Exile Foretold and Judgment on Leaders

Hosea 9:1-10:15

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Genesis

The Creation of the World 1:1-2:3 The Creation of Man and Woman 2:4-25 The Fall of Man 3:1-24 Cain and Abel 4:1-26 From Adam to Noah 5:1-32 The Flood 6:1-8:22 God’s Covenant with Noah 9:1-17 Noah’s Drunkenness and Curse 9:18-29 Nations Descended from Noah 10:1-32 The Tower of Babel 11:1-9 From Shem to Abram 11:10-32 The Call of Abram 12:1-9 Abram in Egypt 12:10-20 Abram and Lot Separate 13:1-18 Abram Rescues Lot 14:1-24 God’s Covenant with Abram 15:1-21 Hagar and Ishmael 16:1-16 The Covenant of Circumcision 17:1-27 A Son Promised to Sarah 18:1-15 Abraham Intercedes for Sodom 18:16-33 The Destruction of Sodom 19:1-29 The Origin of Moab and Ammon 19:30-38 Abraham and Abimelech 20:1-18 The Birth of Isaac 21:1-7 Hagar and Ishmael Sent Away 21:8-21 A Treaty with Abimelech 21:22-34 The Sacrifice of Isaac 22:1-19 Nahor’s Children 22:20-24 The Death and Burial of Sarah 23:1-20 A Wife for Isaac 24:1-67 The Death of Abraham 25:1-11 Ishmael’s Descendants 25:12-18 Esau and Jacob 25:19-34 Isaac and Abimelech 26:1-35 Jacob Takes Esau’s Blessing 27:1-40 Jacob Sent to Paddan-aram 27:41-28:9 Jacob’s Dream at Bethel 28:10-22 Jacob Meets Rachel 29:1-14 Jacob Marries Leah and Rachel 29:15-30 The Children of Jacob 29:31-30:24 Jacob’s Prosperity 30:25-43 Jacob Flees from Laban 31:1-21 Jacob and Laban Make a Covenant 31:22-55 Jacob Prepares to Meet Esau 32:1-21 Jacob Wrestles with God 32:22-32 Jacob Meets Esau 33:1-20 Dinah and the Shechemites 34:1-31 God Blesses Jacob at Bethel 35:1-15 Deaths of Rachel and Isaac 35:16-29 Esau’s Descendants 36:1-30 The Kings of Edom 36:31-43 Joseph’s Dreams 37:1-11 Joseph Sold by His Brothers 37:12-36 Judah and Tamar 38:1-30 Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife 39:1-23 Joseph Interprets Dreams in Prison 40:1-23 Pharaoh’s Dreams 41:1-40 Joseph Rises to Power 41:41-57 Joseph’s Brothers Go to Egypt 42:1-38 Joseph’s Brothers Return with Benjamin 43:1-34 The Silver Cup 44:1-34 Joseph Reveals Himself 45:1-28 Jacob Goes to Egypt 46:1-47:12 Joseph and the Famine 47:13-31 Jacob Blesses Ephraim and Manasseh 48:1-22 Jacob Blesses His Sons 49:1-28 The Death and Burial of Jacob 49:29-50:14 Joseph Reassures His Brothers 50:15-21 The Death of Joseph 50:22-26

Exodus

Israel Increases in Egypt 1:1-22 The Birth of Moses 2:1-10 Moses Flees to Midian 2:11-25 The Burning Bush 3:1-22 Signs for Moses 4:1-17 Moses Returns to Egypt 4:18-31 Moses and Aaron Before Pharaoh 5:1-21 God Promises Deliverance 5:22-6:12 The Genealogy of Moses and Aaron 6:13-27 Moses and Aaron Sent to Pharaoh 6:28-7:7 Aaron’s Staff Becomes a Serpent 7:8-13 The First Plague: Water to Blood 7:14-24 The Second Plague: Frogs 7:25-8:15 The Third Plague: Gnats 8:16-19 The Fourth Plague: Flies 8:20-32 The Fifth Plague: Livestock Die 9:1-7 The Sixth Plague: Boils 9:8-12 The Seventh Plague: Hail 9:13-35 The Eighth Plague: Locusts 10:1-20 The Ninth Plague: Darkness 10:21-29 A Final Plague Threatened 11:1-10 The Passover 12:1-30 The Exodus 12:31-42 Passover Regulations 12:43-51 Consecration of the Firstborn 13:1-16 Crossing the Red Sea 13:17-14:31 The Song of Moses 15:1-21 Bitter Water Made Sweet 15:22-27 Manna from Heaven 16:1-36 Water from the Rock 17:1-7 Amalek Defeated 17:8-16 Jethro’s Advice 18:1-27 Israel at Mount Sinai 19:1-25 The Ten Commandments 20:1-21 Laws About Altars 20:22-21:1 Laws About Slaves 21:2-11 Laws About Personal Injuries 21:12-36 Laws About Restitution 22:1-15 Laws About Holiness 22:16-31 Laws About Justice 23:1-9 Sabbath Years and Weeks 23:10-13 The Three Feasts 23:14-19 The Angel and the Promises 23:20-33 The Covenant Confirmed 24:1-18 Contributions for the Sanctuary 25:1-9 The Ark of the Testimony 25:10-22 The Table for Bread 25:23-30 The Golden Lampstand 25:31-40 The Tabernacle 26:1-37 The Bronze Altar 27:1-8 The Court of the Tabernacle 27:9-19 Oil for the Lamp 27:20-21 The Priests’ Garments 28:1-5 The Ephod 28:6-14 The Breastpiece of Judgment 28:15-30 Other Priestly Garments 28:31-43 Consecration of the Priests 29:1-46 The Altar of Incense 30:1-10 The Census Tax 30:11-16 The Bronze Basin 30:17-21 The Anointing Oil 30:22-33 The Incense 30:34-38 Oholiab and Bezalel 31:1-11 The Sabbath Sign 31:12-18 The Golden Calf 32:1-33:6 The Tent of Meeting 33:7-11 Moses’ Intercession and God’s Glory 33:12-23 New Tablets and Covenant 34:1-28 The Shining Face of Moses 34:29-35 Sabbath Regulations 35:1-3 Freewill Offerings for the Tabernacle 35:4-29 Bezalel and Oholiab Set Apart 35:30-36:7 Making the Tabernacle 36:8-38 Making the Ark 37:1-9 Making the Table 37:10-16 Making the Lampstand 37:17-24 Making the Altar of Incense 37:25-29 Making the Bronze Altar 38:1-7 Making the Bronze Basin 38:8 Making the Court 38:9-20 Materials of the Tabernacle 38:21-31 Making the Priests’ Garments 39:1 The Ephod Made 39:2-7 The Breastpiece Made 39:8-21 Other Garments Made 39:22-31 The Work Completed 39:32-43 The Tabernacle Erected 40:1-33 The Glory Fills the Tabernacle 40:34-38

Numbers

The Census of Israel 1:1-54 Arrangement of the Camp 2:1-34 The Levites’ Duties 3:1-51 Kohathites’ Service 4:1-20 Gershonites’ Service 4:21-28 Merarites’ Service 4:29-33 Census of the Levites 4:34-49 Unclean Removed from Camp 5:1-4 Restitution for Wrongs 5:5-10 The Test for Adultery 5:11-31 The Nazirite Vow 6:1-21 The Priestly Blessing 6:22-27 Offerings of the Leaders 7:1-89 The Lamps 8:1-4 The Levites Consecrated 8:5-26 The Passover Celebrated 9:1-14 The Cloud Over the Tabernacle 9:15-23 The Silver Trumpets 10:1-10 Departure from Sinai 10:11-36 Complaint and Quail; Seventy Elders 11:1-35 Miriam and Aaron Oppose Moses 12:1-16 Spies Sent into Canaan 13:1-25 Report of the Spies 13:26-33 The People Rebel 14:1-45 Offerings and Firstfruits 15:1-21 Unintentional Sin and Presumptuous Sin 15:22-31 The Sabbath-Breaker 15:32-36 Tassels on Garments 15:37-41 Korah’s Rebellion 16:1-50 Aaron’s Staff Buds 17:1-13 Priests’ and Levites’ Duties 18:1-7 Portions for Priests and Levites 18:8-32 The Red Heifer 19:1-22 Water from the Rock at Meribah 20:1-13 Edom Refuses Passage 20:14-21 Aaron’s Death 20:22-29 Arad Defeated 21:1-3 The Bronze Serpent 21:4-9 Journeys in the Wilderness 21:10-20 Victories over Sihon and Og 21:21-35 Balaam Summoned 22:1-20 Balaam’s Donkey and the Angel 22:21-41 Balaam’s First Oracle 23:1-12 Balaam’s Second Oracle 23:13-26 Balaam’s Third Oracle 23:27-24:14 The Star out of Jacob 24:15-19 Balaam’s Final Sayings 24:20-25 Baal of Peor and Phinehas 25:1-18 The Second Census 26:1-65 Daughters of Zelophehad 27:1-11 Joshua Appointed 27:12-23 Daily Offerings 28:1-8 Sabbath Offerings 28:9-10 Monthly Offerings 28:11-15 Passover Offerings 28:16-25 Weeks (Firstfruits) Offerings 28:26-31 Trumpets Offerings 29:1-6 Day of Atonement Offerings 29:7-11 Booths Offerings 29:12-40 Vows 30:1-16 War with Midian—Spoils 31:1-24 Division of the Spoils 31:25-54 Reuben, Gad, and Half-Manasseh 32:1-42 Stages of Israel’s Journey 33:1-56 Boundaries of the Land 34:1-29 Levitical Cities 35:1-5 Cities of Refuge 35:6-34 Marriage of Zelophehad’s Daughters 36:1-13

Deuteronomy

Preamble and Setting 1:1-8 Leaders Appointed 1:9-18 Spies Sent 1:19-25 Rebellion and Judgment 1:26-46 Journey Through Edom, Moab, Ammon 2:1-23 Victory over Sihon 2:24-37 Victory over Og 3:1-11 Allotment East of Jordan 3:12-20 Moses Forbidden to Enter 3:21-29 Call to Obey 4:1-14 No Idols 4:15-31 The LORD Alone Is God 4:32-40 Cities of Refuge East 4:41-43 Introduction to the Law 4:44-49 The Ten Commandments Rehearsed 5:1-33 The Shema and Instruction 6:1-25 Warning Against the Nations 7:1-26 Do Not Forget the LORD 8:1-20 Not for Your Righteousness 9:1-6 Israel’s Rebellions Recounted 9:7-29 New Tablets; Ark 10:1-11 Fear the LORD 10:12-22 Love, Obey, Choose 11:1-32 The Place of Worship 12:1-32 False Prophets and Idolatry 13:1-18 Clean and Unclean Foods 14:1-21 Tithes 14:22-29 Sabbatical Year 15:1-11 Hebrew Slaves 15:12-18 Firstborn Animals 15:19-23 Passover 16:1-8 Weeks 16:9-12 Booths 16:13-17 Justice 16:18-20 Forbidden Worship 16:21-17:7 Difficult Cases 17:8-13 Laws for the King 17:14-20 Provision for Levites 18:1-8 Abominable Practices 18:9-13 A Prophet Like Moses 18:14-22 Cities of Refuge 19:1-14 Witnesses and Penalties 19:15-21 Rules for War 20:1-20 Unsolved Murder 21:1-9 Wives from War 21:10-14 Rights of the Firstborn 21:15-17 Rebellious Son 21:18-21 Various Laws 21:22-22:12 Laws of Chastity 22:13-30 Assembly Exclusions 23:1-8 Camp Purity 23:9-14 Various Laws Continued 23:15-25:19 Firstfruits and Tithes Confession 26:1-15 You Are the LORD’s People 26:16-19 Law on Stones and Altar 27:1-8 Curses Pronounced 27:9-26 Blessings for Obedience 28:1-14 Curses for Disobedience 28:15-68 Renewal in Moab 29:1-29 Choose Life 30:1-20 Joshua Commissioned 31:1-8 Public Reading of the Law 31:9-13 Moses’ Warning of Apostasy 31:14-29 The Song of Moses 31:30-32:47 Moses to Die on Nebo 32:48-52 Moses Blesses Israel 33:1-29 The Death of Moses 34:1-12

Joshua

Joshua Commissioned and Encouraged 1:1-18 Rahab Protects the Spies 2:1-24 Crossing the Jordan and Memorial Stones 3:1-4:24 Renewal at Gilgal: Circumcision and Passover 5:1-12 The Commander Appears and the Fall of Jericho 5:13-6:27 Defeat at Ai and Achan's Sin Revealed 7:1-26 The Capture and Destruction of Ai 8:1-29 Altar on Mount Ebal and the Law Proclaimed 8:30-35 The Gibeonite Deception and Treaty 9:1-27 Victory at Gibeon and the Long Day 10:1-15 Capture and Execution of the Five Kings 10:16-28 The Southern Campaign and Conquest of Cities 10:29-43 Defeat of the Northern Coalition and Hazor Destroyed 11:1-23 Lists of Kings Defeated East and West of the Jordan 12:1-24 Land Remaining to Be Possessed 13:1-7 Allotments East of the Jordan 13:8-33 Procedure for Distributing the Land and Levitical Cities 14:1-5 Caleb's Claim and Inheritance of Hebron 14:6-15 Boundaries and Towns of Judah 15:1-63 Ephraim and West Manasseh: Boundaries and Claims 16:1-17:18 Shiloh Established and the Land Surveyed 18:1-10 Territory and Towns of Benjamin 18:11-28 Territory of Simeon 19:1-9 Territory of Zebulun 19:10-16 Territory of Issachar 19:17-23 Territory of Asher 19:24-31 Territory of Naphtali 19:32-39 Territory of Dan 19:40-48 Completion of the Allotments and Joshua's Inheritance 19:49-51 Cities of Refuge Established 20:1-9 Levitical Cities and Their Holdings 21:1-45 The Eastern Tribes' Altar and the Reconciliation 22:1-34 Joshua's Farewell Exhortation and Warning 23:1-16 Renewal of the Covenant at Shechem 24:1-27 Death and Burial of Joshua and Eleazar 24:28-33

1 Samuel

Hannah's Prayer for a Son 1:1-20 Hannah Presents Samuel to the Lord 1:21-28 Hannah's Song of Praise 2:1-11 Eli's Corrupt Sons and Samuel's Childhood 2:12-26 Prophecy of Judgment on Eli's House 2:27-36 Samuel's Call and the Lord's Word to Eli 3:1-4:1 Israel Defeated and the Ark Captured 4:2-11 Eli's Death and the Birth of Ichabod 4:12-22 The Ark Brings Judgment in Philistine Cities 5:1-12 The Ark Returned to Israel 6:1-7:1 Samuel Judges Israel and Delivers Them at Mizpah 7:2-17 Israel Demands a King 8:1-22 Saul Chosen and Given Signs 9:1-10:8 Saul Proclaimed King by Lot 10:9-27 Saul's Victory at Jabesh-Gilead 11:1-11 Saul Confirmed as King at Gilgal 11:12-15 Samuel's Farewell and Exhortation to Israel 12:1-25 Saul's Unauthorized Sacrifice and Rebuke 13:1-15 Philistine Pressure and Israel's Lack of Arms 13:16-22 Jonathan's Bold Assault and Victory 13:23-14:14 Saul's Rash Oath and Its Consequences 14:15-23 Saul's Pursuit and Jonathan's Exploits 14:24-48 Saul's Family and Mighty Men 14:49-52 Saul's Disobedience and Rejection as King 15:1-35 David Anointed by Samuel 16:1-13 David Serves Saul and Eases His Torment 16:14-23 David and Goliath 17:1-58 David's Rise and Saul's Jealousy 18:1-30 Saul's Attempts on David's Life and Jonathan's Intervention 19:1-24 David and Jonathan's Covenant 20:1-42 David at Nob: Bread and Goliath's Sword 21:1-9 David Feigns Madness at Gath 21:10-15 David Gathers Followers and Seeks Priestly Aid 22:1-5 Massacre at Nob and Abiathar Joins David 22:6-23 David Delivers Keilah and Inquires of God 23:1-6 Saul's Pursuit, Ziphite Betrayal, and David's Escape 23:7-29 David Spares Saul in a Cave 24:1-22 Nabal's Folly and Abigail's Intervention 25:1-44 David Again Spares Saul in His Camp 26:1-25 David Seeks Refuge with Achish 27:1-12 Saul and the Witch of Endor 28:1-25 The Philistines Reject David 29:1-11 David Recovers His Family and Defeats the Amalekites 30:1-31 The Death of Saul and His Sons 31:1-13

2 Samuel

An Amalekite Reports Saul and Jonathan's Death 1:1-16 David's Lament for Saul and Jonathan 1:17-27 David Anointed King of Judah at Hebron 2:1-7 Ish‑Bosheth Made King; Civil War with David Begins 2:8-3:5 Abner Seeks Alliance with David 3:6-21 Joab Murders Abner; David's Protest and Mourning 3:22-39 Ish‑Bosheth Assassinated 4:1-12 David Anointed King over All Israel 5:1-5 David Captures Jerusalem and Establishes His House 5:6-16 David's Victories over the Philistines 5:17-25 Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem; Uzzah's Death and David's Joy 6:1-23 God's Covenant with David 7:1-17 David's Prayer of Thanksgiving for God's Promise 7:18-29 David's Military Victories 8:1-14 David's Officials and Mighty Men 8:15-18 David Shows Kindness to Mephibosheth 9:1-13 War with the Ammonites and Syrians 10:1-19 David and Bathsheba; the Death of Uriah 11:1-27 Nathan Rebukes David; Judgment and Aftermath 12:1-31 Amnon's Crime against Tamar 13:1-22 Absalom Kills Amnon and Flees 13:23-39 Joab Secures Absalom's Return and Reconciliation 14:1-33 Absalom's Conspiracy and Rise to Power 15:1-12 David Flees Jerusalem; Loyal Followers Accompany Him 15:13-37 Ziba Brings Provisions to David 16:1-4 Shimei Curses David as He Flees 16:5-14 Counsel in Absalom's Court; Ahithophel's Plan and Hushai's Counterplot 16:15-17:29 Battle in the Forest of Ephraim and Absalom's Death 18:1-18 Reports of Victory and David's Grief for Absalom 18:19-19:8 David's Return to Jerusalem; Reconciliation and Disputes 19:9-43 Sheba's Revolt and Its Suppression 20:1-26 Famine and the Gibeonites' Demand; Saul's Descendants Executed 21:1-14 David's Battles with the Philistines and the Valor of His Men 21:15-22 David's Song of Deliverance 22:1-51 David's Final Oracle 23:1-7 The Deeds of David's Mighty Warriors 23:8-39 David's Census and the Resulting Plague 24:1-17 David Purchases the Threshing Floor; Sacrifice and End of Plague 24:18-25

1 Kings

Adonijah Attempts to Seize the Throne 1:1-27 Solomon Anointed King 1:28-53 David's Charge to Solomon and Death 2:1-12 Solomon Consolidates His Power 2:13-46 Solomon's Request for Wisdom 3:1-15 Solomon's Wise Judgment 3:16-28 Solomon's Officials and Administrative Order 4:1-19 The Wealth and Prosperity of Israel 4:20-28 Solomon's Wisdom and Fame 4:29-34 Alliances and Preparations for the Temple 5:1-18 Solomon Builds the Temple 6:1-38 Solomon's Palace and Structural Works 7:1-12 Temple Furnishings and the Work of Hiram 7:13-51 The Ark Brought into the Temple 8:1-21 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication 8:22-61 The Dedication Celebrated with Sacrifice 8:62-66 God's Promise and Warning to Solomon 9:1-9 Solomon's Building Projects and Trade 9:10-28 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 10:1-13 The Wealth and Splendor of Solomon's Reign 10:14-29 Solomon's Foreign Wives and Apostasy 11:1-13 Adversaries Raised Against Solomon 11:14-25 Jeroboam's Call and the Promise of Division 11:26-40 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 11:41-43 Rehoboam's Folly and the Kingdom Divides 12:1-24 Jeroboam Establishes Golden Calves 12:25-33 Prophetic Rebuke at Bethel and Deception 13:1-34 Ahijah's Prophecy Against Jeroboam 14:1-20 Rehoboam's Unfaithfulness and Shishak's Invasion 14:21-31 Abijam's Short Reign in Judah 15:1-8 Asa's Reforms and Early Reign 15:9-24 Nadab's Reign and Baasha's Conspiracy 15:25-32 Baasha's Reign and Jehu's Prophecy 15:33-16:7 Elah Assassinated and Zimri's Usurpation 16:8-14 Zimri's Suicide and Omri's Rise to Power 16:15-20 Omri Establishes Samaria as Capital 16:21-28 Ahab and Jezebel Introduce Baal Worship 16:29-34 Elijah Announces the Drought and Is Fed by Ravens 17:1-6 Elijah in Zarephath: Provision and Resurrection 17:7-24 Elijah Confronts Ahab and Prepares for Confrontation 18:1-15 Elijah on Mount Carmel and the Fall of Baal's Prophets 18:16-46 Elijah Flees to Horeb and Is Renewed 19:1-9 God's Response to Elijah and New Commissions 19:10-18 The Call of Elisha 19:19-21 Ben‑hadad Besieges Samaria; Israel's Defiant Response 20:1-12 Israel's Victories Over Aram and Ahab's Mercy 20:13-34 A Prophet Enacts Judgment on the King 20:35-43 Naboth's Vineyard: Ahab and Jezebel's Crime and Punishment 21:1-29 Ahab and Jehoshaphat Seek Counsel; Micaiah's True Prophecy 22:1-28 Ahab Dies at Ramoth‑Gilead 22:29-40 Jehoshaphat's Reign in Judah 22:41-50 Ahaziah Succeeds Ahab and Does Evil 22:51-53

2 Kings

Ahaziah Seeks Counsel and Elijah’s Judgment 1:1-18 Elijah Taken Up; Elisha Succeeds 2:1-18 Elisha Purifies Jericho’s Water 2:19-22 Mockers of Elisha Mauled by Bears 2:23-25 Alliance Against Moab and Elisha’s Miracle 3:1-27 The Widow’s Oil Multiplied 4:1-7 Elisha Restores the Shunammite’s Son 4:8-37 Poisoned Stew Made Safe 4:38-41 Elisha Feeds a Hundred Men 4:42-44 Naaman Healed of Leprosy and Gehazi’s Greed 5:1-27 The Floating Axe Head 6:1-7 Elisha Foils the Aramean Raid 6:8-23 Famine Besieges Samaria 6:24-7:2 Arameans Flee; Samaria’s Deliverance 7:3-20 The Shunammite Restored to Her Land 8:1-6 Elisha Foretells Hazael’s Rise 8:7-15 Jehoram’s Reign in Israel 8:16-24 Ahaziah of Judah Ascends the Throne 8:25-29 Anointing of Jehu as King 9:1-13 Jehu Slays Joram and the House of Ahab 9:14-29 The Death of Jezebel 9:30-37 Jehu Executes Ahab’s Kin at Jezreel 10:1-17 Jehu Destroys Baal Worship 10:18-36 Joash Crowned; Athaliah Overthrown 11:1-21 Joash Repairs the Temple 12:1-21 Jehoahaz of Israel and Aramean Oppression 13:1-9 Jehoash of Israel and Elisha’s Final Acts 13:10-25 Amaziah of Judah: Victory and Pride 14:1-22 Jeroboam II Restores Israel’s Borders 14:23-29 Azariah (Uzziah) King of Judah 15:1-7 Zechariah’s Short Reign and Assassination 15:8-12 Shallum’s Brief Usurpation and Murder 15:13-16 Menahem’s Reign and Tribute to Assyria 15:17-22 Pekahiah Murdered; Pekah’s Conspiracy 15:23-26 Pekah Rules and Wars with Judah 15:27-31 Jotham King of Judah 15:32-38 Ahaz’s Reign and Submission to Assyria 16:1-20 Fall of Samaria and Israel’s Exile 17:1-6 Reasons for Israel’s Exile 17:7-23 Resettling Samaria and Syncretistic Worship 17:24-41 Hezekiah’s Reforms and Fortifications 18:1-16 Rabshakeh’s Taunts before Jerusalem 18:17-37 Hezekiah’s Plea and Isaiah’s Prophecy 19:1-13 Hezekiah’s Prayer of Surrender 19:14-19 The LORD Delivers Jerusalem from Sennacherib 19:20-37 Hezekiah’s Illness, Recovery, and the Sign 20:1-11 Hezekiah’s Pride and a Warning about Babylon 20:12-21 Manasseh’s Long, Wicked Reign 21:1-18 Amon’s Short Reign and Assassination 21:19-26 Josiah Finds the Book of the Law and Reforms 22:1-20 Josiah’s Covenant Renewal and Passover 23:1-30 Jehoahaz Deposed; Jehoiakim Installed by Egypt 23:31-35 Jehoiakim’s Reign and Babylonian Pressure 23:36-24:7 Jehoiachin’s Brief Reign and First Exile 24:8-17 Zedekiah Appointed as Babylon’s Vassal 24:18-19 Siege and Fall of Jerusalem; Destruction and Exile 24:20-25:26 Jehoiachin Released from Babylonian Prison 25:27-30

1 Chronicles

Genealogies from Adam to Abraham 1:1-27 The Descendants of Abraham 1:28-34 The Edomite Genealogies (Esau and Seir) 1:35-54 The Sons of Israel 2:1-2 The Genealogy and Families of Judah 2:3-55 David’s Descendants and the Royal Line 3:1-24 Judahite Families and Notable Descendants 4:1-23 The Families and Settlements of Simeon 4:24-43 Transjordanian Tribes and Their Chiefs 5:1-10 Wars and Settlements East of the Jordan 5:11-22 Loss of Territory and Exile East of the Jordan 5:23-26 The Levites: Genealogy and Temple Service 6:1-81 The Tribe of Issachar 7:1-5 A Register of Benjamin’s Households 7:6-12 A Brief Genealogical Note 7:13 The Tribe of Naphtali 7:14-19 The Tribe of Manasseh 7:20-29 The Tribe of Ephraim 7:30-40 The Genealogy of Benjamin (including Saul’s Line) 8:1-9:1 Resettlement of Jerusalem: Residents and Officials 9:2-34 Gatekeepers and Temple Servants in Jerusalem 9:35-44 The Death of Saul and the End of His House 10:1-14 David Anointed King over Israel 11:1-3 David Captures Jerusalem (Zion) 11:4-9 David’s Mighty Men and Warriors 11:10-47 Those Who Came to David at Hebron (Judah’s Support) 12:1-22 Israel’s Warriors Join David at Hebron 12:23-40 Bringing the Ark: Preparations and Uzzah’s Death 13:1-14 David’s Household and Philistine Submission 14:1-7 David’s Victories over the Philistines 14:8-17 Preparations for Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem 15:1-16:6 David Institutes Worship and a Song of Praise 16:7-43 God’s Covenant with David (Nathan’s Oracle) 17:1-15 David’s Prayer of Thanksgiving for the Covenant 17:16-27 David’s Military Victories and Tribute 18:1-13 David’s Officials and the Spoils of War 18:14-17 War with the Ammonites and Their Allies 19:1-19 The Campaign against Rabbah (Ammon) 20:1-3 Defeat of the Philistines and Their Champions 20:4-8 David’s Census, Plague, and Purchase of the Temple Site 21:1-22:1 David’s Preparations and Instructions for Solomon 22:2-19 David Organizes the Levites 23:1-6 Levitical Families and Their Heads 23:7-11 Age Regulations and Duties of the Levites 23:12-20 Assignments of Levites: Singers, Gatekeepers, Treasurers 23:21-32 Divisions of the Priests into Twenty‑Four Courses 24:1-19 Priestly Families and Their Cities 24:20-31 The Levitical Musicians and Their Organization 25:1-31 Gatekeepers and Their Lineages 26:1-19 Officials Responsible for Treasuries and Records 26:20-32 Military Divisions and Their Commanders 27:1-15 David’s Civil Officials and Overseers 27:16-24 Heads of the King’s Household and Provisions 27:25-34 David’s Charge to Solomon and the Temple Plan 28:1-21 The Nation’s Offerings for the Temple 29:1-9 David’s Prayer of Praise and Blessing for Solomon 29:10-20 David’s Final Acts and Organization of the Kingdom 29:21-25 The Death of David and Solomon’s Accession 29:26-30

2 Chronicles

Solomon's Sacrifice at Gibeon and Prayer for Wisdom 1:1-17 Solomon Secures Materials and Craftsmen for the Temple 2:1-18 The Temple: Foundation and Structure 3:1-17 Temple Furnishings and Completion of the Work 4:1-5:1 The Ark Installed and Solomon's Dedication Prayer 5:2-6:11 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication and God's Assurance 6:12-42 The Lord Fills the Temple and the Dedication Festival 7:1-10 God Appears to Solomon and Gives a Conditional Promise 7:11-22 Solomon's Other Buildings and Relations with Hiram 8:1-18 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 9:1-12 Solomon's Wealth, Trade, and Administration 9:13-28 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 9:29-31 Rehoboam's Folly and the Division of the Kingdom 10:1-11:4 Rehoboam Fortifies Judah and Consolidates Support 11:5-17 Rehoboam's Descendants and Death 11:18-23 Shishak's Invasion and Judah's Loss 12:1-16 Abijah's Victory over Israel and His Death 13:1-14:1 Asa's Reforms and Victory over Ethiopia 14:2-15 Asa Strengthened by Prophecy and Covenant Renewal 15:1-19 Asa's Alliance with Aram and Reproof by Hanani 16:1-14 Jehoshaphat Strengthens Judah and Reforms Justice 17:1-19 Jehoshaphat's Alliance with Ahab and the Battle at Ramoth-gilead 18:1-27 Jehu Rebukes Jehoshaphat for the Alliance with Ahab 18:28-19:3 Judicial Reforms: Judges Appointed to Administer Justice 19:4-11 Jehoshaphat's Deliverance through Prayer and Praise 20:1-30 End of Jehoshaphat's Reign and Jehoram's Accession 20:31-21:3 Jehoram's Wicked Reign, Revolts, and Judgment 21:4-20 Ahaziah Succeeds His Father and Is Wounded 22:1-9 Athaliah's Usurpation Overthrown and Joash Crowned 22:10-23:21 Joash's Temple Restoration under Jehoiada 24:1-16 Joash's Apostasy, Punishment, and Assassination 24:17-27 Amaziah's Reign: Victory, Pride, and Defeat by Israel 25:1-28 Uzziah's Prosperity and Pride; Leprosy for Presumption 26:1-23 Jotham's Reign: Fortifications and Prosperity 27:1-9 Ahaz's Idolatry, Defeats, and Assyrian Subjugation 28:1-27 Hezekiah's Temple Restoration and Religious Reforms 29:1-36 Hezekiah's Passover and National Repentance 30:1-31:1 Hezekiah's Religious Administration and Temple Support 31:2-21 Hezekiah's Defense Against Sennacherib and Divine Deliverance 32:1-23 Hezekiah's Illness, Pride, and the Babylonian Envoys 32:24-33 Manasseh's Idolatry, Captivity, Repentance, and Restoration 33:1-20 Amon's Wicked Reign and Assassination 33:21-25 Josiah's Early Reforms and Temple Repair 34:1-13 The Book of the Law Found, Huldah's Prophecy, and Josiah's Covenant 34:14-33 Josiah's Observance of the Passover 35:1-19 Josiah Killed at Megiddo and National Mourning 35:20-36:1 Jehoahaz Reigns Briefly and Is Deposed by Pharaoh 36:2-4 Jehoiakim's Reign and Disobedience 36:5-8 Jehoiachin's Short Reign and Exile to Babylon 36:9-10 Zedekiah's Reign and Rejection of Prophetic Warnings 36:11-14 Judgment, Exile, and the Decree of Cyrus 36:15-23

Psalm

Psalms 1–2 1:1-2:12 Psalms 3–8 3:1-8 Psalms 4–8 4:1-8 Psalms 5–12 5:1-12 Psalms 6–10 6:1-10 Psalms 7–17 7:1-17 Psalms 8–9 8:1-9 Psalms 9–10 9:1-10:18 Psalms 11–7 11:1-7 Psalms 12–8 12:1-8 Psalms 13–6 13:1-6 Psalms 14–7 14:1-7 Psalms 15–5 15:1-5 Psalms 16–11 16:1-11 Psalms 17–15 17:1-15 Psalms 18–50 18:1-50 Psalms 19–14 19:1-14 Psalms 20–9 20:1-9 Psalms 21–13 21:1-13 Psalms 22–31 22:1-31 Psalms 23–6 23:1-6 Psalms 24–10 24:1-10 Psalms 25–22 25:1-22 Psalms 26–12 26:1-12 Psalms 27–14 27:1-14 Psalms 28–9 28:1-9 Psalms 29–11 29:1-11 Psalms 30–12 30:1-12 Psalms 31–24 31:1-24 Psalms 32–33 32:1-33:22 Psalms 34–22 34:1-22 Psalms 35–28 35:1-28 Psalms 36–12 36:1-12 Psalms 37–40 37:1-40 Psalms 38–22 38:1-22 Psalms 39–13 39:1-13 Psalms 40–17 40:1-17 Psalms 41–13 41:1-13 Psalms 42–43 42:1-43:5 Psalms 44–26 44:1-26 Psalms 45–17 45:1-17 Psalms 46–11 46:1-11 Psalms 47–9 47:1-9 Psalms 48–14 48:1-14 Psalms 49–20 49:1-20 Psalms 50–23 50:1-23 Psalms 51–19 51:1-19 Psalms 52–9 52:1-9 Psalms 53–6 53:1-6 Psalms 54–7 54:1-7 Psalms 55–23 55:1-23 Psalms 56–13 56:1-13 Psalms 57–11 57:1-11 Psalms 58–11 58:1-11 Psalms 59–17 59:1-17 Psalms 60–12 60:1-12 Psalms 61–8 61:1-8 Psalms 62–12 62:1-12 Psalms 63–11 63:1-11 Psalms 64–10 64:1-10 Psalms 65–13 65:1-13 Psalms 66–20 66:1-20 Psalms 67–7 67:1-7 Psalms 68–35 68:1-35 Psalms 69–36 69:1-36 Psalms 70–71 70:1-71:24 Psalms 72–20 72:1-20 Psalms 73–28 73:1-28 Psalms 74–23 74:1-23 Psalms 75–10 75:1-10 Psalms 76–12 76:1-12 Psalms 77–20 77:1-20 Psalms 78–72 78:1-72 Psalms 79–13 79:1-13 Psalms 80–19 80:1-19 Psalms 81–16 81:1-16 Psalms 82–8 82:1-8 Psalms 83–18 83:1-18 Psalms 84–12 84:1-12 Psalms 85–13 85:1-13 Psalms 86–17 86:1-17 Psalms 87–7 87:1-7 Psalms 88–18 88:1-18 Psalms 89–52 89:1-52 Psalms 90–91 90:1-91:16 Psalms 92–97 92:1-97:12 Psalms 98–99 98:1-99:9 Psalms 100–5 100:1-5 Psalms 101–8 101:1-8 Psalms 102–28 102:1-28 Psalms 103–106 103:1-106:48 Psalms 107–43 107:1-43 Psalms 108–13 108:1-13 Psalms 109–31 109:1-31 Psalms 110–118 110:1-118:29 Psalms 119–8 119:1-8 Psalms 119–16 119:9-16 Psalms 119–24 119:17-24 Psalms 119–32 119:25-32 Psalms 119–40 119:33-40 Psalms 119–48 119:41-48 Psalms 119–56 119:49-56 Psalms 119–64 119:57-64 Psalms 119–72 119:65-72 Psalms 119–80 119:73-80 Psalms 119–88 119:81-88 Psalms 119–176 119:89-176 Psalms 119–104 119:96-104 Psalms 119–112 119:105-112 Psalms 119–120 119:113-120 Psalms 119–128 119:121-128 Psalms 119–136 119:129-136 Psalms 119–144 119:137-144 Psalms 119–152 119:145-152 Psalms 119–160 119:153-160 Psalms 119–168 119:161-168 Psalms 119–176 119:169-176 Psalms 120–7 120:1-7 Psalms 121–8 121:1-8 Psalms 122–9 122:1-9 Psalms 123–4 123:1-4 Psalms 124–8 124:1-8 Psalms 125–5 125:1-5 Psalms 126–6 126:1-6 Psalms 127–5 127:1-5 Psalms 128–6 128:1-6 Psalms 129–8 129:1-8 Psalms 130–8 130:1-8 Psalms 131–3 131:1-3 Psalms 132–18 132:1-18 Psalms 133–3 133:1-3 Psalms 134–137 134:1-137:9 Psalms 138–8 138:1-8 Psalms 139–24 139:1-24 Psalms 140–13 140:1-13 Psalms 141–10 141:1-10 Psalms 142–7 142:1-7 Psalms 143–12 143:1-12 Psalms 144–15 144:1-15 Psalms 145–150 145:1-150:6

Proverbs

Introduction: The Purpose of Proverbs and the Fear of the Lord 1:1-7 Warning Against Enticement by Sinners 1:8-19 Wisdom's Public Call and the Folly of Rejection 1:20-33 The Value of Wisdom and Its Protection 2:1-22 Trusting God and Walking in Wisdom 3:1-35 A Father's Exhortation to Hold Fast to Wisdom 4:1-27 Warning Against Adultery and a Call to Fidelity 5:1-23 Warnings: Surety, Laziness, and Wickedness 6:1-19 Obey Parental Commands and the Dangers of Adultery 6:20-35 The Example of a Young Man Seduced 7:1-27 Wisdom's Proclamation and Blessings 8:1-36 Contrasting Invitations of Wisdom and Folly 9:1-18 Solomon's Proverbs: Contrasts of Righteousness and Folly 10:1-32 Proverbs on Justice, Integrity, and Righteous Living 11:1-31 Wise Conduct, Diligence, and Righteous Speech 12:1-28 Discipline, Wealth, and the Wise Child 13:1-25 Sayings on Wisdom, Folly, and the Fear of the Lord 14:1-35 The Power of Speech and the Benefits of Wisdom 15:1-33 God's Sovereignty Over Human Plans 16:1-33 Relations and Righteousness: Peace, Speech, and Integrity 17:1-28 The Power of Words and the Nature of Companionship 18:1-24 Advice on Wealth, Conduct, and Discipline 19:1-29 Counsel, Justice, and Warnings Against Excess 20:1-30 Divine Sovereignty, Justice, and the King's Role 21:1-31 Reputation, Generosity, and Child Discipline 22:1-16 Sayings of the Wise: Practical Moral Instruction 22:17-24:34 Solomon's Proverbs on Restraint and Leadership 25:1-28 Folly and Foolish Behavior in Speech and Deeds 26:1-28 Friendship, Counsel, and Practical Wisdom for Life 27:1-27 Justice, Righteousness, and the Results of Rebellion 28:1-28 Discipline, Leadership, and Social Order 29:1-27 The Sayings of Agur: Humility and Observations 30:1-33 Advice to King Lemuel and the Virtuous Woman 31:1-31

Isaiah

Judah's Rebellion and Call to Repentance 1:1-31 The Mountain of the Lord and the Nations' Hope 2:1-6 Judgment on Arrogance and Idolatry 2:7-22 Judgment on Jerusalem's Leaders and Social Order 3:1-4:1 The Branch and the Renewal of Zion 4:2-6 The Song of the Vineyard: Israel's Failure 5:1-7 Woes to Israel and Coming Judgment 5:8-30 Isaiah's Vision and Commission 6:1-13 Ahaz, the Immanuel Sign, and Invasion 7:1-25 The Sign of Plunder and a Call to Courage 8:1-10 Trust the Lord, Not Alliances or Diviners 8:11-22 A Child Is Born: Promise of Peace 9:1-7 Israel's Arrogance and Coming Punishment 9:8-10:4 Assyria: Instrument of Judgment and Its Doom 10:5-19 The Remnant and the Fall of Assyria 10:20-34 The Righteous Branch and the Peaceable Kingdom 11:1-16 A Song of Praise for God's Salvation 12:1-6 Babylon's Doom and the Day of the Lord 13:1-14:23 God's Decree: Assyria Overthrown 14:24-27 Oracle Concerning Philistia and Promise to Zion 14:28-32 Lament for Moab 15:1-16:14 Judgment on Damascus and Northern Israel 17:1-14 A Message to Cush (Ethiopia) 18:1-7 Judgment on Egypt and Future Salvation 19:1-25 Isaiah's Sign against Egypt and Cush 20:1-6 Prophecy of Babylon's Fall (The Watchman's Report) 21:1-10 Oracle concerning Dumah: The Night Watchman's Lament 21:11-12 Oracle Against Arabia (Dedan and Kedar) 21:13-17 The Valley of Vision: Jerusalem's Fall and Leadership Change 22:1-25 Tyre's Fall and Future Restoration 23:1-18 The Lord's Universal Judgment and Final Reign 24:1-23 Praise for God's Triumph and Deliverance 25:1-12 Trust in God and Hope for Deliverance 26:1-21 The Slaying of Leviathan and Israel's Restoration 27:1-13 Woe to Ephraim and Judah: Drunkenness and Judgment 28:1-29 Woe to Ariel (Jerusalem) and Promise of Enlightenment 29:1-24 Rebuke for Seeking Egypt's Help; Call to Trust the Lord 30:1-33 Egypt Is No Help; The Lord Will Save Jerusalem 31:1-9 A Righteous King and Just Leadership 32:1-8 Call to Repentance and Promise of Renewal 32:9-20 A Plea for Deliverance and the Lord's Judgment 33:1-24 The Lord's Vengeance on the Nations (Edom) 34:1-17 The Glorious Restoration of the Redeemed 35:1-10 Sennacherib's Siege and Rabshakeh's Taunt 36:1-22 Hezekiah Seeks Isaiah; Rabshakeh's Threat 37:1-13 Hezekiah's Prayer and Isaiah's Assurance 37:14-20 God Delivers Jerusalem and Sennacherib's Defeat 37:21-38 Hezekiah's Illness, Prayer, and Recovery 38:1-22 Babylonian Envoys and the Announcement of Exile 39:1-8 Comfort for Zion and the Majesty of God 40:1-31 God Defends Israel Against the Nations and Idols 41:1-29 The Servant of the Lord: Covenant and Mission 42:1-9 A Call to Praise and God's Guidance for the Blind 42:10-17 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Resulting Judgment 42:18-25 Israel Redeemed: God's Sovereign Deliverer 43:1-13 The Lord Proclaims Redemption and Rebukes Israel 43:14-28 Israel Chosen and Blessed by the Spirit 44:1-5 The Folly of Idols and God's Uniqueness 44:6-23 God the Creator and the Call of Cyrus for Israel's Restoration 44:24-45:25 The God Who Carries and Redeems: Yahweh's Sovereignty over Idols 46:1-13 The Humbling of Babylon the Mistress 47:1-15 Israel's Stubbornness and God's Resolute Purpose 48:1-11 God's Sovereign 'I Am' and Call to Return 48:12-22 The Servant's Commission to Restore Israel and the Nations 49:1-8 Restoration and Promise to Gather Israel 49:9-26 The Servant's Suffering and Israel's Rejection 50:1-11 Comfort for Zion: Remember Abraham; God's Salvation 51:1-16 Awakening of Zion and Proclamation of Salvation 51:17-52:12 The Suffering Servant and Atonement 52:13-53:12 The Exalted Zion: Promise of Restoration and Protection 54:1-17 Invitation to Life and the Power of God's Word 55:1-13 Justice, Inclusion, and Sabbath Observance 56:1-8 Condemnation of Idolatry and Complacency 56:9-57:13 Restoration for the Humble and Promise of Peace 57:14-21 True Fasting: Justice, Mercy, and Sabbath Blessing 58:1-14 Sin's Consequences and God's Redeeming Intervention 59:1-21 The Glory and Gathering of Zion 60:1-22 The Year of the Lord's Favor and Joyful Restoration 61:1-11 Zion's Vindication and New Name 62:1-12 The Lord's Vengeance: Treading the Winepress 63:1-6 Remembering God's Mercy and Plea for Restoration 63:7-64:12 God's Grace to the Faithful and Judgment on the Rebellious 65:1-16 A New Creation: Joy and Peace 65:17-25 The Lord's Final Judgment and the New Creation 66:1-24

Jeremiah

The Call and Commission of Jeremiah 1:1-19 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Call to Repentance 2:1-3:5 Judah's Spiritual Adultery and Call to Return 3:6-4:4 The Coming Calamity on the Land 4:5-31 An Accusation against Jerusalem's Corruption 5:1-31 The Siege and Devastation of Jerusalem 6:1-30 The Temple Sermon: False Security Condemned 7:1-29 Violence and Corruption in the Land 7:30-8:3 Persistent Idolatry and Coming Punishment 8:4-9:26 The Folly of Idols 10:1-16 Judah's Flight and Jeremiah's Lament 10:17-22 A Prayer for Direction and Deliverance 10:23-25 The Broken Covenant and a Public Warning 11:1-17 Conspiracy against Jeremiah and God's Vindication 11:18-23 Jeremiah's Complaint to God 12:1-4 A Call to Endure and Judgment on Nations 12:5-17 The Linen Belt: Symbol of Judah's Humiliation 13:1-11 A Sign of Shame and Pronounced Judgment 13:12-14 A Lament of Shame and Imminent Disaster 13:15-27 Famine, False Prophets, and Divine Judgment 14:1-15:21 Symbolic Acts and the People's Sinfulness 16:1-17:18 Warning about Sabbath Violations 17:19-27 The Potter and the Broken Jar: Judgment on Jerusalem 18:1-19:15 Persecution by Pashhur the Priest 20:1-6 Jeremiah's Lament and Resolve 20:7-18 A Message to the Royal House: Doom for Jerusalem 21:1-14 Judgment on the Kings and Royal House 22:1-30 False Shepherds Condemned and a Righteous Branch Promised 23:1-8 Condemnation of False Prophets 23:9-32 The Lord Rebukes False Oracles 23:33-40 The Two Figs: Exile and Remnant 24:1-10 Seventy Years of Babylonian Dominion 25:1-14 The Cup of God's Wrath on the Nations 25:15-38 Jeremiah's Temple Address, Arrest, and Vindication 26:1-24 The Yoke of Babylon and Call to Submit 27:1-22 Hananiah's False Prophecy and Its Rebuke 28:1-17 Letter to the Exiles: Seek the Welfare of Babylon 29:1-23 Shemaiah's Letter and Its Condemnation 29:24-32 The Book of Comfort: Restoration and the New Covenant 30:1-31:40 Jeremiah Buys a Field: Faith and Hope in Captivity 32:1-44 Promise of Restoration and the Davidic Covenant 33:1-26 Zedekiah's Appeal and Jeremiah's Warning 34:1-7 Breach of Covenant and Punishment for Oppression 34:8-22 The Rechabites' Fidelity as a Rebuke to Judah 35:1-19 Baruch Writes Jeremiah's Words and the Scroll Is Burned 36:1-32 Jeremiah Imprisoned during the Siege of Jerusalem 37:1-21 Jeremiah Cast into a Cistern 38:1-13 Ebed‑Melech Rescues Jeremiah; Zedekiah's Failure 38:14-28 The Fall of Jerusalem and Jeremiah's Release 39:1-18 Gedaliah Appointed Governor and Jeremiah's Choice 40:1-6 Assassination of Gedaliah and the Terror in Judah 40:7-41:15 Rejection of Jeremiah's Counsel and Flight to Egypt 41:16-43:13 The Jews in Egypt: Idolatry and Condemnation 44:1-30 A Word to Baruch: Encouragement and Warning 45:1-5 Oracles against Egypt 46:1-28 Judgment on the Philistines 47:1-7 Judgment on Moab 48:1-47 Judgment on Ammon 49:1-6 Judgment on Edom 49:7-22 Judgment on Damascus and Aram 49:23-27 Destruction of Kedar and the Nomads 49:28-33 Judgment on Elam and Future Restoration 49:34-39 Judgment on Babylon and Its Final Fall 50:1-51:64 The Fall of Jerusalem and Zedekiah's Fate 52:1-30 Jehoiachin's Release from Babylonian Captivity 52:31-34

Ezekiel

The Vision of God's Glory and the Living Creatures 1:1-28 Ezekiel's Commission and the Eating of the Scroll 2:1-3:15 Ezekiel Appointed as Watchman and Made Speechless 3:16-27 Symbolic Acts of Siege and Judgment on Jerusalem 4:1-5:17 Judgment on Israel for Idolatry 6:1-14 The Day of the Lord: Impending Disaster 7:1-27 Visions of Temple Abominations 8:1-18 The Execution of Jerusalem's Wicked and the Marked Few 9:1-11 The Departure of God's Glory from the Temple 10:1-22 Condemnation of Jerusalem's Leaders 11:1-15 The Departure of God's Glory and Promise of Restoration 11:16-25 Signs of Exile and the Futility of False Hopes 12:1-28 Condemnation of False Prophets and Diviners 13:1-23 Elders' Idolatry and Its Consequences 14:1-11 Judgment on Nations and the Limits of Intercession 14:12-23 Jerusalem Portrayed as a Useless Vine 15:1-8 Jerusalem's Infidelity: Shame, Judgment, and Vindication 16:1-63 The Parable of the Two Eagles: Zedekiah's Folly 17:1-24 Individual Responsibility and the Call to Repentance 18:1-32 A Lament for Israel's Princes 19:1-14 Israel's History of Rebellion and Divine Judgment 20:1-29 Punishment for Profane Worship and Promise of Restoration 20:30-44 A Prophecy Against the Mountains of Israel 20:45-49 The Sword of the Lord: Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations 21:1-32 Jerusalem's Corruption and the Search for a Righteous Remnant 22:1-31 The Sisters' Harlotry: Samaria and Jerusalem Condemned 23:1-49 The Boiling Pot: Prophecy of Jerusalem's Siege 24:1-14 The Sign of Ezekiel's Wife's Death: Judgment and Changed Lament 24:15-27 Oracle Against Ammon 25:1-7 Oracles Against Moab and Seir 25:8-11 Judgment on the Philistines 25:12-14 Oracle Against Tyre 25:15-17 The Fall of Tyre Foretold 26:1-21 Lamentation for Tyre, the Merchant City 27:1-36 The Pride and Fall of Tyre's Ruler 28:1-19 Judgment on Sidon and Promise of Israel's Security 28:20-26 Egypt's Humiliation and Years of Desolation 29:1-21 The Day of the Lord Against Egypt and Its Allies 30:1-26 Egypt Compared to the Fallen Cedar: Pride and Doom 31:1-18 Lament for Egypt's Collapse and Descent into Sheol 32:1-32 The Watchman's Duty and Personal Responsibility 33:1-20 Report of Jerusalem's Fall and the People's Alarm 33:21-33 Condemnation of Bad Shepherds and Promise of a Good Shepherd 34:1-31 Judgment on Edom for Rejoicing over Israel 35:1-15 Promise of Israel's Restoration and Spiritual Renewal 36:1-38 The Valley of Dry Bones: National Revival 37:1-14 The Two Sticks: Unity of Israel and the Davidic Covenant 37:15-28 The Invasion of Gog and Its Defeat 38:1-39:29 Vision of the Future Temple: Introduction and Commission 40:1-4 Measurements of the Outer Court and Gateways 40:5-16 Courtyard Entrances and Portico Dimensions 40:17-19 Inner Court Entrances and Chambers 40:20-23 Vestibules and Side Entrance Specifications 40:24-27 Details of Inner Chambers and Gate Structure 40:28-37 Porches, Chambers, and Steps of the Temple Court 40:38-43 Priests' Chambers and the Prince's Quarters 40:44-47 The Inner Sanctuary and Holy Place Measurements 40:48-41:26 Priestly Chambers and the Inner Court Layout 42:1-20 The Return of God's Glory to the Temple 43:1-12 Altar Design and Sacrificial Regulations 43:13-27 Temple Gates, Priestly Roles, and Exclusions 44:1-31 Land Allotments and the Prince's Portion 45:1-12 Worship Regulations: Offerings, Festivals, and the Prince 45:13-46:24 The Life-Giving River Flowing from the Temple 47:1-12 Division of the Land and Inheritance Boundaries 47:13-23 Tribal Allotments in the Restored Land 48:1-29 The City Gates and the Name: 'The Lord Is There' 48:30-35

Matthew

The Genealogy of Jesus 1:1-17 The Birth of Jesus Foretold to Joseph 1:18-25 The Visit of the Magi 2:1-12 Flight into Egypt and the Slaughter of the Innocents 2:13-18 Return to Nazareth 2:19-23 John the Baptist Prepares the Way 3:1-12 The Baptism of Jesus 3:13-17 The Temptation of Jesus 4:1-11 Jesus Begins His Galilean Ministry 4:12-17 Jesus Calls the First Disciples 4:18-22 Jesus Ministers Throughout Galilee 4:23-25 The Beatitudes 5:1-12 Salt and Light 5:13-16 Jesus and the Law 5:17-20 Teaching on Anger and Reconciliation 5:21-26 Teaching on Adultery and Lust 5:27-30 Teaching on Divorce 5:31-32 Teaching on Oaths and Honesty 5:33-37 Teaching on Retaliation and Generosity 5:38-42 Love Your Enemies 5:43-48 Giving to the Needy in Secret 6:1-4 Prayer and the Lord's Prayer 6:5-15 Teaching on Fasting 6:16-18 Treasures and Serving God 6:19-24 Do Not Worry 6:25-34 Do Not Judge 7:1-6 Ask, Seek, Knock and the Golden Rule 7:7-12 The Narrow and Wide Gates 7:13-14 Recognizing False Prophets 7:15-23 Parable of the Wise and Foolish Builders 7:24-29 Jesus Cleanses a Leper 8:1-4 The Faith of the Centurion 8:5-13 Jesus Heals Many and Fulfills Prophecy 8:14-17 The Cost of Discipleship 8:18-22 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:23-27 Healing of Two Demon-Possessed Men 8:28-34 Jesus Heals a Paralytic 9:1-8 Jesus Calls Matthew and Eats with Sinners 9:9-13 Fasting and the New Cloth and Wineskins 9:14-17 A Daughter Restored and a Woman Healed 9:18-26 Two Blind Men Healed and a Mute Man Restored 9:27-34 Jesus' Compassion and the Call for Workers 9:35-38 The Mission of the Twelve 10:1-42 John's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony about John 11:1-19 Woe to Unrepentant Cities 11:20-24 The Father's Revelation and Rest for the Weary 11:25-30 Sabbath Controversies: Grain and Healing 12:1-14 Jesus Heals and Fulfills Isaiah's Prophecy 12:15-21 Accusation, Blasphemy Against the Spirit, and the Heart's Fruit 12:22-37 The Sign of Jonah and the Unclean Spirit 12:38-45 Jesus Redefines Family 12:46-50 The Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 13:1-23 The Parable of the Weeds 13:24-30 The Mustard Seed and the Yeast 13:31-35 Explanation of the Weeds and End-Time Judgment 13:36-43 Treasure and Pearl: The Kingdom's Value 13:44-46 The Net and New and Old Treasures 13:47-52 Jesus Rejected at Nazareth 13:53-58 The Execution of John the Baptist 14:1-12 Feeding the Five Thousand 14:13-21 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals Many 14:22-36 Tradition, Purity, and the Canaanite Woman's Faith 15:1-28 Jesus Heals Many and Feeds the Four Thousand 15:29-39 Pharisees Demand a Sign 16:1-4 Warning About the Teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees 16:5-12 Peter's Confession: You Are the Christ 16:13-20 Jesus Foretells His Death and Discipleship 16:21-28 The Transfiguration 17:1-13 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy and a Second Prediction of Death 17:14-23 Payment of the Temple Tax 17:24-27 Humility and Care for Little Ones 18:1-9 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 18:10-14 Church Discipline and Prayer 18:15-20 Forgiveness and the Unforgiving Servant 18:21-35 Marriage, Divorce, and Children 19:1-15 The Rich Young Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 19:16-30 The Parable of the Laborers in the Vineyard 20:1-16 Jesus Predicts His Death and Resurrection 20:17-19 Request for Honor and Teaching on Servanthood 20:20-28 Two Blind Men Healed Near Jericho 20:29-34 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 21:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Heals 21:12-17 The Withered Fig Tree and Teaching on Faith 21:18-22 Jesus' Authority Challenged 21:23-27 The Parable of the Two Sons 21:28-32 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 21:33-46 The Parable of the Wedding Banquet 22:1-14 Question about Paying Taxes to Caesar 22:15-22 The Sadducees and the Resurrection 22:23-33 The Greatest Commandment 22:34-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees about the Messiah 22:41-46 Seven Woes on the Scribes and Pharisees 23:1-39 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of the End and the Temple's Destruction 24:1-35 The Olivet Discourse: Watchfulness and Judgment 24:36-51 The Parable of the Ten Virgins 25:1-13 The Parable of the Talents 25:14-30 The Final Judgment: Sheep and Goats 25:31-46 The Plot to Arrest Jesus 26:1-5 The Anointing at Bethany 26:6-13 Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus 26:14-16 The Last Supper 26:17-30 Jesus Predicts Peter's Denial 26:31-35 Prayer in Gethsemane 26:36-46 The Arrest of Jesus 26:47-56 Jesus Before the Sanhedrin 26:57-68 Peter's Denial and Repentance 26:69-75 Judas' Remorse and Suicide 27:1-10 Jesus Sentenced by Pilate 27:11-26 Jesus Mocked and Scourged 27:27-31 The Crucifixion and Mockery 27:32-44 The Death of Jesus 27:45-56 Jesus Is Buried 27:57-61 The Tomb Secured by the Authorities 27:62-66 The Resurrection: Women at the Tomb 28:1-10 The Guards' Report and the Chief Priests' Lie 28:11-15 The Great Commission 28:16-20

Mark

John the Baptist Prepares the Way 1:1-8 The Baptism and Temptation of Jesus 1:9-13 Jesus Begins His Ministry and Calls the First Disciples 1:14-20 Jesus Teaches with Authority and Casts Out an Unclean Spirit 1:21-28 Healings and Demons Cleansed at Simon's Home 1:29-34 Jesus Prays and Proclaims the Kingdom in Galilee 1:35-39 Healing of a Man with Leprosy 1:40-45 Forgiveness and Healing of a Paralytic 2:1-12 Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 2:13-17 Questions about Fasting; New Cloth and Wineskins 2:18-22 Sabbath Controversies: Grain, Healing, and Plot Against Jesus 2:23-3:6 Great Crowds Follow; Unclean Spirits Acknowledge Jesus 3:7-12 Jesus Appoints the Twelve Apostles 3:13-19 Accusations of Beelzebul and the Parable of the Strong Man 3:20-30 Jesus Redefines True Family 3:31-35 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 4:1-20 A Lamp, Measure, and the Principle of Growth 4:21-25 Parable of the Growing Seed 4:26-29 The Mustard Seed and the Kingdom's Growth 4:30-34 Jesus Calms the Storm 4:35-41 The Gerasene Demoniac Restored 5:1-20 A Woman Healed and Jairus' Daughter Raised 5:21-43 Jesus Rejected in His Hometown 6:1-6 Jesus Sends Out the Twelve 6:7-13 Herod, Herodias, and the Death of John the Baptist 6:14-29 Feeding of the Five Thousand 6:30-44 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals at Gennesaret 6:45-56 Tradition, Inner Purity, and What Truly Defiles 7:1-23 A Gentile Woman's Faith and the Healing at Tyre 7:24-30 Jesus Heals a Deaf Man Who Could Not Speak Clearly 7:31-37 Feeding the Four Thousand and the Pharisees' Demand for a Sign 8:1-13 Beware the Yeast of the Pharisees and Herod 8:14-21 Healing of a Blind Man at Bethsaida 8:22-26 Peter Confesses Jesus as the Christ 8:27-30 Jesus Predicts His Death and Calls Disciples to Take Up the Cross 8:31-9:1 The Transfiguration and the Return of Elijah 9:2-13 Healing of a Boy with an Unclean Spirit; Jesus Predicts His Passion Again 9:14-32 Who Is the Greatest? A Child as the Model of Service 9:33-37 Tolerance for Those Who Serve in Jesus' Name 9:38-41 Warnings about Causing Sin; Exhortations on Salt and Holiness 9:42-50 Jesus' Teaching on Divorce 10:1-12 Jesus Blesses Little Children 10:13-16 The Rich Young Man and the Cost of Discipleship 10:17-31 Jesus Again Predicts His Suffering, Death, and Resurrection 10:32-34 Ambition and Servanthood: The Way of True Greatness 10:35-45 Jesus Heals Blind Bartimaeus 10:46-52 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 11:1-11 Withered Fig Tree and the Cleansing of the Temple 11:12-19 Faith, Prayer, and the Call to Forgiveness 11:20-26 Religious Leaders Question Jesus' Authority 11:27-33 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 12:1-12 Render to Caesar: Taxes and Allegiance 12:13-17 Sadducees Challenge Resurrection; Jesus Teaches Eternal Life 12:18-27 The Greatest Commandment: Love God and Neighbor 12:28-34 Jesus Questions the Messiah and Warns Against Scribes 12:35-40 The Widow's Offering: True Generosity 12:41-44 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of Destruction and the End 13:1-31 No One Knows the Day: Be Watchful 13:32-37 Plot to Kill Jesus and the Anointing at Bethany 14:1-11 The Passover Meal and Institution of the Lord's Supper 14:12-26 Jesus Predicts the Disciples' Flight and Peter's Denial 14:27-31 Gethsemane: Jesus' Agony and Prayer 14:32-42 The Arrest of Jesus in Gethsemane 14:43-52 Jesus Before the Council 14:53-65 Peter's Denial and His Remorse 14:66-72 Jesus Before Pilate; Barabbas Released 15:1-15 The Soldiers Mock and Scourge Jesus 15:16-20 The Way of the Cross and the Crucifixion 15:21-32 Jesus' Death and the Centurion's Confession 15:33-41 The Burial of Jesus 15:42-47 The Resurrection: Women Find the Empty Tomb 16:1-8 Appearances of the Risen Lord and the Commission 16:9-20

Luke

Purpose and Order of the Gospel 1:1-4 Announcement of John the Baptist's Birth 1:5-25 The Annunciation to Mary 1:26-38 Mary Visits Elizabeth 1:39-45 Mary's Song (The Magnificat) 1:46-56 The Birth and Naming of John 1:57-66 Zechariah's Prophecy and John's Mission 1:67-80 The Birth of Jesus in Bethlehem 2:1-7 Angels Announce the Shepherds' Good News 2:8-20 Presentation in the Temple; Simeon and Anna 2:21-40 The Boy Jesus in the Temple 2:41-52 John the Baptist's Call to Repentance 3:1-20 The Baptism and Genealogy of Jesus 3:21-38 Jesus Tested in the Wilderness 4:1-13 Rejection at Nazareth 4:14-30 Authority over Unclean Spirits in Capernaum 4:31-37 Healings and Preaching in Galilee 4:38-44 The Call of the First Disciples 5:1-11 Healing a Man with Leprosy 5:12-16 A Paralytic Forgiven and Healed 5:17-26 The Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 5:27-32 Questions about Fasting; New Wine and Old Wineskins 5:33-39 Lord of the Sabbath and a Sabbath Healing 6:1-11 The Appointment of the Twelve Apostles 6:12-16 The Sermon on the Plain: Blessings and Woes 6:17-26 Love Your Enemies and Be Merciful 6:27-36 Judging Others and the Speck and Log 6:37-42 A Tree and Its Fruit: True Character Revealed 6:43-45 The Wise and Foolish Builders 6:46-49 The Faith of the Centurion 7:1-10 Raising the Widow's Son at Nain 7:11-17 John the Baptist's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony 7:18-35 A Sinful Woman Forgiven 7:36-50 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 8:1-15 Lighted Lamp and Hearing the Word 8:16-18 Jesus Redefines His Family 8:19-21 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:22-25 Healing the Gerasene Demoniac 8:26-39 Jairus' Daughter Raised and a Woman Healed 8:40-56 The Twelve Sent Out 9:1-9 Feeding the Five Thousand 9:10-17 Peter's Confession and the Way of the Cross 9:18-27 The Transfiguration 9:28-36 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy; A Second Passion Prediction 9:37-45 Who Is Greatest and a Servant's Ministry 9:46-50 Jesus Resolves for Jerusalem; Samaritan Rejection 9:51-56 The Cost of Discipleship 9:57-62 The Seventy Sent Out and Their Return 10:1-24 The Good Samaritan 10:25-37 Mary and Martha: Choosing the Better Part 10:38-42 The Lord's Prayer and Persistent Prayer 11:1-13 Jesus, Beelzebul, and True Blessedness 11:14-28 Demand for a Sign; Jonah and the Queen of the South 11:29-32 The Light of the Body and Inner Purity 11:33-36 Woes to the Pharisees and Lawyers 11:37-54 Warnings against Hypocrisy and Confession before Men 12:1-12 The Parable of the Rich Fool 12:13-21 Do Not Worry; Seek God's Kingdom 12:22-34 Watchfulness and Faithful Stewardship 12:35-48 Division Caused by Christ 12:49-53 Interpreting the Times and Settling with Adversaries 12:54-59 Call to Repentance and the Barren Fig Tree 13:1-9 Healing on the Sabbath and Jesus' Rebuke 13:10-17 Parables of the Mustard Seed and Yeast 13:18-21 The Narrow Door and the Cost of Entry 13:22-30 Jesus Laments over Jerusalem 13:31-35 Healing at a Pharisee's House and Humility at the Table 14:1-14 Parable of the Great Banquet 14:15-24 The Cost of Following Jesus; Salt and Saltiness 14:25-35 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 15:1-7 The Parable of the Lost Coin 15:8-10 The Parable of the Prodigal Son 15:11-32 The Shrewd Manager and Teaching on Wealth 16:1-15 Law, the Kingdom, and Divorce 16:16-18 The Rich Man and Lazarus 16:19-31 Teachings on Temptation, Forgiveness, and Duty 17:1-10 Healing of the Ten Lepers 17:11-19 The Coming of the Kingdom and End-Time Sayings 17:20-37 Parable of the Persistent Widow 18:1-8 Parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector 18:9-14 Jesus Blesses Little Children 18:15-17 The Rich Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 18:18-30 Jesus Predicts His Death Again 18:31-34 Healing of Blind Bartimaeus 18:35-43 Zacchaeus: Salvation Comes to His House 19:1-10 Parable of the Ten Minas 19:11-27 Triumphal Entry and Lament over Jerusalem 19:28-44 Cleansing the Temple and Teaching 19:45-48 Jesus' Authority Challenged 20:1-8 Parable of the Wicked Tenants 20:9-19 Paying Taxes to Caesar 20:20-26 Question about the Resurrection 20:27-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees; Warnings against Hypocrisy 20:41-47 The Widow's Offering 21:1-4 The Destruction of the Temple and Signs of the End 21:5-38 The Plot to Kill Jesus and Judas' Agreement 22:1-6 The Last Supper and Predictions of Denial 22:7-38 Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane 22:39-46 Jesus Arrested 22:47-53 Peter's Denial Fulfilled 22:54-62 Jesus Mocked and Beaten 22:63-65 Jesus before the Council and Pilate; Sentencing 22:66-23:25 The Way of the Cross and the Penitent Thief 23:26-43 The Death of Jesus and the Centurion's Confession 23:44-49 The Burial of Jesus 23:50-56 The Empty Tomb and the Women's Report 24:1-12 The Road to Emmaus and Recognition of the Risen Lord 24:13-35 Jesus Appears to the Disciples and Explains Scripture 24:36-49 The Ascension and the Disciples' Worship 24:50-53

John

The Word Became Flesh 1:1-18 John the Baptist's Witness 1:19-28 Behold the Lamb of God 1:29-34 The First Disciples and Simon Peter 1:35-42 Calling of Philip and Nathanael 1:43-51 The Wedding at Cana: Water Made Wine 2:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Speaks of His Body 2:12-25 Nicodemus and the New Birth 3:1-21 John the Baptist Exalts Jesus 3:22-36 Jesus and the Samaritan Woman at the Well 4:1-26 The Harvest Is Ready 4:27-38 Samaritans Believe in Jesus 4:39-42 Healing of the Royal Official's Son 4:43-54 Jesus Heals at Bethesda 5:1-15 Jesus Claims Authority Over Life and Judgment 5:16-30 Witnesses to Jesus and Israel's Unbelief 5:31-47 Feeding the Five Thousand 6:1-15 Jesus Walks on the Sea 6:16-24 Jesus the Bread of Life 6:25-59 Many Turn Away; Peter's Confession 6:60-71 Jesus Stays Away from Judea 7:1-13 Jesus Teaches at the Festival 7:14-24 Growing Division Over Jesus 7:25-44 Temple Officers and the Adulterous Woman 7:45-8:11 Jesus the Light and His Claim 8:12-30 True Discipleship and Freedom 8:31-41 Jesus' Divine Origin and Opposition 8:42-47 Jesus' 'I Am' and Preexistence 8:48-59 Healing of a Man Born Blind 9:1-12 Controversy with the Pharisees over the Healing 9:13-34 Spiritual Sight and Blindness 9:35-41 The Good Shepherd and His Sheep 10:1-21 Feast of Dedication and Controversy over Jesus 10:22-42 Lazarus' Sickness and Jesus' Intention 11:1-16 Jesus Weeps at Lazarus' Tomb 11:17-37 Jesus Raises Lazarus from the Dead 11:38-44 Plot to Kill Jesus and Caiaphas' Counsel 11:45-57 Mary Anoints Jesus; Plot to Kill Lazarus 12:1-11 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 12:12-19 Greeks Seek Jesus; He Predicts His Death 12:20-36 Unbelief and Jesus' Final Appeal 12:37-50 Jesus Washes the Disciples' Feet 13:1-17 The Prediction of Judas' Betrayal 13:18-30 The New Commandment and Peter's Denial 13:31-38 Jesus Promises a Place in the Father's House 14:1-4 Jesus the Way to the Father 14:5-14 Promise of the Holy Spirit and Peace 14:15-31 The Vine and the Command to Love 15:1-17 The World's Hatred and the Cost of Discipleship 15:18-16:4 The Holy Spirit's Work 16:5-16 Sorrow Turned to Joy; Peace in Christ 16:17-33 The Son's Prayer for Glory 17:1-5 Prayer for the Disciples' Protection and Sanctification 17:6-19 Prayer for Unity Among Believers 17:20-26 Jesus Arrested in Gethsemane 18:1-11 Jesus Brought to Annas 18:12-14 Peter's First Denial 18:15-18 Jesus Questioned and Struck Before the High Priest 18:19-24 Peter Denies Jesus Three Times 18:25-27 Jesus Before Pilate 18:28-40 Jesus Scourged, Mocked, and Sentenced to Crucifixion 19:1-16 The Crucifixion and Jesus' Care for His Mother 19:17-27 Jesus' Death and the Fulfillment of Scripture 19:28-37 Jesus' Burial 19:38-42 The Empty Tomb Discovered 20:1-9 Mary Magdalene Meets the Risen Lord 20:10-18 Jesus Appears to His Disciples and Breathes the Spirit 20:19-23 Thomas Believes; Purpose of John's Gospel 20:24-31 The Miraculous Catch and Breakfast by the Sea 21:1-14 Peter Reinstated and the Beloved Disciple 21:15-25

Acts

The Ascension of Jesus 1:1-11 Prayer in the Upper Room and the Choosing of Matthias 1:12-26 Pentecost: The Coming of the Spirit 2:1-13 Peter's Sermon and Three Thousand Converted 2:14-41 The Early Christian Community 2:42-47 Healing at the Beautiful Gate 3:1-10 Peter's Address at Solomon's Colonnade 3:11-26 The Apostles Before the Sanhedrin 4:1-22 Believers Pray for Boldness 4:23-31 The Believers Share Possessions 4:32-37 Ananias and Sapphira 5:1-11 Signs Performed by the Apostles 5:12-16 Persecution of the Apostles and Their Witness 5:17-42 The Appointment of the Seven Deacons 6:1-7 Stephen's Wisdom and Opposition 6:8-15 Stephen's Speech before the Sanhedrin 7:1-53 The Stoning of Stephen and the Persecution of the Church 7:54-8:1 Saul's Persecution Scatters the Church 8:2-3 Philip Proclaims Christ in Samaria 8:4-8 Simon Magus and Peter's Rebuke 8:9-25 Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch 8:26-40 The Conversion of Saul 9:1-19 Saul's Early Ministry and Acceptance by the Church 9:20-31 Peter Heals Aeneas and Raises Tabitha 9:32-43 Cornelius' Vision and the Call for Peter 10:1-8 Peter's Vision and the Messengers from Cornelius 10:9-23 Peter at Cornelius' House: Gentiles Receive the Spirit 10:24-48 Peter Defends the Conversion of Gentiles 11:1-18 The Church in Antioch and Famine Relief 11:19-30 Herod Executes James; Peter Miraculously Freed 12:1-19 Herod's Death and the Church's Continued Growth 12:20-25 The First Missionary Sending 13:1-3 Ministry in Cyprus and Elymas's Blinding 13:4-12 Paul's Mission in Pisidian Antioch 13:13-52 Paul and Barnabas in Iconium 14:1-7 Healing in Lystra and Paul's Stoning 14:8-20 Paul and Barnabas Strengthen the Churches 14:21-28 The Jerusalem Council on Gentile Circumcision 15:1-21 The Council's Letter and Peace with Antioch 15:22-35 Paul and Barnabas Separate 15:36-41 Timothy Joins Paul and Churches Are Strengthened 16:1-5 The Call to Macedonia 16:6-10 Lydia's Conversion at Philippi 16:11-15 Paul and Silas Imprisoned and Released in Philippi 16:16-40 Preaching in Thessalonica and Opposition 17:1-9 Berea's Noble Reception and Paul's Departure 17:10-15 Paul's Address at the Areopagus 17:16-34 Paul's Ministry in Corinth and Conflict 18:1-17 Paul Departs; Apollos Instructed by Priscilla and Aquila 18:18-28 Paul's Ministry and the Ephesian Disciples 19:1-22 The Ephesian Riot over Artemis 19:23-41 Paul's Journeys Through Macedonia and Greece 20:1-6 Eutychus Raised in Troas 20:7-12 Paul's Farewell to the Ephesian Elders 20:13-38 Paul's Voyage to Jerusalem 21:1-16 Paul's Arrival in Jerusalem and the Temple Ritual 21:17-26 Paul Seized in the Temple 21:27-36 Paul's Defense: His Conversion and Mission 21:37-22:21 Paul's Arrest and the Council's Division 22:22-23:11 The Plot to Kill Paul and the Soldier's Intervention 23:12-22 Paul Escorted to Caesarea under Guard 23:23-35 Paul's Defense before Governor Felix 24:1-27 Paul Brought before Festus and the Jewish Charges 25:1-12 King Agrippa Learns of Paul's Case 25:13-22 Paul's Defense Before Agrippa 25:23-26:32 Paul's Voyage to Rome Begins 27:1-12 The Storm at Sea and God's Promise of Safety 27:13-26 Shipwreck and Deliverance on Malta 27:27-44 Paul on Malta: Healing and Hospitality 28:1-10 Voyage to Rome and Arrival 28:11-16 Paul in Rome: Preaching under House Arrest 28:17-31

Romans

Paul's Greeting and the Gospel's Power 1:1-17 God's Wrath Against Ungodliness 1:18-32 God's Impartial Judgment and Conscience 2:1-16 The Law, True Circumcision, and Jewish Identity 2:17-29 Israel's Advantage and God's Faithfulness 3:1-8 Universal Sinfulness and the Law's Condemnation 3:9-20 Righteousness Through Faith and Justification 3:21-31 Abraham: Justification by Faith 4:1-25 Peace with God and Reconciliation 5:1-11 Adam and Christ: Death, Grace, and Righteousness 5:12-21 Dead to Sin, Alive in Christ 6:1-14 Slavery to Sin or to Righteousness 6:15-23 Released from the Law to Serve in the Spirit 7:1-6 The Inner Conflict: Law, Sin, and the Flesh 7:7-25 Life in the Spirit: Freedom and Adoption 8:1-17 Future Glory and the Spirit's Intercession 8:18-27 Assurance of God's Love: Nothing Can Separate Us 8:28-39 Paul's Sorrow and God's Sovereign Election 9:1-29 Righteousness by Faith and Israel's Unbelief 9:30-10:21 A Remnant Preserved and Israel's Hardening 11:1-10 Gentiles Grafted In and a Warning Against Boasting 11:11-24 The Mystery of Israel's Salvation and God's Mercy 11:25-32 Doxology: Praise for God's Wisdom and Sovereignty 11:33-36 A Living Sacrifice and the Diversity of Gifts 12:1-8 Christian Conduct: Love, Humility, and Ethical Duties 12:9-21 Submission to Authorities and Civic Duty 13:1-7 Love Fulfills the Law; Walk in the Light 13:8-14 Christian Liberty, Conscience, and Mutual Acceptance 14:1-15:13 Paul's Service to the Gentiles and Missionary Ambition 15:14-22 Paul's Travel Plans and Prayer Requests 15:23-33 Personal Greetings, Final Warnings, and Doxology 16:1-27

Revelation

The Revelation Announced and the Blessing 1:1-3 Greeting and the Lord's Self‑Declaration 1:4-8 John's Vision of the Glorified Son of Man 1:9-20 Letter to Ephesus: Faithfulness and the Call to Repent 2:1-7 Letter to Smyrna: Persecution and the Crown of Life 2:8-11 Letter to Pergamum: Fidelity and False Teaching 2:12-17 Letter to Thyatira: Tolerance of Immorality and Promise to Overcomers 2:18-29 Letter to Sardis: Wakefulness and Repentance 3:1-6 Letter to Philadelphia: An Open Door and a Promise of Protection 3:7-13 Letter to Laodicea: Lukewarmness and the Call to Repent 3:14-22 The Throne in Heaven and Heavenly Worship 4:1-11 The Sealed Scroll and the Worthy Lamb 5:1-14 The Six Seals: Tribulation and Cosmic Disturbance 6:1-17 The Sealing of the 144,000 7:1-8 The Multitude Before the Throne: Salvation and Comfort 7:9-17 The Seventh Seal and the Prayers of the Saints 8:1-5 The Trumpet Judgments: Plagues and Woes 8:6-9:21 The Mighty Angel and the Little Scroll 10:1-11 The Two Witnesses: Prophecy, Death, and Resurrection 11:1-14 The Seventh Trumpet: God's Kingdom Proclaimed and the Temple Opened 11:15-19 The Cosmic Conflict: The Woman, the Dragon, and the Male Child 12:1-13:1 The Sea Beast: Blasphemy and Persecution 13:2-10 The Earth Beast and the Mark of the Beast 13:11-18 The Lamb on Mount Zion and the 144,000 14:1-5 The Three Angels' Messages and the Call to Endure 14:6-13 The Harvest of the Earth: Reaping God's Judgment 14:14-20 The Seven Last Plagues and the Victors' Song 15:1-8 The Bowl Judgments: The Seven Bowls of God's Wrath 16:1-21 The Fall of Babylon the Great and the Beast's Doom 17:1-18:24 Heavenly Praise and the Marriage of the Lamb 19:1-10 Christ's Triumphant Return and the Defeat of the Beast 19:11-21 Satan Bound and the Reign of the Saints 20:1-6 Satan's Final Rebellion and Defeat 20:7-10 The Great White Throne and the Final Judgment 20:11-15 The New Heaven and New Earth and the New Jerusalem 21:1-27 The River of Life and the Throne of God 22:1-6
1 Do not rejoice, O Israel; do not exult like the nations—for you have prostituted yourself, forsaking your God; you loved reward on every threshing-floor.

Hos.9.1 - Details

Translation

Do not rejoice, O Israel; do not exult like the nations—for you have prostituted yourself, forsaking your God; you loved reward on every threshing-floor.

Original Text

אל־ תשמח ישראל ׀ אל־ גיל כעמים כי זנית מעל אלהיך אהבת אתנן על כל־ גרנות דגן׃

Morphology

  • אל: NEG
  • תשמח: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • גיל: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
  • כעמים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • כי: CONJ
  • זנית: VERB,qal,perf,2,f,sg
  • מעל: PREP
  • אלהיך: NOUN,m,sg,prsuf-2ms
  • אהבת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
  • אתנן: NOUN,m,sg,construct
  • על: PREP
  • כל: DET
  • גרנות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • דגן: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Hosea 2:5 (verbal): Same prophetic marriage/harlotry imagery in Hosea: Israel's adultery and 'love of hire' language and the consequent judgment are closely paralleled.
  • Hosea 4:12-13 (thematic): Continues the theme of Israel's sexual/ritual unfaithfulness—seeking lovers and performing cultic acts on high places and threshing floors.
  • Isaiah 1:21 (thematic): Isaiah likewise depicts Jerusalem/Israel as a 'faithless city' that has become a harlot, linking moral/spiritual corruption with forthcoming judgment.
  • Jeremiah 3:6-8 (allusion): God's depiction of Israel's infidelity in terms of divorce and sending away an unfaithful wife echoes Hosea's charge of prostitution and legal/relational breach.
  • Ezekiel 16:15 (verbal): Ezekiel uses explicit 'harlotry' language about Jerusalem—trusting in beauty and playing the harlot—paralleling Hosea's vivid accusation of sexual/ritual infidelity.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Do not rejoice, O Israel; do not exult like the nations; you have prostituted yourself from your God—you have loved a payment upon every grain-threshing floor.
  • Do not rejoice, O Israel; do not exult like the nations—for you have prostituted yourself, departing from your God; you loved the reward at every threshing floor.
2 The threshing floor and the winepress shall not make them glad; new wine shall fail them.

Hos.9.2 - Details

Translation

The threshing floor and the winepress shall not make them glad; new wine shall fail them.

Original Text

גרן ויקב לא ירעם ותירוש יכחש בה׃

Morphology

  • גרן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ויקב: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • ירעם: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • ותירוש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יכחש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • בה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg

Parallels

  • Joel 1:10-12 (verbal): Joel uses the same agricultural vocabulary—grain, wine, oil—and depicts grain being ruined and wine drying up as a divine judgment, paralleling Hosea’s image of the granary and winepress failing.
  • Isaiah 24:7-8 (verbal): Isaiah anthropomorphizes the vine and wine (‘the wine mourns; the vine languishes’), echoing Hosea’s language of wine ‘failing/denying itself’ to portray cosmic agricultural devastation as judgment.
  • Deuteronomy 28:38-40 (thematic): Deuteronomy’s covenant curses promise failed sowing and unproductive vines/winepresses for disobedience—the same motif of agricultural collapse and loss of produce found in Hosea 9:2.
  • Hosea 4:3 (structural): Within Hosea the land’s mourning and loss of resources (4:3) is closely linked to covenant unfaithfulness; it supplies the book‑internal context for the grain/wine imagery in 9:2.

Alternative generated candidates

  • The threshing-floor and the winepress shall not resound; the new wine shall be withheld.
  • The threshing-floor and the winepress shall not rejoice, and new wine will fail.
3 They shall not dwell in the land of the LORD; Ephraim shall return to Egypt, and in Assyria they shall eat unclean food.

Hos.9.3 - Details

Translation

They shall not dwell in the land of the LORD; Ephraim shall return to Egypt, and in Assyria they shall eat unclean food.

Original Text

לא ישבו בארץ יהוה ושב אפרים מצרים ובאשור טמא יאכלו׃

Morphology

  • לא: PART_NEG
  • ישבו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • בארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • ושב: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • אפרים: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • ובאשור: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • טמא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יאכלו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Hos.11.5 (verbal): Near-verbatim repetition within Hosea: repeats the lines about not dwelling in the land, Ephraim returning to Egypt, and defilement in Assyria.
  • Isa.31.1 (thematic): Condemns seeking help from Egypt; echoes the judgmental motif of Israel/Ephraim turning to Egypt and suffering for that dependence.
  • 2 Kings 17:6 (thematic): Records the Assyrian capture and deportation of Israel to Assyria — the historical event behind Hosea's reference to being 'in Assyria.'
  • 2 Kings 17:24-41 (thematic): Describes peoples and syncretic/foreign cultic practices in the land after deportation — parallels the imagery of defilement ('eating unclean') associated with exile in Assyria.
  • Isa.10:5 (allusion): Portrays Assyria as the Lord’s instrument of punishment against Israel; thematically parallels Hosea's use of Assyria as the locus of exile and defilement.

Alternative generated candidates

  • They shall not remain in the land of the LORD; Ephraim shall return to Egypt, and in Assyria they shall eat unclean food.
  • They shall not dwell in the land of the LORD; Ephraim shall return to Egypt, and in Assyria they shall eat unclean food.
4 They shall not pour out wine to the LORD, nor will their sacrifices please him; their offerings shall be like bread for mourners—whoever eats of it shall be defiled; for their bread is for their own life; it shall not come into the house of the LORD.

Hos.9.4 - Details

Translation

They shall not pour out wine to the LORD, nor will their sacrifices please him; their offerings shall be like bread for mourners—whoever eats of it shall be defiled; for their bread is for their own life; it shall not come into the house of the LORD.

Original Text

לא־ יסכו ליהוה ׀ יין ולא יערבו־ לו זבחיהם כלחם אונים להם כל־ אכליו יטמאו כי־ לחמם לנפשם לא יבוא בית יהוה׃

Morphology

  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יסכו: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,pl
  • ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
  • יין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ולא: CONJ
  • יערבו: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,pl
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • זבחיהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
  • כלחם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אונים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • כל: DET
  • אכליו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,3,ms
  • יטמאו: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,pl
  • כי: CONJ
  • לחמם: PREP+VERB,qal,inf+PRON,3,m,pl
  • לנפשם: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,suff3mp
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יבוא: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Isaiah 1:11-15 (verbal): Isaiah objects that God is weary of their many sacrifices and will not listen to worship when it is accompanied by wickedness—paralleling Hosea’s declaration that their drink offerings and sacrifices will not be accepted.
  • Amos 5:21-24 (thematic): Amos condemns festivals and offerings when justice is absent, insisting that cultic worship is rejected apart from righteousness—echoing Hosea’s theme of refused sacrifices.
  • Micah 6:6-8 (thematic): Micah questions the value of ritual offerings and asserts God’s demand for justice, mercy, and humility rather than mere cultic gifts, contrasting with Hosea’s warning that their offerings will not come before the LORD.
  • Psalm 50:8,16-23 (thematic): Psalm 50 emphasizes that God does not desire mere sacrifice and rebukes those who offer sacrifices while living wickedly—aligning with Hosea’s idea that sacrificial food becomes defiling and unacceptable.
  • Malachi 1:10-14 (structural): Malachi portrays God refusing profane or worthless offerings and condemning priests who bring them—closely paralleling Hosea’s statement that their bread and sacrifices will not be received in the house of the LORD.

Alternative generated candidates

  • They shall not pour out wine to the LORD, nor shall their sacrifices be pleasing to him; all their feasts shall be like the bread of mourners—they shall be defiled, for their bread is for their own appetite and shall not enter the house of the LORD.
  • They shall not pour out wine to the LORD, nor will their sacrifices please him— like a mourner’s bread to them; all who eat of it shall be defiled; for their bread is for themselves and shall not come into the house of the LORD.
5 What will you do on the day of your appointed festival, on the day of the LORD's feast?

Hos.9.5 - Details

Translation

What will you do on the day of your appointed festival, on the day of the LORD's feast?

Original Text

מה־ תעשו ליום מועד וליום חג־ יהוה׃

Morphology

  • מה: PRON,int
  • תעשו: VERB,qal,impv,2,pl
  • ליום: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מועד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וליום: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • חג: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Amos 5:21-27 (thematic): God rejects Israel's festivals and ritual observance as meaningless and announces judgment/exile—parallel to Hosea's question about what their festivals will avail in the day of the LORD.
  • Isaiah 1:13-14 (thematic): God denounces sacrifices, new moons, sabbaths and convocations because of iniquity; echoes the theme that appointed feasts cannot avert divine displeasure.
  • Leviticus 23:4 (structural): Provides the canonical designation 'appointed feasts (יְמֵי־מוֹעֲדִים)'—the legal/ritual category Hosea invokes when asking what will happen to Israel's festival observance.
  • Hosea 8:13 (verbal): Within the same prophetic book God refuses Israel's sacrifices and observances (they 'eat the sacrifices' yet God does not accept them), reinforcing Hosea 9:5's implication that festivals will not save them.

Alternative generated candidates

  • What will you do on the day of the festival, and on the day of the LORD's feast?
  • What will you do on the day of the appointed meeting, and on the day of the LORD’s feast?
6 For behold, they have gone away because of violence; Egypt shall gather them, Memphis shall bury them; the treasures of silver shall be carried away to Assyria; thorns shall spring up in their tents.

Hos.9.6 - Details

Translation

For behold, they have gone away because of violence; Egypt shall gather them, Memphis shall bury them; the treasures of silver shall be carried away to Assyria; thorns shall spring up in their tents.

Original Text

כי־ הנה הלכו משד מצרים תקבצם מף תקברם מחמד לכספם קמוש יירשם חוח באהליהם׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • הנה: PART
  • הלכו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • משד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • תקבצם: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg+obj:3,m,pl
  • מף: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • תקברם: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg+obj:3,m,pl
  • מחמד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לכספם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+prs:3,m,pl
  • קמוש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יירשם: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg+obj:3,m,pl
  • חוח: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • באהליהם: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs+3mp

Parallels

  • Hosea 8:8 (verbal): Within Hosea the same language and theme recur: Israel is 'swallowed up'/driven among the nations and faces exile—close verbal and thematic continuation of judgment for covenant unfaithfulness.
  • Exodus 32:1-6 (allusion): The golden‑calf episode is the paradigmatic instance of Israelite calf‑worship; Hosea's mention of a calf/treasure echoes this foundational tradition of idolatry.
  • 1 Kings 12:28-30 (thematic): Jeroboam's erection of calves at Bethel and Dan institutionalizes calf‑idolatry in the northern kingdom, paralleling Hosea's condemnation of the calf as object of Israel's corruption and cause of ruin.
  • Amos 5:27 (thematic): Amos likewise pronounces exile as divine judgment ('I will send you away beyond Damascus'); both prophets use exile imagery to describe Israel's coming punishment for sin.
  • Jeremiah 44:11-14 (thematic): Jeremiah rebukes Judeans who fled to Egypt and practiced idolatry there and foretells their destruction—parallel linkage of flight/association with Egypt, idolatry, and impending doom found in Hosea 9:6.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For behold, they go because of Egypt; Memphis shall gather them and bury them; their treasures and delights for silver shall be taken away; Kemosh shall have his mark, and thorns shall be in their tents.
  • For behold, they go off as spoil; Egypt will gather them up, Memphis will bury them. Their treasures for silver shall be taken; Kemosh will claim his share; thorns shall be in their tents.
7 The days of reckoning have come, the days of retribution have come; Israel shall know it. The prophet is a fool, the man of the spirit is mad—because of the multitude of your iniquity and great hatred.

Hos.9.7 - Details

Translation

The days of reckoning have come, the days of retribution have come; Israel shall know it. The prophet is a fool, the man of the spirit is mad—because of the multitude of your iniquity and great hatred.

Original Text

באו ׀ ימי הפקדה באו ימי השלם ידעו ישראל אויל הנביא משגע איש הרוח על רב עונך ורבה משטמה׃

Morphology

  • באו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • ימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • הפקדה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • באו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • ימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • השלם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ידעו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אויל: ADJ,m,sg
  • הנביא: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • משגע: VERB,piel,ptc,3,m,sg
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הרוח: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • על: PREP
  • רב: ADJ,m,sg
  • עונך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2ms
  • ורבה: VERB,qal,impv,2,ms
  • משטמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Amos 5:18-20 (thematic): Both passages question the hoped‑for “day” of the Lord/visitation — warning that the coming days will be days of punishment or darkness rather than vindication (parallel theme of recompense/judgment).
  • Ezekiel 13:3-7 (verbal): Ezekiel condemns the ‘foolish prophets’ and those who follow their own spirit and see nothing—language and accusation parallel Hosea’s taunt that the prophet is a fool and the man of the spirit is mad.
  • Jeremiah 23:25-32 (thematic): Jeremiah exposes prophets who prophesy from their own spirit or lie in God’s name and announces judgment on them — resonates with Hosea’s critique of prophetic madness and the moral cause rooted in Israel’s iniquity.
  • Micah 3:5-7 (allusion): Micah portrays prophets whose visions/predictions lead people astray and who will be ashamed/ punished because of the people’s sin—echoes Hosea’s link between prophetic failure/madness and the abundance of Israel’s guilt.

Alternative generated candidates

  • The days of visitation have come—the days of recompense have come. Israel shall know it: the prophet is a fool, the man of the spirit is mad—because of the multitude of your iniquity and the great contempt.
  • The days of reckoning have come, the days of repayment have arrived— Israel shall know it. A senseless prophet, a man of frenzy, will stagger because of your great guilt and abundant outrage.
8 Ephraim is joined to idols; a prophet's snare lies along all his ways—treachery is in the house of their God.

Hos.9.8 - Details

Translation

Ephraim is joined to idols; a prophet's snare lies along all his ways—treachery is in the house of their God.

Original Text

צפה אפרים עם־ אלהי נביא פח יקוש על־ כל־ דרכיו משטמה בבית אלהיו׃

Morphology

  • צפה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אפרים: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עם: PREP
  • אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • נביא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • פח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יקוש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • על: PREP
  • כל: DET
  • דרכיו: NOUN,f,pl,abs,3ms
  • משטמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • בבית: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אלהיו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Hos.4.6 (verbal): Both verses speak of the people's ruin through lack of understanding/knowledge — Hosea 4:6 ('my people are destroyed for lack of knowledge') echoes 9:8's theme of a people who do not understand and are ruined.
  • Jer.23:16-22 (thematic): Jeremiah condemns false prophets who speak lies and are not sent by God; this parallels Hosea's denunciation of prophets as a snare and a source of ruin for the people.
  • Ezek.13:3-7 (thematic): Ezekiel denounces 'false prophets' whose visions and protection are empty, causing the people to err — similar imagery of prophets as a snare and a cause of judgment in Hosea 9:8.
  • Deut.18:20-22 (structural): Deuteronomy provides the legal criterion for identifying false prophets and prescribing punishment for those who prophesy falsely, framing the background for prophetic falsehood condemned in Hosea 9:8.
  • Micah 3:5-7 (thematic): Micah criticizes prophets who mislead the people with flattering or false messages and bring dishonor on God's house — a close thematic parallel to Hosea's charge that prophetic activity has become a trap and a disgrace in the house of God.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Ephraim is a watchman with his idols; the prophet is a snare on all his ways—disgrace is in the house of his God.
  • Ephraim spies out allies with the idols of the prophet; a snare lies at Mizpah across all his paths— injustice in the house of his God.
9 They have deepened their corruption, like the days of Gibeah; he will remember their guilt and punish their sins.

Hos.9.9 - Details

Translation

They have deepened their corruption, like the days of Gibeah; he will remember their guilt and punish their sins.

Original Text

העמיקו־ שחתו כימי הגבעה יזכור עונם יפקוד חטאותם׃

Morphology

  • העמיקו: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,pl
  • שחתו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • כימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs+sim
  • הגבעה: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • יזכור: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • עונם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
  • יפקוד: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • חטאותם: NOUN,f,pl,abs,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Judges 19:22-30 (allusion): The explicit reference to “the days of Gibeah” points back to the gang‑rape and murder at Gibeah (Judges 19), which Hosea evokes as the paradigmatic crime whose memory and judgment attend Israel.
  • Judges 20:48 (thematic): The nationwide vengeance against Gibeah (the massacre and destruction in Judges 20) shows the communal collapse and punitive consequence that Hosea summons by recalling Gibeah’s days.
  • Judges 21:25 (structural): “In those days there was no king… everyone did what was right in his own eyes” provides the moral context for the Gibeah atrocity and parallels Hosea’s charge of deepened ruin and societal depravity.
  • Nahum 1:3 (verbal): Nahum’s language about God’s wrath and that He will by no means clear the guilty echoes Hosea’s formula that God will remember their iniquity and punish their sins—both stress divine retribution.
  • Deuteronomy 32:35 (thematic): Deuteronomy’s assertion of divine repayment and vengeance (‘Vengeance is mine; I will repay’) parallels Hosea’s theme that God will recall iniquity and execute punishment.

Alternative generated candidates

  • They have deepened their corruption, as in the days of Gibeah. He will remember their iniquity; he will visit their sins.
  • Their ruin has deepened like the days of Gibeah; he will remember their guilt and visit their sins.
10 I found Israel like grapes in the wilderness; I saw your fathers as the first-ripe on the fig tree in its first season. But they went to Baal-peor and became detestable; they made themselves an abomination like that which they loved.

Hos.9.10 - Details

Translation

I found Israel like grapes in the wilderness; I saw your fathers as the first-ripe on the fig tree in its first season. But they went to Baal-peor and became detestable; they made themselves an abomination like that which they loved.

Original Text

כענבים במדבר מצאתי ישראל כבכורה בתאנה בראשיתה ראיתי אבותיכם המה באו בעל־ פעור וינזרו לבשת ויהיו שקוצים כאהבם׃

Morphology

  • כענבים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • במדבר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מצאתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,sg
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כבכורה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • בתאנה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • בראשיתה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,f,sg
  • ראיתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
  • אבותיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
  • המה: PRON,3,m,pl
  • באו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • בעל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • פעור: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • וינזרו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • לבשת: VERB,qal,perf,2,ms
  • ויהיו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • שקוצים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
  • כאהבם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,_,pl

Parallels

  • Numbers 25:1-9 (allusion): The episode at Baal‑Peor is narrated here; Hosea 9:10 echoes Israel's going after Baal‑Peor and the resulting defilement and judgment.
  • Psalm 106:28-30 (verbal): The psalm recounts Israel 'joining themselves to Baal‑Peor' and the ensuing outrage and plague, closely paralleling Hosea's reference to that event and its shame.
  • Deuteronomy 32:32 (verbal): Uses vineyard/grape imagery to depict corrupt and poisonous fruit from Israel's idolatry—paralleling Hosea's 'grapes in the wilderness' metaphor for Israel's early promise turned corrupt.
  • Hosea 4:15 (thematic): Within the same prophetic corpus, this verse condemns Israel's infidelity/idolatry (portrayed as harlotry), echoing Hosea 9:10's charge of spiritual unfaithfulness and abhorrence.

Alternative generated candidates

  • I found Israel like grapes in the wilderness, like the first-ripe figs; I saw your fathers. They went to Baal-peor and consecrated themselves to shame; they became an abomination like that which they loved.
  • I found Israel like grapes in the wilderness— like the earliest figs on a fig tree. I saw your fathers; they went to Baal‑Peor and devoted themselves to shame; they became an abomination in the things they loved.
11 Ephraim is like a bird that will fly away; glory will fly from birth, from the womb and from conception.

Hos.9.11 - Details

Translation

Ephraim is like a bird that will fly away; glory will fly from birth, from the womb and from conception.

Original Text

אפרים כעוף יתעופף כבודם מלדה ומבטן ומהריון׃

Morphology

  • אפרים: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כעוף: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יתעופף: VERB,hitpael,imf,3,m,sg
  • כבודם: NOUN,m,sg,abs,3,m,pl
  • מלדה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ומבטן: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ומהריון: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Hosea 9:12 (structural): Immediate context in the same oracle: continues the theme of Ephraim's loss and exile, linking the image of vanishing offspring to impending judgment and inability to establish descendants.
  • Hosea 7:11 (verbal): Uses similar bird imagery for Ephraim (a fluttering or foolish bird/dove), portraying instability and lack of rootedness—paralleling the image of glory 'flying away.'
  • Isaiah 26:17-18 (thematic): Employs childbirth imagery of pregnant people bringing forth nothing or 'wind' to lament a failure of offspring; parallels Hosea's motif of loss at birth, in the womb, and at conception.
  • Psalm 127:3-5 (thematic): Presents children as the hoped-for continuity and blessing of a household; serves as a thematic contrast to Hosea's pronouncement that Ephraim's 'glory' will vanish from birth and the womb.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Ephraim shall fly away like a bird—the glory of their splendor shall fly away from the womb, from the birth, and from the conceiving.
  • Ephraim shall fly away like a bird; his glory will fly off—from the birth, from the womb, from conception.
12 Even if they rear children, I will bereave them of men; woe to them when I make them as one who has no children.

Hos.9.12 - Details

Translation

Even if they rear children, I will bereave them of men; woe to them when I make them as one who has no children.

Original Text

כי אם־ יגדלו את־ בניהם ושכלתים מאדם כי־ גם־ אוי להם בשורי מהם׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • אם: CONJ
  • יגדלו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • בניהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3,pl
  • ושכלתים: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
  • מאדם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כי: CONJ
  • גם: ADV
  • אוי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • בשורי: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,suff
  • מהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Hos.9.11 (structural): Immediate context in the same oracle: verse 11 speaks of Ephraim's offspring and helplessness (likened to a dove) and sets up the judgment upon their children and leadership that 9:12 continues.
  • Hos.13.16 (verbal): Same prophetic corpus depicting violent divine judgment on Israel where children suffer—language of children being killed or dashed (graphic consequence of national guilt) echoes 9:12’s concern for offspring.
  • Isa.13.16 (verbal): Isaiah's oracle against Babylon uses the same imagery of little ones being dashed and pregnant women violated; parallels Hosea’s motif of communal judgment that brings death/desolation to children.
  • Deut.28.53-57 (thematic): The covenant curse for disobedience includes siege horrors and the eating or death of one’s children—a legal/theological background for the prophetic picture in Hosea of children suffering as part of judgment.
  • Mic.7.1-2 (thematic): Micah laments a social breakdown in which there are no faithful survivors and no one to raise up offspring—parallels Hosea’s lament over lost or bereaved children and the consequences of national sin.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Even if they rear up their children, I will bereave them of men; woe to them when they bear— for the fruit of their womb shall fail them.
  • Though they rear their children, I will bereave them of men; yes, woe to them when I make them few.
13 Ephraim, as I saw, was a pleasant vine planted in a fruitful place; but Ephraim has brought forth to slaughter his sons.

Hos.9.13 - Details

Translation

Ephraim, as I saw, was a pleasant vine planted in a fruitful place; but Ephraim has brought forth to slaughter his sons.

Original Text

אפרים כאשר־ ראיתי לצור שתולה בנוה ואפרים להוציא אל־ הרג בניו׃

Morphology

  • אפרים: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כאשר: CONJ
  • ראיתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
  • לצור: VERB,qal,inf
  • שתולה: ADJ,f,sg
  • בנוה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ואפרים: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • להוציא: VERB,hiphil,inf
  • אל: NEG
  • הרג: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs

Parallels

  • Hos.9:11 (thematic): Immediate context in Hosea: continues the theme of Ephraim’s loss of fertility and exile (glory/fruitfulness taken away), reinforcing the motif of failed nationhood and displacement.
  • Hos.13:16 (thematic): Prophetic judgment against Israel/Samaria that pictures children and pregnant women suffering violent death — parallels the doom of offspring in 9:13 ('bring out his children to the slaughter').
  • Ezek.16:20-21 (verbal): Accuses Jerusalem of giving her children to be devoured by idols; closely parallels the shocking image of sacrificial/violent loss of children in Hosea 9:13 (children delivered to death).
  • Jer.2:21 (thematic): Yahweh’s complaint that he ‘planted’ Israel as a noble vine which has degenerated — echoes Hosea’s image of a planted vine/planting (שתלה בנוה) turned to judgment.
  • Ps.80:8-16 (allusion): Uses the vine-from-Egypt motif (a planted vine nurtured and then threatened/destroyed) similar to Hosea’s planting imagery and the subsequent withering/judgment of Israel.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Ephraim, as I saw, was planted among choice plants, yet Ephraim has yielded up his children to the slayer.
  • As for Ephraim, what I saw was a choice plant in a pleasant place— but Ephraim will bring out his children to the slayer.
14 Give them, O LORD—what shall you give? Give them a miscarrying womb and dry breasts.

Hos.9.14 - Details

Translation

Give them, O LORD—what shall you give? Give them a miscarrying womb and dry breasts.

Original Text

תן־ להם יהוה מה־ תתן תן־ להם רחם משכיל ושדים צמקים׃

Morphology

  • תן: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • מה: PRON,int
  • תתן: VERB,qal,imprf,2,_,sg
  • תן: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • רחם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • משכיל: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,sg
  • ושדים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • צמקים: NOUN,m,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Deuteronomy 28:18 (thematic): In the curse section of the covenant, God threatens the fruit of the body (offspring) with curse—infertility/sterility of one’s offspring is presented as a divine punishment, paralleling Hosea’s request for miscarriage and dry breasts.
  • Hosea 13:16 (verbal): Within the same book, God’s judgment against Israel includes graphic language against pregnant women ('their pregnant women ripped open'), echoing Hosea 9:14’s focus on barring childbirth as punishment.
  • Romans 1:24–26 (thematic): Paul depicts God ‘giving them up’ to degrading passions as a form of divine judgement. Though different in detail, it shares the theological motif of God actively handing people over to destructive consequences (here, loss of proper relations/fruitfulness) as punishment.
  • 1 Samuel 2:5 (thematic): Hannah’s barrenness (and the contrast between the barren and the fruitful) reflects the cultural and theological significance of childlessness. Hosea’s curse of miscarriage/dry breasts stands in direct tension with narratives that portray children as God’s blessing.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Give them, O LORD—what will you give? Give them a miscarrying womb and breasts that are dried up.
  • Give them, O LORD—what shall you give? Give them barren wombs and shriveled breasts.
15 All their wickedness is at Gilgal; there I began to hate them. Because of the wickedness of their deeds I will drive them from my house; I will love them no more— all their princes are faithless.

Hos.9.15 - Details

Translation

All their wickedness is at Gilgal; there I began to hate them. Because of the wickedness of their deeds I will drive them from my house; I will love them no more— all their princes are faithless.

Original Text

כל־ רעתם בגלגל כי־ שם שנאתים על רע מעלליהם מביתי אגרשם לא אוסף אהבתם כל־ שריהם סררים׃

Morphology

  • כל: DET
  • רעתם: NOUN,f,sg,suff-3mp
  • בגלגל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כי: CONJ
  • שם: ADV
  • שנאתים: NOUN,f,sg,abs+3,m,pl
  • על: PREP
  • רע: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • מעלליהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3mp
  • מביתי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+1,sg
  • אגרשם: VERB,qal,impf,1,sg+3,pl
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • אוסף: VERB,qal,impf,1,sg
  • אהבתם: NOUN,f,sg,abs+3,pl
  • כל: DET
  • שריהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs,3,m,pl_suf
  • סררים: ADJ,m,pl

Parallels

  • Hos.4.15 (verbal): Same setting—Gilgal—condemned as a place of apostasy; both verses warn against/denounce cultic activity at Gilgal and link it with Israel’s guilt.
  • Isa.1.21-23 (thematic): Isaiah portrays the holy city become corrupt and its princes as rebellious and unjust, echoing Hosea’s accusation of corrupt leadership and God’s rejection of the people.
  • Ps.78.59-62 (thematic): Psalm narrates God’s anger at Israel’s idolatry leading him to reject the sanctuary/tabernacle and withdraw protection—paralleling Hosea’s threat to drive them out of God’s house and withhold his love.
  • Ezek.8:6-18 (structural): Ezekiel’s temple visions expose cultic pollutions within the sanctuary and provoke God’s judgment; structurally parallels Hosea’s linkage of cultic corruption (Gilgal) with divine expulsion from the sacred house.

Alternative generated candidates

  • All their wickedness is at Gilgal; there I will visit their abominations. I will cast them out of my house; I will not love them— all their princes are rebellious.
  • All their wickedness is at Gilgal; there I began to hate them— because of the evil of their deeds. I will not take them into my house; I will have no love for them. All their princes are rebellious.
16 Ephraim is struck, their root is dried up; they shall bear no fruit. Even if they bear, I will slay the delights of their womb.

Hos.9.16 - Details

Translation

Ephraim is struck, their root is dried up; they shall bear no fruit. Even if they bear, I will slay the delights of their womb.

Original Text

הכה אפרים שרשם יבש פרי בל־ יעשון גם כי ילדון והמתי מחמדי בטנם׃

Morphology

  • הכה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אפרים: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שרשם: NOUN,m,pl,abs,3mp
  • יבש: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • פרי: NOUN,m,sg,cs
  • בל: PART
  • יעשון: VERB,qal,impf,3,pl
  • גם: ADV
  • כי: CONJ
  • ילדון: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • והמתי: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,1,m,sg
  • מחמדי: NOUN,m,pl,const
  • בטנם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Hosea 13:16 (verbal): Direct prophetic parallel: pronounces violent judgment on Ephraim/Samaria with children dashed and pregnant women torn—closely echoes Hos. 9:16's image of offspring slain.
  • Hosea 10:1-2 (thematic): Both passages depict Israel/Ephraim as flourishing outwardly yet ultimately fruitless; the expected fruit is withheld and judgment follows for their unfaithfulness.
  • Isaiah 5:1-7 (thematic): The 'vineyard' song: God expected justice and righteousness (fruit) but received failure, leading to condemnation—parallel theme of fruitlessness bringing divine wrath.
  • Ezekiel 9:6 (allusion): Graphic scene of divine execution 'slay utterly' including innocent-seeming victims; echoes Hosea's portrayal of comprehensive, violent judgment that even strikes offspring.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Ephraim is struck— their root is dried up; they shall bear no fruit. Even if they bear children, I will slay the desired of their womb.
  • Ephraim is struck— his root is dried up; he will bear no fruit. Even though they bring forth, I will slay the delights of their womb.
17 My God will reject them, because they did not obey him; and they shall be wanderers among the nations.

Hos.9.17 - Details

Translation

My God will reject them, because they did not obey him; and they shall be wanderers among the nations.

Original Text

ימאסם אלהי כי לא שמעו לו ויהיו נדדים בגוים׃

Morphology

  • ימאסם: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg+obj:3,m,pl
  • אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • כי: CONJ
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • שמעו: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,pl
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • ויהיו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • נדדים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • בגוים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Leviticus 26:33 (verbal): God threatens to 'scatter' Israel among the nations as punishment for disobedience—language and judicial idea parallel to Hosea's 'they shall be wanderers among the nations.'
  • Deuteronomy 28:64 (verbal): Deuteronomy likewise states that the LORD will 'scatter' the people among all nations because they did not obey him, closely echoing Hosea's causal link between disobedience and exile.
  • Ezekiel 36:20–21 (allusion): Ezekiel depicts Israel being driven into the lands of the nations and profaning God's name—the motif of divine rejection and dispersion mirrors Hosea's portrayal of God 'rejecting' them and their wandering.
  • Jeremiah 9:16 (thematic): Jeremiah announces that God will scatter inhabitants among foreign peoples because of wickedness—a thematically parallel oracle linking sin, divine displeasure, and exile.
  • Hosea 3:4 (thematic): Within Hosea's own book the future of Israel is described as a period without king or sacrifice and subject to destitution/exile—reinforcing the same outcome of rejection and wandering among nations.

Alternative generated candidates

  • God has rejected them because they would not obey him; they shall be wanderers among the nations.
  • My God will reject them because they did not listen to him; and they shall wander among the nations.
1 Israel is a luxuriant vine that yields fruit for herself; as her fruit increased, her altars multiplied—she set up many sacred pillars as her land prospered.

Hos.10.1 - Details

Translation

Israel is a luxuriant vine that yields fruit for herself; as her fruit increased, her altars multiplied—she set up many sacred pillars as her land prospered.

Original Text

גפן בוקק ישראל פרי ישוה־ לו כרב לפריו הרבה למזבחות כטוב לארצו היטיבו מצבות׃

Morphology

  • גפן: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • בוקק: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,sg
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • פרי: NOUN,m,sg,cs
  • ישוה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • כרב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לפריו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • הרבה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • למזבחות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • כטוב: PREP+ADJ,m,sg
  • לארצו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+3,m,sg
  • היטיבו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • מצבות: NOUN,f,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Isaiah 5:1-7 (thematic): The 'vineyard'/vineyard-owner metaphor: Israel (or Judah) depicted as a vine expected to produce righteousness/justice but yielding bad fruit, prompting judgment—same agricultural image and theme of fruit and altar/expectation.
  • Jeremiah 2:21 (verbal): Uses the vine image for Israel — 'I had planted you like a choice vine' — stressing divine planting/privilege contrasted with Israel's unfaithfulness, echoing Hosea's vine imagery.
  • Psalm 80:8-16 (thematic): Psalmist portrays Israel as a vine brought out of Egypt and planted by God; the passage laments injury to the vine and pleads for restoration, echoing the national/vine metaphor and concern for its fruitfulness.
  • Ezekiel 15:1-8 (allusion): Treats the vine as an object of judgment (good only for burning when it fails), using vine-wood imagery to symbolize Israel's failure and impending destruction—parallels Hosea's implied judgment on an unfaithful, fruitless vine.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Israel is a luxuriant vine that yields fruit to herself; according to their fruit they have made many altars, and as they prospered they adorned their sacred pillars.
  • Israel is a spreading vine that yields fruit for himself— as his fruit increased he built more altars; as his land prospered he set up more pillars.
2 Their heart is divided; now they shall be held guilty. He will break down their altars and plunder their sacred pillars.

Hos.10.2 - Details

Translation

Their heart is divided; now they shall be held guilty. He will break down their altars and plunder their sacred pillars.

Original Text

חלק לבם עתה יאשמו הוא יערף מזבחותם ישדד מצבותם׃

Morphology

  • חלק: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • לבם: NOUN,m,sg,poss
  • עתה: ADV
  • יאשמו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
  • יערף: VERB,qal,imprf,3,m,sg
  • מזבחותם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+SUFF,3,m,pl
  • ישדד: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • מצבותם: NOUN,f,pl,suff

Parallels

  • Deuteronomy 12:2-3 (verbal): God commands Israel to tear down the altars, smash sacred stones and burn Asherah poles—language and action closely parallel Hosea's 'break down their altars' and 'destroy their sacred pillars.'
  • 2 Kings 18:4 (structural): Hezekiah 'removed the high places, broke the sacred pillars and cut down the Asherim,' reflecting the prophetic judgment and cultic destruction depicted in Hosea 10:2.
  • Judges 6:25-26 (structural): Gideon is commanded to tear down his father's altar to Baal and cut down the Asherah—an episodic instance of altar-pillar removal that mirrors Hosea’s imagery of destroying idolatrous cult sites.
  • 1 Kings 18:21 (thematic): Elijah's rebuke, 'How long will you waver between two opinions?' echoes Hosea's charge of a 'divided heart,' both addressing Israel's divided allegiance to Yahweh and idols.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Their heart is false; now they are guilty. He will break down their altars and lay waste their pillars.
  • Their heart is deceitful; now they shall be held guilty. He will cut down their altars and plunder their pillars.
3 For now they say, 'We have no king'—for we do not fear the LORD. And what can a king do for us?

Hos.10.3 - Details

Translation

For now they say, 'We have no king'—for we do not fear the LORD. And what can a king do for us?

Original Text

כי עתה יאמרו אין מלך לנו כי לא יראנו את־ יהוה והמלך מה־ יעשה־ לנו׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • עתה: ADV
  • יאמרו: VERB,qal,imprf,3,m,pl
  • אין: PART,neg
  • מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • לנו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
  • כי: CONJ
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יראנו: VERB,hif,impf,3,ms
  • את: PRT,acc
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • והמלך: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • מה: PRON,int
  • יעשה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • לנו: PREP+PRON,1,pl

Parallels

  • Hosea 13:10 (quotation): Within the same book—reprises Israel's demand for a king and mocks its failure: 'Where now is your king... of whom you said, Give me a king.'
  • 1 Samuel 8:7-9 (thematic): Samuel/God respond to Israel's request for a human king by noting they have rejected Yahweh as their king—parallels the idea that lack of fear of the LORD makes a human king ineffectual.
  • 1 Samuel 12:12-19 (thematic): Samuel reviews Israel's insistence on a king and the consequences; highlights the contrast between fearing God and relying on human rulers, echoing Hosea's question about what a king can do.
  • Psalm 146:3 (verbal): Warnings against putting trust in princes/human leaders ('Put not your trust in princes') resonate with Hosea's skepticism about the efficacy of a king when people do not fear the LORD.
  • Isaiah 31:1 (thematic): Condemns reliance on Egypt/horses and human military power rather than on Yahweh—another prophetic rebuke of trusting human rulers instead of fearing God, similar to Hosea's critique.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For now they say, 'We have no king'— because we will not fear the LORD. And a king— what can he do for us?
  • For now they say, “We have no king, for we do not fear the LORD.” And what then is a king to us?
4 They speak empty words; a covenant is cut off—vanity, like the morning cloud and the dew that passes away.

Hos.10.4 - Details

Translation

They speak empty words; a covenant is cut off—vanity, like the morning cloud and the dew that passes away.

Original Text

דברו דברים אלות שוא כרת ברית ופרח כראש משפט על תלמי שדי׃

Morphology

  • דברו: INF,qal,inf+3ms
  • דברים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • אלות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • שוא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כרת: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ברית: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ופרח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • כראש: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • משפט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • על: PREP
  • תלמי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שדי: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Isaiah 28:15 (verbal): Condemns making a 'covenant' grounded in falsehoods — similar language about relying on lies and a worthless pact (parallels Hosea's 'speak words... make a covenant' motif).
  • Jeremiah 34:18-20 (thematic): God judges those who cut or break covenants; Jeremiah depicts covenant-making followed by covenant-breaking and consequent judgment, echoing Hosea's warning about futile agreements.
  • Hosea 6:7 (allusion): Within the same book, Israel is accused of transgressing the covenant like Adam — an internal parallel that frames Hosea 10:4's charge of covenant-violation and empty words.
  • Psalm 78:10-11 (thematic): Recalls Israel's failure to keep God's covenant despite vows and promises; the psalm's account of spoken commitments turned into disobedience parallels Hosea's critique of vain words and broken covenants.

Alternative generated candidates

  • They utter empty words—futility and lies; they make covenants only to break them. Their agreements are but vapor before the Almighty.
  • They utter vain words; they make a covenant and then break it— like the morning cloud and like the early dew that vanishes on the heights.
5 They will fear for the calf of Beth-aven; its inhabitants shall mourn over it, and its priests shall cry out over its glory, because it has departed from it.

Hos.10.5 - Details

Translation

They will fear for the calf of Beth-aven; its inhabitants shall mourn over it, and its priests shall cry out over its glory, because it has departed from it.

Original Text

לעגלות בית און יגורו שכן שמרון כי־ אבל עליו עמו וכמריו עליו יגילו על־ כבודו כי־ גלה ממנו׃

Morphology

  • לעגלות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • און: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יגורו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • שכן: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,sg
  • שמרון: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • כי: CONJ
  • אבל: CONJ
  • עליו: PREP,3,m,sg
  • עמו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
  • וכמריו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • עליו: PREP,3,m,sg
  • יגילו: VERB,qal,impf,3,mp
  • על: PREP
  • כבודו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • גלה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ממנו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • 1 Samuel 4:21-22 (verbal): Uses the same language and motif—'the glory has departed from Israel' (Ichabod)—connecting loss of divine presence with national calamity.
  • Ezekiel 10:18-19 (structural): Describes the departure of the LORD’s glory from the temple; parallels Hosea’s theme of God's glory departing as the ground for judgment and loss of honor.
  • 1 Kings 12:28-30 (allusion): Narrates Jeroboam’s setting up of golden calves at Bethel and Dan (Bethel = Beth-aven in prophetic critique), echoing Hosea’s reference to calf‑worship and corrupt cultic centers.
  • 2 Kings 17:6,18 (thematic): Reports the fall and exile of Samaria because of idolatry and the LORD’s anger—parallels Hosea’s judgment theme and the people’s loss of God’s presence and honor.
  • Hosea 8:5-6 (verbal): Within Hosea’s own critique of Israel: Ephraim builds altars and follows pagan practices. Reinforces the prophet’s consistent link between false worship, priestly complicity, and impending disgrace.

Alternative generated candidates

  • They shall turn to the calf of Beth-aven; neighbors shall settle in Samaria. Its people and its princes shall deal with its honor, for its glory has departed.
  • To the calf‑dwellers shall they go; their neighbors shall be Samaria. For Samaria shall be a heap of ruins; it will mourn for its people, and its priests will be ashamed for its glory, because it is taken from them.
6 It shall be carried to Assyria as tribute to the great king; Ephraim shall be given over, and Israel shall be ashamed of its counsel.

Hos.10.6 - Details

Translation

It shall be carried to Assyria as tribute to the great king; Ephraim shall be given over, and Israel shall be ashamed of its counsel.

Original Text

גם־ אותו לאשור יובל מנחה למלך ירב בשנה אפרים יקח ויבוש ישראל מעצתו׃

Morphology

  • גם: ADV
  • אותו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • לאשור: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יובל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מנחה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • למלך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ירב: VERB,qal,juss,3,m,sg
  • בשנה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אפרים: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יקח: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • ויבוש: CONJ+VERB,qal,imprf,3,m,sg
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מעצתו: PREP+NOUN+PRON,f,sg,abs,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Hos.5:13 (verbal): Ephraim seeks help from Assyria—same theme and similar wording about going to Assyria for support, showing the prophet’s repeated rebuke of foreign alliances.
  • Hos.7:11 (verbal): Explicit statement that Ephraim ‘calls to Egypt, goes to Assyria’—a near-verbal parallel criticizing reliance on foreign powers rather than YHWH.
  • Isa.30:1-5 (thematic): Condemns Judah’s treaty-seeking with Egypt and reliance on foreign military aid instead of God; parallels Hosea’s warning about the folly and shame of trusting foreign allies.
  • 2 Kings 17:3-6 (structural): Historic account of Israel’s subjugation by Assyria after turning from the LORD—provides the historical outcome to which Hosea’s warnings about Assyrian intervention point.
  • Jer.2:18 (thematic): Jeremiah rebukes Israel for going to Egypt and Assyria for help rather than to God—echoes Hosea’s critique of seeking foreign counsel and the resulting shame.

Alternative generated candidates

  • It shall be carried to Assyria as tribute—a present to the great king. Ephraim shall receive the portion, and Israel shall be put to shame by its own counsel.
  • It shall even become a tribute to Assyria; Ephraim will give gifts to the mighty king, and by their counsel Israel shall be put to shame.
7 Samaria shall yield her king as foam on the surface of the waters.

Hos.10.7 - Details

Translation

Samaria shall yield her king as foam on the surface of the waters.

Original Text

נדמה שמרון מלכה כקצף על־ פני־ מים׃

Morphology

  • נדמה: VERB,nip,perf,3,m,sg
  • שמרון: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • מלכה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • כקצף: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • על: PREP
  • פני: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • מים: NOUN,m,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Psalm 1:4 (thematic): Uses image of insubstantial refuse (chaff) driven away by wind to depict the wicked; parallels Hosea’s likening of Samaria’s kingship to fleeting, worthless foam on the water.
  • James 1:6–8 (verbal): Describes the double‑minded person as 'like a wave of the sea driven and tossed by the wind'; shares the water‑surface imagery and theme of instability/lack of firm standing with Hosea’s 'foam on the surface of the waters.'
  • Isaiah 40:6–8 (thematic): Declares human life and power are transient ('all flesh is grass'), a theme echoed by Hosea’s metaphor that Samaria’s kingship is mere fleeting foam.
  • Job 7:7 (thematic): Speaks of the brevity and frailty of human life ('my life is a breath'), resonating with Hosea’s image that the kingdom’s stature is ephemeral and insubstantial like foam.

Alternative generated candidates

  • The majesty of Samaria shall perish like foam upon the surface of the waters.
  • Samaria is now like foam on the surface of the waters— a vain throne that shall be swept away.
8 And the calf of Israel shall be destroyed by fire; thorns and briers shall grow on their altars—then they will say to the mountains, 'Cover us,' and to the hills, 'Fall upon us.'

Hos.10.8 - Details

Translation

And the calf of Israel shall be destroyed by fire; thorns and briers shall grow on their altars—then they will say to the mountains, 'Cover us,' and to the hills, 'Fall upon us.'

Original Text

ונשמדו במות און חטאת ישראל קוץ ודרדר יעלה על־ מזבחותם ואמרו להרים כסונו ולגבעות נפלו עלינו׃

Morphology

  • ונשמדו: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,pl
  • במות: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • און: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • חטאת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • קוץ: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ודרדר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יעלה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • על: PREP
  • מזבחותם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+SUFF,3,m,pl
  • ואמרו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • להרים: VERB,hiphil,inf
  • כסונו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,pl
  • ולגבעות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • נפלו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • עלינו: PREP+PRON,1,pl

Parallels

  • Revelation 6:16 (quotation): The same cry to the mountains and rocks to 'fall on us' appears (Revelation 6:16), echoing Hosea's image of people begging the earth to hide them at divine judgment.
  • Isaiah 2:19 (thematic): Both texts depict people seeking concealment in the earth/rocks and appealing to mountains/hills in terror at the coming judgment—shared motifs of cosmic shame and hiding.
  • Isaiah 34:13 (verbal): Isaiah's portrayal of thorns, nettles and brambles overtaking sacred places parallels Hosea's image of 'thorns and briers' rising on altars, symbolizing desolation of cultic sites.
  • Micah 1:7 (structural): Micah predicts destruction of altars and carved images (idols), a close parallel to Hosea's judgment on Israel's altars and objects of worship being laid waste.

Alternative generated candidates

  • The sin of Israel, the calf of Samaria, shall be utterly destroyed; thorns and briars shall grow on their altars, and they will cry to the mountains, 'Cover us,' and to the hills, 'Fall on us.'
  • They shall perish by the sword— the sin of Israel. Thorns and thistles shall grow up on their altars; they will cry to the mountains, “Cover us,” and to the hills, “Fall on us.”
9 From the days of Gibeah is Israel's sin—there it stands; there shall be no victory for them in the day of battle against the sons of guilt.

Hos.10.9 - Details

Translation

From the days of Gibeah is Israel's sin—there it stands; there shall be no victory for them in the day of battle against the sons of guilt.

Original Text

מימי הגבעה חטאת ישראל שם עמדו לא־ תשיגם בגבעה מלחמה על־ בני עלוה׃

Morphology

  • מימי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • הגבעה: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • חטאת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שם: ADV
  • עמדו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • תשיגם: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
  • בגבעה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • מלחמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • על: PREP
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • עלוה: NOUN,prop,f,sg

Parallels

  • Judges 19–21 (allusion): The reference to Gibeah evokes the atrocity at Gibeah (Judges 19–21) as the origin of Israel’s sin and internal violence.
  • Hosea 4:15 (verbal): Uses the same place-name Beth‑aven/‘Aven (house of iniquity) and warns against going to Beth‑aven, linking place-name imagery of corruption.
  • 1 Kings 12:26–33 (thematic): Jeroboam’s establishment of cultic sites at Bethel (and Dan) makes Bethel a center of apostasy—paralleling Hosea’s charge against ‘Aven’/Bethel as a locus of sin.
  • Amos 5:5 (thematic): Amos likewise condemns Bethel (and Gilgal) and predicts its downfall, echoing prophetic denunciation of Bethel/Aven as synonymous with Israel’s guilt.

Alternative generated candidates

  • The sin of Israel is from the days of Gibeah; there they stood. They shall not be vindicated on the heights— war shall come against the house of their high places.
  • From the days of Gibeah the sin of Israel has been; there they took their stand. There shall be no more triumph— a battle against the sons of iniquity will not avail them.
10 I will go and take them away; I will call the nations against them and bind them in chains for their double iniquity.

Hos.10.10 - Details

Translation

I will go and take them away; I will call the nations against them and bind them in chains for their double iniquity.

Original Text

באותי ואסרם ואספו עליהם עמים באסרם לשתי עונתם׃

Morphology

  • באותי: VERB,qal,impf,1,m,sg
  • ואסרם: VERB,qal,impf,1,m,sg
  • ואספו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • עליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
  • עמים: NOUN,pl,m,abs
  • באסרם: PREP,3,m,pl
  • לשתי: PREP+NUM,card,f,du
  • עונתם: NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Isaiah 10:5-7 (thematic): Portrays a foreign power (Assyria) as the LORD’s instrument of judgment—paralleling Hosea’s motif that nations will be gathered against Israel as divine punishment.
  • Deuteronomy 28:25 (thematic): Part of the covenant curses promising that enemies/nations will beset and overrun Israel—echoes the threat that peoples will be assembled against them for their sin.
  • Joel 3:2-3 (thematic): Joel speaks of God gathering the nations to judge Israel and punish exploitation—parallels the image of peoples assembled against Israel as retribution.
  • Hosea 8:9 (allusion): Within the same prophetic oracle Ephraim’s reliance on Assyria and the coming consequences are described—an internal echo of foreign peoples being used against Israel.

Alternative generated candidates

  • When I come, I will seize them; I will gather nations against them, and they shall be taken captive for their double guilt.
  • When I come, I will take them away; I will assemble the nations against them and bind them for their double guilt.
11 Ephraim is a trained heifer that loves to thresh; therefore I will lay a yoke across her fair neck. I will make Ephraim ride; Judah shall plow, and Jacob shall break up the ground.

Hos.10.11 - Details

Translation

Ephraim is a trained heifer that loves to thresh; therefore I will lay a yoke across her fair neck. I will make Ephraim ride; Judah shall plow, and Jacob shall break up the ground.

Original Text

ואפרים עגלה מלמדה אהבתי לדוש ואני עברתי על־ טוב צוארה ארכיב אפרים יחרוש יהודה ישדד־ לו יעקב׃

Morphology

  • ואפרים: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עגלה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • מלמדה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • אהבתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
  • לדוש: VERB,qal,inf
  • ואני: PRON,1,sg
  • עברתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,m,sg
  • על: PREP
  • טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
  • צוארה: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,fs
  • ארכיב: VERB,qal,impf,1,sg
  • אפרים: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יחרוש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
  • ישדד: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • יעקב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Isaiah 10:27 (verbal): Uses the same yoke/neck imagery (removal or placing of a yoke on the neck) to speak of divine control or relief—parallels Hosea's motif of putting a yoke on Ephraim's neck as an act of judgment/discipline.
  • Joel 3:13 (thematic): Threshing and harvest imagery is used to depict judgment and separation; Joel's call to 'put in the sickle' echoes Hosea's agricultural/oxen-threshing metaphor for Ephraim's fate.
  • Hosea 7:11 (thematic): Another depiction of Ephraim's character in Hosea (here as foolish/dubious like a dove and leaning on foreign powers); thematically linked in portraying Ephraim's misguided behavior and impending discipline.
  • Deuteronomy 28:48 (allusion): Covenantal curse language about being placed under a yoke for disobedience provides a legal/background parallel: the yoke on the neck as punishment for covenant failure, echoed in Hosea's threatened yoking of Ephraim.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Ephraim is a well-trained heifer that loves to thresh; I will pass over her fair neck. I will harness Ephraim; Judah shall plow, and Jacob shall break up his fallow ground.
  • Ephraim was a trained heifer that loved to thresh; I took away her easy yoke. I will harness Ephraim— Judah shall plow, and Jacob shall break up his fallow ground.
12 Sow for yourselves righteousness; reap steadfast love. Break up your fallow ground—for it is time to seek the LORD, until he come and rain righteousness upon you.

Hos.10.12 - Details

Translation

Sow for yourselves righteousness; reap steadfast love. Break up your fallow ground—for it is time to seek the LORD, until he come and rain righteousness upon you.

Original Text

זרעו לכם לצדקה קצרו לפי־ חסד נירו לכם ניר ועת לדרוש את־ יהוה עד־ יבוא וירה צדק לכם׃

Morphology

  • זרעו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
  • לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
  • לצדקה: PREP
  • קצרו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • לפי: PREP
  • חסד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נירו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
  • ניר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ועת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • לדרוש: VERB,qal,inf
  • את: PRT,acc
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • עד: PREP
  • יבוא: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • וירה: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • צדק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לכם: PREP,2,m,pl

Parallels

  • Proverbs 11:18 (verbal): Uses the same moral agricultural metaphor — ‘one who sows righteousness’ and the idea that righteous sowing yields a divine reward, paralleling Hosea’s ‘sow for yourselves righteousness.’
  • Galatians 6:7-9 (verbal): Paul’s injunction about sowing and reaping (do not be deceived… a man reaps what he sows; sow to the Spirit and reap life) echoes Hosea’s ethical call to sow righteousness and reap mercy/righteousness.
  • Isaiah 55:6 (thematic): The summons ‘Seek the LORD’ and the urgency of doing so at the appropriate time correspond to Hosea’s ‘it is time to seek the LORD,’ linking repentance and divine response.
  • Joel 2:23-24 (thematic): Speaks of God sending rain (former and latter) and restoring the land — parallels Hosea’s image of God ‘coming and raining righteousness’ as a promised blessing tied to seeking the LORD.
  • Psalm 85:10-11 (allusion): Portrays righteousness coming from heaven (‘righteousness looks down from heaven’) and the meeting of steadfast love and truth, resonating with Hosea’s motif of divine righteousness being poured out.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Sow for yourselves righteousness; reap according to steadfast love. Break up your fallow ground; it is time to seek the LORD— that he may come and rain righteousness upon you.
  • Sow for yourselves righteousness; reap according to steadfast love. Break up your fallow ground; for it is time to seek the LORD, until he comes and rains righteousness upon you.
13 You have plowed wickedness and reaped iniquity; you have eaten the fruit of lies, because you trusted in your own way and in the abundance of your warriors.

Hos.10.13 - Details

Translation

You have plowed wickedness and reaped iniquity; you have eaten the fruit of lies, because you trusted in your own way and in the abundance of your warriors.

Original Text

חרשתם־ רשע עולתה קצרתם אכלתם פרי־ כחש כי־ בטחת בדרכך ברב גבוריך׃

Morphology

  • חרשתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
  • רשע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עולתה: NOUN,m,sg,abs,3,m,sg
  • קצרתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
  • אכלתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
  • פרי: NOUN,m,sg,cs
  • כחש: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • בטחת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
  • בדרכך: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs,2,m,sg
  • ברב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • גבוריך: NOUN,m,pl,abs+2ms

Parallels

  • Hosea 8:7 (verbal): Uses the same sow/ reap imagery (they sow the wind and reap the whirlwind); closely parallels Hos.10:13’s theme that evil actions yield destructive consequences.
  • Jeremiah 12:13 (thematic): Speaks of sowing and reaping in judgment—'they sow wheat and reap thorns'—echoing Hos.10:13’s idea that Israel will consume the fruit of their deceit and face ruin.
  • Galatians 6:7 (thematic): New Testament summary of the moral principle behind sowing and reaping—'whatever one sows, that will he also reap'—paralleling Hos.10:13’s causal link between wicked conduct and its outcome.
  • Psalm 20:7 (thematic): Contrasts trust in military strength with trust in God ('Some trust in chariots and some in horses…'), paralleling Hos.10:13’s critique of relying on 'the multitude of your mighty men' rather than God.
  • Isaiah 31:1 (thematic): Condemns reliance on foreign military power ('woe to those who go down to Egypt for help… who trust in horses'), echoing Hos.10:13’s rebuke of trusting in human might instead of the Lord.

Alternative generated candidates

  • You have plowed wickedness and reaped injustice; you have eaten the fruit of lies, because you trusted in your own way and in the might of your warriors.
  • You have plowed wickedness and reaped injustice; you have eaten the fruit of lies, because you trusted in your way and in the multitude of your heroes.
14 Therefore shall a tumult arise among your people, and all your strongholds shall be plundered—like Shalman in Beth-arbel on the day of battle, when he dashed mothers to pieces along with their children.

Hos.10.14 - Details

Translation

Therefore shall a tumult arise among your people, and all your strongholds shall be plundered—like Shalman in Beth-arbel on the day of battle, when he dashed mothers to pieces along with their children.

Original Text

וקאם שאון בעמך וכל־ מבצריך יושד כשד שלמן בית ארבאל ביום מלחמה אם על־ בנים רטשה׃

Morphology

  • וקאם: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • שאון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בעמך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+2ms
  • וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
  • מבצריך: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יושד: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • כשד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שלמן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ארבאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ביום: PREP
  • מלחמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אם: CONJ
  • על: PREP
  • בנים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • רטשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,pl

Parallels

  • Hos.13:16 (verbal): Repeats the same horrific image of mothers being dashed in pieces on their children as part of Hosea’s pronouncement of judgment against Samaria—closely parallels wording and intent.
  • Isa.13:16 (verbal): Isaiah’s oracle against Babylon employs the same gruesome motif—‘children dashed to pieces before their eyes’—echoing the violent language of total destruction.
  • Amos 1:13 (thematic): Amos condemns the Ammonites for ripping open pregnant women in Gilead; thematically parallels the brutal treatment of mothers and children as evidence of moral atrocity warranting divine punishment.
  • 2 Kgs 15:29 (allusion): Historic parallel to Assyrian incursions into northern Israelite towns; Hosea’s mention of ‘Shalman’ and Beth-Arbel evokes the real-world Assyrian devastation recorded in the kings’ accounts.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Shall I not sound an alarm against your people? All who prepare shall be plundered— as the spoiler of Shalman at Beth-arbel in the day of battle, who dashed even the pregnant women in pieces.
  • Therefore shall ruin arise against your people, and all your strongholds shall be plundered— as Shalman plundered Beth‑Arbel in the day of battle; mothers were dashed in pieces with their children.
15 Thus shall Bethel do to you because of your great wickedness: at morning—'Gone! gone!'—the king of Israel shall be cut off.

Hos.10.15 - Details

Translation

Thus shall Bethel do to you because of your great wickedness: at morning—'Gone! gone!'—the king of Israel shall be cut off.

Original Text

ככה עשה לכם בית־ אל מפני רעת רעתכם בשחר נדמה נדמה מלך ישראל׃

Morphology

  • ככה: ADV
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
  • בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • מפני: PREP
  • רעת: NOUN,f,sg,construct
  • רעתכם: NOUN,f,sg,cons,2,pl
  • בשחר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נדמה: VERB,nip,perf,3,m,sg
  • נדמה: VERB,nip,perf,3,m,sg
  • מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Amos 7:9 (thematic): Both prophets pronounce destruction of Israel's high places (including Bethel) and the overthrow of the northern leadership — a divine judgment on the cultic centers of Israel.
  • 1 Kings 12:28-30 (structural): Narrative background for Bethel's guilt: Jeroboam establishes a rival cult at Bethel (golden calf), explaining the idolatry and 'great wickedness' that Hosea condemns.
  • 2 Kings 23:15-18 (structural): King Josiah later destroys the altar and high place at Bethel, historically paralleling Hosea’s oracle of Bethel’s doom and the removal of Israel’s cultic/royal symbols.
  • Hos. 8:4 (verbal): Within Hosea, this verse criticizes Israel’s illegitimate kings/princes ('they set up kings, but not by me'), echoing the theme of rejected leadership and divine withdrawal that leads to the king’s removal in 10:15.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Thus has Bethel done to you because of your great wickedness: at dawn the majesty of Israel shall be utterly cut off.
  • So shall Bethel do to you because of your great evil: in the morning the king of Israel shall be utterly cut off.

Do not rejoice, O Israel; do not exult like the nations—for you have prostituted yourself, forsaking your God; you loved reward on every threshing-floor.

The threshing floor and the winepress shall not make them glad; new wine shall fail them.

They shall not dwell in the land of the LORD; Ephraim shall return to Egypt, and in Assyria they shall eat unclean food.

They shall not pour out wine to the LORD, nor will their sacrifices please him; their offerings shall be like bread for mourners—whoever eats of it shall be defiled; for their bread is for their own life; it shall not come into the house of the LORD.

What will you do on the day of your appointed festival, on the day of the LORD's feast?

For behold, they have gone away because of violence; Egypt shall gather them, Memphis shall bury them; the treasures of silver shall be carried away to Assyria; thorns shall spring up in their tents.

The days of reckoning have come, the days of retribution have come; Israel shall know it. The prophet is a fool, the man of the spirit is mad—because of the multitude of your iniquity and great hatred.

Ephraim is joined to idols; a prophet's snare lies along all his ways—treachery is in the house of their God.

They have deepened their corruption, like the days of Gibeah; he will remember their guilt and punish their sins.

I found Israel like grapes in the wilderness; I saw your fathers as the first-ripe on the fig tree in its first season. But they went to Baal-peor and became detestable; they made themselves an abomination like that which they loved.

Ephraim is like a bird that will fly away; glory will fly from birth, from the womb and from conception.

Even if they rear children, I will bereave them of men; woe to them when I make them as one who has no children.

Ephraim, as I saw, was a pleasant vine planted in a fruitful place; but Ephraim has brought forth to slaughter his sons.

Give them, O LORD—what shall you give? Give them a miscarrying womb and dry breasts.

All their wickedness is at Gilgal; there I began to hate them. Because of the wickedness of their deeds I will drive them from my house; I will love them no more— all their princes are faithless.

Ephraim is struck, their root is dried up; they shall bear no fruit. Even if they bear, I will slay the delights of their womb.

My God will reject them, because they did not obey him; and they shall be wanderers among the nations.

Israel is a luxuriant vine that yields fruit for herself; as her fruit increased, her altars multiplied—she set up many sacred pillars as her land prospered.

Their heart is divided; now they shall be held guilty. He will break down their altars and plunder their sacred pillars.

For now they say, 'We have no king'—for we do not fear the LORD. And what can a king do for us?

They speak empty words; a covenant is cut off—vanity, like the morning cloud and the dew that passes away.

They will fear for the calf of Beth-aven; its inhabitants shall mourn over it, and its priests shall cry out over its glory, because it has departed from it.

It shall be carried to Assyria as tribute to the great king; Ephraim shall be given over, and Israel shall be ashamed of its counsel.

Samaria shall yield her king as foam on the surface of the waters. And the calf of Israel shall be destroyed by fire; thorns and briers shall grow on their altars—then they will say to the mountains, 'Cover us,' and to the hills, 'Fall upon us.'

From the days of Gibeah is Israel's sin—there it stands; there shall be no victory for them in the day of battle against the sons of guilt.

I will go and take them away; I will call the nations against them and bind them in chains for their double iniquity.

Ephraim is a trained heifer that loves to thresh; therefore I will lay a yoke across her fair neck. I will make Ephraim ride; Judah shall plow, and Jacob shall break up the ground.

Sow for yourselves righteousness; reap steadfast love. Break up your fallow ground—for it is time to seek the LORD, until he come and rain righteousness upon you.

You have plowed wickedness and reaped iniquity; you have eaten the fruit of lies, because you trusted in your own way and in the abundance of your warriors.

Therefore shall a tumult arise among your people, and all your strongholds shall be plundered—like Shalman in Beth-arbel on the day of battle, when he dashed mothers to pieces along with their children. Thus shall Bethel do to you because of your great wickedness: at morning—'Gone! gone!'—the king of Israel shall be cut off.