Israel Chosen and Blessed by the Spirit
Isaiah 44:1-5
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Revelation
Isa.44.1 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- ועתה: CONJ
- שמע: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יעקב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- עבדי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- וישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בחרתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,?,sg
- בו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Isaiah 41:8 (verbal): Shares nearly identical language — 'Israel my servant, Jacob whom I have chosen' — repeating the motif of Israel as God's chosen servant.
- Isaiah 43:1 (verbal): Opens with 'now thus says the LORD' addressing Jacob/Israel (creator's summons), echoing the direct address and divine choice in 44:1.
- Isaiah 42:1 (thematic): Introduces the 'servant' figure ('my servant, whom I uphold; my chosen'), connecting the servant motif and divine election applied to Israel or a servant-servant figure.
- Deuteronomy 7:6 (thematic): Declares Israel as God's chosen people ('For you are a people holy to the LORD... the LORD has chosen you'), paralleling the theme of election expressed in Isa 44:1.
Alternative generated candidates
- Now hear, Jacob my servant, Israel whom I have chosen.
- Hear now, Jacob my servant, Israel whom I have chosen.
Isa.44.2 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- כה: ADV
- אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- עשך: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg+PRON,2,m,sg
- ויצרך: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- מבטן: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יעזרך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- אל: NEG
- תירא: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- עבדי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- יעקב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- וישרון: CONJ+NOUN,prop,m,sg
- בחרתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,?,sg
- בו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Isaiah 43:1 (verbal): Both verses address Israel with the command 'Fear not' and affirm God's redeeming/choosing care for Jacob/Israel.
- Isaiah 41:8-10 (verbal): Similar language of 'my servant' and reassurance ('fear not,' 'I will help you'), emphasizing divine election and assistance.
- Psalm 139:13-16 (verbal): Shares the motif of God as creator who 'formed' or 'knitted' the person in the womb, underscoring intimate divine formation.
- Jeremiah 1:5 (allusion): Echoes the idea of divine knowledge and formation prior to birth ('before I formed you in the womb I knew you'), linking calling and origination.
- Deuteronomy 7:6 (thematic): Parallel theme of Israel's election as a 'chosen' people of the LORD, resonating with 'I have chosen him/you.'
Alternative generated candidates
- Thus says the LORD: I made you and formed you from the womb; I will help you. Do not fear, Jacob my servant—Jeshurun I have chosen.
- Thus says the LORD, who made you and formed you from the womb, who will help you: Do not fear, Jacob my servant; Israel, I have chosen you.
Isa.44.3 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- אצק: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- מים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- על: PREP
- צמא: ADJ,m,sg
- ונזלים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- על: PREP
- יבשה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- אצק: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- רוחי: NOUN,f,sg,abs+1cs
- על: PREP
- זרעך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- וברכתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,c,sg
- על: PREP
- צאצאיך: NOUN,m,pl,abs+2ms
Parallels
- Joel 2:28-29 (verbal): Uses the same language of God 'pouring out' his Spirit on people—direct verbal parallel to Isaiah's promise to pour out his Spirit.
- Ezekiel 36:25-27 (thematic): Promises both cleansing with water ('I will sprinkle clean water') and the indwelling/outpouring of God's Spirit—combines water imagery and Spirit-giving as in Isaiah 44:3.
- Isaiah 32:15 (verbal): Speaks of the Spirit being 'poured upon us from on high'—uses the same poured/outpouring motif for the Spirit found in 44:3.
- Acts 2:17-18 (quotation): Peter quotes Joel at Pentecost ('I will pour out my Spirit'), applying the outpouring promise to the church—New Testament fulfillment/interpretation of prophetic outpouring language.
- Zechariah 12:10 (allusion): Speaks of God 'pouring out' a spirit (of grace and supplication) on the house of David—similar pouring-of-Spirit motif applied to Israel.
Alternative generated candidates
- For I will pour water on the thirsty and streams upon the dry ground; I will pour out my Spirit upon your offspring and my blessing on your descendants.
- For I will pour water on the thirsty and streams upon the dry land; I will pour out my Spirit on your offspring and my blessing on your descendants.
Isa.44.4 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- וצמחו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
- בבין: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חציר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כערבים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- על: PREP
- יבלי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- מים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Isaiah 44:3 (structural): Immediate context: God promises to pour out water on the thirsty and streams on dry ground, which leads directly into the image of people springing up like willows by watercourses.
- Psalm 1:3 (verbal): Uses the same botanical-by-water image—'a tree planted by streams of water'—to depict flourishing and stability, paralleling the willows-by-streams simile.
- Jeremiah 17:8 (verbal): Describes the one who trusts in the LORD as 'a tree planted by the waters' that fears no heat and yields fruit, closely echoing the motif of life and fruitfulness beside water.
- Ezekiel 47:12 (thematic): Vision of trees growing along the riverbank whose leaves do not wither and which bear fruit for food—shared theme of living trees sustained by water and bringing renewal.
Alternative generated candidates
- They shall spring up among the grass like willows by streams of water.
- They shall spring up among the grass like willows beside streams of water.
Isa.44.5 - Details
Translation
Original Text
Morphology
- זה: PRON,dem,m,sg
- יאמר: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- וזה: CONJ+PRON,dem,m,sg,abs
- יקרא: VERB,niphal,impf,3,m,sg
- בשם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יעקב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- וזה: CONJ+PRON,dem,m,sg,abs
- יכתב: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ידו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- ובשם: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יכנה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Isaiah 43:7 (verbal): Speaks of those 'called by my name' whom God created for his glory—parallels Isa 44:5's motif of persons identifying themselves by the name of Jacob/Israel and being called by God's name.
- Isaiah 62:2-4 (thematic): Promises Zion will be given a new name and Israel renamed and restored—connects to Isa 44:5's emphasis on naming/renaming and communal identity as 'Jacob'/'Israel.'
- Hosea 2:23 (Hos.1:10–2:23 context) (allusion): God reverses the curse—calling 'Not my people' into 'my people'—resonates with Isa 44:5's theme of persons bearing/being called by the name of Israel as a sign of restoration and belonging to Yahweh.
- Deuteronomy 6:8 (structural): Commands binding God's words as a sign on hand and between eyes—parallels Isa 44:5's image of writing 'Belonging to the LORD' on the hand as a mark of covenant identity.
- Joel 2:32 (cf. Romans 10:13) (quotation): Joel's promise that 'everyone who calls on the name of the LORD shall be saved' echoes the language of calling on a name in Isa 44:5, linking invocation/identification by God's name with belonging and salvation.
Alternative generated candidates
- Some will say, “I belong to the LORD”; another will call himself by the name Jacob; another will write on his hand, “Belonging to the LORD,” and take the name Israel.
- One will say, 'I belong to the LORD'; another will call himself by the name Jacob; another will write with his hand, 'Belonging to the LORD,' and will call himself by the name Israel.
Now hear, Jacob, my servant, and Israel, whom I have chosen. Thus says the LORD, who made you and formed you from the womb, who will help you: Do not fear, my servant Jacob, and Israel, whom I have chosen.
For I will pour water on the thirsty and streams upon the dry land; I will pour out my Spirit upon your offspring and my blessing on your descendants.
They will spring up among the grass like willows beside flowing streams.
One will say, 'I am the LORD's'; another will call upon the name of Jacob; another will write on his hand, 'Belonging to the LORD,' and will take the name Israel.