The Rechabites' Fidelity as a Rebuke to Judah
Jeremiah 35:1-19
Jer.35.1 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- הדבר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- היה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- אל: NEG
- ירמיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מאת: PREP
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בימי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- יהויקים: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יאשיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- לאמר: INF,qal,infc
Parallels
- Jeremiah 1:4 (verbal): Uses the same prophetic introductory formula—'the word of the LORD came to Jeremiah'—linking Jeremiah’s prophetic commission and subsequent oracle introductions.
- Jeremiah 36:1 (structural): Closely parallels the dating and formula: in the days of Jehoiakim the word came to Jeremiah, situating the oracle historically and formally within Jeremiah’s career.
- Jeremiah 25:1 (structural): Another oracle explicitly dated to the days of Jehoiakim with the formula 'the word that came to Jeremiah concerning all the people of Judah,' emphasizing the same historical frame and audience context.
- Ezekiel 1:3 (thematic): Shares the wider prophetic motif 'the word of the LORD came to...' common to prophetic literature, linking the experience of receiving divine revelation across prophets (Ezekiel and Jeremiah).
Alternative generated candidates
- The word that came to Jeremiah from the LORD in the days of Jehoiakim son of Josiah, king of Judah, saying:
- The word that came to Jeremiah from the LORD in the days of Jehoiakim son of Josiah, king of Judah, saying:
Jer.35.2 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- הלוך: VERB,qal,part,3,m,sg
- אל: NEG
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הרכבים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ודברת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- אותם: PRON,3,m,pl,obj
- והבאותם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- אחת: NUM,f,sg
- הלשכות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- והשקית: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- אותם: PRON,3,m,pl,obj
- יין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Numbers 6:1-4 (thematic): The Nazirite vow forbids drinking wine (and grape products); parallels the Rechabites’ communal prohibition against wine and frames abstinence as a religious discipline.
- Daniel 1:8 (thematic): Daniel’s refusal to defile himself with the king’s wine parallels the Rechabites’ refusal when offered wine, both episodes testing fidelity to a prior religious commitment.
- 2 Kings 10:15 (allusion): Mentions Jonadab (son of Rechab), the ancestor whose instructions established the Rechabite practice; provides historical/background link to the group Jeremiah addresses.
- Jeremiah 35:11-19 (structural): Immediate continuation of the episode: records the Rechabites’ refusal to drink, Jeremiah’s message, and God’s response—showing the purpose and outcome of the test in 35:2.
Alternative generated candidates
- Go to the house of the Rechabites, and speak with them; and bring them into the house of the LORD, into one of the chambers, and give them wine to drink.
- Go to the house of the Rechabites, and speak to them; bring them into the house of the LORD, into one of the chambers, and set bowls of wine before them and say to them, ‘Drink wine.’
Jer.35.3 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ואקח: VERB,qal,impf,1,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- יאזניה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ירמיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חבצניה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- אחיו: NOUN,3,m,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- כל: DET
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואת: CONJ
- כל: DET
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הרכבים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Jeremiah 35:1-4 (structural): Immediate context: the prophet summons the Rechabites and explicitly brings Jaazaniah and his household into the house of the LORD to witness the test—this is the same action continued from v.3.
- Jeremiah 35:18-19 (thematic): Direct theological application of the episode: the Rechabites' obedience is contrasted with Judah's disobedience and leads to Jeremiah's oracle of judgment—shows why bringing Jaazaniah into the temple matters for the prophetic message.
- Ezekiel 8:1-6 (thematic): Like Jeremiah's gesture of bringing witnesses into the temple precincts, Ezekiel is brought (in vision) to the house of the LORD to observe wrongdoing; both prophets stage or invoke temple-located sign-acts to authenticate their message.
- 2 Chronicles 29:20-24 (thematic): Hezekiah gathers priests and Levites and brings them into the house of the LORD for a cultic demonstration of reform and covenant fidelity—parallel motif of assembling people in the temple to make a public, religious point.
Alternative generated candidates
- So I took Jaazaniah son of Jeremiah son of Habaziah, and his brothers, and all his sons, and all the men of the house of the Rechabites.
- And I took Jonadab son of Rechab, and his brothers, and all his sons, and all the house of the Rechabites.
Jer.35.4 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ואבא: VERB,qal,imperf,1,m,sg
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- לשכת: NOUN,f,sg,constr
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- חנן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יגדליהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אצל: PREP
- לשכת: NOUN,f,sg,constr
- השרים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- ממעל: ADV
- ללשכת: PREP
- מעשיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שלם: NOUN,prop,m,sg
- שמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- הסף: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Jeremiah 35:2 (structural): Immediate narrative parallel—same episode of bringing the Rechabite men and their families into the house of the LORD; provides context for the location and participants named in v.4.
- 1 Kings 13:1 (verbal): Uses the phrase 'man of God' (ʼish elohim) to describe a prophet, paralleling the characterisation of Hananiah/ben-Jachaziah here as a 'man of God.'
- 1 Chronicles 26:15-18 (verbal): Describes the office of gatekeepers/keepers of thresholds (shomrei ha-saf), paralleling the title 'keeper of the threshold' applied to Maaseiah son of Shallum in Jer 35:4.
- 1 Kings 6:5-8 (structural): Describes the temple's chambers and upper rooms built over one another ('chambers above'), paralleling the setting language in Jer 35:4 about rooms/chambers in the temple complex where the Rechabites were brought.
Alternative generated candidates
- And I brought them into the house of the LORD, into the chamber of the sons of Hananiah son of Igniah, the man of God, which was by the chamber of the officials, above the chamber of Maaseiah son of Shallum, the doorkeeper.
- And I brought them into the house of the LORD and set them in the chamber of the sons of Hanan son of Yegdaliah, the man of God, which is beside the chamber of the officials, above the chamber of Maaseiah son of Shallum, the doorkeeper.
Jer.35.5 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ואתן: VERB,qal,impf,1,sg
- לפני: PREP
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הרכבים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- גבעים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- מלאים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- יין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וכסות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ואמר: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- אליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
- שתו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- יין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Jeremiah 35:6-11 (structural): Immediate continuation of the scene: the Rechabites refuse the wine and explain Jonadab son of Rechab's command, providing the fuller context and outcome of Jeremiah's presentation.
- Numbers 6:1-4 (thematic): Both this passage and the Nazirite regulations involve a vow of abstention from wine and strong drink; theme of voluntary abstinence as a religious commitment.
- 2 Kings 10:15 (allusion): Mentions Jonadab (son of Rechab), the ancestor whose commands define the Rechabites' way of life—links the Jeremiah episode to historical/personal tradition of Jonadab.
- Ezekiel 12:1-6 (structural): Both prophets use lived actions or staged testimonies (Ezekiel's symbolic enactments; Jeremiah's presenting the Rechabites) as demonstrative prophetic signs to communicate God's message.
- Proverbs 20:1 (thematic): Reflects a biblical stance on wine as morally and socially problematic ('wine is a mocker'), contrasting with the Rechabites' commendable abstention and its ethical significance.
Alternative generated candidates
- And I set before the men of the house of the Rechabites cups full of wine and bowls, and I said to them, 'Drink wine.'
- And I set bowls full of wine before the house of the Rechabites and cups, and I said to them, ‘Drink wine.’
Jer.35.6 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ויאמרו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,pl
- לא: PART_NEG
- נשתה: VERB,qal,impf,3,pl
- יין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- יונדב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- רכב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אבינו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,prsuf1pl
- צוה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- עלינו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
- לאמר: INF,qal,infc
- לא: PART_NEG
- תשתו: VERB,qal,imperf,2,m,pl,NA
- יין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- ובניכם: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs+SUFF,2mp
- עד: PREP
- עולם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Jeremiah 35:2-3 (structural): Immediate context: the Rechabites explain their tradition from Jonadab (Jehonadab) commanding perpetual abstention from wine.
- Numbers 6:1-4 (thematic): Nazirite vow forbids wine and strong drink—a parallel instance of a consecratory prohibition on consuming wine.
- 1 Samuel 1:11 (thematic): Hannah makes a personal vow to abstain from wine until her circumstances change, showing the motif of vow-based abstention.
- 2 Kings 10:15 (allusion): Mentions Jehonadab (Jonadab) son of Rechab as a historical figure allied with Jehu, providing background to the Rechabite tradition cited in Jeremiah.
- Ezekiel 44:21 (thematic): Regulation that priests must not drink wine when entering the inner court—another biblical prohibition linking ritual/office and abstention from wine.
Alternative generated candidates
- But they answered, 'We will not drink wine; for Jonadab son of Rechab our father commanded us, saying,
- But they answered, ‘We will not drink wine; for Jonadab son of Rechab our father commanded us, “You shall not drink wine, you nor your sons — forever.
Jer.35.7 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ובית: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,cs
- לא: PART_NEG
- תבנו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- וזרע: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- תזרעו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- וכרם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- תטעו: VERB,qal,imprf,2,m,pl
- ולא: CONJ
- יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- כי: CONJ
- באהלים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- תשבו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- כל: DET
- ימיכם: NOUN,m,pl,cs+2mp
- למען: PREP
- תחיו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- ימים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- רבים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- על: PREP
- פני: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- האדמה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- גרים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- שם: ADV
Parallels
- Jeremiah 35:18-19 (structural): Immediate internal parallel: the chapter concludes by contrasting the Rechabites' obedience (they lived in tents and abstained from wine) with Judah's disobedience; God commends the Rechabites and promises judgment/salvation accordingly.
- Numbers 6:1-21 (thematic): Nazirite regulations: like the Rechabite injunction against wine, the Nazirite vow prescribes abstention from wine and other consecrated lifestyle restrictions—both are communal/ritual forms of separation as a mark of faithfulness.
- Deuteronomy 11:9 (thematic): Deuteronomic promise language linking obedience to prolonged life in the land—Jer. 35:7 likewise ties the Rechabite way of life (dwelling in tents, abstaining) to living many days in the land.
- Hebrews 11:9 (allusion): The New Testament description of the patriarchs dwelling ‘in tents’ while looking for the promised land echoes the motif of tent-dwelling as faithful, transitory residence in the land, paralleling Jer. 35:7’s positive valuation of living in tents.
Alternative generated candidates
- Neither shall you build houses, nor sow seed, nor plant vineyards; you shall dwell in tents all your days, so that you may live many days in the land where you sojourn.”’
Jer.35.8 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ונשמע: VERB,qal,perf,1,pl
- בקול: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהונדב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- רכב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אבינו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,prsuf1pl
- לכל: PREP
- אשר: PRON,rel
- צונו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לבלתי: PART,neg
- שתות: VERB,qal,inf
- יין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כל: DET
- ימינו: NOUN,m,sg,suff-3ms
- אנחנו: PRON,1,pl
- נשינו: NOUN,f,pl,suff:1,pl
- בנינו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+1,pl
- ובנתינו: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,suff:1,pl
Parallels
- Jeremiah 35:11-12 (structural): Immediate literary parallel in the same episode: God commends the Rechabites for obeying Jonadab’s command, contrasting their obedience with Judah’s disobedience.
- 2 Kings 10:15 (verbal): Mentions Jonadab son of Rechab by name—links the historical figure and the Rechabite tradition of abstaining from wine to the Deuteronomistic narrative about Jehu.
- Numbers 6:1-4 (thematic): Nazirite vow forbids wine and fermented drink; parallels the Rechabites’ sustained communal prohibition on drinking as an ascetic/ritual practice.
- Luke 1:15 (thematic): Prophecy that John the Baptist ‘will drink neither wine nor strong drink’ echoes the motif of sanctified abstention from wine as a sign of devotion or consecration.
Alternative generated candidates
- Thus we have obeyed the voice of Jonadab son of Rechab our father in all that he commanded us: we neither drank wine, he and his sons, to this day; we have kept the charge of our father.
Jer.35.9 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ולבלתי: CONJ+PART,inf+neg
- בנות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- בתים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- לשבתנו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,1,pl,abs
- וכרם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ושדה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וזרע: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לנו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
Parallels
- Numbers 6:1-4 (thematic): Both describe a consecrated abstention from wine and a lifestyle of separation from settled agricultural practices (Nazirite vow forbids wine and marks a separated way of life).
- Luke 1:15 (allusion): John the Baptist is described as one who will not drink wine or strong drink—a later New Testament instance of communal/individual abstention from wine for religious purposes, echoing the Rechabite practice.
- Amos 6:4-6 (thematic): Contrasts the prophetic critique of those who 'sit in luxury, eat lambs and calves, and drink wine' and live in houses and vineyards with the Rechabites' commanded avoidance of houses, vineyards, and wine.
- Hebrews 11:9 (structural): Speaks of patriarchal tent-dwelling as an act of faith/sojourning; thematically related to the Rechabites' instructed non-settlement (living apart from houses and permanent fields).
Alternative generated candidates
- We have not made daughters wives for our sons, nor have we taken wives for our daughters;
Jer.35.10 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ונשב: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,pl
- באהלים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ונשמע: VERB,qal,perf,1,pl
- ונעש: VERB,qal,impf,3,pl
- ככל: PREP
- אשר: PRON,rel
- צונו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יונדב: NOUN,prop,m,sg
- אבינו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,prsuf1pl
Parallels
- Jeremiah 35:6-7 (structural): Immediate narrative context: recounts Jonadab (Yondab) son of Rechab's command that his descendants live in tents, not drink wine, not build houses, and the report that they obeyed—same episode as v.10.
- 2 Kings 10:15 (allusion): Mentions Jehonadab (Jonadab) son of Rechab who allied with Jehu; connects the Rechabite family identity and traditions referenced in Jeremiah 35.
- Numbers 6:3 (thematic): Part of the Nazirite regulations forbidding wine; thematically parallels the Rechabite prohibition on drinking wine as an established communal vow/discipline.
- Hebrews 11:9 (verbal): Speaks of the patriarchs 'dwelling in tents' as faithful sojourners—echoes the motif of living in tents (nomadic/communal obedience) found in Jeremiah 35:10.
Alternative generated candidates
- we have no vineyard, nor field, nor seed; we have dwelt in tents and we have obeyed and done all that Jonadab our father commanded us.
Jer.35.11 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- בעלות: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- נבוכדראצר: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- בבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ונאמר: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,sg
- באו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- ונבוא: VERB,qal,impf,1,m,pl
- ירושלם: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מפני: PREP
- חיל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הכשדים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- ומפני: CONJ+PREP
- חיל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ארם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ונשב: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,pl
- בירושלם: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- 2 Kings 24:1 (verbal): Same basic wording and action — “Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came up” — introducing the Babylonian campaign that prompts movement toward Jerusalem.
- 2 Kings 25:8-11 (structural): Narrative of Nebuchadnezzar’s capture and destruction of Jerusalem and the deportation of its people — the consummation of the threat alluded to in Jer 35:11.
- Jeremiah 39:1-10 (structural): Within Jeremiah’s own account the fall of Jerusalem to Nebuchadnezzar is described in detail; parallels the context of people shifting into the city because of Chaldean/Aramean military pressure.
- 2 Chronicles 36:17-20 (thematic): Chronicles’ summary of Judah’s end under Nebuchadnezzar (burning the house, exile to Babylon) echoes the same theme of Babylonian invasion and its consequences for those seeking refuge in Jerusalem.
Alternative generated candidates
- But when Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came up against the land, we said, “Come, let us go to Jerusalem because of the Chaldean and the Aramean army,” so we entered and dwelt in Jerusalem.
Jer.35.12 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- ירמיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לאמר: INF,qal,infc
Parallels
- Jeremiah 1:4 (verbal): The identical prophetic introductory formula — 'The word of the LORD came to Jeremiah, saying' — marking the start of a divine utterance to the prophet.
- Joel 1:1 (verbal): Uses the same 'word of the LORD to [prophet]' formulation ('The word of the LORD that came to Joel'), a common prophetic introduction announcing divine speech.
- Ezekiel 2:1 (verbal): Another instance of the formula 'The word of the LORD came to [prophet]' (Hebrew phrasing like 'and the word of the LORD came to Ezekiel, saying'), serving the same function of introducing a prophetic message.
- 1 Kings 17:2 (verbal): Reports 'the word of the LORD came to Elijah, saying…' — a similar narrative device in the narrative prophets where God directly addresses a prophet with instructions or revelation.
- Isaiah 1:1 (structural): A parallel structural introduction to prophetic material ('The vision of Isaiah son of Amoz…'), showing a different but related way prophetic books signal the reception of divine revelation.
Alternative generated candidates
- Then the word of the LORD came to Jeremiah, saying,
Jer.35.13 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- כה: ADV
- אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- צבאות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הלך: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- ואמרת: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- לאיש: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- וליושבי: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- ירושלם: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הלוא: PART
- תקחו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- מוסר: NOUN,m,sg,const
- לשמע: INF,qal,infc
- אל: NEG
- דברי: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,1,c,sg
- נאם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Jeremiah 7:25-26 (verbal): God recounts that he sent all his servants the prophets repeatedly but the people did not listen—closely parallels Jeremiah 35:13's summons to hear and take warning.
- Jeremiah 25:4-5 (verbal): A parallel statement that from the days of their fathers God sent prophets to call Israel to listen and turn; echoes the same motif of divine warning and failure to heed.
- Ezekiel 33:7-9 (structural): The prophet is appointed as a watchman who must 'warn' the house of Israel; structurally parallels Jeremiah’s command to 'go and tell' and urge people to listen to God’s word.
- Isaiah 1:19-20 (thematic): A call to obedience—'if you are willing and obedient... if you refuse and rebel'—themes of heeding God's word to avert judgment echo Jeremiah 35:13’s summons to take warning.
Alternative generated candidates
- Thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Go and say to the men of Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, “Will you not take warning and give heed to my words?” —declares the LORD—
Jer.35.14 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- הוקם: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- דברי: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,1,c,sg
- יהונדב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- רכב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- צוה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- לבלתי: PART,neg
- שתות: VERB,qal,inf
- יין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ולא: CONJ
- שתו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- עד: PREP
- היום: NOUN,m,sg,def
- הזה: DEM,m,sg
- כי: CONJ
- שמעו: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- מצות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- אביהם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
- ואנכי: PRON,1,sg
- דברתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,c,sg
- אליכם: PREP+PRON,2,pl
- השכם: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ודבר: VERB,qal,fut,3,m,sg
- ולא: CONJ
- שמעתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- אלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
Parallels
- Jeremiah 35:6-7 (structural): Immediate narrative parallel: describes Jehonadab's command to his sons not to drink wine and their continued obedience—same incident referenced in 35:14.
- Jeremiah 35:18-19 (structural): Continuation/conclusion of the episode: God commends the Rechabites for obeying Jehonadab and contrasts their faithfulness with Judah’s disobedience—direct theological outcome of the event in 35:14.
- Jeremiah 7:24 (verbal): Similar prophetic rebuke formula—'they did not obey or incline their ear'—parallels Jeremiah’s complaint in 35:14 that he has spoken repeatedly but they did not heed.
- Numbers 6:3 (thematic): The Nazirite abstention from wine echoes Jehonadab’s prohibition; both describe a vow/command to refrain from wine as a form of dedicated obedience.
Alternative generated candidates
- “The words of Jonadab son of Rechab that he commanded his sons have been kept: they have not drunk wine to this day because they obeyed the command of their father. Yet I have spoken to you persistently, early and often, and I have sent to you;
Jer.35.15 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ואשלח: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- אליכם: PREP+PRON,2,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- כל: DET
- עבדי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- הנבאים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- השכים: VERB,qal,ptc,m,pl,def
- ושלח: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- לאמר: INF,qal,infc
- שבו: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,pl
- נא: PART
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מדרכו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- הרעה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- והיטיבו: CONJ+VERB,qal,impv,2,pl
- מעלליכם: NOUN,m,pl,suff:2,m,pl
- ואל: CONJ+PREP
- תלכו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- אחרי: PREP
- אלהים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אחרים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- לעבדם: VERB,qal,inf,3,m,pl
- ושבו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- אל: NEG
- האדמה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נתתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- ולאבתיכם: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:2,pl
- ולא: CONJ
- הטיתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- אזנכם: NOUN,f,pl,suff
- ולא: CONJ
- שמעתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- אלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
Parallels
- Jeremiah 25:4–7 (verbal): Nearly identical wording: God repeatedly sent his servants the prophets, rising early and sending, to call Israel to repent and not follow other gods; the people did not listen.
- Jeremiah 7:25–26 (verbal): Same complaint phrasing—God sent prophets early and often to warn the people to forsake evil and return, but they would not heed, prompting judgment.
- 2 Chronicles 36:15–16 (thematic): Describes God sending prophets to call Judah to repentance and the people's hostile response (mocking, persecuting, killing), echoing the failure to heed prophetic warnings.
- 2 Kings 17:13 (thematic): Summarizes that the LORD testified against Israel by every prophet and seer because they would not listen—parallels the motif of prophetic missions met with disobedience.
- Ezekiel 2:3–7 (thematic): God commissions a prophet to speak to a rebellious house that will not listen—reflects the theme of prophets sent to call for repentance though the audience is recalcitrant.
Alternative generated candidates
- I sent to you all my servants the prophets, rising early and sending them, saying, ‘Return, each one, from his evil way and amend your deeds, and do not go after other gods to serve them; then you will live in the land that I gave to you and to your fathers.’ But you did not incline your ear or listen to me.
Jer.35.16 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- הקימו: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,pl
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- יהונדב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- רכב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- מצות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- אביהם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
- אשר: PRON,rel
- צום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- והעם: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,def
- הזה: DEM,m,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- שמעו: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,pl
- אלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
Parallels
- 2 Kings 10:15 (allusion): Mentions Jonadab son of Rechab—the Rechabite leader whose instructions gave rise to the abstinent way of life that Jeremiah praises; links the narrative background for the Rechabites' obedience.
- Jeremiah 35:18-19 (structural): Immediate context and direct counterpart: God contrasts the Rechabites' obedience to their ancestor’s command with Judah’s failure to heed the LORD, and pronounces judgment accordingly.
- Jeremiah 7:23 (verbal): Uses the same motif and language of divine command and human failure—'I commanded... but they did not obey/hearken'—echoing the contrast between obedience and disobedience.
- Psalm 78:8 (thematic): Speaks of the danger of becoming 'a stubborn and rebellious generation' like the fathers; thematically parallels the indictment of Israel’s persistent disobedience contrasted with the Rechabites' faithfulness.
Alternative generated candidates
- For the sons of Jonadab son of Rechab have kept the charge of their father, but this people has not listened to me.
Jer.35.17 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- לכן: ADV
- כה: ADV
- אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- צבאות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הנני: PRT+PRON,1,sg
- מביא: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- אל: NEG
- יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- ואל: CONJ+PREP
- כל: DET
- יושבי: PTC,qal,ptc,mp,cons
- ירושלם: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- כל: DET
- הרעה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- דברתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,c,sg
- עליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
- יען: CONJ
- דברתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,c,sg
- אליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
- ולא: CONJ
- שמעו: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,pl
- ואקרא: VERB,qal,imperfect,1,_,sg
- להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- ולא: CONJ
- ענו: VERB,qal,imp,2,pl
Parallels
- Jeremiah 25:8-9 (verbal): Same causal formula: because they would not listen to God’s words I will bring the disaster—God dispatches foreign judgment against the land for ignoring prophetic warnings.
- Jeremiah 11:11 (structural): Identical prophetic formula (“Therefore thus says the LORD… behold, I will bring upon them…”) announcing unavoidable calamity as punishment for covenant breach.
- Jeremiah 7:25-26 (thematic): Emphasizes repeated sending of prophets and the people’s refusal to listen or heed, which provokes the LORD’s judgment—same motif of ignored warnings leading to punishment.
- Jeremiah 35:15 (structural): Immediate context: God recounts sending prophets and offering life or death, then declares recompense because the people would not obey—verse 17 states the consequent judgment referred to in verse 15.
Alternative generated candidates
- Therefore thus says the LORD, the God of hosts, the God of Israel: Behold, I will bring upon Judah and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem all the calamity that I have pronounced against them, because I spoke to them and they did not listen; I called to them and they did not answer.
Jer.35.18 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ולבית: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הרכבים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- ירמיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כה: ADV
- אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- צבאות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יען: CONJ
- אשר: PRON,rel
- שמעתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- על: PREP
- מצות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- יהונדב: NOUN,prop,m,sg
- אביכם: NOUN,m,sg,abs,2,mp
- ותשמרו: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- כל: DET
- מצותיו: NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- ותעשו: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- ככל: PREP
- אשר: PRON,rel
- צוה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
Parallels
- 2 Kings 10:15-16 (allusion): Mentions Jehonadab (Jonadab) son of Rechab and his association with Jehu—background for the Rechabite tradition and the origin of the commands the Rechabites observed.
- Jeremiah 35:6-7 (verbal): Earlier in the same chapter records the specific commands of Jonadab (to dwell in tents, not to drink wine, not to plant vineyards) that the Rechabites kept—directly parallels the statement of their obedience.
- Jeremiah 35:19 (structural): Immediate continuation / consequence: God’s promise of reward to the Rechabites because they obeyed Jonadab’s commands—directly tied to the commendation in v.18.
- Proverbs 6:20 (thematic): Admonishes children to keep their father's instruction—thematises filial obedience to a father's commands, echoing the Rechabites’ faithful observance of Jonadab’s injunctions.
- Deuteronomy 28:1 (thematic): Promises blessing for obedience to the LORD’s commandments—parallels the theme that faithful observance of prescribed commands brings divine favor (as applied to the Rechabites in Jeremiah).
Alternative generated candidates
- And to the house of the Rechabites Jeremiah said, Thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Because you have obeyed the command of Jonadab your father and have kept all his precepts and have done all that he commanded you,
Jer.35.19 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- לכן: ADV
- כה: ADV
- אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- צבאות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- יכרת: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ליונדב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- רכב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עמד: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לפני: PREP
- כל: DET
- הימים: NOUN,m,pl,def
Parallels
- Jeremiah 35:18 (structural): Immediate context—verse 18 gives the reason (their obedience to Jonadab) for the promise in v.19 that the house of Jonadab/Rеchabites will not fail before the LORD.
- 2 Samuel 7:16 (thematic): God’s promise that David’s house and throne will be established 'forever' parallels the motif of an enduring family/line that will 'stand before' God perpetually.
- Psalm 89:3-4 (thematic): The psalm’s affirmation of an eternal covenant with David ('I will establish the offspring of David forever') echoes the language of perpetual continuity used in Jeremiah 35:19.
- 1 Samuel 2:30-36 (thematic): Contrast passage: Eli’s house is threatened with removal for failure to obey God, highlighting the opposite outcome—preservation—promised to the obedient house of Jonadab in Jeremiah 35:19.
- Joshua 6:25 (thematic): Example of a non-Israelite (Rahab) being spared and preserved because of allegiance to Yahweh—parallels the broader theme that faithfulness/obedience to God leads to protection and continued standing before Him.
Alternative generated candidates
- therefore thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Jonadab son of Rechab shall not lack a man to stand before me continually.
The word that came to Jeremiah from the LORD in the days of Jehoiakim son of Josiah, king of Judah, saying:
Go to the house of the Rechabites, and speak to them; and bring them into the house of the LORD, into one of the chambers, and give them wine to drink.
Then I took Jaazaniah son of Jeremiah son of Habaziniah, and his brothers, and all his sons, and all the house of the Rechabites. And I brought them into the house of the LORD, into the chamber of the sons of Hananiah son of Jedaliah, the man of God, which was beside the chamber of the officials, above the chamber of Maaseiah son of Shallum, keeper of the threshold.
I set before the men of the house of the Rechabites bowls full of wine and cups, and I said to them, "Drink wine." But they said, "We will not drink wine; for Jonadab son of Rechab our father commanded us, 'You shall not drink wine— you or your sons forever.'"
"You shall not build houses for yourselves, nor sow seed, nor plant vineyards, nor have any of these things; but you shall dwell in tents all your days, that you may live long in the land where you sojourn." So we obeyed the voice of Jonadab son of Rechab our father in all that he commanded us: we have not drunk wine— we, our wives, our sons, or our daughters—
nor have we built houses for ourselves, nor have we had vineyards or fields or seed. But we have dwelt in tents; we have obeyed and done all that Jonadab our father commanded us. And it came to pass, when Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came up against the land, that we said, "Come, let us go to Jerusalem, for fear of the Chaldeans and for fear of the Syrians," and we dwelt in Jerusalem.
Then the word of the LORD came to Jeremiah, saying, Thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Go and say to the men of Judah and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, "Will you not take instruction to hear my words?"
The command of Jonadab son of Rechab which he commanded his sons you have observed; you have not drunk wine to this day because you obeyed the charge of your father. And I have spoken to you early and often, but you would not listen to me.
I sent to you all my servants the prophets, rising up early and sending them, saying, "Return every one from his evil way and amend your deeds, and do not go after other gods to serve them; then you shall dwell in the land which I gave to you and to your fathers"—but you did not give ear or listen to me.
For the sons of Jonadab son of Rechab have performed the commandment of their father, which he commanded them; but this people has not hearkened to me.
Therefore thus says the LORD, the God of hosts, the God of Israel: Behold, I will bring upon Judah and upon all the inhabitants of Jerusalem all the calamity that I have declared against them, because I spoke to them and they did not hear, and I called to them and they did not answer. And to the house of the Rechabites Jeremiah said, "Thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Because you have obeyed the command of Jonadab your father, and have kept all his precepts and done all that he commanded you,
therefore thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Jonadab son of Rechab shall not lack a man to stand before me forever."