Woe to Ephraim and Judah: Drunkenness and Judgment

Isaiah 28:1-29

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Genesis

The Creation of the World 1:1-2:3 The Creation of Man and Woman 2:4-25 The Fall of Man 3:1-24 Cain and Abel 4:1-26 From Adam to Noah 5:1-32 The Flood 6:1-8:22 God’s Covenant with Noah 9:1-17 Noah’s Drunkenness and Curse 9:18-29 Nations Descended from Noah 10:1-32 The Tower of Babel 11:1-9 From Shem to Abram 11:10-32 The Call of Abram 12:1-9 Abram in Egypt 12:10-20 Abram and Lot Separate 13:1-18 Abram Rescues Lot 14:1-24 God’s Covenant with Abram 15:1-21 Hagar and Ishmael 16:1-16 The Covenant of Circumcision 17:1-27 A Son Promised to Sarah 18:1-15 Abraham Intercedes for Sodom 18:16-33 The Destruction of Sodom 19:1-29 The Origin of Moab and Ammon 19:30-38 Abraham and Abimelech 20:1-18 The Birth of Isaac 21:1-7 Hagar and Ishmael Sent Away 21:8-21 A Treaty with Abimelech 21:22-34 The Sacrifice of Isaac 22:1-19 Nahor’s Children 22:20-24 The Death and Burial of Sarah 23:1-20 A Wife for Isaac 24:1-67 The Death of Abraham 25:1-11 Ishmael’s Descendants 25:12-18 Esau and Jacob 25:19-34 Isaac and Abimelech 26:1-35 Jacob Takes Esau’s Blessing 27:1-40 Jacob Sent to Paddan-aram 27:41-28:9 Jacob’s Dream at Bethel 28:10-22 Jacob Meets Rachel 29:1-14 Jacob Marries Leah and Rachel 29:15-30 The Children of Jacob 29:31-30:24 Jacob’s Prosperity 30:25-43 Jacob Flees from Laban 31:1-21 Jacob and Laban Make a Covenant 31:22-55 Jacob Prepares to Meet Esau 32:1-21 Jacob Wrestles with God 32:22-32 Jacob Meets Esau 33:1-20 Dinah and the Shechemites 34:1-31 God Blesses Jacob at Bethel 35:1-15 Deaths of Rachel and Isaac 35:16-29 Esau’s Descendants 36:1-30 The Kings of Edom 36:31-43 Joseph’s Dreams 37:1-11 Joseph Sold by His Brothers 37:12-36 Judah and Tamar 38:1-30 Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife 39:1-23 Joseph Interprets Dreams in Prison 40:1-23 Pharaoh’s Dreams 41:1-40 Joseph Rises to Power 41:41-57 Joseph’s Brothers Go to Egypt 42:1-38 Joseph’s Brothers Return with Benjamin 43:1-34 The Silver Cup 44:1-34 Joseph Reveals Himself 45:1-28 Jacob Goes to Egypt 46:1-47:12 Joseph and the Famine 47:13-31 Jacob Blesses Ephraim and Manasseh 48:1-22 Jacob Blesses His Sons 49:1-28 The Death and Burial of Jacob 49:29-50:14 Joseph Reassures His Brothers 50:15-21 The Death of Joseph 50:22-26

Exodus

Israel Increases in Egypt 1:1-22 The Birth of Moses 2:1-10 Moses Flees to Midian 2:11-25 The Burning Bush 3:1-22 Signs for Moses 4:1-17 Moses Returns to Egypt 4:18-31 Moses and Aaron Before Pharaoh 5:1-21 God Promises Deliverance 5:22-6:12 The Genealogy of Moses and Aaron 6:13-27 Moses and Aaron Sent to Pharaoh 6:28-7:7 Aaron’s Staff Becomes a Serpent 7:8-13 The First Plague: Water to Blood 7:14-24 The Second Plague: Frogs 7:25-8:15 The Third Plague: Gnats 8:16-19 The Fourth Plague: Flies 8:20-32 The Fifth Plague: Livestock Die 9:1-7 The Sixth Plague: Boils 9:8-12 The Seventh Plague: Hail 9:13-35 The Eighth Plague: Locusts 10:1-20 The Ninth Plague: Darkness 10:21-29 A Final Plague Threatened 11:1-10 The Passover 12:1-30 The Exodus 12:31-42 Passover Regulations 12:43-51 Consecration of the Firstborn 13:1-16 Crossing the Red Sea 13:17-14:31 The Song of Moses 15:1-21 Bitter Water Made Sweet 15:22-27 Manna from Heaven 16:1-36 Water from the Rock 17:1-7 Amalek Defeated 17:8-16 Jethro’s Advice 18:1-27 Israel at Mount Sinai 19:1-25 The Ten Commandments 20:1-21 Laws About Altars 20:22-21:1 Laws About Slaves 21:2-11 Laws About Personal Injuries 21:12-36 Laws About Restitution 22:1-15 Laws About Holiness 22:16-31 Laws About Justice 23:1-9 Sabbath Years and Weeks 23:10-13 The Three Feasts 23:14-19 The Angel and the Promises 23:20-33 The Covenant Confirmed 24:1-18 Contributions for the Sanctuary 25:1-9 The Ark of the Testimony 25:10-22 The Table for Bread 25:23-30 The Golden Lampstand 25:31-40 The Tabernacle 26:1-37 The Bronze Altar 27:1-8 The Court of the Tabernacle 27:9-19 Oil for the Lamp 27:20-21 The Priests’ Garments 28:1-5 The Ephod 28:6-14 The Breastpiece of Judgment 28:15-30 Other Priestly Garments 28:31-43 Consecration of the Priests 29:1-46 The Altar of Incense 30:1-10 The Census Tax 30:11-16 The Bronze Basin 30:17-21 The Anointing Oil 30:22-33 The Incense 30:34-38 Oholiab and Bezalel 31:1-11 The Sabbath Sign 31:12-18 The Golden Calf 32:1-33:6 The Tent of Meeting 33:7-11 Moses’ Intercession and God’s Glory 33:12-23 New Tablets and Covenant 34:1-28 The Shining Face of Moses 34:29-35 Sabbath Regulations 35:1-3 Freewill Offerings for the Tabernacle 35:4-29 Bezalel and Oholiab Set Apart 35:30-36:7 Making the Tabernacle 36:8-38 Making the Ark 37:1-9 Making the Table 37:10-16 Making the Lampstand 37:17-24 Making the Altar of Incense 37:25-29 Making the Bronze Altar 38:1-7 Making the Bronze Basin 38:8 Making the Court 38:9-20 Materials of the Tabernacle 38:21-31 Making the Priests’ Garments 39:1 The Ephod Made 39:2-7 The Breastpiece Made 39:8-21 Other Garments Made 39:22-31 The Work Completed 39:32-43 The Tabernacle Erected 40:1-33 The Glory Fills the Tabernacle 40:34-38

Leviticus

The Burnt Offering 1:1-17 The Grain Offering 2:1-16 The Peace Offering 3:1-17 The Sin Offering 4:1-5:13 The Guilt Offering 5:14-6:7 The Burnt Offering—Priests’ Duties 6:8-13 The Grain Offering—Priests’ Portion 6:14-23 The Sin Offering—Priests’ Portion 6:24-30 The Guilt Offering—Priests’ Portion 7:1-10 The Peace Offering—Thanksgiving and Vows 7:11-21 Prohibited Fat and Blood 7:22-27 Concluding Regulations 7:28-38 The Priests Ordained 8:1-36 Priestly Ministry Begins 9:1-24 Nadab and Abihu 10:1-20 Clean and Unclean Animals 11:1-47 Purification After Childbirth 12:1-8 Laws for Leprosy—Skin Diseases 13:1-46 Leprous Garments 13:47-59 Cleansing of a Leper 14:1-32 Leprous Houses 14:33-57 Bodily Discharges 15:1-33 The Day of Atonement 16:1-34 The Place of Sacrifice; No Blood 17:1-16 Unlawful Sexual Relations 18:1-30 Holiness in Everyday Life 19:1-37 Penalties for Unholiness 20:1-27 Holiness of the Priests 21:1-22:16 Acceptable Offerings; Appointed Feasts Intro 22:17-23:2 The Sabbath 23:3 Passover and Unleavened Bread 23:4-8 Firstfruits 23:9-14 Weeks (Pentecost) 23:15-22 Trumpets 23:23-25 Day of Atonement 23:26-32 Booths 23:33-44 Tabernacle Lamps, Bread, and Blasphemer 24:1-23 Sabbath Year 25:1-7 The Year of Jubilee 25:8-55 Blessings for Obedience 26:1-13 Curses for Disobedience 26:14-46 Vows and Dedications 27:1-34

Numbers

The Census of Israel 1:1-54 Arrangement of the Camp 2:1-34 The Levites’ Duties 3:1-51 Kohathites’ Service 4:1-20 Gershonites’ Service 4:21-28 Merarites’ Service 4:29-33 Census of the Levites 4:34-49 Unclean Removed from Camp 5:1-4 Restitution for Wrongs 5:5-10 The Test for Adultery 5:11-31 The Nazirite Vow 6:1-21 The Priestly Blessing 6:22-27 Offerings of the Leaders 7:1-89 The Lamps 8:1-4 The Levites Consecrated 8:5-26 The Passover Celebrated 9:1-14 The Cloud Over the Tabernacle 9:15-23 The Silver Trumpets 10:1-10 Departure from Sinai 10:11-36 Complaint and Quail; Seventy Elders 11:1-35 Miriam and Aaron Oppose Moses 12:1-16 Spies Sent into Canaan 13:1-25 Report of the Spies 13:26-33 The People Rebel 14:1-45 Offerings and Firstfruits 15:1-21 Unintentional Sin and Presumptuous Sin 15:22-31 The Sabbath-Breaker 15:32-36 Tassels on Garments 15:37-41 Korah’s Rebellion 16:1-50 Aaron’s Staff Buds 17:1-13 Priests’ and Levites’ Duties 18:1-7 Portions for Priests and Levites 18:8-32 The Red Heifer 19:1-22 Water from the Rock at Meribah 20:1-13 Edom Refuses Passage 20:14-21 Aaron’s Death 20:22-29 Arad Defeated 21:1-3 The Bronze Serpent 21:4-9 Journeys in the Wilderness 21:10-20 Victories over Sihon and Og 21:21-35 Balaam Summoned 22:1-20 Balaam’s Donkey and the Angel 22:21-41 Balaam’s First Oracle 23:1-12 Balaam’s Second Oracle 23:13-26 Balaam’s Third Oracle 23:27-24:14 The Star out of Jacob 24:15-19 Balaam’s Final Sayings 24:20-25 Baal of Peor and Phinehas 25:1-18 The Second Census 26:1-65 Daughters of Zelophehad 27:1-11 Joshua Appointed 27:12-23 Daily Offerings 28:1-8 Sabbath Offerings 28:9-10 Monthly Offerings 28:11-15 Passover Offerings 28:16-25 Weeks (Firstfruits) Offerings 28:26-31 Trumpets Offerings 29:1-6 Day of Atonement Offerings 29:7-11 Booths Offerings 29:12-40 Vows 30:1-16 War with Midian—Spoils 31:1-24 Division of the Spoils 31:25-54 Reuben, Gad, and Half-Manasseh 32:1-42 Stages of Israel’s Journey 33:1-56 Boundaries of the Land 34:1-29 Levitical Cities 35:1-5 Cities of Refuge 35:6-34 Marriage of Zelophehad’s Daughters 36:1-13

Deuteronomy

Preamble and Setting 1:1-8 Leaders Appointed 1:9-18 Spies Sent 1:19-25 Rebellion and Judgment 1:26-46 Journey Through Edom, Moab, Ammon 2:1-23 Victory over Sihon 2:24-37 Victory over Og 3:1-11 Allotment East of Jordan 3:12-20 Moses Forbidden to Enter 3:21-29 Call to Obey 4:1-14 No Idols 4:15-31 The LORD Alone Is God 4:32-40 Cities of Refuge East 4:41-43 Introduction to the Law 4:44-49 The Ten Commandments Rehearsed 5:1-33 The Shema and Instruction 6:1-25 Warning Against the Nations 7:1-26 Do Not Forget the LORD 8:1-20 Not for Your Righteousness 9:1-6 Israel’s Rebellions Recounted 9:7-29 New Tablets; Ark 10:1-11 Fear the LORD 10:12-22 Love, Obey, Choose 11:1-32 The Place of Worship 12:1-32 False Prophets and Idolatry 13:1-18 Clean and Unclean Foods 14:1-21 Tithes 14:22-29 Sabbatical Year 15:1-11 Hebrew Slaves 15:12-18 Firstborn Animals 15:19-23 Passover 16:1-8 Weeks 16:9-12 Booths 16:13-17 Justice 16:18-20 Forbidden Worship 16:21-17:7 Difficult Cases 17:8-13 Laws for the King 17:14-20 Provision for Levites 18:1-8 Abominable Practices 18:9-13 A Prophet Like Moses 18:14-22 Cities of Refuge 19:1-14 Witnesses and Penalties 19:15-21 Rules for War 20:1-20 Unsolved Murder 21:1-9 Wives from War 21:10-14 Rights of the Firstborn 21:15-17 Rebellious Son 21:18-21 Various Laws 21:22-22:12 Laws of Chastity 22:13-30 Assembly Exclusions 23:1-8 Camp Purity 23:9-14 Various Laws Continued 23:15-25:19 Firstfruits and Tithes Confession 26:1-15 You Are the LORD’s People 26:16-19 Law on Stones and Altar 27:1-8 Curses Pronounced 27:9-26 Blessings for Obedience 28:1-14 Curses for Disobedience 28:15-68 Renewal in Moab 29:1-29 Choose Life 30:1-20 Joshua Commissioned 31:1-8 Public Reading of the Law 31:9-13 Moses’ Warning of Apostasy 31:14-29 The Song of Moses 31:30-32:47 Moses to Die on Nebo 32:48-52 Moses Blesses Israel 33:1-29 The Death of Moses 34:1-12

Joshua

Joshua Commissioned and Encouraged 1:1-18 Rahab Protects the Spies 2:1-24 Crossing the Jordan and Memorial Stones 3:1-4:24 Renewal at Gilgal: Circumcision and Passover 5:1-12 The Commander Appears and the Fall of Jericho 5:13-6:27 Defeat at Ai and Achan's Sin Revealed 7:1-26 The Capture and Destruction of Ai 8:1-29 Altar on Mount Ebal and the Law Proclaimed 8:30-35 The Gibeonite Deception and Treaty 9:1-27 Victory at Gibeon and the Long Day 10:1-15 Capture and Execution of the Five Kings 10:16-28 The Southern Campaign and Conquest of Cities 10:29-43 Defeat of the Northern Coalition and Hazor Destroyed 11:1-23 Lists of Kings Defeated East and West of the Jordan 12:1-24 Land Remaining to Be Possessed 13:1-7 Allotments East of the Jordan 13:8-33 Procedure for Distributing the Land and Levitical Cities 14:1-5 Caleb's Claim and Inheritance of Hebron 14:6-15 Boundaries and Towns of Judah 15:1-63 Ephraim and West Manasseh: Boundaries and Claims 16:1-17:18 Shiloh Established and the Land Surveyed 18:1-10 Territory and Towns of Benjamin 18:11-28 Territory of Simeon 19:1-9 Territory of Zebulun 19:10-16 Territory of Issachar 19:17-23 Territory of Asher 19:24-31 Territory of Naphtali 19:32-39 Territory of Dan 19:40-48 Completion of the Allotments and Joshua's Inheritance 19:49-51 Cities of Refuge Established 20:1-9 Levitical Cities and Their Holdings 21:1-45 The Eastern Tribes' Altar and the Reconciliation 22:1-34 Joshua's Farewell Exhortation and Warning 23:1-16 Renewal of the Covenant at Shechem 24:1-27 Death and Burial of Joshua and Eleazar 24:28-33

Judges

Israel's Conquest and Incomplete Possession 1:1-36 The Angel's Rebuke at Bokim 2:1-5 Israel's Apostasy and the Rise of Oppressors 2:6-3:6 Othniel Delivers Israel 3:7-11 Ehud's Assassination and Israel's Deliverance 3:12-30 Shamgar's Deliverance of Israel 3:31 Deborah and Barak's Victory Over Sisera 4:1-24 Deborah's Song of Victory 5:1-31 The Call of Gideon and the Signs of Faith 6:1-40 Gideon's 300 and the Defeat of Midian 7:1-25 Gideon's Pursuit and Execution of the Midianite Kings 8:1-21 Gideon Refuses Kingship and Makes an Ephod 8:22-27 Gideon's Death and Israel's Return to Idolatry 8:28-35 Abimelech's Usurpation and Destruction 9:1-57 Tola Judges Israel 10:1-2 Jair of Gilead Judges Israel 10:3-5 Israel's Apostasy and Jephthah's Tragic Deliverance 10:6-11:40 Jephthah's Clash with Ephraim and the 'Shibboleth' 12:1-7 Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon Rule Israel 12:8-15 The Birth of Samson and the Angelic Announcement 13:1-25 Samson's Marriage, Riddle, and Retaliation 14:1-20 Samson's Vengeance and Triumph over the Philistines 15:1-20 Samson and Delilah: Betrayal and Capture 16:1-22 Samson's Death and the Fall of the Philistine Temple 16:23-31 Micah's Idol and the Levite Priest 17:1-13 The Danites' Migration and the Theft of Micah's Idols 18:1-31 The Atrocity at Gibeah and the Levite's Grievance 19:1-30 Civil War: Israel vs. Benjamin 20:1-48 Aftermath of Civil War: Preservation of Benjamin 21:1-25

Ruth

Naomi's Loss and Ruth's Loyalty 1:1-22 Ruth Gleans in Boaz's Field 2:1-23 Ruth Entreats Boaz for Redemption 3:1-18 Boaz Redeems Ruth at the City Gate 4:1-12 Obed's Birth and David's Lineage 4:13-22

1 Samuel

Hannah's Prayer for a Son 1:1-20 Hannah Presents Samuel to the Lord 1:21-28 Hannah's Song of Praise 2:1-11 Eli's Corrupt Sons and Samuel's Childhood 2:12-26 Prophecy of Judgment on Eli's House 2:27-36 Samuel's Call and the Lord's Word to Eli 3:1-4:1 Israel Defeated and the Ark Captured 4:2-11 Eli's Death and the Birth of Ichabod 4:12-22 The Ark Brings Judgment in Philistine Cities 5:1-12 The Ark Returned to Israel 6:1-7:1 Samuel Judges Israel and Delivers Them at Mizpah 7:2-17 Israel Demands a King 8:1-22 Saul Chosen and Given Signs 9:1-10:8 Saul Proclaimed King by Lot 10:9-27 Saul's Victory at Jabesh-Gilead 11:1-11 Saul Confirmed as King at Gilgal 11:12-15 Samuel's Farewell and Exhortation to Israel 12:1-25 Saul's Unauthorized Sacrifice and Rebuke 13:1-15 Philistine Pressure and Israel's Lack of Arms 13:16-22 Jonathan's Bold Assault and Victory 13:23-14:14 Saul's Rash Oath and Its Consequences 14:15-23 Saul's Pursuit and Jonathan's Exploits 14:24-48 Saul's Family and Mighty Men 14:49-52 Saul's Disobedience and Rejection as King 15:1-35 David Anointed by Samuel 16:1-13 David Serves Saul and Eases His Torment 16:14-23 David and Goliath 17:1-58 David's Rise and Saul's Jealousy 18:1-30 Saul's Attempts on David's Life and Jonathan's Intervention 19:1-24 David and Jonathan's Covenant 20:1-42 David at Nob: Bread and Goliath's Sword 21:1-9 David Feigns Madness at Gath 21:10-15 David Gathers Followers and Seeks Priestly Aid 22:1-5 Massacre at Nob and Abiathar Joins David 22:6-23 David Delivers Keilah and Inquires of God 23:1-6 Saul's Pursuit, Ziphite Betrayal, and David's Escape 23:7-29 David Spares Saul in a Cave 24:1-22 Nabal's Folly and Abigail's Intervention 25:1-44 David Again Spares Saul in His Camp 26:1-25 David Seeks Refuge with Achish 27:1-12 Saul and the Witch of Endor 28:1-25 The Philistines Reject David 29:1-11 David Recovers His Family and Defeats the Amalekites 30:1-31 The Death of Saul and His Sons 31:1-13

2 Samuel

An Amalekite Reports Saul and Jonathan's Death 1:1-16 David's Lament for Saul and Jonathan 1:17-27 David Anointed King of Judah at Hebron 2:1-7 Ish‑Bosheth Made King; Civil War with David Begins 2:8-3:5 Abner Seeks Alliance with David 3:6-21 Joab Murders Abner; David's Protest and Mourning 3:22-39 Ish‑Bosheth Assassinated 4:1-12 David Anointed King over All Israel 5:1-5 David Captures Jerusalem and Establishes His House 5:6-16 David's Victories over the Philistines 5:17-25 Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem; Uzzah's Death and David's Joy 6:1-23 God's Covenant with David 7:1-17 David's Prayer of Thanksgiving for God's Promise 7:18-29 David's Military Victories 8:1-14 David's Officials and Mighty Men 8:15-18 David Shows Kindness to Mephibosheth 9:1-13 War with the Ammonites and Syrians 10:1-19 David and Bathsheba; the Death of Uriah 11:1-27 Nathan Rebukes David; Judgment and Aftermath 12:1-31 Amnon's Crime against Tamar 13:1-22 Absalom Kills Amnon and Flees 13:23-39 Joab Secures Absalom's Return and Reconciliation 14:1-33 Absalom's Conspiracy and Rise to Power 15:1-12 David Flees Jerusalem; Loyal Followers Accompany Him 15:13-37 Ziba Brings Provisions to David 16:1-4 Shimei Curses David as He Flees 16:5-14 Counsel in Absalom's Court; Ahithophel's Plan and Hushai's Counterplot 16:15-17:29 Battle in the Forest of Ephraim and Absalom's Death 18:1-18 Reports of Victory and David's Grief for Absalom 18:19-19:8 David's Return to Jerusalem; Reconciliation and Disputes 19:9-43 Sheba's Revolt and Its Suppression 20:1-26 Famine and the Gibeonites' Demand; Saul's Descendants Executed 21:1-14 David's Battles with the Philistines and the Valor of His Men 21:15-22 David's Song of Deliverance 22:1-51 David's Final Oracle 23:1-7 The Deeds of David's Mighty Warriors 23:8-39 David's Census and the Resulting Plague 24:1-17 David Purchases the Threshing Floor; Sacrifice and End of Plague 24:18-25

1 Kings

Adonijah Attempts to Seize the Throne 1:1-27 Solomon Anointed King 1:28-53 David's Charge to Solomon and Death 2:1-12 Solomon Consolidates His Power 2:13-46 Solomon's Request for Wisdom 3:1-15 Solomon's Wise Judgment 3:16-28 Solomon's Officials and Administrative Order 4:1-19 The Wealth and Prosperity of Israel 4:20-28 Solomon's Wisdom and Fame 4:29-34 Alliances and Preparations for the Temple 5:1-18 Solomon Builds the Temple 6:1-38 Solomon's Palace and Structural Works 7:1-12 Temple Furnishings and the Work of Hiram 7:13-51 The Ark Brought into the Temple 8:1-21 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication 8:22-61 The Dedication Celebrated with Sacrifice 8:62-66 God's Promise and Warning to Solomon 9:1-9 Solomon's Building Projects and Trade 9:10-28 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 10:1-13 The Wealth and Splendor of Solomon's Reign 10:14-29 Solomon's Foreign Wives and Apostasy 11:1-13 Adversaries Raised Against Solomon 11:14-25 Jeroboam's Call and the Promise of Division 11:26-40 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 11:41-43 Rehoboam's Folly and the Kingdom Divides 12:1-24 Jeroboam Establishes Golden Calves 12:25-33 Prophetic Rebuke at Bethel and Deception 13:1-34 Ahijah's Prophecy Against Jeroboam 14:1-20 Rehoboam's Unfaithfulness and Shishak's Invasion 14:21-31 Abijam's Short Reign in Judah 15:1-8 Asa's Reforms and Early Reign 15:9-24 Nadab's Reign and Baasha's Conspiracy 15:25-32 Baasha's Reign and Jehu's Prophecy 15:33-16:7 Elah Assassinated and Zimri's Usurpation 16:8-14 Zimri's Suicide and Omri's Rise to Power 16:15-20 Omri Establishes Samaria as Capital 16:21-28 Ahab and Jezebel Introduce Baal Worship 16:29-34 Elijah Announces the Drought and Is Fed by Ravens 17:1-6 Elijah in Zarephath: Provision and Resurrection 17:7-24 Elijah Confronts Ahab and Prepares for Confrontation 18:1-15 Elijah on Mount Carmel and the Fall of Baal's Prophets 18:16-46 Elijah Flees to Horeb and Is Renewed 19:1-9 God's Response to Elijah and New Commissions 19:10-18 The Call of Elisha 19:19-21 Ben‑hadad Besieges Samaria; Israel's Defiant Response 20:1-12 Israel's Victories Over Aram and Ahab's Mercy 20:13-34 A Prophet Enacts Judgment on the King 20:35-43 Naboth's Vineyard: Ahab and Jezebel's Crime and Punishment 21:1-29 Ahab and Jehoshaphat Seek Counsel; Micaiah's True Prophecy 22:1-28 Ahab Dies at Ramoth‑Gilead 22:29-40 Jehoshaphat's Reign in Judah 22:41-50 Ahaziah Succeeds Ahab and Does Evil 22:51-53

2 Kings

Ahaziah Seeks Counsel and Elijah’s Judgment 1:1-18 Elijah Taken Up; Elisha Succeeds 2:1-18 Elisha Purifies Jericho’s Water 2:19-22 Mockers of Elisha Mauled by Bears 2:23-25 Alliance Against Moab and Elisha’s Miracle 3:1-27 The Widow’s Oil Multiplied 4:1-7 Elisha Restores the Shunammite’s Son 4:8-37 Poisoned Stew Made Safe 4:38-41 Elisha Feeds a Hundred Men 4:42-44 Naaman Healed of Leprosy and Gehazi’s Greed 5:1-27 The Floating Axe Head 6:1-7 Elisha Foils the Aramean Raid 6:8-23 Famine Besieges Samaria 6:24-7:2 Arameans Flee; Samaria’s Deliverance 7:3-20 The Shunammite Restored to Her Land 8:1-6 Elisha Foretells Hazael’s Rise 8:7-15 Jehoram’s Reign in Israel 8:16-24 Ahaziah of Judah Ascends the Throne 8:25-29 Anointing of Jehu as King 9:1-13 Jehu Slays Joram and the House of Ahab 9:14-29 The Death of Jezebel 9:30-37 Jehu Executes Ahab’s Kin at Jezreel 10:1-17 Jehu Destroys Baal Worship 10:18-36 Joash Crowned; Athaliah Overthrown 11:1-21 Joash Repairs the Temple 12:1-21 Jehoahaz of Israel and Aramean Oppression 13:1-9 Jehoash of Israel and Elisha’s Final Acts 13:10-25 Amaziah of Judah: Victory and Pride 14:1-22 Jeroboam II Restores Israel’s Borders 14:23-29 Azariah (Uzziah) King of Judah 15:1-7 Zechariah’s Short Reign and Assassination 15:8-12 Shallum’s Brief Usurpation and Murder 15:13-16 Menahem’s Reign and Tribute to Assyria 15:17-22 Pekahiah Murdered; Pekah’s Conspiracy 15:23-26 Pekah Rules and Wars with Judah 15:27-31 Jotham King of Judah 15:32-38 Ahaz’s Reign and Submission to Assyria 16:1-20 Fall of Samaria and Israel’s Exile 17:1-6 Reasons for Israel’s Exile 17:7-23 Resettling Samaria and Syncretistic Worship 17:24-41 Hezekiah’s Reforms and Fortifications 18:1-16 Rabshakeh’s Taunts before Jerusalem 18:17-37 Hezekiah’s Plea and Isaiah’s Prophecy 19:1-13 Hezekiah’s Prayer of Surrender 19:14-19 The LORD Delivers Jerusalem from Sennacherib 19:20-37 Hezekiah’s Illness, Recovery, and the Sign 20:1-11 Hezekiah’s Pride and a Warning about Babylon 20:12-21 Manasseh’s Long, Wicked Reign 21:1-18 Amon’s Short Reign and Assassination 21:19-26 Josiah Finds the Book of the Law and Reforms 22:1-20 Josiah’s Covenant Renewal and Passover 23:1-30 Jehoahaz Deposed; Jehoiakim Installed by Egypt 23:31-35 Jehoiakim’s Reign and Babylonian Pressure 23:36-24:7 Jehoiachin’s Brief Reign and First Exile 24:8-17 Zedekiah Appointed as Babylon’s Vassal 24:18-19 Siege and Fall of Jerusalem; Destruction and Exile 24:20-25:26 Jehoiachin Released from Babylonian Prison 25:27-30

1 Chronicles

Genealogies from Adam to Abraham 1:1-27 The Descendants of Abraham 1:28-34 The Edomite Genealogies (Esau and Seir) 1:35-54 The Sons of Israel 2:1-2 The Genealogy and Families of Judah 2:3-55 David’s Descendants and the Royal Line 3:1-24 Judahite Families and Notable Descendants 4:1-23 The Families and Settlements of Simeon 4:24-43 Transjordanian Tribes and Their Chiefs 5:1-10 Wars and Settlements East of the Jordan 5:11-22 Loss of Territory and Exile East of the Jordan 5:23-26 The Levites: Genealogy and Temple Service 6:1-81 The Tribe of Issachar 7:1-5 A Register of Benjamin’s Households 7:6-12 A Brief Genealogical Note 7:13 The Tribe of Naphtali 7:14-19 The Tribe of Manasseh 7:20-29 The Tribe of Ephraim 7:30-40 The Genealogy of Benjamin (including Saul’s Line) 8:1-9:1 Resettlement of Jerusalem: Residents and Officials 9:2-34 Gatekeepers and Temple Servants in Jerusalem 9:35-44 The Death of Saul and the End of His House 10:1-14 David Anointed King over Israel 11:1-3 David Captures Jerusalem (Zion) 11:4-9 David’s Mighty Men and Warriors 11:10-47 Those Who Came to David at Hebron (Judah’s Support) 12:1-22 Israel’s Warriors Join David at Hebron 12:23-40 Bringing the Ark: Preparations and Uzzah’s Death 13:1-14 David’s Household and Philistine Submission 14:1-7 David’s Victories over the Philistines 14:8-17 Preparations for Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem 15:1-16:6 David Institutes Worship and a Song of Praise 16:7-43 God’s Covenant with David (Nathan’s Oracle) 17:1-15 David’s Prayer of Thanksgiving for the Covenant 17:16-27 David’s Military Victories and Tribute 18:1-13 David’s Officials and the Spoils of War 18:14-17 War with the Ammonites and Their Allies 19:1-19 The Campaign against Rabbah (Ammon) 20:1-3 Defeat of the Philistines and Their Champions 20:4-8 David’s Census, Plague, and Purchase of the Temple Site 21:1-22:1 David’s Preparations and Instructions for Solomon 22:2-19 David Organizes the Levites 23:1-6 Levitical Families and Their Heads 23:7-11 Age Regulations and Duties of the Levites 23:12-20 Assignments of Levites: Singers, Gatekeepers, Treasurers 23:21-32 Divisions of the Priests into Twenty‑Four Courses 24:1-19 Priestly Families and Their Cities 24:20-31 The Levitical Musicians and Their Organization 25:1-31 Gatekeepers and Their Lineages 26:1-19 Officials Responsible for Treasuries and Records 26:20-32 Military Divisions and Their Commanders 27:1-15 David’s Civil Officials and Overseers 27:16-24 Heads of the King’s Household and Provisions 27:25-34 David’s Charge to Solomon and the Temple Plan 28:1-21 The Nation’s Offerings for the Temple 29:1-9 David’s Prayer of Praise and Blessing for Solomon 29:10-20 David’s Final Acts and Organization of the Kingdom 29:21-25 The Death of David and Solomon’s Accession 29:26-30

2 Chronicles

Solomon's Sacrifice at Gibeon and Prayer for Wisdom 1:1-17 Solomon Secures Materials and Craftsmen for the Temple 2:1-18 The Temple: Foundation and Structure 3:1-17 Temple Furnishings and Completion of the Work 4:1-5:1 The Ark Installed and Solomon's Dedication Prayer 5:2-6:11 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication and God's Assurance 6:12-42 The Lord Fills the Temple and the Dedication Festival 7:1-10 God Appears to Solomon and Gives a Conditional Promise 7:11-22 Solomon's Other Buildings and Relations with Hiram 8:1-18 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 9:1-12 Solomon's Wealth, Trade, and Administration 9:13-28 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 9:29-31 Rehoboam's Folly and the Division of the Kingdom 10:1-11:4 Rehoboam Fortifies Judah and Consolidates Support 11:5-17 Rehoboam's Descendants and Death 11:18-23 Shishak's Invasion and Judah's Loss 12:1-16 Abijah's Victory over Israel and His Death 13:1-14:1 Asa's Reforms and Victory over Ethiopia 14:2-15 Asa Strengthened by Prophecy and Covenant Renewal 15:1-19 Asa's Alliance with Aram and Reproof by Hanani 16:1-14 Jehoshaphat Strengthens Judah and Reforms Justice 17:1-19 Jehoshaphat's Alliance with Ahab and the Battle at Ramoth-gilead 18:1-27 Jehu Rebukes Jehoshaphat for the Alliance with Ahab 18:28-19:3 Judicial Reforms: Judges Appointed to Administer Justice 19:4-11 Jehoshaphat's Deliverance through Prayer and Praise 20:1-30 End of Jehoshaphat's Reign and Jehoram's Accession 20:31-21:3 Jehoram's Wicked Reign, Revolts, and Judgment 21:4-20 Ahaziah Succeeds His Father and Is Wounded 22:1-9 Athaliah's Usurpation Overthrown and Joash Crowned 22:10-23:21 Joash's Temple Restoration under Jehoiada 24:1-16 Joash's Apostasy, Punishment, and Assassination 24:17-27 Amaziah's Reign: Victory, Pride, and Defeat by Israel 25:1-28 Uzziah's Prosperity and Pride; Leprosy for Presumption 26:1-23 Jotham's Reign: Fortifications and Prosperity 27:1-9 Ahaz's Idolatry, Defeats, and Assyrian Subjugation 28:1-27 Hezekiah's Temple Restoration and Religious Reforms 29:1-36 Hezekiah's Passover and National Repentance 30:1-31:1 Hezekiah's Religious Administration and Temple Support 31:2-21 Hezekiah's Defense Against Sennacherib and Divine Deliverance 32:1-23 Hezekiah's Illness, Pride, and the Babylonian Envoys 32:24-33 Manasseh's Idolatry, Captivity, Repentance, and Restoration 33:1-20 Amon's Wicked Reign and Assassination 33:21-25 Josiah's Early Reforms and Temple Repair 34:1-13 The Book of the Law Found, Huldah's Prophecy, and Josiah's Covenant 34:14-33 Josiah's Observance of the Passover 35:1-19 Josiah Killed at Megiddo and National Mourning 35:20-36:1 Jehoahaz Reigns Briefly and Is Deposed by Pharaoh 36:2-4 Jehoiakim's Reign and Disobedience 36:5-8 Jehoiachin's Short Reign and Exile to Babylon 36:9-10 Zedekiah's Reign and Rejection of Prophetic Warnings 36:11-14 Judgment, Exile, and the Decree of Cyrus 36:15-23

Ezra

Cyrus' Decree and the Return of Temple Vessels 1:1-11 The List of Returning Exiles 2:1-70 The Altar Rebuilt and Worship Restored 3:1-6 Laying the Temple Foundation 3:7-13 Samaritans' Offer Rejected and Opposition Begins 4:1-5 Hostile Letters and the Suspension of Rebuilding 4:6-24 Prophets Renew the Work and Officials Inquire 5:1-17 Darius Confirms Cyrus' Decree and Orders the Temple Rebuilt 6:1-12 Completion and Dedication of the Temple 6:13-18 The Passover Celebrated by the Returnees 6:19-22 Ezra's Lineage, Call, and Preparations 7:1-10 Artaxerxes' Decree Granting Ezra Authority 7:11-28 The Register of Ezra's Companions 8:1-14 Ezra's Fast, Prayer, and Safe Journey to Jerusalem 8:15-36 Ezra's Confession over Intermarriage and Plea for Mercy 9:1-15 Public Repentance and the Proposal to Send Away Foreign Wives 10:1-17 The List of Men Who Separated from Foreign Wives 10:18-44

Nehemiah

Nehemiah's Prayer for Jerusalem 1:1-11 Nehemiah's Appeal and Commission 2:1-10 Nehemiah Inspects the Walls and Faces Opposition 2:11-20 The Repair of Jerusalem's Walls and Gates 3:1-32 Opposition to the Work and Defensive Preparations 4:1-23 Reform of Economic Oppression 5:1-19 Plots Against Nehemiah and His Steadfastness 6:1-14 The Wall Is Completed and Leaders Appointed 6:15-7:3 Enrollment of the Returned Exiles 7:4-72 The Law Is Read; Renewal and Celebration 7:73-8:18 Confession, Praise, and a Recital of Israel's History 9:1-37 Covenant Renewal and Commitments 9:38-10:39 Resettlement of Jerusalem and Its Towns 11:1-36 Register of Priests and Levites 12:1-26 Dedication of the Wall and Festal Processions 12:27-47 Nehemiah's Final Reforms and Purification 13:1-31

Esther

Ahasuerus' Banquet and Vashti's Removal 1:1-22 Esther Chosen as Queen 2:1-18 Mordecai Exposes a Plot Against the King 2:19-23 Haman Elevated and the Decree Against the Jews 3:1-15 Mordecai's Plea and Esther's Resolve 4:1-17 Esther Approaches the King and Invites Haman 5:1-8 Haman's Pride and Mordecai's Scorn 5:9-14 Mordecai Honored and Haman Humiliated 6:1-14 Esther Reveals Haman's Plot and He Is Hanged 7:1-10 Mordecai Elevated and a New Decree Permits Jewish Defense 8:1-17 The Jews Defend Themselves and Prevail in Susa 9:1-17 The Victory Celebrated and Purim Instituted 9:18-32 Mordecai's Exaltation and Legacy 10:1-3

Job

Job's Righteousness and Prosperity 1:1-5 The Accuser's Challenge and Job's Calamities 1:6-22 Satan's Second Test and Job's Endurance 2:1-10 Job's Friends Visit and Mourn Silently 2:11-13 Job's Lament: Cursing the Day of His Birth 3:1-26 Eliphaz's Accusation and Counsel 4:1-5:27 Job's Protest and Despair 6:1-7:21 Bildad's Assertion of Retributive Justice 8:1-22 Job on God's Sovereignty and His Complaint 9:1-10:22 Zophar's Rebuke and Call to Repentance 11:1-20 Job on God's Power and Human Mortality 12:1-14:22 Eliphaz Reproves Job and Defends Retribution 15:1-35 Job's Lament and Plea for a Mediator 16:1-17:16 Bildad's Description of the Wicked's Doom 18:1-21 Job's Lament, Isolation, and Declaration of Hope 19:1-29 Zophar on the Swift Punishment of the Wicked 20:1-29 Job Challenges Retribution Theology 21:1-34 Eliphaz Accuses Job and Urges Repentance 22:1-30 Job Seeks God and Laments Injustice 23:1-24:25 Bildad on God's Majesty and Human Insignificance 25:1-6 Job's Extended Defense: God's Power and the Friends' Failings 26:1-31:40 Elihu's Intervention: Rebuke and Praise of God's Majesty 32:1-37:24 God's Response from the Whirlwind and the Wonders of Creation 38:1-41:34 Job's Confession and Repentance 42:1-6 God Rebukes the Friends and Restores Job 42:7-17

Psalm

Psalms 1–2 1:1-2:12 Psalms 3–8 3:1-8 Psalms 4–8 4:1-8 Psalms 5–12 5:1-12 Psalms 6–10 6:1-10 Psalms 7–17 7:1-17 Psalms 8–9 8:1-9 Psalms 9–10 9:1-10:18 Psalms 11–7 11:1-7 Psalms 12–8 12:1-8 Psalms 13–6 13:1-6 Psalms 14–7 14:1-7 Psalms 15–5 15:1-5 Psalms 16–11 16:1-11 Psalms 17–15 17:1-15 Psalms 18–50 18:1-50 Psalms 19–14 19:1-14 Psalms 20–9 20:1-9 Psalms 21–13 21:1-13 Psalms 22–31 22:1-31 Psalms 23–6 23:1-6 Psalms 24–10 24:1-10 Psalms 25–22 25:1-22 Psalms 26–12 26:1-12 Psalms 27–14 27:1-14 Psalms 28–9 28:1-9 Psalms 29–11 29:1-11 Psalms 30–12 30:1-12 Psalms 31–24 31:1-24 Psalms 32–33 32:1-33:22 Psalms 34–22 34:1-22 Psalms 35–28 35:1-28 Psalms 36–12 36:1-12 Psalms 37–40 37:1-40 Psalms 38–22 38:1-22 Psalms 39–13 39:1-13 Psalms 40–17 40:1-17 Psalms 41–13 41:1-13 Psalms 42–43 42:1-43:5 Psalms 44–26 44:1-26 Psalms 45–17 45:1-17 Psalms 46–11 46:1-11 Psalms 47–9 47:1-9 Psalms 48–14 48:1-14 Psalms 49–20 49:1-20 Psalms 50–23 50:1-23 Psalms 51–19 51:1-19 Psalms 52–9 52:1-9 Psalms 53–6 53:1-6 Psalms 54–7 54:1-7 Psalms 55–23 55:1-23 Psalms 56–13 56:1-13 Psalms 57–11 57:1-11 Psalms 58–11 58:1-11 Psalms 59–17 59:1-17 Psalms 60–12 60:1-12 Psalms 61–8 61:1-8 Psalms 62–12 62:1-12 Psalms 63–11 63:1-11 Psalms 64–10 64:1-10 Psalms 65–13 65:1-13 Psalms 66–20 66:1-20 Psalms 67–7 67:1-7 Psalms 68–35 68:1-35 Psalms 69–36 69:1-36 Psalms 70–71 70:1-71:24 Psalms 72–20 72:1-20 Psalms 73–28 73:1-28 Psalms 74–23 74:1-23 Psalms 75–10 75:1-10 Psalms 76–12 76:1-12 Psalms 77–20 77:1-20 Psalms 78–72 78:1-72 Psalms 79–13 79:1-13 Psalms 80–19 80:1-19 Psalms 81–16 81:1-16 Psalms 82–8 82:1-8 Psalms 83–18 83:1-18 Psalms 84–12 84:1-12 Psalms 85–13 85:1-13 Psalms 86–17 86:1-17 Psalms 87–7 87:1-7 Psalms 88–18 88:1-18 Psalms 89–52 89:1-52 Psalms 90–91 90:1-91:16 Psalms 92–97 92:1-97:12 Psalms 98–99 98:1-99:9 Psalms 100–5 100:1-5 Psalms 101–8 101:1-8 Psalms 102–28 102:1-28 Psalms 103–106 103:1-106:48 Psalms 107–43 107:1-43 Psalms 108–13 108:1-13 Psalms 109–31 109:1-31 Psalms 110–118 110:1-118:29 Psalms 119–8 119:1-8 Psalms 119–16 119:9-16 Psalms 119–24 119:17-24 Psalms 119–32 119:25-32 Psalms 119–40 119:33-40 Psalms 119–48 119:41-48 Psalms 119–56 119:49-56 Psalms 119–64 119:57-64 Psalms 119–72 119:65-72 Psalms 119–80 119:73-80 Psalms 119–88 119:81-88 Psalms 119–176 119:89-176 Psalms 119–104 119:96-104 Psalms 119–112 119:105-112 Psalms 119–120 119:113-120 Psalms 119–128 119:121-128 Psalms 119–136 119:129-136 Psalms 119–144 119:137-144 Psalms 119–152 119:145-152 Psalms 119–160 119:153-160 Psalms 119–168 119:161-168 Psalms 119–176 119:169-176 Psalms 120–7 120:1-7 Psalms 121–8 121:1-8 Psalms 122–9 122:1-9 Psalms 123–4 123:1-4 Psalms 124–8 124:1-8 Psalms 125–5 125:1-5 Psalms 126–6 126:1-6 Psalms 127–5 127:1-5 Psalms 128–6 128:1-6 Psalms 129–8 129:1-8 Psalms 130–8 130:1-8 Psalms 131–3 131:1-3 Psalms 132–18 132:1-18 Psalms 133–3 133:1-3 Psalms 134–137 134:1-137:9 Psalms 138–8 138:1-8 Psalms 139–24 139:1-24 Psalms 140–13 140:1-13 Psalms 141–10 141:1-10 Psalms 142–7 142:1-7 Psalms 143–12 143:1-12 Psalms 144–15 144:1-15 Psalms 145–150 145:1-150:6

Proverbs

Introduction: The Purpose of Proverbs and the Fear of the Lord 1:1-7 Warning Against Enticement by Sinners 1:8-19 Wisdom's Public Call and the Folly of Rejection 1:20-33 The Value of Wisdom and Its Protection 2:1-22 Trusting God and Walking in Wisdom 3:1-35 A Father's Exhortation to Hold Fast to Wisdom 4:1-27 Warning Against Adultery and a Call to Fidelity 5:1-23 Warnings: Surety, Laziness, and Wickedness 6:1-19 Obey Parental Commands and the Dangers of Adultery 6:20-35 The Example of a Young Man Seduced 7:1-27 Wisdom's Proclamation and Blessings 8:1-36 Contrasting Invitations of Wisdom and Folly 9:1-18 Solomon's Proverbs: Contrasts of Righteousness and Folly 10:1-32 Proverbs on Justice, Integrity, and Righteous Living 11:1-31 Wise Conduct, Diligence, and Righteous Speech 12:1-28 Discipline, Wealth, and the Wise Child 13:1-25 Sayings on Wisdom, Folly, and the Fear of the Lord 14:1-35 The Power of Speech and the Benefits of Wisdom 15:1-33 God's Sovereignty Over Human Plans 16:1-33 Relations and Righteousness: Peace, Speech, and Integrity 17:1-28 The Power of Words and the Nature of Companionship 18:1-24 Advice on Wealth, Conduct, and Discipline 19:1-29 Counsel, Justice, and Warnings Against Excess 20:1-30 Divine Sovereignty, Justice, and the King's Role 21:1-31 Reputation, Generosity, and Child Discipline 22:1-16 Sayings of the Wise: Practical Moral Instruction 22:17-24:34 Solomon's Proverbs on Restraint and Leadership 25:1-28 Folly and Foolish Behavior in Speech and Deeds 26:1-28 Friendship, Counsel, and Practical Wisdom for Life 27:1-27 Justice, Righteousness, and the Results of Rebellion 28:1-28 Discipline, Leadership, and Social Order 29:1-27 The Sayings of Agur: Humility and Observations 30:1-33 Advice to King Lemuel and the Virtuous Woman 31:1-31

Ecclesiastes

The Preacher’s Theme: The Vanity of Human Endeavors 1:1-11 The Search for Wisdom and Its Burden 1:12-18 Experimenting with Pleasure and Achievement 2:1-11 Wisdom, Folly, and the Inevitability of Death 2:12-16 Toil, God's Gift, and Finding Satisfaction 2:17-26 A Time for Every Season: God’s Sovereignty and Human Limits 3:1-22 Oppression, Futility, and the Strength of Companionship 4:1-12 The Rise and Decline of a Youthful Leader 4:13-16 Approach God with Reverence: Beware Rash Vows and Idle Words 5:1-7 Injustice and the Emptiness of Wealth and Desire 5:8-6:12 Proverbs on Wisdom, Patience, and Righteous Living 7:1-8:1 The Limits of Wisdom: Authority, Injustice, and Life’s Uncertainties 8:2-17 The Common Destiny of All and the Call to Enjoy Life 9:1-12 Assorted Proverbs on Wisdom, Folly, and Disorder 9:13-10:20 Cast Your Bread Upon the Waters: Counsel on Risk and Generosity 11:1-6 Enjoy Youth and Remember Your Creator: The Approach of Old Age 11:7-12:8 Epilogue: The Teacher’s Conclusion — Fear God and Keep His Commands 12:9-14

Song

Prologue: Yearning for the Beloved's Kiss 1:1-4 The Shulamite's Humble Beauty and Search 1:5-7 An Invitation to Seek the Beloved 1:8 The Beloved's Praise and Bridal Adornments 1:9-11 Sensual Invitation: Spices and Fragrance 1:12-14 Mutual Admiration: You Are Beautiful 1:15 Mutual Belonging and Sheltered Love 1:16-17 The Bride's Humble Self‑Image 2:1 The Beloved as a Nourishing Presence 2:2 Protection of Love and the Coming Spring 2:3-13 A Call to the Daughters; Guard the Love 2:14-15 Belonging, a Night Search, and the Vineyard Charge 2:16-3:11 The Beloved's Bridal Ode: A Detailed Praise 4:1-16 A Visit to the Garden and a Missed Moment 5:1 The Bride's Night Search and Distress 5:2-8 Renewed Exclamation of the Beloved's Beauty 5:9 The Beloved's Encomium: A Garden of Delight 5:10-16 The Daughters Question the Beloved's Whereabouts 6:1 Confession: My Beloved Is Splendid 6:2-3 Regal Portrait of the Bride and Daughters' Praise 6:4-9 Recognition: Who Is This Rising? 6:10 A Journey to the King's House and Adornments 6:11-7:9 Mutual Possession and an Invitation to Intimacy 7:10-8:4 The Power and Permanence of Love 8:5-7 Concerns for the Young Sister's Marriage 8:8-9 The Bride's Independence and the Vineyard Metaphor 8:10-12 A Final Invitation and the Seal of Love 8:13-14

Isaiah

Judah's Rebellion and Call to Repentance 1:1-31 The Mountain of the Lord and the Nations' Hope 2:1-6 Judgment on Arrogance and Idolatry 2:7-22 Judgment on Jerusalem's Leaders and Social Order 3:1-4:1 The Branch and the Renewal of Zion 4:2-6 The Song of the Vineyard: Israel's Failure 5:1-7 Woes to Israel and Coming Judgment 5:8-30 Isaiah's Vision and Commission 6:1-13 Ahaz, the Immanuel Sign, and Invasion 7:1-25 The Sign of Plunder and a Call to Courage 8:1-10 Trust the Lord, Not Alliances or Diviners 8:11-22 A Child Is Born: Promise of Peace 9:1-7 Israel's Arrogance and Coming Punishment 9:8-10:4 Assyria: Instrument of Judgment and Its Doom 10:5-19 The Remnant and the Fall of Assyria 10:20-34 The Righteous Branch and the Peaceable Kingdom 11:1-16 A Song of Praise for God's Salvation 12:1-6 Babylon's Doom and the Day of the Lord 13:1-14:23 God's Decree: Assyria Overthrown 14:24-27 Oracle Concerning Philistia and Promise to Zion 14:28-32 Lament for Moab 15:1-16:14 Judgment on Damascus and Northern Israel 17:1-14 A Message to Cush (Ethiopia) 18:1-7 Judgment on Egypt and Future Salvation 19:1-25 Isaiah's Sign against Egypt and Cush 20:1-6 Prophecy of Babylon's Fall (The Watchman's Report) 21:1-10 Oracle concerning Dumah: The Night Watchman's Lament 21:11-12 Oracle Against Arabia (Dedan and Kedar) 21:13-17 The Valley of Vision: Jerusalem's Fall and Leadership Change 22:1-25 Tyre's Fall and Future Restoration 23:1-18 The Lord's Universal Judgment and Final Reign 24:1-23 Praise for God's Triumph and Deliverance 25:1-12 Trust in God and Hope for Deliverance 26:1-21 The Slaying of Leviathan and Israel's Restoration 27:1-13 Woe to Ephraim and Judah: Drunkenness and Judgment 28:1-29 Woe to Ariel (Jerusalem) and Promise of Enlightenment 29:1-24 Rebuke for Seeking Egypt's Help; Call to Trust the Lord 30:1-33 Egypt Is No Help; The Lord Will Save Jerusalem 31:1-9 A Righteous King and Just Leadership 32:1-8 Call to Repentance and Promise of Renewal 32:9-20 A Plea for Deliverance and the Lord's Judgment 33:1-24 The Lord's Vengeance on the Nations (Edom) 34:1-17 The Glorious Restoration of the Redeemed 35:1-10 Sennacherib's Siege and Rabshakeh's Taunt 36:1-22 Hezekiah Seeks Isaiah; Rabshakeh's Threat 37:1-13 Hezekiah's Prayer and Isaiah's Assurance 37:14-20 God Delivers Jerusalem and Sennacherib's Defeat 37:21-38 Hezekiah's Illness, Prayer, and Recovery 38:1-22 Babylonian Envoys and the Announcement of Exile 39:1-8 Comfort for Zion and the Majesty of God 40:1-31 God Defends Israel Against the Nations and Idols 41:1-29 The Servant of the Lord: Covenant and Mission 42:1-9 A Call to Praise and God's Guidance for the Blind 42:10-17 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Resulting Judgment 42:18-25 Israel Redeemed: God's Sovereign Deliverer 43:1-13 The Lord Proclaims Redemption and Rebukes Israel 43:14-28 Israel Chosen and Blessed by the Spirit 44:1-5 The Folly of Idols and God's Uniqueness 44:6-23 God the Creator and the Call of Cyrus for Israel's Restoration 44:24-45:25 The God Who Carries and Redeems: Yahweh's Sovereignty over Idols 46:1-13 The Humbling of Babylon the Mistress 47:1-15 Israel's Stubbornness and God's Resolute Purpose 48:1-11 God's Sovereign 'I Am' and Call to Return 48:12-22 The Servant's Commission to Restore Israel and the Nations 49:1-8 Restoration and Promise to Gather Israel 49:9-26 The Servant's Suffering and Israel's Rejection 50:1-11 Comfort for Zion: Remember Abraham; God's Salvation 51:1-16 Awakening of Zion and Proclamation of Salvation 51:17-52:12 The Suffering Servant and Atonement 52:13-53:12 The Exalted Zion: Promise of Restoration and Protection 54:1-17 Invitation to Life and the Power of God's Word 55:1-13 Justice, Inclusion, and Sabbath Observance 56:1-8 Condemnation of Idolatry and Complacency 56:9-57:13 Restoration for the Humble and Promise of Peace 57:14-21 True Fasting: Justice, Mercy, and Sabbath Blessing 58:1-14 Sin's Consequences and God's Redeeming Intervention 59:1-21 The Glory and Gathering of Zion 60:1-22 The Year of the Lord's Favor and Joyful Restoration 61:1-11 Zion's Vindication and New Name 62:1-12 The Lord's Vengeance: Treading the Winepress 63:1-6 Remembering God's Mercy and Plea for Restoration 63:7-64:12 God's Grace to the Faithful and Judgment on the Rebellious 65:1-16 A New Creation: Joy and Peace 65:17-25 The Lord's Final Judgment and the New Creation 66:1-24

Jeremiah

The Call and Commission of Jeremiah 1:1-19 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Call to Repentance 2:1-3:5 Judah's Spiritual Adultery and Call to Return 3:6-4:4 The Coming Calamity on the Land 4:5-31 An Accusation against Jerusalem's Corruption 5:1-31 The Siege and Devastation of Jerusalem 6:1-30 The Temple Sermon: False Security Condemned 7:1-29 Violence and Corruption in the Land 7:30-8:3 Persistent Idolatry and Coming Punishment 8:4-9:26 The Folly of Idols 10:1-16 Judah's Flight and Jeremiah's Lament 10:17-22 A Prayer for Direction and Deliverance 10:23-25 The Broken Covenant and a Public Warning 11:1-17 Conspiracy against Jeremiah and God's Vindication 11:18-23 Jeremiah's Complaint to God 12:1-4 A Call to Endure and Judgment on Nations 12:5-17 The Linen Belt: Symbol of Judah's Humiliation 13:1-11 A Sign of Shame and Pronounced Judgment 13:12-14 A Lament of Shame and Imminent Disaster 13:15-27 Famine, False Prophets, and Divine Judgment 14:1-15:21 Symbolic Acts and the People's Sinfulness 16:1-17:18 Warning about Sabbath Violations 17:19-27 The Potter and the Broken Jar: Judgment on Jerusalem 18:1-19:15 Persecution by Pashhur the Priest 20:1-6 Jeremiah's Lament and Resolve 20:7-18 A Message to the Royal House: Doom for Jerusalem 21:1-14 Judgment on the Kings and Royal House 22:1-30 False Shepherds Condemned and a Righteous Branch Promised 23:1-8 Condemnation of False Prophets 23:9-32 The Lord Rebukes False Oracles 23:33-40 The Two Figs: Exile and Remnant 24:1-10 Seventy Years of Babylonian Dominion 25:1-14 The Cup of God's Wrath on the Nations 25:15-38 Jeremiah's Temple Address, Arrest, and Vindication 26:1-24 The Yoke of Babylon and Call to Submit 27:1-22 Hananiah's False Prophecy and Its Rebuke 28:1-17 Letter to the Exiles: Seek the Welfare of Babylon 29:1-23 Shemaiah's Letter and Its Condemnation 29:24-32 The Book of Comfort: Restoration and the New Covenant 30:1-31:40 Jeremiah Buys a Field: Faith and Hope in Captivity 32:1-44 Promise of Restoration and the Davidic Covenant 33:1-26 Zedekiah's Appeal and Jeremiah's Warning 34:1-7 Breach of Covenant and Punishment for Oppression 34:8-22 The Rechabites' Fidelity as a Rebuke to Judah 35:1-19 Baruch Writes Jeremiah's Words and the Scroll Is Burned 36:1-32 Jeremiah Imprisoned during the Siege of Jerusalem 37:1-21 Jeremiah Cast into a Cistern 38:1-13 Ebed‑Melech Rescues Jeremiah; Zedekiah's Failure 38:14-28 The Fall of Jerusalem and Jeremiah's Release 39:1-18 Gedaliah Appointed Governor and Jeremiah's Choice 40:1-6 Assassination of Gedaliah and the Terror in Judah 40:7-41:15 Rejection of Jeremiah's Counsel and Flight to Egypt 41:16-43:13 The Jews in Egypt: Idolatry and Condemnation 44:1-30 A Word to Baruch: Encouragement and Warning 45:1-5 Oracles against Egypt 46:1-28 Judgment on the Philistines 47:1-7 Judgment on Moab 48:1-47 Judgment on Ammon 49:1-6 Judgment on Edom 49:7-22 Judgment on Damascus and Aram 49:23-27 Destruction of Kedar and the Nomads 49:28-33 Judgment on Elam and Future Restoration 49:34-39 Judgment on Babylon and Its Final Fall 50:1-51:64 The Fall of Jerusalem and Zedekiah's Fate 52:1-30 Jehoiachin's Release from Babylonian Captivity 52:31-34

Lamentations

Jerusalem's Lament over Her Desolation 1:1-22 The Lord's Wrath and Zion's Destruction 2:1-22 Suffering and Hope in God's Steadfast Love 3:1-66 The Fall of Jerusalem and Widespread Famine 4:1-22 A Communal Plea for Mercy and Restoration 5:1-22

Ezekiel

The Vision of God's Glory and the Living Creatures 1:1-28 Ezekiel's Commission and the Eating of the Scroll 2:1-3:15 Ezekiel Appointed as Watchman and Made Speechless 3:16-27 Symbolic Acts of Siege and Judgment on Jerusalem 4:1-5:17 Judgment on Israel for Idolatry 6:1-14 The Day of the Lord: Impending Disaster 7:1-27 Visions of Temple Abominations 8:1-18 The Execution of Jerusalem's Wicked and the Marked Few 9:1-11 The Departure of God's Glory from the Temple 10:1-22 Condemnation of Jerusalem's Leaders 11:1-15 The Departure of God's Glory and Promise of Restoration 11:16-25 Signs of Exile and the Futility of False Hopes 12:1-28 Condemnation of False Prophets and Diviners 13:1-23 Elders' Idolatry and Its Consequences 14:1-11 Judgment on Nations and the Limits of Intercession 14:12-23 Jerusalem Portrayed as a Useless Vine 15:1-8 Jerusalem's Infidelity: Shame, Judgment, and Vindication 16:1-63 The Parable of the Two Eagles: Zedekiah's Folly 17:1-24 Individual Responsibility and the Call to Repentance 18:1-32 A Lament for Israel's Princes 19:1-14 Israel's History of Rebellion and Divine Judgment 20:1-29 Punishment for Profane Worship and Promise of Restoration 20:30-44 A Prophecy Against the Mountains of Israel 20:45-49 The Sword of the Lord: Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations 21:1-32 Jerusalem's Corruption and the Search for a Righteous Remnant 22:1-31 The Sisters' Harlotry: Samaria and Jerusalem Condemned 23:1-49 The Boiling Pot: Prophecy of Jerusalem's Siege 24:1-14 The Sign of Ezekiel's Wife's Death: Judgment and Changed Lament 24:15-27 Oracle Against Ammon 25:1-7 Oracles Against Moab and Seir 25:8-11 Judgment on the Philistines 25:12-14 Oracle Against Tyre 25:15-17 The Fall of Tyre Foretold 26:1-21 Lamentation for Tyre, the Merchant City 27:1-36 The Pride and Fall of Tyre's Ruler 28:1-19 Judgment on Sidon and Promise of Israel's Security 28:20-26 Egypt's Humiliation and Years of Desolation 29:1-21 The Day of the Lord Against Egypt and Its Allies 30:1-26 Egypt Compared to the Fallen Cedar: Pride and Doom 31:1-18 Lament for Egypt's Collapse and Descent into Sheol 32:1-32 The Watchman's Duty and Personal Responsibility 33:1-20 Report of Jerusalem's Fall and the People's Alarm 33:21-33 Condemnation of Bad Shepherds and Promise of a Good Shepherd 34:1-31 Judgment on Edom for Rejoicing over Israel 35:1-15 Promise of Israel's Restoration and Spiritual Renewal 36:1-38 The Valley of Dry Bones: National Revival 37:1-14 The Two Sticks: Unity of Israel and the Davidic Covenant 37:15-28 The Invasion of Gog and Its Defeat 38:1-39:29 Vision of the Future Temple: Introduction and Commission 40:1-4 Measurements of the Outer Court and Gateways 40:5-16 Courtyard Entrances and Portico Dimensions 40:17-19 Inner Court Entrances and Chambers 40:20-23 Vestibules and Side Entrance Specifications 40:24-27 Details of Inner Chambers and Gate Structure 40:28-37 Porches, Chambers, and Steps of the Temple Court 40:38-43 Priests' Chambers and the Prince's Quarters 40:44-47 The Inner Sanctuary and Holy Place Measurements 40:48-41:26 Priestly Chambers and the Inner Court Layout 42:1-20 The Return of God's Glory to the Temple 43:1-12 Altar Design and Sacrificial Regulations 43:13-27 Temple Gates, Priestly Roles, and Exclusions 44:1-31 Land Allotments and the Prince's Portion 45:1-12 Worship Regulations: Offerings, Festivals, and the Prince 45:13-46:24 The Life-Giving River Flowing from the Temple 47:1-12 Division of the Land and Inheritance Boundaries 47:13-23 Tribal Allotments in the Restored Land 48:1-29 The City Gates and the Name: 'The Lord Is There' 48:30-35

Daniel

Daniel and His Companions in Babylon 1:1-21 Daniel Prays for the King's Dream 2:1-23 The Statue Dream: Four Kingdoms and God's Kingdom 2:24-49 Faith Tested in the Fiery Furnace 3:1-30 Nebuchadnezzar's Dream of a Great Tree 4:1-18 Daniel's Counsel: A Call to Humble Repentance 4:19-27 Nebuchadnezzar's Humbling and Restoration 4:28-37 Belshazzar and the Writing on the Wall 5:1-31 Daniel in the Lions' Den 6:1-28 Vision of Four Beasts and the Son of Man 7:1-14 Interpretation: The Little Horn and Final Deliverance 7:15-28 Vision of the Ram and Goat and the Little Horn 8:1-14 Gabriel Explains the Vision to Daniel 8:15-27 Daniel's Prayer for Jerusalem 9:1-19 The Seventy Weeks Prophecy 9:20-27 A Heavenly Vision and Spiritual Conflict 10:1-11:1 Kings of the North and South: Wars and Persecution 11:2-35 The Willful King and His Doom 11:36-45 The Time of the End: Deliverance and Resurrection 12:1-13

Hosea

Hosea's Marriage and Symbolic Children 1:1-2:1 Israel Accused and Promised Restoration 2:2-23 Hosea Redeems His Unfaithful Wife 3:1-5 Israel's Corruption and Priestly Failure 4:1-19 Judgment on Leaders and Nation 5:1-15 Call to Repentance and Persistent Rebellion 6:1-7:16 Idolatry and Its Consequences 8:1-14 Exile Foretold and Judgment on Leaders 9:1-10:15 God's Compassion for Israel 11:1-11 Ephraim's Deceit and Call to Return 11:12-12:14 Ephraim's Destruction for Idolatry 13:1-16 Repentance and Promise of Restoration 14:1-9

Joel

The Locust Plague Devastates the Land 1:1-12 A Call to Lamentation and Fasting 1:13-20 The Alarm: The Day of the Lord Approaches 2:1-11 A Call to National Repentance 2:12-17 God's Promise to Restore the Harvest 2:18-27 The Outpouring of the Spirit and the Day of the Lord 2:28-32 The Judgment of the Nations in the Valley of Decision 3:1-16 Zion Restored and the Renewal of the Land 3:17-21

Amos

Judgment on the Nations and Judah 1:1-2:5 Israel Condemned for Social Injustice and Violence 2:6-16 Covenant Accountability and Certain Judgment 3:1-15 Ignored Warnings and Impending Judgment 4:1-13 A Lament and Call to Seek Justice 5:1-17 The Day of the Lord Is Darkness and Exile Foretold 5:18-27 Condemnation of the Complacent Elite 6:1-7 Judgment and National Downfall 6:8-14 Visions of Locusts, Fire, and the Plumb Line 7:1-9 Amos Confronts Amaziah; Judgment on the King's House 7:10-17 The End Has Come: Economic Oppression and Spiritual Famine 8:1-14 The Lord's Inescapable Judgment on Israel 9:1-10 Restoration: The Booth of David and Renewal of the Land 9:11-15

Obadiah

Oracle Against Edom: Judgment and Israel’s Restoration 1:1-21

Jonah

Jonah's Flight, the Storm, and the Great Fish 1:1-17 Jonah's Prayer from the Fish's Belly and Deliverance 2:1-10 Jonah Preaches in Nineveh; The City Repents 3:1-10 Jonah's Anger and God's Lesson of Compassion 4:1-11

Micah

The Lord Announces Judgment on Samaria 1:1-7 Lament Over the Desolation of Judah's Towns 1:8-16 Condemnation of Oppressors Who Covet Land 2:1-5 Rebuke of False Prophets and Complacent People 2:6-11 The Gathering of Jacob's Remnant 2:12-13 Condemnation of Corrupt Leaders and Prophets 3:1-12 The Mountain of the Lord and the Return of the Remnant 4:1-13 The Coming Shepherd from Bethlehem 5:1-5 Deliverance from Assyria and Judgment on Nations 5:6-15 God's Lawsuit and What the Lord Requires 6:1-8 Punishment for Social and Religious Corruption 6:9-16 A Prophet's Lament and Trust in God 7:1-7 Vindication and the Restoration of the Remnant 7:8-13 A Prayer for Restoration and God's Forgiving Mercy 7:14-20

Nahum

The Lord’s Judgment on Nineveh and Comfort for Judah 1:1-15 The Siege and Fall of Nineveh 2:1-13 Nineveh’s Wickedness and Doom 3:1-19

Habakkuk

The Prophet's Cry for Justice 1:1-4 God's Answer: Judgment by the Chaldeans 1:5-11 Questioning God's Justice and Watching for a Reply 1:12-2:1 The Written Vision, 'The Righteous Live by Faith,' and Woes on the Proud 2:2-20 A Prayer of Remembrance and Faithful Trust 3:1-19

Zephaniah

Superscription and Universal Judgment 1:1-3 Judgment on Judah and Jerusalem for Corruption 1:4-13 The Imminent Day of the Lord and Call to Repentance 1:14-2:3 Judgment on the Philistines and Promise to the Remnant 2:4-7 Condemnation of Moab and Ammon; Yahweh's Sovereignty Over the Nations 2:8-11 Judgment on Cush (Ethiopia) 2:12 The Fall of Nineveh and the Desolation of Assyria 2:13-15 Jerusalem's Guilt, Purification, and Promised Restoration 3:1-20

Haggai

The Call to Rebuild the Temple 1:1-15 Encouragement and Promise of the Temple's Glory 2:1-9 Cleansing, Holiness, and the Lord's Blessing 2:10-19 Zerubbabel Appointed as God's Signet 2:20-23

Zechariah

Call to Repentance and the Vision of Horsemen 1:1-17 The Horns and the Craftsmen: Judgment and Restoration 1:18-21 The Measuring Line and the Promise for Jerusalem 2:1-13 The Cleansing of Joshua the High Priest and the Promised Branch 3:1-10 The Lampstand, the Olive Trees, and Zerubbabel's Task 4:1-14 The Flying Scroll: Curse on Theft and Falsehood 5:1-4 The Basket and the Removal of Wickedness 5:5-11 The Four Chariots: God's Judgments Abroad 6:1-8 A Crown for the Priest and the Coming Branch 6:9-15 The Question of Fasting and a Call to Justice 7:1-14 Promises of Restoration and a Joyful Jerusalem 8:1-23 Oracle Concerning the Land of Hadrach 9:1 Judgment on Tyre and the Coastal Nations 9:2-8 The Coming Humble King and Israel's Return 9:9-13 The Lord's Triumph and Blessings on Zion 9:14-17 God's Power to Restore Israel and Judgment on Its Enemies 10:1-11:3 The Shepherd, the Two Staffs, and Israel's Rejection 11:4-17 Oracle Concerning Israel 12:1 God Will Defend Jerusalem Against the Nations 12:2-9 Mourning for the Pierced One and National Repentance 12:10-14 A Fountain of Cleansing and the End of False Prophets 13:1-6 The Struck Shepherd and the Purified Remnant 13:7-9 The Day of the Lord: Victory, Restoration, and Universal Worship 14:1-21

Malachi

God's Love for Jacob and Judgment on Edom 1:1-5 Priests Rebuked for Polluting the Offerings 1:6-14 Priests Condemned for Violating the Covenant 2:1-9 Faithlessness and Violation of the Marriage Covenant 2:10-16 Accusing God and the Coming Purifier 2:17-3:5 The Tithe Test and God's Promise to the Faithful 3:6-18 The Day of Judgment and the Coming of Elijah 4:1-6

Matthew

The Genealogy of Jesus 1:1-17 The Birth of Jesus Foretold to Joseph 1:18-25 The Visit of the Magi 2:1-12 Flight into Egypt and the Slaughter of the Innocents 2:13-18 Return to Nazareth 2:19-23 John the Baptist Prepares the Way 3:1-12 The Baptism of Jesus 3:13-17 The Temptation of Jesus 4:1-11 Jesus Begins His Galilean Ministry 4:12-17 Jesus Calls the First Disciples 4:18-22 Jesus Ministers Throughout Galilee 4:23-25 The Beatitudes 5:1-12 Salt and Light 5:13-16 Jesus and the Law 5:17-20 Teaching on Anger and Reconciliation 5:21-26 Teaching on Adultery and Lust 5:27-30 Teaching on Divorce 5:31-32 Teaching on Oaths and Honesty 5:33-37 Teaching on Retaliation and Generosity 5:38-42 Love Your Enemies 5:43-48 Giving to the Needy in Secret 6:1-4 Prayer and the Lord's Prayer 6:5-15 Teaching on Fasting 6:16-18 Treasures and Serving God 6:19-24 Do Not Worry 6:25-34 Do Not Judge 7:1-6 Ask, Seek, Knock and the Golden Rule 7:7-12 The Narrow and Wide Gates 7:13-14 Recognizing False Prophets 7:15-23 Parable of the Wise and Foolish Builders 7:24-29 Jesus Cleanses a Leper 8:1-4 The Faith of the Centurion 8:5-13 Jesus Heals Many and Fulfills Prophecy 8:14-17 The Cost of Discipleship 8:18-22 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:23-27 Healing of Two Demon-Possessed Men 8:28-34 Jesus Heals a Paralytic 9:1-8 Jesus Calls Matthew and Eats with Sinners 9:9-13 Fasting and the New Cloth and Wineskins 9:14-17 A Daughter Restored and a Woman Healed 9:18-26 Two Blind Men Healed and a Mute Man Restored 9:27-34 Jesus' Compassion and the Call for Workers 9:35-38 The Mission of the Twelve 10:1-42 John's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony about John 11:1-19 Woe to Unrepentant Cities 11:20-24 The Father's Revelation and Rest for the Weary 11:25-30 Sabbath Controversies: Grain and Healing 12:1-14 Jesus Heals and Fulfills Isaiah's Prophecy 12:15-21 Accusation, Blasphemy Against the Spirit, and the Heart's Fruit 12:22-37 The Sign of Jonah and the Unclean Spirit 12:38-45 Jesus Redefines Family 12:46-50 The Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 13:1-23 The Parable of the Weeds 13:24-30 The Mustard Seed and the Yeast 13:31-35 Explanation of the Weeds and End-Time Judgment 13:36-43 Treasure and Pearl: The Kingdom's Value 13:44-46 The Net and New and Old Treasures 13:47-52 Jesus Rejected at Nazareth 13:53-58 The Execution of John the Baptist 14:1-12 Feeding the Five Thousand 14:13-21 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals Many 14:22-36 Tradition, Purity, and the Canaanite Woman's Faith 15:1-28 Jesus Heals Many and Feeds the Four Thousand 15:29-39 Pharisees Demand a Sign 16:1-4 Warning About the Teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees 16:5-12 Peter's Confession: You Are the Christ 16:13-20 Jesus Foretells His Death and Discipleship 16:21-28 The Transfiguration 17:1-13 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy and a Second Prediction of Death 17:14-23 Payment of the Temple Tax 17:24-27 Humility and Care for Little Ones 18:1-9 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 18:10-14 Church Discipline and Prayer 18:15-20 Forgiveness and the Unforgiving Servant 18:21-35 Marriage, Divorce, and Children 19:1-15 The Rich Young Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 19:16-30 The Parable of the Laborers in the Vineyard 20:1-16 Jesus Predicts His Death and Resurrection 20:17-19 Request for Honor and Teaching on Servanthood 20:20-28 Two Blind Men Healed Near Jericho 20:29-34 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 21:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Heals 21:12-17 The Withered Fig Tree and Teaching on Faith 21:18-22 Jesus' Authority Challenged 21:23-27 The Parable of the Two Sons 21:28-32 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 21:33-46 The Parable of the Wedding Banquet 22:1-14 Question about Paying Taxes to Caesar 22:15-22 The Sadducees and the Resurrection 22:23-33 The Greatest Commandment 22:34-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees about the Messiah 22:41-46 Seven Woes on the Scribes and Pharisees 23:1-39 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of the End and the Temple's Destruction 24:1-35 The Olivet Discourse: Watchfulness and Judgment 24:36-51 The Parable of the Ten Virgins 25:1-13 The Parable of the Talents 25:14-30 The Final Judgment: Sheep and Goats 25:31-46 The Plot to Arrest Jesus 26:1-5 The Anointing at Bethany 26:6-13 Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus 26:14-16 The Last Supper 26:17-30 Jesus Predicts Peter's Denial 26:31-35 Prayer in Gethsemane 26:36-46 The Arrest of Jesus 26:47-56 Jesus Before the Sanhedrin 26:57-68 Peter's Denial and Repentance 26:69-75 Judas' Remorse and Suicide 27:1-10 Jesus Sentenced by Pilate 27:11-26 Jesus Mocked and Scourged 27:27-31 The Crucifixion and Mockery 27:32-44 The Death of Jesus 27:45-56 Jesus Is Buried 27:57-61 The Tomb Secured by the Authorities 27:62-66 The Resurrection: Women at the Tomb 28:1-10 The Guards' Report and the Chief Priests' Lie 28:11-15 The Great Commission 28:16-20

Mark

John the Baptist Prepares the Way 1:1-8 The Baptism and Temptation of Jesus 1:9-13 Jesus Begins His Ministry and Calls the First Disciples 1:14-20 Jesus Teaches with Authority and Casts Out an Unclean Spirit 1:21-28 Healings and Demons Cleansed at Simon's Home 1:29-34 Jesus Prays and Proclaims the Kingdom in Galilee 1:35-39 Healing of a Man with Leprosy 1:40-45 Forgiveness and Healing of a Paralytic 2:1-12 Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 2:13-17 Questions about Fasting; New Cloth and Wineskins 2:18-22 Sabbath Controversies: Grain, Healing, and Plot Against Jesus 2:23-3:6 Great Crowds Follow; Unclean Spirits Acknowledge Jesus 3:7-12 Jesus Appoints the Twelve Apostles 3:13-19 Accusations of Beelzebul and the Parable of the Strong Man 3:20-30 Jesus Redefines True Family 3:31-35 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 4:1-20 A Lamp, Measure, and the Principle of Growth 4:21-25 Parable of the Growing Seed 4:26-29 The Mustard Seed and the Kingdom's Growth 4:30-34 Jesus Calms the Storm 4:35-41 The Gerasene Demoniac Restored 5:1-20 A Woman Healed and Jairus' Daughter Raised 5:21-43 Jesus Rejected in His Hometown 6:1-6 Jesus Sends Out the Twelve 6:7-13 Herod, Herodias, and the Death of John the Baptist 6:14-29 Feeding of the Five Thousand 6:30-44 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals at Gennesaret 6:45-56 Tradition, Inner Purity, and What Truly Defiles 7:1-23 A Gentile Woman's Faith and the Healing at Tyre 7:24-30 Jesus Heals a Deaf Man Who Could Not Speak Clearly 7:31-37 Feeding the Four Thousand and the Pharisees' Demand for a Sign 8:1-13 Beware the Yeast of the Pharisees and Herod 8:14-21 Healing of a Blind Man at Bethsaida 8:22-26 Peter Confesses Jesus as the Christ 8:27-30 Jesus Predicts His Death and Calls Disciples to Take Up the Cross 8:31-9:1 The Transfiguration and the Return of Elijah 9:2-13 Healing of a Boy with an Unclean Spirit; Jesus Predicts His Passion Again 9:14-32 Who Is the Greatest? A Child as the Model of Service 9:33-37 Tolerance for Those Who Serve in Jesus' Name 9:38-41 Warnings about Causing Sin; Exhortations on Salt and Holiness 9:42-50 Jesus' Teaching on Divorce 10:1-12 Jesus Blesses Little Children 10:13-16 The Rich Young Man and the Cost of Discipleship 10:17-31 Jesus Again Predicts His Suffering, Death, and Resurrection 10:32-34 Ambition and Servanthood: The Way of True Greatness 10:35-45 Jesus Heals Blind Bartimaeus 10:46-52 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 11:1-11 Withered Fig Tree and the Cleansing of the Temple 11:12-19 Faith, Prayer, and the Call to Forgiveness 11:20-26 Religious Leaders Question Jesus' Authority 11:27-33 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 12:1-12 Render to Caesar: Taxes and Allegiance 12:13-17 Sadducees Challenge Resurrection; Jesus Teaches Eternal Life 12:18-27 The Greatest Commandment: Love God and Neighbor 12:28-34 Jesus Questions the Messiah and Warns Against Scribes 12:35-40 The Widow's Offering: True Generosity 12:41-44 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of Destruction and the End 13:1-31 No One Knows the Day: Be Watchful 13:32-37 Plot to Kill Jesus and the Anointing at Bethany 14:1-11 The Passover Meal and Institution of the Lord's Supper 14:12-26 Jesus Predicts the Disciples' Flight and Peter's Denial 14:27-31 Gethsemane: Jesus' Agony and Prayer 14:32-42 The Arrest of Jesus in Gethsemane 14:43-52 Jesus Before the Council 14:53-65 Peter's Denial and His Remorse 14:66-72 Jesus Before Pilate; Barabbas Released 15:1-15 The Soldiers Mock and Scourge Jesus 15:16-20 The Way of the Cross and the Crucifixion 15:21-32 Jesus' Death and the Centurion's Confession 15:33-41 The Burial of Jesus 15:42-47 The Resurrection: Women Find the Empty Tomb 16:1-8 Appearances of the Risen Lord and the Commission 16:9-20

Luke

Purpose and Order of the Gospel 1:1-4 Announcement of John the Baptist's Birth 1:5-25 The Annunciation to Mary 1:26-38 Mary Visits Elizabeth 1:39-45 Mary's Song (The Magnificat) 1:46-56 The Birth and Naming of John 1:57-66 Zechariah's Prophecy and John's Mission 1:67-80 The Birth of Jesus in Bethlehem 2:1-7 Angels Announce the Shepherds' Good News 2:8-20 Presentation in the Temple; Simeon and Anna 2:21-40 The Boy Jesus in the Temple 2:41-52 John the Baptist's Call to Repentance 3:1-20 The Baptism and Genealogy of Jesus 3:21-38 Jesus Tested in the Wilderness 4:1-13 Rejection at Nazareth 4:14-30 Authority over Unclean Spirits in Capernaum 4:31-37 Healings and Preaching in Galilee 4:38-44 The Call of the First Disciples 5:1-11 Healing a Man with Leprosy 5:12-16 A Paralytic Forgiven and Healed 5:17-26 The Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 5:27-32 Questions about Fasting; New Wine and Old Wineskins 5:33-39 Lord of the Sabbath and a Sabbath Healing 6:1-11 The Appointment of the Twelve Apostles 6:12-16 The Sermon on the Plain: Blessings and Woes 6:17-26 Love Your Enemies and Be Merciful 6:27-36 Judging Others and the Speck and Log 6:37-42 A Tree and Its Fruit: True Character Revealed 6:43-45 The Wise and Foolish Builders 6:46-49 The Faith of the Centurion 7:1-10 Raising the Widow's Son at Nain 7:11-17 John the Baptist's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony 7:18-35 A Sinful Woman Forgiven 7:36-50 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 8:1-15 Lighted Lamp and Hearing the Word 8:16-18 Jesus Redefines His Family 8:19-21 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:22-25 Healing the Gerasene Demoniac 8:26-39 Jairus' Daughter Raised and a Woman Healed 8:40-56 The Twelve Sent Out 9:1-9 Feeding the Five Thousand 9:10-17 Peter's Confession and the Way of the Cross 9:18-27 The Transfiguration 9:28-36 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy; A Second Passion Prediction 9:37-45 Who Is Greatest and a Servant's Ministry 9:46-50 Jesus Resolves for Jerusalem; Samaritan Rejection 9:51-56 The Cost of Discipleship 9:57-62 The Seventy Sent Out and Their Return 10:1-24 The Good Samaritan 10:25-37 Mary and Martha: Choosing the Better Part 10:38-42 The Lord's Prayer and Persistent Prayer 11:1-13 Jesus, Beelzebul, and True Blessedness 11:14-28 Demand for a Sign; Jonah and the Queen of the South 11:29-32 The Light of the Body and Inner Purity 11:33-36 Woes to the Pharisees and Lawyers 11:37-54 Warnings against Hypocrisy and Confession before Men 12:1-12 The Parable of the Rich Fool 12:13-21 Do Not Worry; Seek God's Kingdom 12:22-34 Watchfulness and Faithful Stewardship 12:35-48 Division Caused by Christ 12:49-53 Interpreting the Times and Settling with Adversaries 12:54-59 Call to Repentance and the Barren Fig Tree 13:1-9 Healing on the Sabbath and Jesus' Rebuke 13:10-17 Parables of the Mustard Seed and Yeast 13:18-21 The Narrow Door and the Cost of Entry 13:22-30 Jesus Laments over Jerusalem 13:31-35 Healing at a Pharisee's House and Humility at the Table 14:1-14 Parable of the Great Banquet 14:15-24 The Cost of Following Jesus; Salt and Saltiness 14:25-35 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 15:1-7 The Parable of the Lost Coin 15:8-10 The Parable of the Prodigal Son 15:11-32 The Shrewd Manager and Teaching on Wealth 16:1-15 Law, the Kingdom, and Divorce 16:16-18 The Rich Man and Lazarus 16:19-31 Teachings on Temptation, Forgiveness, and Duty 17:1-10 Healing of the Ten Lepers 17:11-19 The Coming of the Kingdom and End-Time Sayings 17:20-37 Parable of the Persistent Widow 18:1-8 Parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector 18:9-14 Jesus Blesses Little Children 18:15-17 The Rich Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 18:18-30 Jesus Predicts His Death Again 18:31-34 Healing of Blind Bartimaeus 18:35-43 Zacchaeus: Salvation Comes to His House 19:1-10 Parable of the Ten Minas 19:11-27 Triumphal Entry and Lament over Jerusalem 19:28-44 Cleansing the Temple and Teaching 19:45-48 Jesus' Authority Challenged 20:1-8 Parable of the Wicked Tenants 20:9-19 Paying Taxes to Caesar 20:20-26 Question about the Resurrection 20:27-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees; Warnings against Hypocrisy 20:41-47 The Widow's Offering 21:1-4 The Destruction of the Temple and Signs of the End 21:5-38 The Plot to Kill Jesus and Judas' Agreement 22:1-6 The Last Supper and Predictions of Denial 22:7-38 Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane 22:39-46 Jesus Arrested 22:47-53 Peter's Denial Fulfilled 22:54-62 Jesus Mocked and Beaten 22:63-65 Jesus before the Council and Pilate; Sentencing 22:66-23:25 The Way of the Cross and the Penitent Thief 23:26-43 The Death of Jesus and the Centurion's Confession 23:44-49 The Burial of Jesus 23:50-56 The Empty Tomb and the Women's Report 24:1-12 The Road to Emmaus and Recognition of the Risen Lord 24:13-35 Jesus Appears to the Disciples and Explains Scripture 24:36-49 The Ascension and the Disciples' Worship 24:50-53

John

The Word Became Flesh 1:1-18 John the Baptist's Witness 1:19-28 Behold the Lamb of God 1:29-34 The First Disciples and Simon Peter 1:35-42 Calling of Philip and Nathanael 1:43-51 The Wedding at Cana: Water Made Wine 2:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Speaks of His Body 2:12-25 Nicodemus and the New Birth 3:1-21 John the Baptist Exalts Jesus 3:22-36 Jesus and the Samaritan Woman at the Well 4:1-26 The Harvest Is Ready 4:27-38 Samaritans Believe in Jesus 4:39-42 Healing of the Royal Official's Son 4:43-54 Jesus Heals at Bethesda 5:1-15 Jesus Claims Authority Over Life and Judgment 5:16-30 Witnesses to Jesus and Israel's Unbelief 5:31-47 Feeding the Five Thousand 6:1-15 Jesus Walks on the Sea 6:16-24 Jesus the Bread of Life 6:25-59 Many Turn Away; Peter's Confession 6:60-71 Jesus Stays Away from Judea 7:1-13 Jesus Teaches at the Festival 7:14-24 Growing Division Over Jesus 7:25-44 Temple Officers and the Adulterous Woman 7:45-8:11 Jesus the Light and His Claim 8:12-30 True Discipleship and Freedom 8:31-41 Jesus' Divine Origin and Opposition 8:42-47 Jesus' 'I Am' and Preexistence 8:48-59 Healing of a Man Born Blind 9:1-12 Controversy with the Pharisees over the Healing 9:13-34 Spiritual Sight and Blindness 9:35-41 The Good Shepherd and His Sheep 10:1-21 Feast of Dedication and Controversy over Jesus 10:22-42 Lazarus' Sickness and Jesus' Intention 11:1-16 Jesus Weeps at Lazarus' Tomb 11:17-37 Jesus Raises Lazarus from the Dead 11:38-44 Plot to Kill Jesus and Caiaphas' Counsel 11:45-57 Mary Anoints Jesus; Plot to Kill Lazarus 12:1-11 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 12:12-19 Greeks Seek Jesus; He Predicts His Death 12:20-36 Unbelief and Jesus' Final Appeal 12:37-50 Jesus Washes the Disciples' Feet 13:1-17 The Prediction of Judas' Betrayal 13:18-30 The New Commandment and Peter's Denial 13:31-38 Jesus Promises a Place in the Father's House 14:1-4 Jesus the Way to the Father 14:5-14 Promise of the Holy Spirit and Peace 14:15-31 The Vine and the Command to Love 15:1-17 The World's Hatred and the Cost of Discipleship 15:18-16:4 The Holy Spirit's Work 16:5-16 Sorrow Turned to Joy; Peace in Christ 16:17-33 The Son's Prayer for Glory 17:1-5 Prayer for the Disciples' Protection and Sanctification 17:6-19 Prayer for Unity Among Believers 17:20-26 Jesus Arrested in Gethsemane 18:1-11 Jesus Brought to Annas 18:12-14 Peter's First Denial 18:15-18 Jesus Questioned and Struck Before the High Priest 18:19-24 Peter Denies Jesus Three Times 18:25-27 Jesus Before Pilate 18:28-40 Jesus Scourged, Mocked, and Sentenced to Crucifixion 19:1-16 The Crucifixion and Jesus' Care for His Mother 19:17-27 Jesus' Death and the Fulfillment of Scripture 19:28-37 Jesus' Burial 19:38-42 The Empty Tomb Discovered 20:1-9 Mary Magdalene Meets the Risen Lord 20:10-18 Jesus Appears to His Disciples and Breathes the Spirit 20:19-23 Thomas Believes; Purpose of John's Gospel 20:24-31 The Miraculous Catch and Breakfast by the Sea 21:1-14 Peter Reinstated and the Beloved Disciple 21:15-25

Acts

The Ascension of Jesus 1:1-11 Prayer in the Upper Room and the Choosing of Matthias 1:12-26 Pentecost: The Coming of the Spirit 2:1-13 Peter's Sermon and Three Thousand Converted 2:14-41 The Early Christian Community 2:42-47 Healing at the Beautiful Gate 3:1-10 Peter's Address at Solomon's Colonnade 3:11-26 The Apostles Before the Sanhedrin 4:1-22 Believers Pray for Boldness 4:23-31 The Believers Share Possessions 4:32-37 Ananias and Sapphira 5:1-11 Signs Performed by the Apostles 5:12-16 Persecution of the Apostles and Their Witness 5:17-42 The Appointment of the Seven Deacons 6:1-7 Stephen's Wisdom and Opposition 6:8-15 Stephen's Speech before the Sanhedrin 7:1-53 The Stoning of Stephen and the Persecution of the Church 7:54-8:1 Saul's Persecution Scatters the Church 8:2-3 Philip Proclaims Christ in Samaria 8:4-8 Simon Magus and Peter's Rebuke 8:9-25 Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch 8:26-40 The Conversion of Saul 9:1-19 Saul's Early Ministry and Acceptance by the Church 9:20-31 Peter Heals Aeneas and Raises Tabitha 9:32-43 Cornelius' Vision and the Call for Peter 10:1-8 Peter's Vision and the Messengers from Cornelius 10:9-23 Peter at Cornelius' House: Gentiles Receive the Spirit 10:24-48 Peter Defends the Conversion of Gentiles 11:1-18 The Church in Antioch and Famine Relief 11:19-30 Herod Executes James; Peter Miraculously Freed 12:1-19 Herod's Death and the Church's Continued Growth 12:20-25 The First Missionary Sending 13:1-3 Ministry in Cyprus and Elymas's Blinding 13:4-12 Paul's Mission in Pisidian Antioch 13:13-52 Paul and Barnabas in Iconium 14:1-7 Healing in Lystra and Paul's Stoning 14:8-20 Paul and Barnabas Strengthen the Churches 14:21-28 The Jerusalem Council on Gentile Circumcision 15:1-21 The Council's Letter and Peace with Antioch 15:22-35 Paul and Barnabas Separate 15:36-41 Timothy Joins Paul and Churches Are Strengthened 16:1-5 The Call to Macedonia 16:6-10 Lydia's Conversion at Philippi 16:11-15 Paul and Silas Imprisoned and Released in Philippi 16:16-40 Preaching in Thessalonica and Opposition 17:1-9 Berea's Noble Reception and Paul's Departure 17:10-15 Paul's Address at the Areopagus 17:16-34 Paul's Ministry in Corinth and Conflict 18:1-17 Paul Departs; Apollos Instructed by Priscilla and Aquila 18:18-28 Paul's Ministry and the Ephesian Disciples 19:1-22 The Ephesian Riot over Artemis 19:23-41 Paul's Journeys Through Macedonia and Greece 20:1-6 Eutychus Raised in Troas 20:7-12 Paul's Farewell to the Ephesian Elders 20:13-38 Paul's Voyage to Jerusalem 21:1-16 Paul's Arrival in Jerusalem and the Temple Ritual 21:17-26 Paul Seized in the Temple 21:27-36 Paul's Defense: His Conversion and Mission 21:37-22:21 Paul's Arrest and the Council's Division 22:22-23:11 The Plot to Kill Paul and the Soldier's Intervention 23:12-22 Paul Escorted to Caesarea under Guard 23:23-35 Paul's Defense before Governor Felix 24:1-27 Paul Brought before Festus and the Jewish Charges 25:1-12 King Agrippa Learns of Paul's Case 25:13-22 Paul's Defense Before Agrippa 25:23-26:32 Paul's Voyage to Rome Begins 27:1-12 The Storm at Sea and God's Promise of Safety 27:13-26 Shipwreck and Deliverance on Malta 27:27-44 Paul on Malta: Healing and Hospitality 28:1-10 Voyage to Rome and Arrival 28:11-16 Paul in Rome: Preaching under House Arrest 28:17-31

Romans

Paul's Greeting and the Gospel's Power 1:1-17 God's Wrath Against Ungodliness 1:18-32 God's Impartial Judgment and Conscience 2:1-16 The Law, True Circumcision, and Jewish Identity 2:17-29 Israel's Advantage and God's Faithfulness 3:1-8 Universal Sinfulness and the Law's Condemnation 3:9-20 Righteousness Through Faith and Justification 3:21-31 Abraham: Justification by Faith 4:1-25 Peace with God and Reconciliation 5:1-11 Adam and Christ: Death, Grace, and Righteousness 5:12-21 Dead to Sin, Alive in Christ 6:1-14 Slavery to Sin or to Righteousness 6:15-23 Released from the Law to Serve in the Spirit 7:1-6 The Inner Conflict: Law, Sin, and the Flesh 7:7-25 Life in the Spirit: Freedom and Adoption 8:1-17 Future Glory and the Spirit's Intercession 8:18-27 Assurance of God's Love: Nothing Can Separate Us 8:28-39 Paul's Sorrow and God's Sovereign Election 9:1-29 Righteousness by Faith and Israel's Unbelief 9:30-10:21 A Remnant Preserved and Israel's Hardening 11:1-10 Gentiles Grafted In and a Warning Against Boasting 11:11-24 The Mystery of Israel's Salvation and God's Mercy 11:25-32 Doxology: Praise for God's Wisdom and Sovereignty 11:33-36 A Living Sacrifice and the Diversity of Gifts 12:1-8 Christian Conduct: Love, Humility, and Ethical Duties 12:9-21 Submission to Authorities and Civic Duty 13:1-7 Love Fulfills the Law; Walk in the Light 13:8-14 Christian Liberty, Conscience, and Mutual Acceptance 14:1-15:13 Paul's Service to the Gentiles and Missionary Ambition 15:14-22 Paul's Travel Plans and Prayer Requests 15:23-33 Personal Greetings, Final Warnings, and Doxology 16:1-27

1 Corinthians

Paul's Greeting and Thanksgiving for God's Faithfulness 1:1-9 Appeal for Unity in the Church 1:10-17 The Wisdom of the Cross versus Worldly Wisdom 1:18-2:5 Spiritual Wisdom and the Mind of Christ 2:6-16 Spiritual Immaturity, Ministry, and God's Building 3:1-23 Paul's Ministry and the Lord's Authority 4:1-21 Church Discipline for Immorality 5:1-13 Do Not Litigate among Believers; Lives Transformed 6:1-11 The Body as Temple: Flee Sexual Immorality 6:12-20 Marriage, Singleness, and Conjugal Duties 7:1-40 Christian Liberty and the Weak Conscience 8:1-13 Paul's Rights, Mission Strategy, and Self‑Discipline 9:1-27 Warnings from Israel's Example: Avoid Idolatry and Temptation 10:1-13 Warning against Idolatry and Shared Participation 10:14-22 Christian Liberty for Edification; Imitate Christ 10:23-11:1 Headship and Head Coverings in Worship 11:2-16 Correction of Abuses at the Lord's Supper 11:17-34 Spiritual Gifts and the Church as One Body 12:1-31 The Supremacy of Love 13:1-13 Prophecy, Tongues, and Edifying Worship 14:1-25 Guidelines for Orderly Worship 14:26-40 The Gospel of Christ's Resurrection and Paul's Witness 15:1-11 The Necessity and Implications of the Resurrection 15:12-34 The Resurrection Body and Victory over Death 15:35-58 Collection for the Jerusalem Saints 16:1-4 Paul's Travel Plans and Commendations 16:5-18 Final Greetings, Exhortations, and Benediction 16:19-24

2 Corinthians

God's Comfort and Deliverance in Affliction 1:1-11 Paul's Defense of His Integrity and Concern 1:12-2:4 Forgiveness and Restoration of the Offender 2:5-11 Paul's Apostolic Authority and Ministry by the Spirit 2:12-3:6 From the Veil to the Glory: The Ministry of the Spirit 3:7-18 Treasure in Jars of Clay: Perseverance in Ministry 4:1-18 Our Eternal Dwelling and Accountability to Christ 5:1-10 The Ministry of Reconciliation and the Call to Receive Grace 5:11-6:2 Paul's Hardships and Open Hearts 6:3-13 Do Not Be Unequally Yoked: A Call to Holiness 6:14-7:1 Godly Sorrow and Joy over Their Repentance 7:2-16 The Example and Principle of Generous Giving 8:1-15 Delegation and Preparation for the Relief Collection 8:16-9:5 Cheerful Giving and God's Abundant Provision 9:6-15 Paul's Apostolic Authority and Spiritual Warfare 10:1-18 Paul's Jealousy for Christ and the Deception of False Apostles 11:1-15 Paul's Hardships as Apostolic Credentials 11:16-33 Paul's Revelations and the Thorn: Strength in Weakness 12:1-10 Paul's Concern for Corinth and Warning of Discipline 12:11-21 Final Admonition: Test Yourselves and Repent 13:1-10 Final Greetings and Benediction 13:11-14

Galatians

Paul's Greeting and Defense of the Gospel 1:1-10 Paul's Divine Call and Conversion 1:11-24 Paul and the Jerusalem Apostles Confirm the Gospel 2:1-10 Paul Rebukes Peter; Justification by Faith 2:11-21 Faith in Christ, Not the Law 3:1-14 The Law's Temporary Role and the Promise 3:15-25 Adoption as God's Children through Faith 3:26-4:7 Paul's Personal Appeal and Warning 4:8-20 Hagar and Sarah: Two Covenants Allegory 4:21-31 Freedom in Christ and Warning against Legalism 5:1-15 Live by the Spirit and Bear Its Fruit 5:16-26 Restore the Fallen and Sow to the Spirit 6:1-10 Final Appeal and Boast in the Cross 6:11-18

Ephesians

Spiritual Blessings in Christ 1:1-14 Prayer for Wisdom and Christ's Exaltation 1:15-23 From Death to Life by Grace 2:1-10 One New Humanity: Reconciliation in Christ 2:11-22 The Mystery Revealed: Paul's Ministry to the Gentiles 3:1-13 Prayer for Strength and Knowledge of Christ's Love 3:14-21 Unity and Maturity in the Body of Christ 4:1-16 Living as a New Creation: Ethical Exhortations 4:17-5:21 Marriage: Christ and the Church 5:22-33 Children and Parents: Duties in the Home 6:1-4 Servants and Masters: Mutual Duties 6:5-9 Spiritual Warfare: The Armor of God 6:10-20 Final Greetings and Benediction 6:21-24

Philippians

Paul's Greeting and Prayer for the Church 1:1-11 The Gospel Advances Despite Paul's Imprisonment 1:12-30 Christ's Humility and Exaltation 2:1-11 Work Out Your Salvation and Shine as Lights 2:12-18 Timothy and Epaphroditus: Examples of Faithful Service 2:19-30 No Confidence in the Flesh; Righteousness in Christ 3:1-11 Pressing Toward the Heavenly Goal; Stand Firm 3:12-4:1 Unity, Rejoicing, Prayer, and Right Thinking 4:2-9 Paul's Thanks for Support and God's Provision 4:10-20 Final Greetings and Benediction 4:21-23

Colossians

Greeting, Thanksgiving, and Prayer for Spiritual Strength 1:1-14 The Supremacy of Christ and Reconciliation 1:15-23 Paul’s Suffering and the Mystery of Christ for the Church 1:24-2:5 Fullness in Christ and Warnings against Human Traditions 2:6-23 Seek the Things Above and Put on the New Self 3:1-17 Instructions for Christian Households 3:18-4:1 Devote Yourselves to Prayer; Wise and Gracious Conduct 4:2-6 Final Greetings and Personal Commendations 4:7-18

1 Thessalonians

Thanksgiving for Their Faith and Witness 1:1-10 Paul's Integrity in Ministry and the Church's Persecution 2:1-16 Paul's Longing, Timothy's Mission, and Concern for the Church 2:17-3:5 Timothy's Encouraging Report and Paul's Prayer for Strength and Love 3:6-13 Instructions for Holy Living: Purity, Love, and Work 4:1-12 The Coming of the Lord: Hope for the Dead and Call to Watchfulness 4:13-5:11 Final Exhortations on Church Life and Closing Benediction 5:12-28

2 Thessalonians

Perseverance in Persecution and God's Righteous Judgment 1:1-12 The Man of Lawlessness and the Day of the Lord 2:1-12 God's Calling, Sanctification, and Encouragement to Stand Firm 2:13-17 Prayers for the Gospel and the Lord's Strength 3:1-5 Discipline for the Idle and the Call to Work 3:6-15 The Lord of Peace and Paul's Final Greeting 3:16-18

1 Timothy

Paul's Greeting and the Purpose of the Law Against False Teaching 1:1-11 Paul's Testimony and the Reproof of Apostates 1:12-20 Prayers for All and Conduct in Worship 2:1-15 Qualifications for Church Leaders and the Mystery of Godliness 3:1-16 Warning Against False Teaching and Exhortation to Godly Living 4:1-16 Honor and Care: Elders, Widows, and Community Conduct 5:1-6:2 Rejecting False Teaching and the Dangers of Loving Money 6:3-10 Charge to Timothy: Pursue Godliness and Guard the Faith 6:11-21

2 Timothy

Be Strong in Grace and Guard the Gospel 1:1-2:13 Rightly Handling the Message and Gentle Correction 2:14-26 Perilous Times and the Rise of False Teachers 3:1-9 Paul's Example, the Authority of Scripture, and the Charge to Preach 3:10-4:8 Personal Commendations, Desertion, and Divine Deliverance 4:9-18 Final Greetings and a Benediction 4:19-22

Titus

Qualifications for Elders and Rebuke of False Teachers 1:1-16 Exhortations to Godly Living and Sound Doctrine 2:1-15 Good Works, Salvation by God's Mercy, and Warnings Against Division 3:1-11 Personal Instructions, Final Requests, and Closing Greetings 3:12-15

Philemon

Greeting and Thanksgiving for Philemon's Faith and Love 1:1-7 Paul's Appeal for Onesimus' Acceptance and Reconciliation 1:8-25

Hebrews

The Supremacy of the Son 1:1-14 Warning Against Neglecting Salvation 2:1-4 The Incarnate Son and the Salvation of Humanity 2:5-18 Christ Superior to Moses 3:1-6 Warning from Israel’s Example: Beware Unbelief 3:7-19 God’s Rest and the Danger of Unbelief 4:1-13 Jesus the Great High Priest 4:14-5:10 Warning Against Spiritual Immaturity 5:11-6:12 God’s Oath and Our Hope, the Anchor of the Soul 6:13-20 Melchizedek and Abraham’s Tithe 7:1-10 The Superior Priesthood of Christ after Melchizedek 7:11-28 The New Covenant and Christ’s Heavenly Ministry 8:1-13 The Earthly Tabernacle and Its Rituals 9:1-10 Christ’s Once-for-All Sacrifice in the Heavenly Sanctuary 9:11-28 Christ’s Perfect Sacrifice and Call to Persevere 10:1-39 The Hall of Faith: Heroes of Faith 11:1-40 Run with Endurance: God’s Disciplining Love 12:1-13 Pursue Holiness: Fearful Judgment and the Heavenly Zion 12:14-29 Final Exhortations and Benediction 13:1-25

James

Trials, Wisdom, and the Source of Good Gifts 1:1-18 Hearing, Doing, and Pure Religion 1:19-27 Impartiality and the Royal Law 2:1-13 Faith and Works: Living Faith 2:14-26 The Power and Danger of the Tongue 3:1-12 Earthly Wisdom versus Heavenly Wisdom 3:13-18 Quarrels, Covetousness, and Humility 4:1-12 Boasting About Tomorrow 4:13-17 A Warning to Wealthy Oppressors 5:1-6 Patience in Suffering and the Lord’s Coming 5:7-12 Prayer, Healing, and Restoring the Erring 5:13-20

1 Peter

A Living Hope and the Certainty of Salvation 1:1-12 Called to Holiness and Spiritual Growth 1:13-2:3 Christ the Living Stone and a Chosen People 2:4-12 Submission to Authorities and Christ’s Example in Suffering 2:13-25 Wives and Husbands: Mutual Honor and Conduct 3:1-7 Suffering for Righteousness, Christ’s Victory, and Baptism 3:8-22 Living for God: Love, Service, and Stewardship of Gifts 4:1-11 Persevering in Suffering and Entrusting Oneself to God 4:12-19 Shepherding the Flock, Humility, and Standing Firm 5:1-11 Conclusion: Final Exhortation and Greetings 5:12-14

2 Peter

Pursue Christian Virtue and Assured Calling 1:1-11 Eyewitness Testimony and the Truth of Prophecy 1:12-21 The Danger and Judgment of False Teachers 2:1-22 The Day of the Lord and Call to Godly Living 3:1-18

1 John

The Word of Life and Fellowship 1:1-4 Life in the Light: Sin, Forgiveness, and Love 1:5-2:14 Warning Against Loving the World 2:15-17 Antichrists and the Anointing of Truth 2:18-27 Abiding in Christ: Children of God and Righteous Living 2:28-3:10 The Command to Love: Evidence of True Faith 3:11-24 Testing Spirits: Confess Christ and Reject Deception 4:1-6 God Is Love: The Source and Command of Love 4:7-21 Faith in the Son of God: Overcoming and Eternal Life 5:1-12 Assurance of Eternal Life and Warnings Against Sin 5:13-21

2 John

Truth and Love; Warning Against Deceivers 1:1-13

3 John

John's Commendation of Gaius and Rebuke of Diotrephes 1:1-15

Jude

Appeal to Defend the Faith and Condemnation of False Teachers 1:1-16 Exhortations to Persevere, Pray, and Show Mercy 1:17-23 Doxology: God’s Power to Preserve 1:24-25

Revelation

The Revelation Announced and the Blessing 1:1-3 Greeting and the Lord's Self‑Declaration 1:4-8 John's Vision of the Glorified Son of Man 1:9-20 Letter to Ephesus: Faithfulness and the Call to Repent 2:1-7 Letter to Smyrna: Persecution and the Crown of Life 2:8-11 Letter to Pergamum: Fidelity and False Teaching 2:12-17 Letter to Thyatira: Tolerance of Immorality and Promise to Overcomers 2:18-29 Letter to Sardis: Wakefulness and Repentance 3:1-6 Letter to Philadelphia: An Open Door and a Promise of Protection 3:7-13 Letter to Laodicea: Lukewarmness and the Call to Repent 3:14-22 The Throne in Heaven and Heavenly Worship 4:1-11 The Sealed Scroll and the Worthy Lamb 5:1-14 The Six Seals: Tribulation and Cosmic Disturbance 6:1-17 The Sealing of the 144,000 7:1-8 The Multitude Before the Throne: Salvation and Comfort 7:9-17 The Seventh Seal and the Prayers of the Saints 8:1-5 The Trumpet Judgments: Plagues and Woes 8:6-9:21 The Mighty Angel and the Little Scroll 10:1-11 The Two Witnesses: Prophecy, Death, and Resurrection 11:1-14 The Seventh Trumpet: God's Kingdom Proclaimed and the Temple Opened 11:15-19 The Cosmic Conflict: The Woman, the Dragon, and the Male Child 12:1-13:1 The Sea Beast: Blasphemy and Persecution 13:2-10 The Earth Beast and the Mark of the Beast 13:11-18 The Lamb on Mount Zion and the 144,000 14:1-5 The Three Angels' Messages and the Call to Endure 14:6-13 The Harvest of the Earth: Reaping God's Judgment 14:14-20 The Seven Last Plagues and the Victors' Song 15:1-8 The Bowl Judgments: The Seven Bowls of God's Wrath 16:1-21 The Fall of Babylon the Great and the Beast's Doom 17:1-18:24 Heavenly Praise and the Marriage of the Lamb 19:1-10 Christ's Triumphant Return and the Defeat of the Beast 19:11-21 Satan Bound and the Reign of the Saints 20:1-6 Satan's Final Rebellion and Defeat 20:7-10 The Great White Throne and the Final Judgment 20:11-15 The New Heaven and New Earth and the New Jerusalem 21:1-27 The River of Life and the Throne of God 22:1-6
1 Woe to the crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim, and the faded blossom, the splendor of his glory that rests on the head of the fertile valley—those reeling with wine!

Isa.28.1 - Details

Translation

Woe to the crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim, and the faded blossom, the splendor of his glory that rests on the head of the fertile valley—those reeling with wine!

Original Text

הוי עטרת גאות שכרי אפרים וציץ נבל צבי תפארתו אשר על־ ראש גיא־ שמנים הלומי יין׃

Morphology

  • הוי: INTJ
  • עטרת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • גאות: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • שכרי: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1cs
  • אפרים: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וציץ: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נבל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • צבי: NOUN,m,sg,cs
  • תפארתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • על: PREP
  • ראש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • גיא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שמנים: NUM,card,pl,m,abs
  • הלומי: ADJ,ptc,qal,m,pl,abs
  • יין: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Isaiah 28:7 (verbal): Same chapter: condemns priests/prophets who err and reel from strong drink—continues the motif of drunkenness and impaired leadership introduced in 28:1.
  • Isaiah 5:11 (thematic): Woe-oracle against those who pursue strong drink (
  • Amos 6:1-6 (thematic): Denounces the complacent elites of Samaria/Israel for lavishness, feasting, and drunken ease—parallels Ephraim's pride, luxury, and intoxication in 28:1.
  • Hosea 4:11 (allusion): Specifically indicts Ephraim for sexual corruption and wine ("whoredom and wine take away the heart"), echoing the pattern of Ephraim's moral failure and intoxication found in Isaiah 28:1.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, and to the fading flower, the glory of his beauty, that sits upon the head of the fertile valley—those overcome by wine.
  • Woe to the crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim, and to the fading flower of his glorious splendor, who sit upon the head of the valley of fatness, stricken by wine.
2 Behold, the LORD has a mighty and strong one; like a tempest of hail, like a destroying storm, like rushing mighty waters that he lays upon the earth by his hand.

Isa.28.2 - Details

Translation

Behold, the LORD has a mighty and strong one; like a tempest of hail, like a destroying storm, like rushing mighty waters that he lays upon the earth by his hand.

Original Text

הנה חזק ואמץ לאדני כזרם ברד שער קטב כזרם מים כבירים שטפים הניח לארץ ביד׃

Morphology

  • הנה: PART
  • חזק: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • ואמץ: VERB,hif,perf,3,m,sg
  • לאדני: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,m,poss1s
  • כזרם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ברד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שער: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • קטב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כזרם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • כבירים: PREP+ADJ,m,pl,abs
  • שטפים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • הניח: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,sg
  • לארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ביד: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Nahum 1:3-6 (thematic): Portrays the Lord's wrath as whirlwind, storm, and flood that punishes the wicked—same motif of divine power coming like a tempest to destroy.
  • Psalm 18:12-15 (verbal): Uses thunder, hailstones and outpoured waters as imagery of God's intervention and judgment, echoing Isaiah's storm/hail language.
  • Exodus 9:23-24 (structural): Narrates God sending a devastating hailstorm as a means of judgment on Egypt—concrete precedent for the motif of hail/violent storm as divine punishment.
  • Job 38:22-23 (allusion): Speaks of God's storehouses of hail and his authority to release it, underscoring the theme of hail as an instrument under divine control.
  • Isaiah 29:6 (structural): Within Isaiah, depicts the Lord bringing thunder, earthquake, whirlwind and fire upon a people—closely parallels Isaiah 28:2's portrayal of God acting like a violent storm.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Behold, the LORD has one mighty and strong; like the storm of hail and the destroying blast, like waters overflowing in a torrent—he will cast them down to the earth with his hand.
  • Behold, the LORD of hosts has one mighty and strong; like a hailstorm of destruction, like a tempest of driving hail, like a flood of overflowing waters—he will lay it low upon the earth by his hand.
3 By his feet he will trample down the crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim.

Isa.28.3 - Details

Translation

By his feet he will trample down the crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim.

Original Text

ברגלים תרמסנה עטרת גאות שכורי אפרים׃

Morphology

  • ברגלים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • תרמסנה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,pl
  • עטרת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • גאות: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • שכורי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • אפרים: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Isaiah 28:1 (verbal): Direct verbal parallel within the same oracle—both verses speak of the ‘crown of pride’ and condemn the ‘drunkards of Ephraim,’ repeating the denunciation.
  • Isaiah 28:5 (thematic): Contrasting/antithetical parallel: 28:3 predicts the trampled crown of human pride, while 28:5 portrays Yahweh as a true ‘crown of glory’ for the faithful remnant—contrast between human arrogance and divine vindication.
  • Isaiah 63:3-6 (verbal): Shared imagery of trampling/treading (winepress) and divine retribution—both passages use violent trampling language to depict judgment on the proud/enemies.
  • Proverbs 16:18 (thematic): Common moral theme: pride leads to downfall. The proverb ‘pride goes before destruction’ echoes the idea that a crown of pride will be brought low and trampled.

Alternative generated candidates

  • The crown of pride shall be trampled underfoot— the drunkards of Ephraim shall be dashed in pieces.
  • With his feet he will trample down the crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim.
4 The faded blossom, the splendor of his glory that is on the head of the fertile valley, shall be like the first fig before the summer—when one sees it he swallows it up at once, while it is yet in his hand.

Isa.28.4 - Details

Translation

The faded blossom, the splendor of his glory that is on the head of the fertile valley, shall be like the first fig before the summer—when one sees it he swallows it up at once, while it is yet in his hand.

Original Text

והיתה ציצת נבל צבי תפארתו אשר על־ ראש גיא שמנים כבכורה בטרם קיץ אשר יראה הראה אותה בעודה בכפו יבלענה׃

Morphology

  • והיתה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • ציצת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • נבל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • צבי: NOUN,m,sg,cs
  • תפארתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+3,m
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • על: PREP
  • ראש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • גיא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שמנים: NUM,card,pl,m,abs
  • כבכורה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • בטרם: PREP
  • קיץ: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • יראה: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
  • הראה: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,sg
  • אותה: PRON,dem,3,f,sg
  • בעודה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
  • בכפו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+3ms
  • יבלענה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg+3,f,sg

Parallels

  • Hosea 9:10 (verbal): Uses the same image of Israel likened to early/first-ripe figs (before summer), connecting national status with the fig/early-fruit motif — an explicit verbal parallel to Isaiah’s ‘first-ripe fig before summer.’
  • Jeremiah 24:1-2 (thematic): The two baskets of figs symbolize the fate of Judah/Israel (good and bad figs); like Isaiah’s fig-figure, Jeremiah uses figs as a metaphor for national condition and divine judgment.
  • Amos 8:1-2 (structural): Amos’s vision of a basket of summer fruit (qayits) employs harvest/fruit imagery to signify imminent judgment — paralleling Isaiah’s ‘before summer’/early-fruit motif that signals premature loss and judgment.
  • Judges 9:10-13 (thematic): The parable of the trees, including the fig tree’s refusal to reign, uses fig imagery to represent provision, status, and expectations; thematically akin to Isaiah’s use of figs to portray national prestige and its rapid removal.
  • Matthew 21:19 (thematic): Jesus’ cursing of the barren fig tree (followed by withering) functions as a judgment symbol against unfruitfulness and the removal of honor — resonant with Isaiah’s image of glorious beauty consumed prematurely as divine judgment.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And the fading flower, the glory of his beauty that is on the head of the fertile valley, shall be like the first ripe fig before the summer—when one sees it he swallows it up in his hand.
  • The fading flower, the glorious splendor on the head of the valley of fatness, will be like a first-ripe fig before the summer: when one sees it, he takes it and eats it in his hand.
5 On that day the LORD of hosts will be a crown of glory, and a diadem of beauty to the remnant of his people.

Isa.28.5 - Details

Translation

On that day the LORD of hosts will be a crown of glory, and a diadem of beauty to the remnant of his people.

Original Text

ביום ההוא יהיה יהוה צבאות לעטרת צבי ולצפירת תפארה לשאר עמו׃

Morphology

  • ביום: PREP
  • ההוא: DEM,ms,sg
  • יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • צבאות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • לעטרת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • צבי: NOUN,m,sg,cs
  • ולצפירת: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • תפארה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • לשאר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עמו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Isaiah 62:3 (verbal): Uses nearly identical imagery—Zion as a 'crown of beauty' and a 'royal diadem' in the hand of the LORD, echoing the ornament/diadem language applied to God's people.
  • Zechariah 9:16 (thematic): Speaks of God's people being honored like stones of a crown and lifted as an ensign—parallel motif of restoration resulting in regal ornamentation for the remnant.
  • Isaiah 61:10 (thematic): Celebrates restoration with nuptial/adornment imagery (garments, ornaments, a bride adorned), thematically parallel to the depiction of God as a crowning ornament for his people.
  • 1 Peter 5:4 (verbal): New Testament use of the phrase 'crown of glory' for the faithful echoes the 'crown/diadem' language applied to God's people in Isaiah 28:5.

Alternative generated candidates

  • In that day the LORD of hosts will be a crown of glory, and a diadem of beauty to the remnant of his people.
  • On that day the LORD of hosts will be a crown of glory and a diadem of beauty to the remnant of his people.
6 And a spirit of justice to him who sits in judgment, and strength to those who turn back the battle at the gate.

Isa.28.6 - Details

Translation

And a spirit of justice to him who sits in judgment, and strength to those who turn back the battle at the gate.

Original Text

ולרוח משפט ליושב על־ המשפט ולגבורה משיבי מלחמה שערה׃

Morphology

  • ולרוח: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • משפט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ליושב: PREP+PTCP,qal,ptcp,m,sg
  • על: PREP
  • המשפט: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ולגבורה: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • משיבי: VERB,qal,ptc,mp
  • מלחמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • שערה: NOUN,m,sg,abs+suff:3,fs

Parallels

  • Isaiah 11:2-4 (verbal): Both passages speak of a Spirit granting judgment/justice and strength to the one who sits in judgment; Isaiah 11 explicitly links the Spirit (wisdom, counsel, might) with righteous judging, echoing ״רוח משפט״ and ״לגבורה משיבי מלחמה״ in Isa 28:6.
  • Jeremiah 23:5-6 (thematic): The promise of a future righteous Davidic ruler who will ‘execute justice and righteousness’ parallels Isa 28:6’s emphasis on judicial authority and military/communal protection for the remnant.
  • Psalm 82:3-4 (thematic): Psalmist injunction to ‘defend the weak and fatherless… rescue the weak and needy’ parallels Isa 28:6’s focus on just judgment and strength exercised on behalf of the community at the gate.
  • Micah 6:8 (thematic): Micah’s call to ‘do justice, love mercy, walk humbly’ resonates with Isa 28:6’s concern for righteous judgment and the protective power that secures communal justice.

Alternative generated candidates

  • He will be a spirit of justice to him who sits in judgment, and strength to those who turn back the battle at the gate.
  • And a spirit of justice to him who sits in judgment, and might to those who bring victory at the gate.
7 But these also stagger with wine and reel with strong drink: priest and prophet err through strong drink; they are swallowed up by wine, stagger through strong drink; they err in vision and stumble in judgment.

Isa.28.7 - Details

Translation

But these also stagger with wine and reel with strong drink: priest and prophet err through strong drink; they are swallowed up by wine, stagger through strong drink; they err in vision and stumble in judgment.

Original Text

וגם־ אלה ביין שגו ובשכר תעו כהן ונביא שגו בשכר נבלעו מן־ היין תעו מן־ השכר שגו בראה פקו פליליה׃

Morphology

  • וגם: CONJ
  • אלה: DEM,pl,abs
  • ביין: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שגו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
  • ובשכר: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • תעו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • כהן: NOUN,m,sg,const
  • ונביא: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שגו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
  • בשכר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נבלעו: VERB,niphal,perf,3,pl
  • מן: PREP
  • היין: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • תעו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • מן: PREP
  • השכר: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • שגו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
  • בראה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • פקו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
  • פליליה: NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Hosea 4:11 (thematic): Condemns wine and sexual immorality as causes of loss of understanding—parallels Isaiah's charge that drink leads priests/prophets to err.
  • Proverbs 31:4–5 (thematic): Warns that wine makes rulers forget justice and pervert rights, echoing Isaiah's theme that intoxication leads to faulty vision and judgment.
  • Leviticus 10:9 (verbal): A priestly injunction not to drink wine or strong drink before entering the tent of meeting—background legal norm violated by Isaiah's erring priests.
  • Ezekiel 44:21 (verbal): Commands priests not to drink wine when serving in the sanctuary, reflecting the expected sobriety that Isaiah's priests neglect.
  • Isaiah 28:1–6 (structural): Immediate context: the chapter's judgment oracle on drunken leaders and a nation reeling—Isaiah 28:7 is part of this larger portrayal of impaired leadership.

Alternative generated candidates

  • But also these reel with wine and stagger with strong drink: the priest and the prophet reel with strong drink; they are swallowed by wine; they stagger with strong drink; they err in vision and stumble in giving judgment.
  • But these also reel with wine—priests and prophets reel with strong drink; they err through drink and are swallowed by wine; they wander in their cups, they go astray in vision and stagger in judgment.
8 For all the tables are full of vomit and filth; there is no place clean.

Isa.28.8 - Details

Translation

For all the tables are full of vomit and filth; there is no place clean.

Original Text

כי כל־ שלחנות מלאו קיא צאה בלי מקום׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • כל: DET
  • שלחנות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • מלאו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • קיא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • צאה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • בלי: PREP
  • מקום: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Isaiah 28:7 (structural): Immediate context — the preceding verse describes drunken priests and prophets whose corrupt behavior (intoxication, false teaching) leads into the image of tables full of vomit, showing the passage is part of a contiguous denunciation.
  • Proverbs 26:11 (verbal): Uses the image of returning to vomit for repeated, disgraceful behavior; parallels Isaiah’s use of vomit to portray moral filth and degradation.
  • Revelation 3:16 (thematic): God’s metaphorical repulsion—'I will spit/ spew you out of my mouth'—echoes the vomit imagery as a symbol of divine rejection of corrupt, unrepentant communities.
  • Ezekiel 16:43 (thematic): Describes Jerusalem’s exposed filth and shame before the nations; thematically parallels Isaiah’s portrayal of communal uncleanness and moral contamination.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For all the tables are full of vomit and filth; there is no place clean.
  • For all the tables are full of vomit and filth; there is no place clean.
9 To whom will he teach knowledge, and to whom will he explain the message? To those weaned from milk, drawn from the breasts.

Isa.28.9 - Details

Translation

To whom will he teach knowledge, and to whom will he explain the message? To those weaned from milk, drawn from the breasts.

Original Text

את־ מי יורה דעה ואת־ מי יבין שמועה גמולי מחלב עתיקי משדים׃

Morphology

  • את: PRT,acc
  • מי: PRON,interr,sg
  • יורה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • דעה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ואת: CONJ
  • מי: PRON,interr,sg
  • יבין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שמועה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • גמולי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • מחלב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עתיקי: ADJ,m,pl,cons
  • משדים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Isaiah 28:10-13 (verbal): Immediate context: 28:10–13 expands the same teaching-theme using the famous refrain 'line upon line, precept upon precept' and continues the contrast between infantile recipients and those ready for instruction.
  • Hebrews 5:12-14 (thematic): Uses the imagery of milk versus solid food and criticizes believers who remain spiritual infants and are not ready for deeper teaching—echoing Isaiah’s distinction between the weaned and the unweaned.
  • 1 Corinthians 3:1-3 (thematic): Paul calls certain Christians 'infants in Christ' and contrasts milk and solid food to describe lack of spiritual maturity, paralleling Isaiah’s metaphor of those 'weaned from milk.'
  • 1 Peter 2:2 (thematic): Urges believers to desire 'pure spiritual milk' in order to grow, drawing on the same infant/milk imagery about readiness and growth in understanding.

Alternative generated candidates

  • To whom will he teach knowledge, and to whom will he make the message clear—those weaned from milk, those drawn from the breasts?
  • To whom does he teach knowledge, and to whom does he explain the message? To those weaned from milk, to those taken from the breasts?
10 For it is precept upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, there a little.

Isa.28.10 - Details

Translation

For it is precept upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, there a little.

Original Text

כי צו לצו צו לצו קו לקו קו לקו זעיר שם זעיר שם׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • צו: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • לצו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • צו: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • לצו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • קו: INTJ
  • לקו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • קו: INTJ
  • לקו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • זעיר: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • שם: ADV
  • זעיר: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • שם: ADV

Parallels

  • Isaiah 28:9 (structural): Immediate context: a rhetorical question about whom God can teach—verse 9 sets up the address to 'those who are weaned from milk,' to which the 'precept upon precept' formula answers.
  • Isaiah 28:13 (verbal): Direct verbal parallel and reprise of the same teaching formula; verse 13 repeats the 'precept upon precept, line upon line' motif while describing the consequence of dull comprehension.
  • Isaiah 29:13 (thematic): Related theme of superficial instruction and failure to understand true teaching—'they draw near with their mouth, and honor me with their lips' highlights the spiritual failure that the 'line upon line' critique targets.
  • Zechariah 4:10 (thematic): Shares the idea of 'small things' mattering: 'who despises the day of small things?' resonates with 'here a little, there a little,' emphasizing incremental or modest elements of God's work or instruction.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For precept upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, there a little.
  • For precept upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; a little here, a little there.
11 For by stammering lips and another tongue he will speak to this people.

Isa.28.11 - Details

Translation

For by stammering lips and another tongue he will speak to this people.

Original Text

כי בלעגי שפה ובלשון אחרת ידבר אל־ העם הזה׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • בלעגי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שפה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ובלשון: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אחרת: ADJ,f,sg,abs
  • ידבר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • אל: NEG
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הזה: DEM,m,sg

Parallels

  • Isaiah 28:12 (structural): Immediate continuation of the prophecy; 28:11–12 form a unit about God speaking in 'stammering lips' and the people's failure to hear—Paul cites both verses together in 1 Cor 14.
  • 1 Corinthians 14:21 (quotation): Paul explicitly quotes Isaiah 28:11 (and 28:12) to argue that speaking in tongues serves as a sign—he treats Isaiah's words as prophecy about foreign speech and unbelief.
  • Acts 2:6-11 (thematic): The Pentecost episode of hearers hearing the apostles 'in their own tongues' echoes the motif of God speaking in other languages as a sign affecting different peoples; used in New Testament discussions of 'tongues.'
  • Deuteronomy 28:49 (thematic): A Deuteronomic warning that God will bring a distant nation 'whose language you do not understand' as judgment parallels Isaiah's image of foreign/stammering speech used as a punitive sign.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For with stammering lips and another tongue he will speak to this people.
  • For by stammering lips and a foreign tongue he will speak to this people.
12 To whom he said, 'This is rest; give rest to the weary; and this is refreshing'—and yet they would not listen.

Isa.28.12 - Details

Translation

To whom he said, 'This is rest; give rest to the weary; and this is refreshing'—and yet they would not listen.

Original Text

אשר ׀ אמר אליהם זאת המנוחה הניחו לעיף וזאת המרגעה ולא אבוא שמוע׃

Morphology

  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
  • זאת: DEM,f,sg
  • המנוחה: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • הניחו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • לעיף: PREP+ADJ,m,sg
  • וזאת: CONJ+DEM,f,sg
  • המרגעה: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • ולא: CONJ
  • אבוא: VERB,qal,impf,1,NA,sg
  • שמוע: VERB,qal,infc

Parallels

  • 1 Corinthians 14:21 (quotation): Paul explicitly cites Isaiah 28:11–12 about speaking with foreign lips and the people not listening—he applies the Isaiah text to the phenomenon of tongues and stubborn unbelief.
  • Matthew 11:28–29 (thematic): Jesus' promise "Come to me... I will give you rest" echoes Isaiah's offer of 'rest' and 'refreshing' to the weary; both texts share the motif of divine rest and relief for the exhausted.
  • Isaiah 28:11 (structural): The immediate preceding verse ('with stammering lips and another tongue...') forms the pair with 28:12 in the same prophetic unit: the strange-speech sign followed by the offer of rest and the people's refusal to hear.
  • Hebrews 4:9–11 (thematic): The NT discussion of a remaining 'Sabbath rest' and the warning not to fail to enter God's rest resonates with Isaiah's offer of rest and the problem of refusing God's provision of rest.
  • Psalm 95:7–11 (thematic): Psalm 95 recounts Israel's hardening and failure to enter God's rest; this theme of refusal to heed God's offer of rest parallels Isaiah 28:12 and undergirds later New Testament use (e.g., Hebrews).

Alternative generated candidates

  • He said to them, “This is rest; give rest to the weary; this is repose”—yet they would not hear.
  • To whom he said, 'This is a rest; give rest to the weary, this is refreshment'—and they would not hear.
13 Therefore the word of the LORD to them will be: precept upon precept, line upon line; here a little, there a little—so that they may go, and fall backward, and be broken, snared, and taken.

Isa.28.13 - Details

Translation

Therefore the word of the LORD to them will be: precept upon precept, line upon line; here a little, there a little—so that they may go, and fall backward, and be broken, snared, and taken.

Original Text

והיה להם דבר־ יהוה צו לצו צו לצו קו לקו קו לקו זעיר שם זעיר שם למען ילכו וכשלו אחור ונשברו ונוקשו ונלכדו׃

Morphology

  • והיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • צו: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • לצו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • צו: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • לצו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • קו: INTJ
  • לקו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • קו: INTJ
  • לקו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • זעיר: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • שם: ADV
  • זעיר: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • שם: ADV
  • למען: PREP
  • ילכו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • וכשלו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • אחור: ADV
  • ונשברו: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,pl
  • ונוקשו: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,pl
  • ונלכדו: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Isaiah 28:10 (verbal): Uses the nearly identical pedagogical formula ('precept on precept, line on line; here a little, there a little'), the immediate verbal parallel within the same chapter framing the messenger‑speech about instruction.
  • Isaiah 28:11-12 (structural): Contextual continuation: vv.11–12 describe God speaking with foreign lips/tongues as a form of judgment, the circumstance that leads to the stumbling, breaking and capture described in v.13.
  • 1 Corinthians 14:21-22 (quotation): Paul explicitly cites Isaiah 28:11–12 about speaking in foreign tongues and applies it to the role of tongues and signs—an NT appropriation of the Isaiah passage that illuminates the prophetic context behind v.13's judgment motif.
  • Isaiah 29:13 (cf. Matthew 15:8-9) (thematic): Both Isaiah 29:13 and Jesus' citation in Matthew condemn superficial, lip‑service religion and humanly devised teaching; thematically they connect to v.13's outcome of stumbling caused by false or inadequate instruction.
  • Hosea 4:6 (thematic): ‘My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge’ parallels the theme that improper instruction or absence of true teaching results in stumbling, ruin and captivity as portrayed in Isa. 28:13.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Therefore the word of the LORD to them will be: precept upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; little here, little there—so that they may go, and fall backward; be broken, snared, and taken captive.
  • Therefore the word of the LORD to them will be: 'Precept upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; a little here, a little there'—that they may go, and fall backward, and be broken, snared and taken.
14 Therefore hear the word of the LORD, you scoffers who rule this people in Jerusalem.

Isa.28.14 - Details

Translation

Therefore hear the word of the LORD, you scoffers who rule this people in Jerusalem.

Original Text

לכן שמעו דבר־ יהוה אנשי לצון משלי העם הזה אשר בירושלם׃

Morphology

  • לכן: ADV
  • שמעו: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,pl
  • דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אנשי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • לצון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • משלי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הזה: DEM,m,sg
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • בירושלם: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Isaiah 28:9-13 (structural): Immediate literary context: the chiding and pedagogical imagery ('precept upon precept, line upon line') and the refrain of hearing God's word form a single judicial address that frames 28:14–22.
  • Isaiah 1:10 (verbal): Same imperative formula 'Hear the word of the LORD' directed to culpable leaders/people ('rulers of Sodom'), paralleling the prophetic summons to Jerusalem's scornful rulers in 28:14.
  • Micah 3:9-12 (thematic): A prophetic denunciation addressed to leaders/heads of Israel in Jerusalem—calls for them to 'hear' and then pronounces judgment for their corrupt rulings, echoing the charge against the 'scornful men' in Isa 28:14.
  • Psalm 2:10-12 (thematic): An admonition to rulers to be wise and submit to God's anointed; shares the motif of a divine address to political leaders and the warning-consequence dynamic found in Isa 28:14.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Therefore hear the word of the LORD, you scoffing leaders of this people who are in Jerusalem.
  • Therefore hear the word of the LORD, you scoffing rulers of this people who are in Jerusalem.
15 For you have said, 'We have made a covenant with Death, and with Sheol we are in agreement; when the overwhelming scourge passes through, it will not come to us; for we have made lies our refuge, and under falsehood we hide ourselves.'

Isa.28.15 - Details

Translation

For you have said, 'We have made a covenant with Death, and with Sheol we are in agreement; when the overwhelming scourge passes through, it will not come to us; for we have made lies our refuge, and under falsehood we hide ourselves.'

Original Text

כי אמרתם כרתנו ברית את־ מות ועם־ שאול עשינו חזה שוט שוטף כי־ יעבר לא יבואנו כי שמנו כזב מחסנו ובשקר נסתרנו׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • אמרתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
  • כרתנו: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,pl
  • ברית: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • מות: VERB,qal,infabs
  • ועם: CONJ+PREP
  • שאול: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עשינו: VERB,qal,perf,1,pl
  • חזה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • שוט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שוטף: VERB,qal,ptc,m,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • יעבר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יבואנו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • שמנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+1,pl
  • כזב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מחסנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,1,pl
  • ובשקר: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נסתרנו: VERB,niphal,perf,1,_,pl

Parallels

  • Isaiah 28:18 (verbal): Direct continuation/parallel in same oracle: repeats and reverses the 'covenant with death/Sheol' language—God declares that covenant will not stand when the sweeping scourge comes.
  • Ezekiel 13:10–16 (thematic): Condemns prophets who promise 'peace' and give false assurances (building with untempered mortar); parallels the theme of false security and relying on lies as protection.
  • Isaiah 30:12–13 (thematic): Condemns leaders who demand smooth, deceptive prophecy and trust in foreign help—similar motif of refusing God's truth and seeking safety in deceptive agreements.
  • Psalm 91:1–2 (thematic): Contrasts true refuge in the Lord ('shelter'/'shadow') with the false refuge of lies described in Isa 28:15—highlights competing notions of where safety is found.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For you have said, “We have made a covenant with Death, and with Sheol we are at agreement; when the overflowing scourge passes through, it will not come to us; for we have made lies our refuge, and in falsehood we have hid ourselves.”
  • For you say, 'We have made a covenant with Death, and with Sheol we have an agreement; when the overflowing scourge passes through, it will not reach us; for we have made lies our refuge, and in falsehood we have hidden ourselves.'
16 Therefore thus says the LORD GOD: Behold, I lay in Zion a tested stone, a costly cornerstone, a sure foundation; he who believes will not be in haste.

Isa.28.16 - Details

Translation

Therefore thus says the LORD GOD: Behold, I lay in Zion a tested stone, a costly cornerstone, a sure foundation; he who believes will not be in haste.

Original Text

לכן כה אמר אדני יהוה הנני יסד בציון אבן אבן בחן פנת יקרת מוסד מוסד המאמין לא יחיש׃

Morphology

  • לכן: ADV
  • כה: ADV
  • אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • הנני: PRT+PRON,1,sg
  • יסד: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • בציון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אבן: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אבן: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • בחן: ADJ,ptc,pass,f,sg
  • פנת: NOUN,f,pl,construct
  • יקרת: ADJ,f,pl,abs
  • מוסד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מוסד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • המאמין: NOUN,ptc,qal,m,sg,def
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יחיש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • 1 Peter 2:6-8 (quotation): Direct citation/adaptation of Isa. 28:16: presents Christ as the chosen, precious cornerstone in Zion and affirms 'whoever believes will not be put to shame,' while also linking the stone to stumbling for unbelievers.
  • Romans 9:33 (quotation): Paul echoes Isa. 28:16 (and Isa. 8:14) to describe Christ as a stone of stumbling and a rock of offense, using the prophetic image to explain Israel's unbelief.
  • Isaiah 8:14-15 (verbal): Closely related prophetic language: speaks of a 'stone of stumbling' and 'rock of offense'—the negative counterpart to the secure cornerstone of Isa. 28:16.
  • Psalm 118:22 (verbal): Parallel cornerstone motif: 'The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone.' This verse is paired with Isa. 28:16 in later Jewish and Christian interpretation about the Messiah.
  • Ephesians 2:20 (thematic): Uses the cornerstone/building imagery theologically: the church is built on the apostles and prophets with Christ as the cornerstone—develops the foundational role implied in Isa. 28:16.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Therefore thus says the Lord GOD: Behold, I lay in Zion a tested stone, a precious cornerstone, a sure foundation; he who believes will not make haste.
  • Therefore thus says the Lord GOD: Behold, I lay in Zion a tested stone, a precious cornerstone, a sure foundation; the one who believes will not hasten.
17 I will make justice the line and righteousness the plumbline; hail will sweep away the refuge of lies, and waters will overflow the hiding place.

Isa.28.17 - Details

Translation

I will make justice the line and righteousness the plumbline; hail will sweep away the refuge of lies, and waters will overflow the hiding place.

Original Text

ושמתי משפט לקו וצדקה למשקלת ויעה ברד מחסה כזב וסתר מים ישטפו׃

Morphology

  • ושמתי: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
  • משפט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לקו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וצדקה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • למשקלת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ויעה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • ברד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מחסה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כזב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וסתר: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ישטפו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Amos 7:7-8 (verbal): Uses the image of a plumb line (measuring rod) set by God to judge Israel — directly parallels Isaiah's 'משקלת' (plummet) as God's standard of judgment.
  • Deuteronomy 25:13-16 (thematic): Commands against dishonest weights and measures; thematically connects to Isaiah's equation of 'justice' and 'righteousness' with the measuring line and plummet.
  • Nahum 1:8 (thematic): Speaks of an 'overflowing flood' that makes a full end of refuge — parallels Isaiah's image of waters overflowing the hiding place and hail sweeping away false refuge.
  • Psalm 89:14 (thematic): Declares 'Righteousness and justice are the foundation of your throne,' echoing Isaiah's linking of justice/righteousness with God's measuring standard.

Alternative generated candidates

  • I will make justice the line and righteousness the plummet; hail will sweep away your refuge of lies, and waters will overflow your hiding place.
  • I will make justice a measuring line and righteousness a plumb line; hail will sweep away your refuge of lies, and waters will overflow your hiding place.
18 And your covenant with Death shall be annulled, and your agreement with Sheol shall not stand; when the overwhelming scourge passes through, you shall be trampled by it.

Isa.28.18 - Details

Translation

And your covenant with Death shall be annulled, and your agreement with Sheol shall not stand; when the overwhelming scourge passes through, you shall be trampled by it.

Original Text

וכפר בריתכם את־ מות וחזותכם את־ שאול לא תקום שוט שוטף כי יעבר והייתם לו למרמס׃

Morphology

  • וכפר: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • בריתכם: NOUN,f,sg,abs,2,mp
  • את: PRT,acc
  • מות: VERB,qal,infabs
  • וחזותכם: NOUN,f,sg,abs,2,mp
  • את: PRT,acc
  • שאול: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • תקום: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
  • שוט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שוטף: VERB,qal,ptc,m,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • יעבר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • והייתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • למרמס: PREP+VERB,qal,inf

Parallels

  • Isaiah 28:15 (quotation): The exact phrase and idea — 'we have made a covenant with death / with Sheol' — appears earlier as the claim being condemned; Isa.28:18 directly answers and overturns that assertion.
  • Isaiah 28:17 (structural): Immediate context in the same oracle: both verses contrast false assurances with coming judgment (justice as plumbline; the sweeping flood/scourge that will overrun their refuge).
  • Ezekiel 7:25-26 (thematic): Speaks of sudden calamity and people seeking death in the face of judgment — similar theme of judgment making death/Sheol no refuge and turning hopes to ruin.
  • Hosea 13:14 (verbal): Explicit mention of death and Sheol and God's power over them ('I will ransom them... O Death, where are your plagues?'), engaging the same vocabulary and theological issue of Sheol's impotence before God.
  • Revelation 6:8 (thematic): Imagery links Death and Hades (Sheol) as agents associated with judgment; echoes the motif that death/Sheol cannot ultimately secure or protect against divine judgment.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Your covenant with Death shall be annulled, and your agreement with Sheol shall not stand; when the overflowing scourge passes through, you will be trampled down by it.
  • Your covenant with Death shall be annulled, and your agreement with Sheol shall not stand; when the overflowing scourge passes through, you shall be trampled by it.
19 Whenever it passes it will take you away; morning by morning it will pass by—by day and by night—and there shall be terror; the report will bring bewilderment to the hearer.

Isa.28.19 - Details

Translation

Whenever it passes it will take you away; morning by morning it will pass by—by day and by night—and there shall be terror; the report will bring bewilderment to the hearer.

Original Text

מדי עברו יקח אתכם כי־ בבקר בבקר יעבר ביום ובלילה והיה רק־ זועה הבין שמועה׃

Morphology

  • מדי: PREP
  • עברו: VERB,qal,imp,2,pl
  • יקח: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
  • כי: CONJ
  • בבקר: PREP
  • בבקר: PREP
  • יעבר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • ביום: PREP
  • ובלילה: CONJ+PREP
  • והיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • רק: PRT
  • זועה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • הבין: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • שמועה: NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Isaiah 28:18 (structural): Immediate context — the preceding verse speaks of the annulment of the covenant with Death and the coming scourge; 28:19 continues the theme of an ongoing, inescapable divine judgment against Ephraim.
  • Isaiah 50:4 (verbal): Shares the phrase 'morning by morning' (Heb. בֹּקֶר בֹּקֶר) describing a repeated, daily action of the LORD — here used for recurrent visitation/judgment rather than the teacher’s daily waking in 50:4.
  • Lamentations 3:22-23 (verbal): Uses similar imagery of what occurs 'every morning' (Heb. בֹּקֶר בֹּקֶר) to characterize a recurring divine act; parallels the motif of daily, repeated divine activity (here mercy in Lam., judgment/visitation in Isa.).
  • Joel 2:1 (thematic): The sounding of an alarm and the imminent 'day of the LORD' in Joel conveys the same theme of urgent, inescapable divine judgment announced and realized suddenly — analogous to Isa. 28’s repeated, day-and-night visitation of calamity.

Alternative generated candidates

  • When it passes it will seize you—morning by morning it will come; by day and by night it will pass through—and terror shall be its report.
  • It will seize you continually; morning by morning it passes through—by day and by night—and the understanding of the message will be but terror.
20 For the bed is too short to stretch oneself on, and the covering too narrow to wrap oneself in.

Isa.28.20 - Details

Translation

For the bed is too short to stretch oneself on, and the covering too narrow to wrap oneself in.

Original Text

כי־ קצר המצע מהשתרע והמסכה צרה כהתכנס׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • קצר: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • המצע: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • מהשתרע: PREP+VERB,hithpael,inf
  • והמסכה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,def
  • צרה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • כהתכנס: CONJ+VERB,hithpael,inf

Parallels

  • Isaiah 28:21 (structural): Immediate context: continues the same prophetic argument—God will rise to execute judgment, explaining why the ‘bed is too short’ (no place of rest or protection) for the sinners.
  • Isaiah 1:8 (thematic): Both verses use imagery of inadequate shelter (Zion 'like a booth' in Isa 1:8; a bed/covering too short in Isa 28:20) to portray vulnerability and impending disaster.
  • Nahum 3:5 (thematic): Speaks of being exposed and stripped of covering in the face of divine judgment; parallels Isa 28:20’s motif that customary protections will fail.
  • Ezekiel 16:37 (thematic): Describes Israel being stripped and exposed as part of judgment; thematically parallels the idea that familiar coverings/refuges will not suffice under God’s wrath.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For the bed is too short to stretch oneself, and the covering too narrow to wrap oneself in.
  • For the bed is too short for stretching, and the cover too narrow for wrapping.
21 For the LORD will rise up as at Mount Perazim, he will be stirred as in the valley of Gibeon—to do his deed, strange is his deed; and his work is a foreign work.

Isa.28.21 - Details

Translation

For the LORD will rise up as at Mount Perazim, he will be stirred as in the valley of Gibeon—to do his deed, strange is his deed; and his work is a foreign work.

Original Text

כי כהר־ פרצים יקום יהוה כעמק בגבעון ירגז לעשות מעשהו זר מעשהו ולעבד עבדתו נכריה עבדתו׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • כהר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • פרצים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • יקום: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • כעמק: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בגבעון: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • ירגז: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • לעשות: VERB,qal,inf
  • מעשהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,suf3m
  • זר: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • מעשהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,suf3m
  • ולעבד: CONJ+VERB,qal,inf
  • עבדתו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • נכריה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
  • עבדתו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • 2 Samuel 5:20-25 (allusion): Mentions Baal‑Perazim and the valley of Gibeon in the account of David’s battles—Isaiah alludes to these historical theophanies where Yahweh ‘rose up’ to scatter Israel’s enemies.
  • Joshua 10:10-11 (allusion): The battle at Gibeon where the LORD intervenes miraculously (stones from heaven, rout of the enemy); parallels Isaiah’s reference to God’s unexpected, violent action in the valley of Gibeon.
  • Psalm 18:7-15 (thematic): A theophany depicting Yahweh bursting forth, shaking earth and routing enemies—echoes Isaiah’s imagery of God rising up like at Perazim to perform a powerful, awe‑inspiring act.
  • Job 9:5-10 (thematic): Describes God’s strange, uncontrollable works in nature (moving mountains, altering the heavens)—parallels Isaiah’s language about God doing a ‘strange’/alien work when he rises to act.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For the LORD will rise up as at Mount Perazim; he will be stirred as in the valley of Gibeon, to do his deed, his strange deed; and work, his foreign work.
  • For the LORD will rise up as at Mount Perazim, he will be stirred as in the Valley of Gibeon, to work his work—strange is his work—and to execute his deed—foreign is his deed.
22 Therefore do not mock, lest your fetters be strengthened; for a decree has gone out from the LORD of hosts—an utterance determined against the whole land.

Isa.28.22 - Details

Translation

Therefore do not mock, lest your fetters be strengthened; for a decree has gone out from the LORD of hosts—an utterance determined against the whole land.

Original Text

ועתה אל־ תתלוצצו פן־ יחזקו מוסריכם כי־ כלה ונחרצה שמעתי מאת אדני יהוה צבאות על־ כל־ הארץ׃

Morphology

  • ועתה: CONJ
  • אל: NEG
  • תתלוצצו: VERB,hitp,impf,2,m,pl
  • פן: CONJ
  • יחזקו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • מוסריכם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2mp
  • כי: CONJ
  • כלה: ADV
  • ונחרצה: VERB,niphal,perf,3,f,sg
  • שמעתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,sg
  • מאת: PREP
  • אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • צבאות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • על: PREP
  • כל: DET
  • הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def

Parallels

  • Isaiah 28:14-19 (structural): Immediate context: the same oracle addresses the 'scoffers' and pronounces that their mockery will not avert God's judgment; verse 22 completes this theme with a decree of appointed destruction over the land.
  • Proverbs 1:22-27 (thematic): Both warn scoffers/fools that deriding wisdom or warning will bring inescapable calamity when divine judgment comes at the appointed time.
  • Ezekiel 7:2-4 (thematic): Ezekiel proclaims 'an end' upon the land—an imminent, divinely determined devastation—parallel to Isaiah’s announcement of a decided destruction upon the whole earth.
  • Zephaniah 1:14-18 (thematic): Zephaniah’s 'day of the LORD' imagery and universal warning of wrath mirror Isaiah’s portrayal of an appointed, sweeping judgment affecting the whole land.
  • Jeremiah 4:23-28 (thematic): Jeremiah depicts the land as made desolate by God's judgment; the universal, desolating scope of that judgment echoes Isaiah’s declaration of devastation heard from the LORD.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Now therefore do not mock, lest your bands be made strong; for I have heard from the LORD of hosts a decree determined against the whole land.
  • Therefore do not be mockers, lest your fetters be strengthened; for I have heard a fixed decree from the LORD GOD of hosts concerning the whole earth.
23 Give ear and hear my voice; listen and hear what I say.

Isa.28.23 - Details

Translation

Give ear and hear my voice; listen and hear what I say.

Original Text

האזינו ושמעו קולי הקשיבו ושמעו אמרתי׃

Morphology

  • האזינו: VERB,hiph,imp,2,m,pl
  • ושמעו: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,pl
  • קולי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+1
  • הקשיבו: VERB,hiphil,imp,2,m,pl
  • ושמעו: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,pl
  • אמרתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,com,sg

Parallels

  • Deut.6.4 (verbal): The classic imperative 'Hear' (Shema) calling Israel to listen to divine instruction mirrors Isaiah's opening summons to attend and hear.
  • Isa.30.21 (thematic): Both verses emphasize attentive hearing of God's word and guidance—'your ears shall hear' and a directive to listen for instruction.
  • Amos 3.1 (verbal): A prophetic summons 'Hear this word' parallels Isaiah's imperative to listen to a prophetic message addressed to the people.
  • Matt.11.15 (allusion): Jesus' repeated formula 'He who has ears to hear, let him hear' echoes the prophetic call to attentive listening found throughout the prophets, including Isaiah 28:23.
  • Jer.6.10 (thematic): Jeremiah highlights the people's failure to hear despite summonses to listen—a related motif contrasting Isaiah's call to give careful attention.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Give ear and hear my voice; pay attention and hear my words.
  • Give ear and hear my voice; give heed and hear my speech.
24 Does the farmer plow all day to sow? Does he continually break up and harrow his ground?

Isa.28.24 - Details

Translation

Does the farmer plow all day to sow? Does he continually break up and harrow his ground?

Original Text

הכל היום יחרש החרש לזרע יפתח וישדד אדמתו׃

Morphology

  • הכל: PRON,m,sg,abs
  • היום: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • יחרש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • החרש: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • לזרע: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יפתח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • וישדד: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • אדמתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Jeremiah 4:3 (verbal): Both verses use the image of breaking/opening the ground and sowing—Jeremiah commands to 'break up your fallow ground' and not sow among thorns, echoing the plough-and-sow motif in Isaiah.
  • Hosea 10:12 (thematic): Uses sowing-and-reaping agricultural imagery in prophetic exhortation—'Sow for yourselves righteousness; reap steadfast love'—paralleling Isaiah's farmer metaphor for deliberate, fruitful work.
  • Proverbs 20:4 (thematic): Speaks of ploughing and the necessity of timely agricultural labor ('the sluggard does not plow'), resonating with Isaiah’s depiction of the farmer’s intentional plowing and sowing.
  • Galatians 6:7 (thematic): Paul’s moral axiom 'one reaps what one sows' echoes the agricultural principle underlying Isaiah’s image of sowing and harvesting as consequence and practice.
  • 2 Corinthians 9:6 (thematic): Uses the sowing/reaping metaphor ('whoever sows bountifully will also reap bountifully') to teach about providence and reward, thematically linked to Isaiah’s farmer illustration.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Does the plowman plow all day to sow? Does he continually open and harrow his ground?
  • When a man plows for sowing, does he plow continually to sow? Does he continually open and level his field?
25 Does he not level it, scatter the clods, cast in cumin and scatter cumin, set wheat in rows, barley in its place, and spelt as the border?

Isa.28.25 - Details

Translation

Does he not level it, scatter the clods, cast in cumin and scatter cumin, set wheat in rows, barley in its place, and spelt as the border?

Original Text

הלוא אם־ שוה פניה והפיץ קצח וכמן יזרק ושם חטה שורה ושערה נסמן וכסמת גבלתו׃

Morphology

  • הלוא: PART
  • אם: CONJ
  • שוה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • פניה: NOUN,f,sg,suff
  • והפיץ: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
  • קצח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וכמן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יזרק: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • ושם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • חטה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • שורה: NOUN,prop,f,sg,abs
  • ושערה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • נסמן: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • וכסמת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • גבלתו: NOUN,m,sg,pr

Parallels

  • Isaiah 28:23-29 (structural): Same poetic unit of rhetorical agricultural questions describing the farmer's skill—Isa 28:25 is part of this extended farming metaphor about sowing, selection, and boundaries.
  • Jeremiah 4:3 (verbal): Uses the image of breaking up fallow ground (׳חרוש־אדמה) and preparing soil—language and agricultural motif closely parallel the tilling/sowing language of Isa 28:25.
  • Matthew 13:3-9 (thematic): Parable of the Sower: uses sowing/seed imagery to teach about distribution of seed and varied outcomes—parallels Isa 28:25's focus on how seed is sown and placed.
  • Hosea 10:12 (thematic): Calls for 'sowing righteousness' and 'breaking up fallow ground'—employs agricultural sowing as moral/spiritual instruction similar to Isa 28:25's use of farming practice as instructive imagery.

Alternative generated candidates

  • When he has leveled its surface, does he not scatter dill, and cast cumin, and sow wheat in rows, and barley in its place, and spelt as the border?
  • When he has leveled its surface, does he not scatter dill, sow cumin, place wheat in rows, barley in its place, and spelt at the border?
26 His God instructs him and teaches him the right way.

Isa.28.26 - Details

Translation

His God instructs him and teaches him the right way.

Original Text

ויסרו למשפט אלהיו יורנו׃

Morphology

  • ויסרו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • למשפט: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אלהיו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • יורנו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg,obj=1,pl

Parallels

  • Exod.31:3-5 (thematic): God endows people with skill and wisdom for their labors (craftsmen filled with the Spirit), paralleling Isaiah's claim that God instructs and teaches the worker.
  • Job 38:36 (thematic): God as source of wisdom and understanding — the rhetorical question about who gives wisdom echoes Isaiah's point that discernment and skill come from God.
  • Ps.104:14-15 (thematic): God provides the plants and food and so sustains agricultural work; this complements Isaiah's image of God instructing the farmer in his craft.
  • Deut.8:7-10 (thematic): God as giver of a fruitful land and provider of produce for harvest — underlining the dependence of agricultural success on God's provision and guidance.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For his God instructs him rightly and teaches him.
  • For his God directs him in discretion and instructs him.
27 For not with a threshing-sledge is cumin threshed, nor is a cartwheel rolled over cumin; cumin is beaten out with a staff, and cumin with a rod.

Isa.28.27 - Details

Translation

For not with a threshing-sledge is cumin threshed, nor is a cartwheel rolled over cumin; cumin is beaten out with a staff, and cumin with a rod.

Original Text

כי לא בחרוץ יודש קצח ואופן עגלה על־ כמן יוסב כי במטה יחבט קצח וכמן בשבט׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • בחרוץ: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יודש: VERB,qal,ptcp,3,m,sg
  • קצח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ואופן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עגלה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • על: PREP
  • כמן: ADV
  • יוסב: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • במטה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
  • יחבט: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • קצח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וכמן: CONJ
  • בשבט: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Isaiah 28:25 (verbal): Immediate context: verse 25 begins the farmer-analogy, listing sowing and planting practices whose technical detail continues in 28:27; shares agricultural vocabulary and the pedagogical function of grounding instruction in farming methods.
  • Isaiah 28:28 (verbal): Direct continuation: 28:28 continues the explanation of how different tools are used for different crops, reinforcing the point made in 28:27 about appropriate methods (staff/rod, cartwheel) and God’s ordered wisdom in affairs.
  • Isaiah 28:29 (structural): Conclusion of the unit: 28:29 draws the theological lesson from the detailed farmer-metaphor of 28:24–28, attributing the wise ordering of these practices to the LORD—thus interpreting the practical examples of 28:27 theologically.
  • Matthew 3:12 (thematic): John the Baptist's winnowing/threshing imagery echoes the agrarian language of separation and processing (threshing/winnowing) used in Isaiah to illustrate judgment and discernment; both use agricultural processes metaphorically.
  • Psalm 1:4 (thematic): Uses agricultural imagery (chaff) to depict what is ineffectual or exposed—thematically related to Isaiah's use of farming processes to illustrate proper method, outcome, and divine ordering of results.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For he does not crush dill with a threshing sledge, nor is a cart-wheel turned over cumin; dill is beaten out with a staff, and cumin with a rod.
  • For dill is not threshed with a heavy threshing instrument, nor is a cartwheel rolled over cumin; dill is beaten out with a stick, and cumin with a rod.
28 Bread is crushed; for he will not thresh it forever—when his cart wheel has passed over it and his horses have trampled it, he does not beat it out further.

Isa.28.28 - Details

Translation

Bread is crushed; for he will not thresh it forever—when his cart wheel has passed over it and his horses have trampled it, he does not beat it out further.

Original Text

לחם יודק כי לא לנצח אדוש ידושנו והמם גלגל עגלתו ופרשיו לא־ ידקנו׃

Morphology

  • לחם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יודק: VERB,qal,imperf,3,m,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • לנצח: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אדוש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ידושנו: VERB,qal,imperf,3,m,sg
  • והמם: VERB,hif,perf,3,m,sg
  • גלגל: NOUN,prop,m,sg
  • עגלתו: NOUN,f,sg,cons+3ms
  • ופרשיו: NOUN,m,pl,poss,3,m,sg
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • ידקנו: VERB,qal,imperf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Isaiah 41:15 (verbal): Uses the image of a new threshing instrument and grinding—similar agricultural/threshing vocabulary to describe God's handling of nations or grain.
  • Hosea 10:11 (thematic): Speaks of a trained heifer that loves to thresh and of a yoke placed on her—related threshing/grinding imagery about agricultural practice and judgment/restraint.
  • Joel 3:13 (thematic): Calls for putting in the sickle and treading the winepress—harvest and crushing metaphors comparable to Isaiah’s picture of grinding and trampling grain.
  • Isaiah 63:3 (verbal): The prophet depicts treading the winepress and staining garments with juice—closely related verbal imagery of crushing and trampling used for divine action.
  • Revelation 14:19–20 (allusion): The apocalyptic scene of the angel treading the winepress echoes Old Testament crushing/threshing imagery (harvest, trampling) applied to divine judgment.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Bread is crushed—he will not thresh it forever; the wheels of his cart and the hooves of his horses will not bruise it.
  • Grain is ground—though not forever; the wheel of the cart and the hoofs of the horses do not crush it continually.
29 This also comes from the LORD of hosts; marvelous in counsel, great in wisdom.

Isa.28.29 - Details

Translation

This also comes from the LORD of hosts; marvelous in counsel, great in wisdom.

Original Text

גם־ זאת מעם יהוה צבאות יצאה הפליא עצה הגדיל תושיה׃

Morphology

  • גם: ADV
  • זאת: DEM,f,sg
  • מעם: PREP
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • צבאות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • יצאה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • הפליא: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,sg
  • עצה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הגדיל: VERB,hif,perf,3,m,sg
  • תושיה: NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Job 12:13 (verbal): Explicitly attributes wisdom, counsel, and understanding to God—similar vocabulary and the claim that wisdom originates with the LORD.
  • Proverbs 8:14 (verbal): Wisdom personified declares, “Counsel is mine, and sound wisdom,” echoing Isaiah’s link between God and excellent counsel.
  • Isaiah 40:13-14 (allusion): Rhetorical questions about who can be the LORD’s counselor highlight the same theme that counsel and wisdom reside with God alone.
  • Romans 11:33-34 (thematic): A New Testament doxology marveling at the depth and inscrutability of God’s wisdom and judgments, paralleling Isaiah’s praise of God’s wondrous counsel.

Alternative generated candidates

  • This also comes from the LORD of hosts; wonderful in counsel, and magnificent in wisdom.
  • This also comes from the LORD of hosts; he is wonderful in counsel and great in wisdom.

Woe to the crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim, and the faded blossom, the splendor of his glory that rests on the head of the fertile valley—those reeling with wine!

Behold, the LORD has a mighty and strong one; like a tempest of hail, like a destroying storm, like rushing mighty waters that he lays upon the earth by his hand.

By his feet he will trample down the crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim.

The faded blossom, the splendor of his glory that is on the head of the fertile valley, shall be like the first fig before the summer—when one sees it he swallows it up at once, while it is yet in his hand.

On that day the LORD of hosts will be a crown of glory, and a diadem of beauty to the remnant of his people. And a spirit of justice to him who sits in judgment, and strength to those who turn back the battle at the gate. But these also stagger with wine and reel with strong drink: priest and prophet err through strong drink; they are swallowed up by wine, stagger through strong drink; they err in vision and stumble in judgment.

For all the tables are full of vomit and filth; there is no place clean.

To whom will he teach knowledge, and to whom will he explain the message? To those weaned from milk, drawn from the breasts.

For it is precept upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, there a little.

For by stammering lips and another tongue he will speak to this people.

To whom he said, 'This is rest; give rest to the weary; and this is refreshing'—and yet they would not listen.

Therefore the word of the LORD to them will be: precept upon precept, line upon line; here a little, there a little—so that they may go, and fall backward, and be broken, snared, and taken.

Therefore hear the word of the LORD, you scoffers who rule this people in Jerusalem.

For you have said, 'We have made a covenant with Death, and with Sheol we are in agreement; when the overwhelming scourge passes through, it will not come to us; for we have made lies our refuge, and under falsehood we hide ourselves.'

Therefore thus says the LORD GOD: Behold, I lay in Zion a tested stone, a costly cornerstone, a sure foundation; he who believes will not be in haste.

I will make justice the line and righteousness the plumbline; hail will sweep away the refuge of lies, and waters will overflow the hiding place. And your covenant with Death shall be annulled, and your agreement with Sheol shall not stand; when the overwhelming scourge passes through, you shall be trampled by it.

Whenever it passes it will take you away; morning by morning it will pass by—by day and by night—and there shall be terror; the report will bring bewilderment to the hearer.

For the bed is too short to stretch oneself on, and the covering too narrow to wrap oneself in.

For the LORD will rise up as at Mount Perazim, he will be stirred as in the valley of Gibeon—to do his deed, strange is his deed; and his work is a foreign work.

Therefore do not mock, lest your fetters be strengthened; for a decree has gone out from the LORD of hosts—an utterance determined against the whole land.

Give ear and hear my voice; listen and hear what I say.

Does the farmer plow all day to sow? Does he continually break up and harrow his ground?

Does he not level it, scatter the clods, cast in cumin and scatter cumin, set wheat in rows, barley in its place, and spelt as the border?

His God instructs him and teaches him the right way.

For not with a threshing-sledge is cumin threshed, nor is a cartwheel rolled over cumin; cumin is beaten out with a staff, and cumin with a rod.

Bread is crushed; for he will not thresh it forever—when his cart wheel has passed over it and his horses have trampled it, he does not beat it out further.

This also comes from the LORD of hosts; marvelous in counsel, great in wisdom.