Oracles against Egypt
Jeremiah 46:1-28
Jer.46.1 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- אשר: PRON,rel
- היה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- ירמיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הנביא: NOUN,m,sg,def
- על: PREP
- הגוים: NOUN,m,pl,def
Parallels
- Jeremiah 1:2 (verbal): Same prophetic introductory formula ('the word of the LORD came to Jeremiah') establishing the prophet's reception of oracles.
- Jeremiah 47:1 (structural): Parallel heading in the same book introducing another oracle 'concerning the Philistines'—same structural pattern for oracles against foreign nations.
- Isaiah 13:1 (thematic): Header introducing an oracle 'concerning Babylon' (Hebrew masa‘)—comparable prophetic genre and purpose: a pronouncement against a foreign nation.
- Nahum 1:1 (structural): Opens with an 'oracle/concerning Nineveh'—another prophetic heading framing a judgment oracle against a nation, paralleling Jeremiah's framing here.
Alternative generated candidates
- The word of the LORD came to Jeremiah the prophet concerning the nations.
- The word of the LORD that came to Jeremiah the prophet concerning the nations.
Jer.46.2 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- למצרים: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,pl
- על: PREP
- חיל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- פרעה: NOUN,m,sg,def
- נכו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- היה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- על: PREP
- נהר: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- פרת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בכרכמש: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- הכה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- נבוכדראצר: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- בבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בשנת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,cons
- הרביעית: ADJ,f,sg,def
- ליהויקים: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יאשיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
Parallels
- 2 Kings 23:29 (verbal): Mentions Pharaoh Neco going to the river Euphrates and fighting at Carchemish—the same campaign/location (Carchemish/Euphrates) referenced in Jeremiah 46:2.
- 2 Chronicles 35:20-24 (thematic): Records Pharaoh Neco's encounter with King Josiah (his death at Megiddo) and sets the Egyptian intervention that frames the rise of Jehoiakim and later Babylonian actions mentioned in Jeremiah.
- Daniel 1:1 (structural): Dates Nebuchadnezzar's attack on Jerusalem to the reign of Jehoiakim (third year), providing a chronological parallel to Jeremiah's reference to Nebuchadnezzar striking Neco in Jehoiakim's fourth year.
- 2 Chronicles 36:3-4 (verbal): Describes Pharaoh Neco's removal of Jehoahaz and installation of Jehoiakim (and Neco's actions in the region), directly linking Pharaoh Neco to the political context invoked in Jeremiah 46:2.
Alternative generated candidates
- Concerning Egypt: concerning the army of Pharaoh Necho king of Egypt, who was by the river Euphrates at Carchemish, whom Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon struck—in the fourth year of Jehoiakim son of Josiah king of Judah.
- Against Egypt—concerning the army of Pharaoh Necho, king of Egypt, that was by the river Euphrates at Carchemish, which Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon struck in the fourth year of Jehoiakim son of Josiah, king of Judah.
Jer.46.3 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ערכו: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,pl
- מגן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וצנה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וגשו: CONJ+VERB,qal,impv,2,m,pl
- למלחמה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Joel 3:9-10 (thematic): A summons to prepare for battle—'Prepare war... let all the men of war draw near'—parallels Jeremiah's imperative to array shield and buckler and advance.
- 1 Samuel 17:41 (verbal): Describes the shield-bearer going before the combatant ('the man that bare the shield went before him'), echoing Jeremiah's concrete imagery of shield and buckler in readiness for battle.
- Ezekiel 7:14 (structural): Depicts sounding and making ready for conflict ('They have blown the cornet, and made all ready'), a parallel scene of martial preparation and impending judgment similar to Jeremiah's call to arm.
- Psalm 18:34 (thematic): Speaks of being trained and equipped for war ('He teaches my hands to war'), thematically connecting God's people being made ready for combat to Jeremiah's exhortation to take up shield and buckler.
Alternative generated candidates
- Set up the shield and the buckler; advance to battle.
- Set up the shield and the buckler; advance for battle.
Jer.46.4 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- אסרו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- הסוסים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- ועלו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- הפרשים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- והתיצבו: VERB,hitpael,wayyiqtol,3,m,pl
- בכובעים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- מרקו: VERB,piel,perf,3,m,pl
- הרמחים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- לבשו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
- הסרינת: NOUN,f,sg,def
Parallels
- Joel 3:9-10 (thematic): A general summons to prepare for battle—'Proclaim this among the nations: Prepare for war'—echoes Jeremiah's call to harness horses and ready weapons.
- Nahum 2:4-5 (verbal): Graphic martial imagery of chariots and horsemen charging and lances being shaken parallels Jeremiah's depiction of mounting chariots, polishing spears, and donning armor.
- Isaiah 21:6-7 (thematic): A sentry's report of riders, pairs of horsemen and chariots reflects the same scene of mounted troops and the urgency of military readiness found in Jeremiah 46:4.
- Habakkuk 1:8 (thematic): Vivid description of swift, fierce horses and mounted warriors corresponds to Jeremiah's emphasis on cavalry and the preparation for war.
Alternative generated candidates
- Harness the horses, mount the chariots; stand firm, troopers; brandish the spears, put on the coats of mail.
- Gird the horses; mount the steeds; stand up, you helmeted ones; brandish the spears; put on the breastplate.
Jer.46.5 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- מדוע: ADV
- ראיתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- המה: PRON,3,m,pl
- חתים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- נסגים: VERB,nif,ptc,3,m,pl
- אחור: ADV
- וגבוריהם: NOUN,m,pl,poss3mp
- יכתו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- ומנוס: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נסו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- ולא: CONJ
- הפנו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- מגור: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מסביב: ADV,loc
- נאם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Nahum 2:4 (verbal): Both verses portray warriors/mighty men stumbling and a rout: Nahum’s language about summoned mighty men who ‘stumble in their march’ closely parallels Jeremiah’s image of warriors falling and fleeing without looking back.
- Exodus 14:24-25 (thematic): The Egyptian host’s sudden panic, confusion and defeat at the Red Sea (they are struck and flee) parallels Jeremiah’s depiction of an army routed and unable to stand its ground.
- Isaiah 21:3-4 (thematic): Isaiah’s watchman vision registers fear, trembling and the sight of men fleeing or collapse—a similar scene of terror and military disintegration as in Jeremiah 46:5.
- Ezekiel 30:3-7 (allusion): Ezekiel’s oracle against Egypt predicts the coming of the sword, panic and the downfall of Egypt’s forces; the thematic motif of an enemy army routed before judgment echoes Jeremiah’s description of retreating, stumbling warriors.
Alternative generated candidates
- Why do I see them retreating—fugitives turned back? Their valiant men are smitten; they flee in flight and give no look back—all around is panic, declares the LORD.
- Why do I see them stagger and turn back? Their warriors cry aloud— they flee in panic and do not look back; terror all around, declares the LORD.
Jer.46.6 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- אל: NEG
- ינוס: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- הקל: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ואל: CONJ+PREP
- ימלט: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- הגבור: NOUN,m,sg,def
- צפונה: ADV
- על: PREP
- יד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נהר: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- פרת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- כשלו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- ונפלו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Jeremiah 46:5 (structural): Immediate context in the same oracle against Egypt—same imagery of fleeing troops and collapse of military strength (continuation of the ‘let not the swift flee…’ motif).
- Ezekiel 30:6-8 (thematic): Prophecy of a northern (Babylonian) invasion of Egypt; like Jeremiah 46:6 it depicts a crushing defeat of Egyptian forces by an army from the north and the ruin of the land.
- Habakkuk 1:6-8 (verbal): Describes the Chaldeans as a ‘swift’ and ruthless invading force (‘horses are swifter than leopards’); parallels Jeremiah’s emphasis on speed and unstoppable assault by a northern army.
- Isaiah 8:7-8 (allusion): Speaks of the Lord bringing up ‘the waters of the River’ (Euphrates) from the north as an instrument of judgment—similar geographic and symbolic use of the Euphrates/north as the avenue of conquest in Jeremiah 46:6.
- Nahum 2:3-6 (thematic): Vivid battlefield imagery of rushing chariots and swift, overwhelming attack and collapse; parallels Jeremiah’s depiction of swift forces routed and falling in the rout by the river.
Alternative generated candidates
- Let not the swift escape, nor let the mighty man flee away; northward, by the river Euphrates, they stumble and fall.
- Do not let the swift flee, nor let the warrior escape; northward by the river Euphrates they stumble and fall.
Jer.46.7 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- מי: PRON,interr,sg
- זה: PRON,dem,m,sg
- כיאר: CONJ
- יעלה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- כנהרות: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יתגעשו: VERB,hitpael,impf,3,m,pl
- מימיו: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs,3ms
Parallels
- Isaiah 8:7-8 (verbal): Both passages portray an invading force as rising waters/the River overflowing (the Euphrates), using very similar language of waters/banks and an overwhelming flood-like advance.
- Nahum 1:8 (thematic): Uses flood/overflow imagery for divine judgment and destruction—parallel theme of armies or judgment depicted as overwhelming waters sweeping away their targets.
- Psalm 93:3 (verbal): Speaks of floods lifting up their voice and roaring; a close verbal parallel to Jeremiah's image of waters being stirred and rising like a river.
- Psalm 124:3-4 (thematic): Describes danger from sweeping waters/streams as a threatening, overwhelming force—similar metaphor of peril likened to an inundating river or flood.
Alternative generated candidates
- Who is this that rises like the Nile, like rivers who surge with their waters?
- Who is this that comes up like the Nile, whose waters surge like rivers?
Jer.46.8 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- כיאר: CONJ
- יעלה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- וכנהרות: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יתגעשו: VERB,hitpael,impf,3,m,pl
- מים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- אעלה: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- אכסה: VERB,qal,impf,1,sg
- ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אבידה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- עיר: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- וישבי: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- בה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
Parallels
- Isaiah 19:1-4 (thematic): An oracle against Egypt that depicts disorder of waters and judgment on the land and cities; parallels Jeremiah’s image of rivers in turmoil and Egypt’s impending ruin.
- Ezekiel 29:8-12 (thematic): Ezekiel pronounces that Egypt will be made desolate and its cities laid waste—echoing Jeremiah’s declaration that the land, city, and inhabitants will be overwhelmed.
- Psalm 46:3 (verbal): Uses the motif of roaring/trepidatious waters (‘though the waters roar and foam’) similar to Jeremiah’s language of rivers being agitated.
- Nahum 1:4 (verbal): God ‘rebukes the sea and makes it dry’ and controls the rivers—verbal and thematic resonance with Jeremiah’s picture of turbulent waters as part of divine judgment.
Alternative generated candidates
- Egypt rises like the Nile; its waters surge and say, "I will rise, I will cover the land, I will destroy the city and those who dwell in it."
- Egypt rises like a flood; his waters surge. He says, “I will go up and cover the land; I will destroy the city and those who dwell in it.”
Jer.46.9 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- עלו: PREP+3ms_suff
- הסוסים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- והתהללו: VERB,hitpael,perf,3,m,pl
- הרכב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ויצאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- הגבורים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- כוש: NOUN,prop,sg,m
- ופוט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- תפשי: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- מגן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ולודים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- תפשי: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- דרכי: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,1,_,sg
- קשת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Ezekiel 30:4-5 (verbal): List of nations (Cush, Put, Lud) and an oracle against Egypt—verbal and contextual overlap with Jeremiah’s catalogue of foreign troops.
- Genesis 10:6,13-14 (verbal): Genealogical lists that name Cush (כּוּשׁ), Put (פּוּט) and the Ludim—background source for the ethnic names in Jeremiah’s muster.
- Psalm 20:7 (thematic): Contrasts reliance on chariots and horses with trust in God ('Some trust in chariots and some in horses')—echoes the military imagery of horses and chariots.
- Nahum 3:8-10 (thematic): Describes Thebes’ reliance on foreign warriors (including Ethiopians) and proud military strength—parallels Jeremiah’s depiction of allied troops and martial pomp.
- Habakkuk 3:8 (thematic): Uses vivid chariot/horse imagery and the advance of mighty troops in a theophanic battle scene—resonates with Jeremiah’s martial summons of horses, chariots and warriors.
Alternative generated candidates
- The horses come up, the chariots prance; the warriors come forth—Cush and Put take buckler, and Ludim handle the bowstrings.
- Advance, horses! Rage, chariots! Let warriors rise up—Cush and Put, who take the shield; Ludim, who take the bow.
Jer.46.10 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- והיום: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,def
- ההוא: DEM,ms,sg
- לאדני: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,m,poss1s
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- צבאות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נקמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- להנקם: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
- מצריו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- ואכלה: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,sg
- חרב: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ושבעה: NUM,m,pl,abs
- ורותה: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- מדמם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,3,m,pl,suff
- כי: CONJ
- זבח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לאדני: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,m,poss1s
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- צבאות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- בארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
- צפון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- נהר: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- פרת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Isaiah 34:8 (verbal): Uses the same phrase 'day of vengeance' and 'year of recompenses' linking divine vengeance and recompense for nations.
- Isaiah 63:4 (verbal): Explicit language of God's deliberate 'day of vengeance' and 'year of redemption/ recompense,' closely echoing Jeremiah's motif of divine retribution.
- Nahum 1:2-3 (thematic): Portrays the LORD as an avenging God who will execute judgment on nations—matching Jeremiah's announcement of a divinely waged, blood‑soaked vengeance.
- Joel 3:12-14 (thematic): Calls for nations to be gathered to the 'valley of decision' because 'the day of the LORD is near,' reflecting the theme of a decisive, punitive day of the Lord against nations.
- Revelation 6:9-11 (allusion): NT depiction of martyrs calling for God's vengeance and God’s righteous recompense echoes the OT motif of a sacrificial, blood‑filled day of the Lord vindicating his people.
Alternative generated candidates
- That day is the day of the LORD GOD of hosts—a day of vengeance to avenge himself on Egypt. The sword will devour and be sated; it will drink deep of their blood—for it is a sacrifice to the LORD of hosts in the land of the north, by the river Euphrates.
- For that day is the day of the LORD of hosts: a day of vengeance to avenge himself on Egypt. The sword shall devour and be sated, and it shall be filled with their blood; for the LORD of hosts has a sacrifice in the land of the north, by the river Euphrates.
Jer.46.11 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- עלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- גלעד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וקחי: VERB,qal,impv,2,f,sg
- צרי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בתולת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- בת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- לשוא: PREP
- הרבית: VERB,hif,perf,2,m,sg
- רפאות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- תעלה: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- אין: PART,neg
- לך: PRON,2,m,sg
Parallels
- Jeremiah 8:22 (verbal): Uses the same imagery and wording — 'Is there no balm in Gilead? Is there no physician?' — directly echoing the motif of futile remedies and the search for balm.
- Nahum 3:19 (thematic): Declares that a wound is incurable and that there is 'no healing' — parallels the proclamation that many medicines avail nothing for Egypt.
- Isaiah 1:6 (thematic): Speaks of a body with 'no soundness' and 'no healing' from head to foot, thematically similar to Jeremiah's depiction of a land whose remedies cannot heal.
- Isaiah 19:22 (thematic): Offers a contrasting oracle about Egypt: though under judgment, God will at a future time 'give them a savior' and heal them — contrasts Jeremiah's statement that current remedies are useless.
- Jeremiah 44:30 (structural): Another prophecy within Jeremiah against Egypt (specifically Pharaoh Hophra) that forms part of the book's sustained judgment theme against Egypt, situating 46:11 within Jeremiah's broader oracles about that nation.
Alternative generated candidates
- Go up to Gilead and take balm, O virgin daughter of Egypt; in vain you multiply remedies—there is no healing for you.
- Go up to Gilead and take balm, O virgin, daughter of Egypt; in vain you have multiplied remedies; there is no healing for you.
Jer.46.12 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- שמעו: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,pl
- גוים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- קלונך: NOUN,m,sg,abs,2,ms
- וצוחתך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2ms
- מלאה: ADV
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- כי: CONJ
- גבור: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- בגבור: PREP+NOUN,m,sg
- כשלו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- יחדיו: ADV
- נפלו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- שניהם: PRON,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Lamentations 2:15 (thematic): Passersby mock and hiss at the fallen city—similar theme of nations hearing and shaming the defeated (’hear your shame / cry’).
- Ezekiel 32:18-21 (thematic): A funeral lament over Egypt where ‘the strong among the mighty’ fall and lament—parallels the image of mighty warriors stumbling and both falling together.
- Jeremiah 50:46 (verbal): Speaks of the ‘noise’ and the ‘cry’ heard among the nations at a city’s fall—close wording and context of international hearing of shame/defeat.
- Revelation 18:9-10 (allusion): The kings and merchants stand afar off and cry ‘Alas, alas’ over a great city—New Testament echo of nations’ lament and shame at a city’s downfall.
Alternative generated candidates
- Hear, all peoples, your shame and your mocking shall fill the earth; for the warrior has stumbled against warrior—together they fall both of them.
- Hear, O nations, your shame; cry out, for the earth is full of your cries. For a warrior has struck down a warrior— they have fallen together.
Jer.46.13 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- הדבר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- ירמיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הנביא: NOUN,m,sg,def
- לבוא: VERB,qal,inf
- נבוכדראצר: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- בבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- להכות: VERB,qal,inf
- את: PRT,acc
- ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
Parallels
- Jeremiah 25:9 (thematic): Identifies Nebuchadnezzar as the king God raises up to execute judgment on nations—paralleling Jeremiah’s oracle about Nebuchadnezzar coming against Egypt.
- Jeremiah 46:2 (structural): Another introductory formula for an oracle against Egypt within the same chapter; both verses frame Jeremiah’s prophecies concerning Egyptian defeat.
- Ezekiel 29:18-20 (allusion): Ezekiel likewise foretells Nebuchadnezzar’s invasion and spoil of Egypt and describes God rewarding the Babylonian king for the task.
- Ezekiel 30:10-13 (thematic): Announces a coming assault on Egypt and its allies, explicitly portraying a Babylonian incursion comparable to Jeremiah’s prediction.
- Isaiah 19:1-4 (thematic): Isaiah’s oracle against Egypt proclaims impending divine judgment and upheaval in the land, thematically parallel to Jeremiah’s announcement of Nebuchadnezzar’s coming.
Alternative generated candidates
- The word that the LORD spoke to Jeremiah the prophet concerning the coming of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon to strike the land of Egypt.
- The word that the LORD spoke to Jeremiah the prophet, saying:
Jer.46.14 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- הגידו: VERB,hiph,impv,2,m,pl
- במצרים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- והשמיעו: CONJ+VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,pl
- במגדול: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- והשמיעו: CONJ+VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,pl
- בנף: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ובתחפנחס: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אמרו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- התיצב: VERB,hitp,imp,2,ms
- והכן: VERB,hiph,impv,2,m,sg
- לך: PRON,2,m,sg
- כי: CONJ
- אכלה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- חרב: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- סביביך: PREP+PRON,2,ms
Parallels
- Ezekiel 30:13-16 (verbal): Names the same Egyptian cities (Migdol, Memphis/Noph, Tahpanhes) and announces destruction by sword and foreign attack—close verbal and thematic parallel to Jeremiah’s proclamation to Egypt.
- Ezekiel 29:6-12 (thematic): Pronounces desolation of Egypt and deliverance into a conquering power’s hand (judgment on Nile-land and cities including Noph/Tahpanhes), echoing Jeremiah’s warning of sword and devastation.
- Joel 3:9-10 (Joel 4:9-10 in some numberings) (verbal): A public summons to the nations: 'Proclaim ye this among the nations; prepare war... beat your plowshares into swords'—parallels Jeremiah’s call to 'declare' and 'prepare' for battle.
- Isaiah 19:1-4 (thematic): Prophecy against Egypt announcing the Lord’s coming and ensuing turmoil; thematically parallels Jeremiah’s announcement of imminent sword and upheaval in Egyptian cities.
- Jeremiah 46:2-12 (structural): The surrounding context of Jeremiah 46 frames the same military judgment (battle imagery, commanders, flight), providing an immediate structural parallel that situates v.14 within the larger oracle against Egypt.
Alternative generated candidates
- Give a command in Egypt; proclaim it in Migdol; proclaim it in Noph and in Tahpanhes: "Stand firm and prepare yourselves, for the sword devours all around you."
- “Make a report in Egypt; proclaim in Migdol and in Noph and in Tahpanhes, and say, ‘Stand firm and prepare yourselves, for the sword shall devour round about you.’”
Jer.46.15 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- מדוע: ADV
- נסחף: VERB,nif,perf,3,m,pl
- אביריך: NOUN,m,pl,cstr+2ms
- לא: PART_NEG
- עמד: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- כי: CONJ
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- הדפו: VERB,hif,perf,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Isaiah 19:4-5 (thematic): Like Jeremiah’s oracle against Egypt, Isaiah depicts the LORD bringing internal collapse and rout among Egyptian forces—God as the cause of panic and defeat.
- Ezekiel 30:12-13 (thematic): Ezekiel’s prophecy against Egypt foretells the scattering and overthrow of Egypt’s warriors by a foreign power at the LORD’s command, paralleling Jeremiah’s theme of divine routing.
- Psalm 18:39-40 (verbal): The psalmist celebrates God’s power to make enemies fall and turn their backs—language and the image of warriors failing to stand echo Jeremiah’s depiction of routed might.
- 1 Samuel 14:15 (thematic): The sudden panic and rout in the Philistine camp (caused by the LORD) parallels Jeremiah’s depiction of commanders swept away and unable to stand in the face of divine judgement.
Alternative generated candidates
- Why were your valiant men swept away? They did not stand, for the LORD drove them back.
- Why were your valiant ones swept away? They did not stand, because the LORD drove them away.
Jer.46.16 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- הרבה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- כושל: VERB,qal,ptc,-,m,sg
- גם: ADV
- נפל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- רעהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- ויאמרו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,pl
- קומה: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,sg
- ונשבה: VERB,niphal,imperfect,1,m,pl
- אל: NEG
- עמנו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
- ואל: CONJ+PREP
- ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מולדתנו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+1pl
- מפני: PREP
- חרב: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- היונה: NOUN,f,sg,def
Parallels
- Isaiah 19:2 (thematic): Isaiah prophesies that ‘Egyptians will fight Egyptians’ and ‘every one will seize his brother,’ echoing the image of internal chaos—people stumbling and falling against one another in the face of disaster.
- Jeremiah 46:5 (structural): Earlier in the same oracle against Egypt Jeremiah depicts panic among chariots and horsemen (flight, confusion and collapse), providing immediate structural and verbal context for v.16’s picture of people stumbling and seeking to return home.
- Jeremiah 51:45 (thematic): A call to ‘go out of the midst of Babylon’ and save oneself from the LORD’s wrath parallels v.16’s urgent appeal to ‘arise’ and be taken back to one’s people and native land to escape the sword—both portray flight to avoid impending destruction.
- Ezekiel 30:11–13 (thematic): Ezekiel’s oracle against Egypt speaks of the sword, slaughter, and the scattering/capture of Egyptians—themes of violent assault and forced displacement that mirror Jeremiah’s depiction of people fleeing and longing for their native land.
- Zephaniah 1:14–15 (thematic): Zephaniah’s ‘day of wrath’ images—panic, distress, stumbling and helpless flight—resonate with Jeremiah’s portrayal of widespread alarm, people falling one upon another and desperate attempts to escape by returning to their own people.
Alternative generated candidates
- Many are stunned; each falls upon his neighbor. They say, "Arise, let us return to our people, to the land of our birth, for the sword of the LORD is upon us."
- Many have stumbled; each has fallen upon his neighbor. They said, “Rise, let us return to our people, to the land of our birth, for the sword of the oppressor.”
Jer.46.17 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- קראו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- שם: ADV
- פרעה: NOUN,m,sg,def
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- שאון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- העביר: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,sg
- המועד: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Jeremiah 44:30 (thematic): Another Jeremiah oracle naming Pharaoh Hophra and predicting his downfall — continues the theme that Egypt’s ruler will be delivered into judgment.
- Ezekiel 29:3-6 (thematic): Ezekiel addresses Pharaoh king of Egypt and announces that his strength and pride will be broken and Egypt made desolate, paralleling Jeremiah’s declaration that Pharaoh’s time is past.
- Ezekiel 30:12-13 (thematic): Prophesies a decisive day of the LORD against Egypt and the invasion by Babylon — echoes Jeremiah’s message that Pharaoh’s appointed time has come.
- Isaiah 19:1-4 (thematic): Isaiah predicts turmoil and internal collapse for Egypt (Egyptians against Egyptians), reflecting the same theme of impending defeat and the end of Pharaoh’s power.
- Jeremiah 25:22 (thematic): Lists Pharaoh king of Egypt among the nations to drink God’s cup of judgment, linking to Jeremiah 46:17’s announcement that Pharaoh’s era is finished.
Alternative generated candidates
- Declare it: Pharaoh king of Egypt is put to shame; his tumult is ended and his day has passed.
- They have called there Pharaoh king of Egypt a clamor that passes away.
Jer.46.18 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- חי: ADJ,m,sg
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- נאם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המלך: NOUN,m,sg,def
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- צבאות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- שמו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- כי: CONJ
- כתבור: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בהרים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- וככרמל: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בים: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יבוא: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Judges 4:6-14 (allusion): Mount Tabor as the assembly/launching point for Barak's attack (Barak coming down from Tabor) — Jeremiah's 'like Tabor among the mountains' evokes this martial/coming-from-the-mountain motif.
- 1 Kings 18:20-39 (thematic): Elijah's confrontation and divine vindication on Mount Carmel — Carmel as the scene of God's decisive intervention, echoing Jeremiah's 'like Carmel by the sea shall he come.'
- Psalm 89:12 (verbal): Speaks of Tabor (and Hermon) rejoicing in God's name — uses the same mountain imagery to associate heights with God's presence and action, paralleling Jeremiah's mountain simile.
- Habakkuk 3:3-7 (thematic): A prophetic vision of God coming from the mountains (Teman/Paran) with cosmic signs — parallels the motif of a powerful coming associated with high places and dramatic divine movement.
Alternative generated candidates
- As I live—declares the King, whose name is the LORD of hosts—surely he shall come like Tabor among the mountains, and like Carmel by the sea.
- “As I live,” says the king—“the name of the LORD of hosts”—“surely, as Tabor among the mountains and as Carmel by the sea, so shall he come.”
Jer.46.19 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- כלי: NOUN,m,pl,const
- גולה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- עשי: VERB,qal,impv,2,f,sg
- לך: PRON,2,m,sg
- יושבת: VERB,qal,ptc,.,f,sg
- בת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- כי: CONJ
- נף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לשמה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- תהיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,f,sg
- ונצתה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- מאין: ADV,interrog
- יושב: VERB,qal,ptcp,1,m,sg
Parallels
- Isaiah 19:1 (thematic): Another oracle against Egypt that announces Yahweh’s swift judgment on the land—sets the same prophetic frame of Egypt’s downfall as a nation (parallel theme of divine attack on Egypt).
- Isaiah 19:17 (thematic): Speaks of the shame and desolation of Egypt and calls out the 'daughter of Egypt' motif—echoes Jeremiah’s picture of depopulation and humiliation ('no one dwelling').
- Ezekiel 29:8–12 (verbal): Ezekiel prophesies that Egypt will be made a desolation and its cities a waste, with people taken into exile—language and outcome (desolation, lack of inhabitants, exile) closely parallel Jeremiah 46:19’s picture of an emptied Egypt.
- Ezekiel 30:12–13 (thematic): Announces the end of Egypt’s power and the coming desolation by the sword—shares the theme of decisive divine judgment and the removal of inhabitants from the land.
- Jeremiah 44:11–14 (structural): Jeremiah’s contemporaneous warning to Judean refugees in Egypt about coming disaster links to the same prophetic context: Egypt as a place of failed refuge and impending judgment (structural/thematic parallel within Jeremiah’s prophecies).
Alternative generated candidates
- O daughter who dwells at the mouth of the Nile, make for yourself mourning instruments; for you shall be a desolation—none shall dwell in you.
- A mingled people will be your seat—O daughter of Egypt; but you shall be stripped and made desolate, and no one shall inhabit you.
Jer.46.20 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- עגלה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- יפה: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- פיה: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,f
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- קרץ: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- מצפון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- בא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Jeremiah 46:19 (structural): Immediate context: the same 'beautiful heifer' metaphor is introduced and expanded in the preceding verse, linking Egypt to a well‑favored heifer coming up the Nile and heading to the threshing floor.
- Hosea 10:11 (verbal): Uses the image of a 'trained heifer' that loves to thresh — a close verbal and thematic parallel connecting a bovine metaphor with threshing/harvest imagery to describe a nation.
- Ezekiel 29:3 (allusion): Refers to Pharaoh/Egypt as a great dragon lying in the midst of its rivers (the Nile); parallels the association of Egypt with river imagery and an animal symbol vulnerable to divine judgment.
- Isaiah 19:5-7 (thematic): Isaiah's oracle against Egypt invokes the Nile, drought, and the loss of agricultural productivity — thematically echoing Jeremiah's picture of Egypt's fate on the threshing floor and in the harvest.
- Joel 3:13 (thematic): Calls for the sickle and harvest imagery ('for the harvest of the earth is ripe'), resonating with Jeremiah's use of threshing‑floor and barley‑place language to portray impending judgment and reaping.
Alternative generated candidates
- Egypt is a fair heifer—shorn come the young ones from the north; they come.
- Egypt is a fair heifer; she comes up from the north—she comes.
Jer.46.21 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- גם: ADV
- שכריה: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3fs
- בקרבה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,f,sg
- כעגלי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- מרבק: ADJ,m,sg
- כי: CONJ
- גם: ADV
- המה: PRON,3,m,pl
- הפנו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
- נסו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- יחדיו: ADV
- לא: PART_NEG
- עמדו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- כי: CONJ
- יום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אידם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
- בא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- עליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
- עת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- פקדתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Amos 6:4-7 (thematic): Uses the image of the well-fed/fattened (calves, couches) and links social/commercial complacency to imminent overthrow and exile—parallels Jeremiah’s ‘fattened calves’ image and the sudden arrival of punishment.
- Zephaniah 1:12 (thematic): Speaks of the complacent (‘settled on their lees’) who say the LORD will do nothing, immediately followed by a warning of sudden judgment—echoes Jeremiah’s theme of unexpected calamity coming on the unprepared.
- Jeremiah 46:5 (verbal): Earlier in the same oracle against Egypt the scene of chariots, horses and panic is portrayed; both verses emphasize flight, the failure of warriors to stand, and the coming day of calamity for Egypt.
- Joel 2:1-2 (structural): Announces a sudden, devastating ‘day’ (day of the LORD/invasion) that brings darkness, panic and rout—structurally parallels Jeremiah’s ‘day of their calamity’ and the motif of mass flight and punishment.
Alternative generated candidates
- Also her hired men are in her midst like calves of the stall; for they turned and fled together—they did not stand; for the day of their calamity came upon them, the time of their punishment.
- Also her hired men in her midst are like bulls of Bashan; they turned and fled together and did not stand; for the day of their calamity has come upon them, the time of their punishment.
Jer.46.22 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- קולה: NOUN,m,sg,suff,3,f
- כנחש: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ילך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- כי: CONJ
- בחיל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ילכו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- ובקרדמות: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- באו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- לה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
- כחטבי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- עצים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 140:3 (verbal): Uses the same serpent-tongue image: 'They sharpen their tongues like a serpent,' paralleling Jeremiah's simile 'its voice is like a serpent' (speech/voice as venomous).
- Psalm 58:4 (verbal): Describes the wicked with serpentine speech/poison—'their poison is like the poison of a serpent'—echoing Jeremiah's likening of a voice to a serpent's sting.
- Isaiah 10:34 (thematic): Speaks of cutting down trees with an axe—'he shall cut down the thickets of the forest with an axe'—parallel to Jeremiah's image of attackers coming 'like woodcutters' with axes/battering implements.
- Deuteronomy 32:33 (thematic): Uses serpent/venom imagery to depict deadly force—'Their wine is the poison of serpents'—thematically linked to Jeremiah's portrayal of a serpent-like, destructive voice.
Alternative generated candidates
- Her voice shall go like the hiss of a serpent; for they shall march with might, and they shall come against her with battle-axes.
- Their cry shall go out like a serpent; for with might they march, and with a rushing noise they come like men who fell trees.
Jer.46.23 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- כרתו: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,pl
- יערה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- נאם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- לא: PART_NEG
- יחקר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- כי: CONJ
- רבו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- מארבה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ואין: CONJ+PART,exist
- להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- מספר: VERB,qal,impf,1,m,sg
Parallels
- Jeremiah 11:18 (verbal): Speaks of plots devised against Jeremiah (‘they have devised devices’); parallels Jeremiah 46:23’s language of ambushes/devices directed against a people or leader.
- Jeremiah 20:10 (thematic): Jeremiah describes many conspirators and terror on every side—echoes the theme of multitudinous ambushes and inescapable plots found in 46:23.
- Psalm 64:2–6 (thematic): Describes secret counsel, snares and the plotting of the wicked—explicitly parallels the imagery of hidden ambushes and numerous devices in Jeremiah 46:23.
- Psalm 35:7–8 (thematic): Uses ambush imagery (enemies hiding in pits and laying nets) that parallels Jeremiah 46:23’s depiction of many ambushes and plots against a people.
Alternative generated candidates
- I will cut down her forest, declares the LORD, for there is no place of refuge; the multitude of ambushers is without number.
- I will cut down her forest, declares the LORD, for there will be no more regrowth; the number of their riders is great—there is no end to the camp.
Jer.46.24 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- הבישה: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,f,sg
- בת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- נתנה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- ביד: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- עם: PREP
- צפון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Jeremiah 44:30 (verbal): Same prophet and theme—God promises to give Pharaoh Hophra (Egypt) into the hand of his enemies, echoing Jeremiah 46:24’s image of Egypt delivered into hostile hands.
- Isaiah 19:4 (thematic): Prophecy against Egypt: 'I will give the Egyptians into the hand of a cruel lord,' paralleling the judgment motif of Egypt being handed over to a foreign power.
- Ezekiel 29:12 (verbal): God declares he will give the land of Egypt to Nebuchadnezzar (the northern/babylonian power), closely paralleling Jeremiah’s theme of Egypt delivered into the hand of the north.
- Ezekiel 30:4-5 (thematic): Speaks of the 'daughter of Egypt' and an approaching day of calamity brought by a foreign king; echoes Jeremiah 46:24’s personified ‘daughter of Egypt’ shamed and given into enemy hands.
Alternative generated candidates
- Daughter of Egypt shall be put to shame; she is given into the hand of the people of the north.
- The daughter of Egypt has been put to shame; she is delivered into the hand of a people from the north.
Jer.46.25 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- צבאות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הנני: PRT+PRON,1,sg
- פוקד: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,sg
- אל: NEG
- אמון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מנא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- פרעה: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- אלהיה: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- מלכיה: NOUN,m,pl,abs+SUFF:3,m,sg
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- פרעה: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- הבטחים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- בו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Isaiah 19:1-4 (thematic): Isaiah announces divine judgment against Egypt and Pharaoh, like Jeremiah's oracle against 'Pharaoh and Egypt'—both portray God executing punishment on the land and its ruler.
- Isaiah 19:11-15 (thematic): This passage condemns Pharaoh, his counselors and those who rely on him; parallels Jeremiah 46:25’s focus on Pharaoh, Egypt’s kings, and those trusting in him.
- Ezekiel 30:2-5 (thematic): Ezekiel prophesies the Lord's punishment on Egypt for its pride and reliance on power—similar in scope and theme to Jeremiah’s declaration against Amon (No), Pharaoh and Egypt.
- Ezekiel 32:18-25 (thematic): A funeral lament for Pharaoh and the princes of Egypt depicting ruin and humiliation; parallels Jeremiah’s announcement of doom for Egypt’s rulers and gods.
- Jeremiah 43:13 (verbal): Another oracle in Jeremiah announcing punishment on Egypt and those dwelling there; closely related wording and intent to the proclamation in 46:25.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, says: Behold, I am about to punish Amon-Memphis and Pharaoh and Egypt, with her gods and her kings, and Pharaoh and those who trust in him.
- Thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Behold, I will punish Amon of No and Pharaoh and Egypt and her gods and her kings—even Pharaoh and those who put their trust in him.
Jer.46.26 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ונתתים: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- ביד: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מבקשי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- נפשם: NOUN,f,sg,abs+3,m,pl
- וביד: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נבוכדראצר: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- בבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- וביד: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עבדיו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3ms
- ואחרי: CONJ
- כן: ADV
- תשכן: VERB,qal,imprf,3,f,sg
- כימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs+sim
- קדם: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- נאם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Jeremiah 25:9 (verbal): God declares he will summon nations and give them into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar—same motif of peoples/lands delivered to the Babylonian king.
- Jeremiah 27:6 (verbal): Explicit statement that God has given various lands into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon—closely parallels the transfer of authority in Jer 46:26.
- Ezekiel 29:18-19 (verbal): Prophecy that Egypt will be given to Nebuchadnezzar and afterward 'shall be inhabited as in the days of old'—very similar wording and sequence (judgment by Babylon, then later restoration).
- Isaiah 19:23-25 (thematic): Promises a future reversal for Egypt (restoration and blessing among nations) echoing Jer 46:26’s pattern of judgment followed by later habitation/restoration.
Alternative generated candidates
- I will give them into the hand of those who seek their lives, into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and into the hand of his servants; afterward she shall be inhabited as in former days, declares the LORD.
- I will give them into the hand of those who seek their lives, and into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon and the hand of his servants; afterward they shall be inhabited, as in the days of old, declares the LORD.
Jer.46.27 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ואתה: CONJ+PRON,2,m,sg
- אל: NEG
- תירא: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- עבדי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- יעקב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ואל: CONJ+PREP
- תחת: PREP
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- הנני: PRT+PRON,1,sg
- מושעך: VERB,qal,part,-,m,sg,2ms
- מרחוק: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- זרעך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- מארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- שבים: VERB,qal,ptc,2,m,pl
- ושב: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
- יעקוב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ושקט: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ושאנן: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ואין: CONJ+PART,exist
- מחריד: VERB,piel,ptc,0,m,sg
Parallels
- Jeremiah 30:10-11 (quotation): Nearly identical wording: both passages address Jacob/Israel with 'fear not' and promise divine salvation 'from afar' and deliverance of offspring from the land of captivity.
- Isaiah 43:5-6 (verbal): Similar language of gathering/rescuing Israel from distant lands—God promises to bring the people back from the ends of the earth, echoing the theme of salvation and restoration 'from afar.'
- Zechariah 10:9-10 (thematic): Speaks of rescuing Israel from surrounding nations and bringing them into safety and rest—parallels the assurance that Jacob will 'return, and be quiet and at rest' with none to terrify him.
- Hosea 3:5 (thematic): Foretells a future return of Israel to seek the LORD and live in safety—echoes the promise of Israel's return and subsequent quiet/security found in Jeremiah 46:27.
Alternative generated candidates
- But you, do not fear, my servant Jacob; do not be dismayed, O Israel—for behold, I will save you from afar and your offspring from the land of their captivity. Jacob shall return and be at rest and quiet, with none to make him afraid.
- But do not be afraid, O my servant Jacob, and do not be dismayed, O Israel; for behold I will save you from afar, and your offspring from the land of their captivity. Jacob shall return and be quiet and at rest, and none shall make him afraid.
Jer.46.28 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
- אל: NEG
- תירא: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- עבדי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- יעקב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- נאם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- אתך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- כי: CONJ
- אעשה: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- כלה: ADV
- בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הגוים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- הדחתיך: VERB,hiph,perf,1,_,sg
- שמה: ADV
- ואתך: PRON,2,m,sg,acc
- לא: PART_NEG
- אעשה: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- כלה: ADV
- ויסרתיך: VERB,qal,impf,1,sg
- למשפט: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ונקה: VERB,niphal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- אנקך: VERB,qal,impf,1,sg
Parallels
- Jeremiah 30:10-11 (verbal): Near-identical language and promise: 'Do not be afraid, Jacob my servant... I will save you from afar... Jacob shall return and be in quiet and at rest,' and a pledge not to destroy Israel though nations are judged.
- Isaiah 41:10 (thematic): Same reassuring motif: 'Do not fear, for I am with you'—divine presence as the basis for courage and comfort.
- Deuteronomy 31:6 (thematic): Command not to fear because the LORD goes with his people and will not abandon them—a covenantal promise of God's sustaining presence.
- Ezekiel 37:21-22 (thematic): Promise of regathering and reunification of Israel from the nations where they were scattered, echoing Jeremiah's assurance of restoration rather than annihilation.
- Zephaniah 3:17 (thematic): God's presence and saving action that 'quiet[s]' and rejoices over his people parallels Jeremiah's words that Jacob shall return to quiet and none shall make him afraid.
Alternative generated candidates
- Do not fear, my servant Jacob, declares the LORD, for I am with you. I will put an end to all the nations where I have driven you, but of you I will not make an end; I will discipline you with justice, and I will not leave you unpunished.
- Do not be afraid, O my servant Jacob, declares the LORD, for I am with you. For I will bring to an end all the nations among whom I have scattered you; but of you I will not make a complete end. I will discipline you with justice, but I will not leave you unpunished.
The word of the LORD that came to Jeremiah the prophet concerning the nations.
Concerning Egypt: about the army of Pharaoh Necho king of Egypt, who was by the river Euphrates at Carchemish—whom Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon struck—in the fourth year of Jehoiakim son of Josiah, king of Judah.
Arrange the shield and the buckler; advance to battle.
Gird the horses; mount the chariots; stand up, you helmeted men; brandish the lances; don the breastplates.
Why do I see them falter, turn back? Their warriors cry out—panic and flight! They flee and do not look back; terror is on every side, declares the LORD.
Let not the swift flee, nor the mighty escape; northward, by the river Euphrates, they stumble and fall.
Who is this that comes up like the Nile, like rivers whose waters surge?
Egypt rises like the Nile, and its waters surge. He says, “I will rise, I will cover the land; I will destroy the city and its inhabitants.”
The horses come up and the chariots advance; the warriors—Cush and Put—raise the shield; Ludim take the helm; the men of Egypt take up the bow.
On that day—declares the LORD of hosts—It is a day of vengeance to take vengeance on his foes. The sword will devour and be sated; it will be drunk with their blood, for the LORD of hosts has a sacrifice in the land of the north by the river Euphrates.
Go up to Gilead and take balm, O virgin daughter of Egypt; in vain you have multiplied medicines; there is no healing for you.
Give ear, nations, to your shame and to your crying; the whole earth is filled with your clamor. For a warrior has stumbled—each one has fallen upon another; they have been broken together.
The word that the LORD spoke to Jeremiah the prophet: Behold, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came to strike the land of Egypt.
Proclaim it in Egypt; sound the alarm in Migdol; sound it in Memphis and Tahpanhes: “Stand fast and prepare yourself, for the sword will devour all around you.”
Why were your valiant ones swept away? They did not stand, for the LORD thrust them down.
Many stumble and fall one upon another; they say, “Arise, let us return to our people and to the land of our birth, because of the sword of the oppressor.”
There Pharaoh, king of Egypt, shall be heard—there shall be a cry; his appointed time has passed.
“As I live,” says the King—whose name is the LORD of hosts—“surely as Tabor among the mountains and as Carmel by the sea, so he shall come.”
Prepared spoil and booty have been made ready for you, O inhabitant daughter of Egypt; you shall become a booty—spoiled—and none shall dwell in you.
A fair heifer is Egypt; but the north has come up against her—come up!—it has come.
Also her hired men are in her midst like fattened calves; for they also turned and fled together; they did not stand— for the day of their calamity has come upon them, the time of their punishment.
Their voice goes forth like the hiss of a serpent; for in force they march; in their chariots they come, like men who hew wood.
They have cut down her forest, declares the LORD, for their number is more than locusts; no end is to their hordes, and their host is without number.
The daughter of Egypt is put to shame; she is handed over into the hand of a people from the north. Thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: I am about to punish Amon of No and Pharaoh and Egypt, with her gods and her kings, and Pharaoh and those who trust in him.
I will give them into the hand of those seeking their lives, into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon and his servants; afterward it shall be inhabited as in the days of old, declares the LORD. But do not fear, O my servant Jacob, and be not dismayed, O Israel; for behold, I will save you from afar, and your offspring from the land of their captivity. Jacob shall return and be at rest and at ease; none shall make him afraid.
Do not fear, O my servant Jacob, declares the LORD, for I am with you. I will bring an end to all the nations where I have driven you; but of you I will not make a complete end. I will discipline you in justice; I will by no means leave you unpunished.