallels

  • Exodus 12:7 (verbal): Describes Israelites applying the Passover lamb’s blood to doorframes—directly parallels the ‘sprinkling of blood’ preserved by faith in Heb 11:28.
  • Exodus 12:13 (verbal): States that the blood on the houses will be a sign so the LORD will ‘pass over’ and not bring the destroying plague—echoes Heb 11:28’s reason for the blood.
  • Exodus 12:23 (verbal): Speaks of the LORD passing through Egypt and the destroyer not touching houses marked with blood—explicit background to Heb 11:28’s reference to the destroyer of the firstborn.
  • Hebrews 9:22 (thematic): Affirms the theological principle that without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness—connects the Passover blood’s protective/atoning function to the author’s broader argument.
  • 1 Corinthians 5:7 (thematic): Identifies Christ as ‘our Passover lamb,’ linking the Exodus Passover and its blood-sign to Christ’s sacrificial work, a New Testament fulfillment of the image used in Heb 11:28.

Alternative generated candidates

  • By faith they kept the Passover and the sprinkling of blood, that the destroyer of the firstborn might not touch them.
  • By faith he kept the Passover and the sprinkling of blood, so that the destroyer of the firstborn might not touch them.
29 By faith they passed through the Red Sea as though on dry land, whereas the Egyptians, attempting the same, were drowned.

Heb.11.29 - Details

Translation

By faith they passed through the Red Sea as though on dry land, whereas the Egyptians, attempting the same, were drowned.

Original Text

Πιστει διεβησαν την Ερυθραν Θαλασσαν ως δια ξηρας γης,ης πειραν λαβοντες οι Αιγυπτιοι κατεποθησαν.

Morphology

  • Πιστει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
  • διεβησαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
  • την: ART,acc,sg,f
  • Ερυθραν: ADJ,acc,sg,f
  • Θαλασσαν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • ως: ADV
  • δια: PREP
  • ξηρας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • γης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • ης: PRON,gen,sg,f
  • πειραν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • λαβοντες: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,pl,m
  • οι: ART,nom,pl,m
  • Αιγυπτιοι: NOUN,nom,pl,m
  • κατεποθησαν: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,pl

Parallels

  • Exodus 14:21-22 (verbal): The primary narrative source: Moses stretches out his hand, the waters divide, and Israel passes through the sea on dry ground—directly parallels Hebrews’ summary of the Red Sea crossing.
  • Exodus 14:23-28 (structural): Continuation of the Exodus account describing the Egyptian pursuit and their destruction when the waters returned, which Hebrews echoes in saying the Egyptians were swallowed up.
  • Psalm 106:9-12 (allusion): A liturgical reflection on the Exodus that recounts Israel’s passage through the sea and the overthrow of their enemies, used thematically like Hebrews to praise faithful deliverance.
  • Isaiah 63:11-12 (thematic): Prophetic retelling that recalls God’s leading of Israel through the sea and the deliverance from enemies—echoes the motif of divine guidance and salvation present in Hebrews 11:29.
  • Acts 7:36 (allusion): Stephen’s speech recounts Moses’ leadership and God’s wonders at the Red Sea, echoing the same event Hebrews cites as an act of faith and deliverance.

Alternative generated candidates

  • By faith they passed through the Red Sea as by dry land; when the Egyptians attempted it they were drowned.
  • By faith they passed through the Red Sea as by dry land, which the Egyptians attempting were swallowed up.
30 By faith the walls of Jericho fell after they had been encircled for seven days.

Heb.11.30 - Details

Translation

By faith the walls of Jericho fell after they had been encircled for seven days.

Original Text

πιστει τα τειχη Ιεριχω επεσαν κυκλωθεντα επι επτα ημερας.

Morphology

  • πιστει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
  • τα: ART,acc,pl,n
  • τειχη: NOUN,nom,pl,n
  • Ιεριχω: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • επεσαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
  • κυκλωθεντα: VERB,aor,pass,part,nom/acc,pl
  • επι: PREP
  • επτα: NUM,acc,pl,neut
  • ημερας: NOUN,acc,pl,f

Parallels

  • Joshua 6:20 (quotation): Direct OT account of the same event: on the seventh day the people shouted, the walls fell flat — Hebrews 11:30 summarizes/paraphrases this moment.
  • Joshua 6:15 (verbal): Specifies the ritual of circling the city for seven days and the special action on the seventh day; language and sequence echoed in Hebrews' brief statement.
  • Hebrews 11:29 (thematic): Another example in the same faith chapter: by faith the Israelites passed through the Red Sea — parallels the pattern of faith producing miraculous victory celebrated in Heb 11:30.
  • Joshua 6:22-25 (allusion): Narrative about Rahab being spared and living among Israel after Jericho's fall; Hebrews links Rahab's faith with the Jericho episode (cf. Heb 11:31).

Alternative generated candidates

  • By faith the walls of Jericho fell after they had been encircled for seven days.
  • By faith the walls of Jericho fell down after they had been encircled for seven days.
31 By faith Rahab the prostitute did not perish with those who were disobedient, because she received the spies in peace.

Heb.11.31 - Details

Translation

By faith Rahab the prostitute did not perish with those who were disobedient, because she received the spies in peace.

Original Text

πιστει Ρααβ η πορνη ου συναπωλετο τοις απειθησασιν,δεξαμενη τους κατασκοπους μετ᾽ειρηνης.

Morphology

  • πιστει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
  • Ρααβ: NOUN,nom,sg,f
  • η: ART,nom,sg,f
  • πορνη: NOUN,nom,sg,f
  • ου: PART,neg
  • συναπωλετο: VERB,impf,mid,ind,3,sg
  • τοις: ART,dat,pl,n
  • απειθησασιν: PART,aor,act,dat,pl,mf
  • δεξαμενη: PTCP,aor,mid,nom,sg,f
  • τους: ART,acc,pl,m
  • κατασκοπους: NOUN,acc,pl,m
  • μετ᾽ειρηνης: PREP

Parallels

  • Joshua 2:1-14 (quotation): The primary narrative source: Rahab hides the Israelite spies, shelters them, and speaks of delivering them in peace—Hebrews alludes to this incident.
  • Joshua 6:22-25 (structural): Reports the outcome: Rahab and her household are spared when Jericho is destroyed, paralleling Hebrews' claim that she did not perish with the disobedient.
  • James 2:25 (verbal): Uses the same example of Rahab to argue that faith is demonstrated by works—'received the messengers'—closely echoing Hebrews' emphasis on faith in her actions.
  • Matthew 1:5 (allusion): Rahab is included in Jesus' genealogy, an allusive parallel showing her accepted status in Israel despite her past, resonating with Hebrews' commendation of her faith.

Alternative generated candidates

  • By faith Rahab the harlot did not perish with those who disobeyed, having received the spies with peace.
  • By faith Rahab the harlot did not perish with those who disobeyed, because she had received the spies with peace.
32 And what more shall I say? For time would fail me to tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, of David and Samuel and the prophets—

Heb.11.32 - Details

Translation

And what more shall I say? For time would fail me to tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, of David and Samuel and the prophets—

Original Text

Και τι ετι λεγω;επιλειψει με γαρ διηγουμενον ο χρονος περι Γεδεων,Βαρακ,Σαμψων,Ιεφθαε,Δαυιδ τε και Σαμουηλ και των προφητων,

Morphology

  • Και: CONJ
  • τι: PRON,int,nom,sg,n
  • ετι: ADV
  • λεγω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
  • επιλειψει: VERB,fut,act,ind,3,sg
  • με: PRON,acc,sg,1
  • γαρ: PART
  • διηγουμενον: VERB,pres,mid,ptcp,nom,sg,neut
  • ο: ART,nom,sg,m
  • χρονος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • περι: PREP
  • Γεδεων: NOUN,gen,sg,m
  • Βαρακ: NOUN,gen,sg,m
  • Σαμψων: NOUN,gen,sg,m
  • Ιεφθαε: NOUN,gen,sg,m
  • Δαυιδ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • τε: CONJ
  • και: CONJ
  • Σαμουηλ: NOUN,gen,sg,m
  • και: CONJ
  • των: ART,gen,pl,m
  • προφητων: NOUN,gen,pl,m

Parallels

  • Judges 6–8 (allusion): Gideon is named in Hebrews 11:32; these chapters recount his call, trust in God, and victory over Midian—an Old Testament exemplar of faith referenced by Hebrews.
  • Judges 4–5 (allusion): The story of Barak (with Deborah) is told here; Hebrews alludes to Barak as one of the heroes whose actions exemplify faith and reliance on God.
  • Judges 13–16 (allusion): The Samson narratives provide the background for Hebrews’ mention of Samson—his deeds and flawed life are presented in Judges as examples of mighty acts accomplished by God-empowered individuals.
  • Judges 11 (allusion): Jephthah’s story (his leadership and tragic vow) is the Old Testament source for the Hebraic name Iephta(e) in Hebrews 11:32, linking faith’s complex outcomes to the hall of faith.
  • 1 Samuel 1–17 (allusion): These passages include Samuel’s prophetic and judicial role and David’s rise (notably 1 Samuel 17, David and Goliath). Hebrews 11:32’s mention of David and Samuel points back to these narratives as illustrations of faith.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And what more shall I say? For time would fail me to tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, of David and Samuel and the prophets—
  • And what more shall I say? For time would fail me to tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, David, Samuel and the prophets—
33 who through faith conquered kingdoms, worked justice, obtained promises, shut the mouths of lions,

Heb.11.33 - Details

Translation

who through faith conquered kingdoms, worked justice, obtained promises, shut the mouths of lions,

Original Text

οι δια πιστεως κατηγωνισαντο βασιλειας,ειργασαντο δικαιοσυνην,επετυχον επαγγελιων,εφραξαν στοματα λεοντων,

Morphology

  • οι: ART,nom,pl,m
  • δια: PREP
  • πιστεως: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • κατηγωνισαντο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,pl
  • βασιλειας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • ειργασαντο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,pl
  • δικαιοσυνην: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • επετυχον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
  • επαγγελιων: NOUN,gen,pl,f
  • εφραξαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
  • στοματα: NOUN,acc,pl,n
  • λεοντων: NOUN,gen,pl,m

Parallels

  • Daniel 6:22 (allusion): Daniel's deliverance: God 'shut the lions' mouths,' a close verbal and narrative parallel to Hebrews' claim that by faith some 'shut the mouths of lions.'
  • Genesis 15:6 (verbal): Abraham credited with righteousness because of faith; connects to Hebrews' summary that by faith some 'worked righteousness' and 'obtained promises.'
  • 1 Samuel 17:34-37 (thematic): David's account of facing and rescuing sheep from a lion and a bear (and later defeating Goliath) echoes the imagery of overcoming deadly threats and 'shutting the mouths of lions' by faith/ reliance on God.
  • Romans 4:20-22 (thematic): Paul's reflection on Abraham's unwavering faith that God could fulfill his promise parallels Hebrews' note that by faith some 'obtained promises' and trusted God's power to act.

Alternative generated candidates

  • who through faith subdued kingdoms, executed justice, obtained promises, shut the mouths of lions,
  • who through faith subdued kingdoms, worked righteousness, obtained promises, shut the mouths of lions,
34 quenched the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, were made strong out of weakness, became mighty in battle, and routed foreign armies.

Heb.11.34 - Details

Translation

quenched the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, were made strong out of weakness, became mighty in battle, and routed foreign armies.

Original Text

εσβεσαν δυναμιν πυρος,εφυγον στοματα μαχαιρης,εδυναμωθησαν απο ασθενειας,εγενηθησαν ισχυροι εν πολεμω,παρεμβολας εκλιναν αλλοτριων·

Morphology

  • εσβεσαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
  • δυναμιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • πυρος: NOUN,gen,sg,n
  • εφυγον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
  • στοματα: NOUN,acc,pl,n
  • μαχαιρης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • εδυναμωθησαν: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,pl
  • απο: PREP
  • ασθενειας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • εγενηθησαν: VERB,aor,mp,ind,3,pl
  • ισχυροι: ADJ,nom,pl,m
  • εν: PREP
  • πολεμω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
  • παρεμβολας: NOUN,acc,pl,f
  • εκλιναν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
  • αλλοτριων·: ADJ,gen,pl,m

Parallels

  • Daniel 3:24-25 (allusion): The deliverance from the fiery furnace (the men unbound and walking in the fire) parallels 'quenched the power of fire'—an example of rescue from flames by faith.
  • Exodus 14:27-28 (thematic): God's overthrow of Pharaoh's chariots and host at the Red Sea illustrates deliverance from the enemy's sword and turning hostile forces to ruin, matching the themes of escape and routed armies.
  • Judges 7:20-22 (thematic): Gideon's night attack and the Lord causing Israel's enemies to turn on one another and flee corresponds to 'became valiant in fight' and 'turned to flight the armies of the aliens.'
  • Psalm 18:34-40 (verbal): Language about God making the psalmist's hands fit for war, giving victory and putting foes to flight echoes 'from weakness were made strong' and triumph in battle.
  • Psalm 91:5-7 (thematic): Promises of protection from terror, the arrow and the pestilence—'a thousand may fall at your side'—resonate with the motifs of escaping the sword and being preserved from deadly threats.

Alternative generated candidates

  • quenched the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, from weakness were made strong, became mighty in war, and put foreign armies to flight.
  • quenched the violence of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, were made strong out of weakness, became mighty in battle, and put foreign armies to flight.
35 Women received back their dead by resurrection; others were tortured, refusing release, that they might obtain a better resurrection.

Heb.11.35 - Details

Translation

Women received back their dead by resurrection; others were tortured, refusing release, that they might obtain a better resurrection.

Original Text

ελαβον γυναικες εξ αναστασεως τους νεκρους αυτων·αλλοι δε ετυμπανισθησαν,ου προσδεξαμενοι την απολυτρωσιν,ινα κρειττονος αναστασεως τυχωσιν·

Morphology

  • ελαβον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
  • γυναικες: NOUN,nom,pl,f
  • εξ: PREP
  • αναστασεως: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • τους: ART,acc,pl,m
  • νεκρους: NOUN,acc,pl,m
  • αυτων·αλλοι: PRON,gen,pl,3|ADJ,nom,pl,m
  • δε: CONJ
  • ετυμπανισθησαν: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,pl
  • ου: PART,neg
  • προσδεξαμενοι: PART,aor,mid,nom,pl,m
  • την: ART,acc,sg,f
  • απολυτρωσιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • ινα: CONJ
  • κρειττονος: ADJ,gen,sg,m
  • αναστασεως: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • τυχωσιν·: VERB,pres,act,subj,3,pl

Parallels

  • 1 Kings 17:17-24 (verbal): Elijah raises the widow of Zarephath's son — a prophetic act of restoring a woman's dead child, paralleling 'women received back their dead' by God's power.
  • 2 Kings 4:32-37 (verbal): Elisha raises the Shunammite's son — another instance of a woman receiving her dead through divine resurrection-like restoration, echoing Hebrews' example.
  • Luke 7:11-17 (verbal): Jesus raises the widow's son at Nain — an explicit New Testament case of a woman receiving back her dead, closely paralleling the motif in Hebrews 11:35.
  • 2 Maccabees 7:1-42 (thematic): The mother and her sons endure torture and death rather than renounce their faith, explicitly invoking hope in resurrection — closely matching Hebrews' note about refusing deliverance to obtain a 'better resurrection.'
  • Revelation 20:4-6 (thematic): The 'first resurrection' of martyrs who reign with Christ resonates with Hebrews' notion of a superior or 'better' resurrection sought by those who endured suffering rather than accept rescue.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Women received back their dead by resurrection; others were tortured, refusing to accept deliverance, that they might obtain a better resurrection.
  • Women received back their dead by resurrection; and others were tortured, not accepting deliverance, that they might obtain a better resurrection.
36 Others suffered mocking and scourging, and even chains and imprisonment.

Heb.11.36 - Details

Translation

Others suffered mocking and scourging, and even chains and imprisonment.

Original Text

ετεροι δε εμπαιγμων και μαστιγων πειραν ελαβον,ετι δε δεσμων και φυλακης·

Morphology

  • ετεροι: ADJ,nom,pl,m
  • δε: CONJ
  • εμπαιγμων: ADJ,nom,pl,m
  • και: CONJ
  • μαστιγων: NOUN,gen,pl,f
  • πειραν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
  • ελαβον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
  • ετι: ADV
  • δε: CONJ
  • δεσμων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
  • και: CONJ
  • φυλακης·: NOUN,gen,sg,f

Parallels

  • 2 Corinthians 11:23-27 (verbal): Paul catalogues similar sufferings—beatings, imprisonments, floggings, dangers and persecutions—echoing the concrete hardships named in Heb.11:36.
  • Acts 16:23-24 (verbal): Paul and Silas are stripped, severely beaten, and thrown into prison—direct narrative parallels to being scourged and imprisoned.
  • Acts 5:40-41 (verbal): The apostles are flogged and ordered not to speak in Jesus’ name; the account parallels mocking/flogging and highlights the faithful response to persecution.
  • 1 Corinthians 4:9-13 (thematic): Paul portrays the apostles as publicly exposed, reviled, beaten, and treated as the world’s scum—thematically matching the humiliation and suffering in Hebrews’ roll call.
  • 1 Peter 4:12-14 (thematic): Peter exhorts believers not to be surprised by trials but to rejoice in sharing Christ’s sufferings—a theological parallel linking persecution in Hebrews 11 to redemptive suffering.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Some were mocked and scourged, yes, and imprisoned; others were stoned, sawn in two, tempted, and slain by the sword; they wandered about in sheepskins and goatskins, being destitute, afflicted, and ill-treated—
  • And others experienced mockings and scourgings, yea, moreover, chains and imprisonment.
37 They were stoned, they were sawn in two, they were tempted, they were slain with the sword; they went about in skins of sheep and goats, destitute, afflicted, ill-treated—

Heb.11.37 - Details

Translation

They were stoned, they were sawn in two, they were tempted, they were slain with the sword; they went about in skins of sheep and goats, destitute, afflicted, ill-treated—

Original Text

ελιθασθησαν,επρισθησαν,εν φονω μαχαιρης απεθανον,περιηλθον εν μηλωταις,εν αιγειοις δερμασιν,υστερουμενοι,θλιβομενοι,κακουχουμενοι,

Morphology

  • ελιθασθησαν: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,pl
  • επρισθησαν: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,pl
  • εν: PREP
  • φονω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
  • μαχαιρης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • απεθανον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
  • περιηλθον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
  • εν: PREP
  • μηλωταις: NOUN,dat,pl,f
  • εν: PREP
  • αιγειοις: ADJ,dat,pl,n
  • δερμασιν: NOUN,dat,pl,n
  • υστερουμενοι: VERB,pres,pass,part,nom,pl,m
  • θλιβομενοι: VERB,pres,pass,part,nom,pl,m
  • κακουχουμενοι: VERB,pres,pass,part,nom,pl,m

Parallels

  • 2 Corinthians 11:23-27 (verbal): Paul lists multiple sufferings (beaten, stoned, in perils, hungry, cold, naked) that closely mirror Hebrews’ catalogue of stoning, sword, destitution, affliction, and wandering in skins.
  • Acts 7:54-60 (verbal): The martyrdom of Stephen by stoning exemplifies the specific persecution (‘they were stoned’) cited in Hebrews 11:37.
  • Matthew 5:10-12 (thematic): The Beatitude promises blessing for those persecuted for righteousness’ sake, echoing Hebrews’ emphasis on faithful sufferers who endure reproach and hardship.
  • Psalm 44:22-23 (thematic): Speaks of being killed all day and counted as sheep for the slaughter—paralleling the motifs of death, disgrace, and continual suffering found in Hebrews 11:37.
  • 1 Peter 4:12-16 (thematic): Encourages rejoicing in trials and not being ashamed of suffering for Christ (’if anyone suffers as a Christian…’), resonating with Hebrews’ portrait of faithful endurance under persecution.

Alternative generated candidates

  • (of whom the world was not worthy)—wandering in deserts and mountains, and in dens and caves of the earth.
  • They were stoned, they were sawn in two, they were tempted, they were slain with the sword; they went about in sheepskins and goatskins, destitute, afflicted, tormented—
38 of whom the world was not worthy—wandering in deserts and mountains, hiding in caves and in holes of the ground.

Heb.11.38 - Details

Translation

of whom the world was not worthy—wandering in deserts and mountains, hiding in caves and in holes of the ground.

Original Text

ων ουκ ην αξιος ο κοσμος επι ερημιαις πλανωμενοι και ορεσι και σπηλαιοις και ταις οπαις της γης·

Morphology

  • ων: PRON,gen,pl,m
  • ουκ: PART,neg
  • ην: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
  • αξιος: ADJ,nom,sg,m
  • ο: ART,nom,sg,m
  • κοσμος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
  • επι: PREP
  • ερημιαις: NOUN,dat,pl,f
  • πλανωμενοι: VERB,pres,pass,part,nom,pl,m
  • και: CONJ
  • ορεσι: NOUN,dat,pl,n
  • και: CONJ
  • σπηλαιοις: NOUN,dat,pl,n
  • και: CONJ
  • ταις: ART,dat,pl,f
  • οπαις: NOUN,dat,pl,f
  • της: ART,gen,sg,f
  • γης·: NOUN,gen,sg,f

Parallels

  • Hebrews 11:37 (structural): Immediate context — the preceding verse lists the persecutions endured by the saints (stoned, sawn, tempted, killed, destitute, afflicted), of which v.38 ('the world was not worthy' and wandering in deserts, mountains, caves, holes) is the climactic summary.
  • 1 Kings 19:9-10 (thematic): Elijah flees to the wilderness and sits in a cave at Horeb; an example of a prophet living as an outcast in desert and cave settings, echoing Hebrews' imagery of wandering and hiding.
  • 1 Samuel 22:1 (thematic): David withdraws to the cave of Adullam and lives as a fugitive in wilderness and strongholds — a concrete Old Testament instance of righteous figures 'wandering' and sheltering in caves and rocky places.
  • Psalm 142:1 (verbal): Superscription and content link David's prayer to his time 'in the cave' (the psalm is explicitly titled 'when he was in the cave'), resonating with Hebrews' explicit mention of caves and holes as places where the faithful lived while rejected by the world.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And all these, having obtained a good testimony through faith, did not receive the promise,
  • of whom the world was not worthy—wandering in deserts and mountains, in caves and holes of the earth.
39 And all these, though commended through their faith, did not receive what was promised,

Heb.11.39 - Details

Translation

And all these, though commended through their faith, did not receive what was promised,

Original Text

και παντες μαρτυρηθεντες δια της πιστεως ουκ εκομισαντο την επαγγελιαν,

Morphology

  • και: CONJ
  • παντες: ADJ,nom,pl,m
  • μαρτυρηθεντες: VERB,aor,pass,ptcp,nom,pl,m
  • δια: PREP
  • της: ART,gen,sg,f
  • πιστεως: NOUN,gen,sg,f
  • ουκ: PART,neg
  • εκομισαντο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,pl
  • την: ART,acc,sg,f
  • επαγγελιαν: NOUN,acc,sg,f

Parallels

  • Hebrews 11:13 (verbal): Same context in chapter 11: the saints are described as having died 'in faith' without having 'received the promises'—direct verbal and thematic echo of not receiving the promise.
  • Hebrews 11:40 (structural): Follows 11:39 and explains why they did not receive the promise now—God has provided something better so that the faithful and later heirs might be perfected together.
  • Romans 4:13 (thematic): Speaks of the promise given to Abraham and his offspring as linked to faith rather than law—connects the idea of divine promises being reckoned on the basis of faith.
  • Hebrews 6:12–15 (thematic): Uses Abraham as an example of patient faith who 'obtained the promise' after waiting—illustrates how recipients of God's promises may receive them later.
  • Romans 8:24–25 (thematic): Describes believers' hope as something awaited and not yet seen; like Hebrews 11:39, it emphasizes faithful endurance while the promised fulfillment is still future.

Alternative generated candidates

  • God having provided something better for us, that apart from us they should not be made perfect.
  • And these all, though commended by their faith, did not receive the fulfillment of the promise,
40 since God had provided something better for us, that apart from us they should not be made perfect.

Heb.11.40 - Details

Translation

since God had provided something better for us, that apart from us they should not be made perfect.

Original Text

του θεου περι ημων κρειττον τι προβλεψαμενου,ινα μη χωρις ημων τελειωθωσιν.

Morphology

  • του: ART,gen,sg,n
  • θεου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
  • περι: PREP
  • ημων: PRON,gen,pl,1
  • κρειττον: ADJ,comp,nom/acc,sg,neut
  • τι: PRON,int,nom,sg,n
  • προβλεψαμενου: VERB,perf,pass,ptcp,gen,sg,neut
  • ινα: CONJ
  • μη: PART
  • χωρις: PREP,gen
  • ημων: PRON,gen,pl,1
  • τελειωθωσιν: VERB,pres,pass,subj,3,pl

Parallels

  • Hebrews 11:39 (structural): Immediate context: states that the heroes of faith did not receive the promise, leading directly into 11:40's explanation that God provided something better culminating with us.
  • Hebrews 10:14 (verbal): Uses the same idea of being 'made perfect' (perfected) by God's action—here through Christ's single offering—paralleling the language of final completion in 11:40.
  • Hebrews 12:23 (thematic): Speaks of 'the spirits of the righteous made perfect,' echoing Hebrews' theme of the final perfection/fulfillment of God's people introduced in 11:40.
  • Romans 8:29-30 (thematic): Outlines God's progressive work (predestination, calling, justification, glorification), resonating with 11:40's claim that God has foreseen and provided a superior consummation for believers.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Therefore, since we are surrounded by so great a cloud of witnesses, let us lay aside every weight and the sin which so easily entangles us, and let us run with endurance the race that is set before us,
  • God having provided something better for us, that apart from us they should not be made perfect.

Now faith is the assurance of things hoped for, the conviction of realities not seen.

For by it the ancients received testimony.

By faith we understand that the universe was formed at God's command, so that what is seen came into being from things not visible.

By faith Abel offered to God a more acceptable sacrifice than Cain; through his faith he was commended as righteous, and though he is dead he still speaks.

By faith Enoch was taken up so that he did not experience death; 'he was taken up' because he had pleased God. And without faith it is impossible to please God; for whoever draws near to him must believe that he exists and that he rewards those who diligently seek him.

By faith Noah, warned by God about things not yet seen, in reverent fear built an ark for the salvation of his household; by this he condemned the world and became heir of the righteousness that comes by faith.

By faith Abraham obeyed when he was called to go out to a place he was to receive as an inheritance; and he went out, not knowing where he was going.

By faith he sojourned in the land of promise as in a foreign country, living in tents with Isaac and Jacob, heirs with him of the same promise.

For he looked forward to the city that has foundations, whose builder and maker is God.

By faith even Sarah herself received power to conceive seed, and she bore a child when she was past the age, because she regarded him faithful who had promised. So from one—and him as good as dead—were born descendants as numerous as the stars of heaven and as the innumerable sand on the seashore.

These all died in faith without having received the promises, but having seen them afar off and welcomed them, confessing that they were strangers and exiles on the earth.

For those who say such things make it plain that they are seeking a homeland.

If indeed they had been mindful of that country from which they went out, they would have had opportunity to return. But as it is, they desire a better country—a heavenly one. Therefore God is not ashamed to be called their God; for he has prepared for them a city.

By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac; he who had received the promises offered up his only son,

of whom it was said, 'Through Isaac shall your offspring be named.'

He considered that God was able even to raise him from the dead; and in a sense he did receive him back.

By faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau concerning things to come.

By faith Jacob, when dying, blessed each of the sons of Joseph and worshiped, leaning upon the top of his staff.

By faith Joseph, at the end of his life, made mention of the exodus of the Israelites and gave directions concerning his bones.

By faith Moses, when he was born, was hidden by his parents for three months because they saw he was a beautiful child, and they were not afraid of the king's edict.

By faith Moses, when he was grown, refused to be called the son of Pharaoh's daughter,

choosing rather to share ill-treatment with God's people than to enjoy the fleeting pleasures of sin.

He considered the reproach of the Messiah greater wealth than the treasures of Egypt, for he looked to the reward.

By faith he left Egypt, not fearing the king's anger; for he persevered as seeing him who is unseen.

By faith he kept the Passover and sprinkled the blood, so that the destroyer of the firstborn might not touch them.

By faith they passed through the Red Sea as though on dry land, whereas the Egyptians, attempting the same, were drowned.

By faith the walls of Jericho fell after they had been encircled for seven days.

By faith Rahab the prostitute did not perish with those who were disobedient, because she received the spies in peace. And what more shall I say? For time would fail me to tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, of David and Samuel and the prophets—

who through faith conquered kingdoms, worked justice, obtained promises, shut the mouths of lions,

quenched the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, were made strong out of weakness, became mighty in battle, and routed foreign armies.

Women received back their dead by resurrection; others were tortured, refusing release, that they might obtain a better resurrection.

Others suffered mocking and scourging, and even chains and imprisonment.

They were stoned, they were sawn in two, they were tempted, they were slain with the sword; they went about in skins of sheep and goats, destitute, afflicted, ill-treated—

of whom the world was not worthy—wandering in deserts and mountains, hiding in caves and in holes of the ground. And all these, though commended through their faith, did not receive what was promised,

since God had provided something better for us, that apart from us they should not be made perfect.